LV13169B - High temperature wood drying method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to high temperature wood drying in hydrophobic liquids, namely to high temperature wood drying in heated petrolatum. An exposure to heated petrolatum according to the method is carried out at maximum permissible drying temperature for particular species of wood. When drying a hardwood an initial exposure to heated petrolatum is carried out at 100 0C and proceeds till the hardwood is warmed up to 100 0C to the whole width in crosscut, said time period being empirically predefined and dependent on particular species of hardwood and its width in crosscut. In the later stage the temperature of the petrolatum is gradually increased at a rate of 0,5-1,0 0C/hour to avoid an excessively intensive water steam generation at the initial stage of drying, when water contents is at its maximum level. Then, the drying operation is proceeded by the exposure at so increased temperature, which is kept unchanged. Drying temperature conditions according to the method provide a higher balance in water partial pressure distribution in the direction from the hardwood surface area to the crosscut inner zone resulting in a higher evenness in the course of water emission from said surface area in the direction of inner zone, in that way avoiding a breaking out of wood fibers in the inner parts of the hardwood.

Description

EN 13169 CIIOCOE BLICΟΚΟΤΕΜΠΕΡΑΤΥΡΗΟϋ CYIIIKH JPEBECHHL ·! OEJIACTL · ΤΕΧΗΗΚΗ H3o6peTeHHe othochtc »k cnocoOaM BbicoKOTeMnepaTypHOH cymKH ^ peBecHHti b ΓΗΛροφοβΗΒΐχ χοϊλκοοταχ, b HacTHOCTH κ cnoco6aM 5 BBicoKOTeMiiepaTypHOH cyiiiKH ^ peBecHHbi b neTpojiaTyMe (neTponaTyM - A mixture Napa (|) HHOB H Uepe3HHOB C BBICOKOBJI3KHM ΟΗΗΙΗβΗΗΒΙΜ MaCJIOM, nOJIV ^ aeMBIM NPH nepepa6oTKe Ηεφτη; ΗΜεετ TeMnepaTypy iuiaBJieHHfl 55 ° C h TeMneparypy BCnHUIKH He HHMCe 250 ° C). nPEflIIIECTByiOnlHH ΥΡΟΒΕΗΒ ΤΕΧΗΗΚΗ 10 Πρκ BbicoKOTeMnepaTypHofi cyuiKe b neTpojiaTjnvie paHee hsbccthbimh cnoco6aMH He y ^ aBajiocb hckjhohhtb BHyipeHHero pacTpecKHBaHus apeBecHHti TBepABK nopofl. H3BecTHO, whereby to BBicoKOTeMnepaTypHaa cyinKa b neTpojiaTyMe (from cpaBHeHHio c KaMepHOft η 3ΤΜθεφερΗθίί cyinKoft) OTJiHHaeTca 0TcyTCTBHeM 15 hapy > KHBix τρειηΗΗ AAAC πρκ CYMK mīJioMarepnajiOB c nonepeHHBiM ceneHHeM 50 mm h 6ojiee, BbicynraTb κοτορΒίε 6e3 hapy »cHBix Tpeimm HHane CEC b neTpojiaTyMe npaKTHnecKH HeB03MoacHo.

XapaKTep pacnpe ^ ejieHHa BnaacHOCTH of nonepenHOMy ceHeHHio nnjiOMaTepHajīa npn cynnce apeBecHHBi b neTponaTyMe CBH ^ o eTejiBCTByeT 20 HajīHHHH cymecxBeHHBix BjiaacHOCTHBK e.g. ^ eHHft, κοτορΒίε nponopHHOHajtBHbi pa3HHHe Meamy cpe ^ Hen BnaacHocTBio b nanoMaTepnajie h ^ BJiaacHOCTbio aiiHoro ero cjioa. Πρκ pe3KOM noBBimeHHH TeMnepaTypBi npn cyniKe b neīpojiaTyMe flpeBeCHHBI TBepaBDC ΠΟρΟΛ npOHCXOAHT HHTeHCHBHOe napOBBmeJieHHe b 25 B0Ji0KHax BHyrpeHHHX cjioeB zipeBecHHBi, HaxoflauīHxca 3a εηετ bbicokoh cTeneHH cacaTna 6jih3ko, apyr κ apyry, whereby to 3aipy, qHaeT ββιχοα o6pa3yiomerocs napa. Πρη stom προκεχοβΗτ BCKnnaHne ny3BipBKOB BBmejiaeMoft BJiara, nx ^ nocjie yiomHH pa3pBiB, conpoBOK ^ aeMbifl pa3pBiB0M BHyTpeHHnx bojiokoh apeBecHHBi c noaBjieHHeM BcnyHHBaHna η Β03ΗηκΗ0ΒβΗΗβΜ KpaTepoB b ENNE 30 PBITBHHOK BHjnrpn ApeBeCHHBI. 2

Han6ojiee 6jih3khm from τεχΗΗΗεεκοκ cym, HOCTH κ 3aaBJiaoMOMy BBJiaeTCH cnoco6 BticoKOTeMnepaTypHOH cyniKH ApoBOCHHbi [naTeHT JlaTBHHCKon

Pecny6jiHKH N "12776, MKH7 F26B3 / 00, F26B7 / 00, naTeHTHas 3aaBKa P-00-66, πρκορκτετ οτ 22.05.2000] πρη κοτοροΜ nHJiOMarepHajībi jncjia ^ tiBaiOT β 5 niTaSejiB, norpyxca £ OT b neTpojiaTyM, npeaBapHTeJitHO pa3orpoTbift ao TeMnepaTypi > 130-140 ° C, BbiAepiKHBaiOT b HeM b τεηεΗΗε 8-12 nac, 3aieM AaiOT neTpojiaTyMy ctohb.

OflHaico, Kak noKa3ajia npaKTHKa, 3HaHHTojibHoo BHyrpeHHee pacTpecKHBaHne npn cynnce α ^ £ ηηημ H3BecTH > uM cnoco6oM HaGjnoAajiocb npn 10 cyuiKe ApeBOCHHbi τβοραβιχ Nopo, OSNA ^ aiomeH bbicokoh πποτηοοτβιο h paBHOMepHbiž nporpeB BHyTpeHHHX cjroeB κοτοροΗ 3aTpy ^ HEH. y ApeBOCHHbi ΤΒερΑΒίχ ποροΑ npn TeMnepaType neTpojiaryM 130-140 ° C HaGmo ^ aerca ^ pe3MepHO HHTeHCHBHoe napOBbmejHHe H3 BHyrpeHHHx cjioeB, κοτορΗβ ao Hanaji napoBbmejieHHa He ycneBaiOT nporpeTbca. Πρη 3tom KHHeTHHecKaa 15 3ΗβρπΐΗ BbwejiaeMbix ny3bipbKOB BJiaru HacTOJibKO BbicoKa, hto ohh pa3pbiBaiOT BHjrpeHHHe cjīoh apeBecHHbi, ato npHBOflHT κ BHyTpeHHeMy pacTpecKHBaHHio, o6pa30BaHHio pbitbhhok, paKOBHH BHyTpn apeBecHHbi b MecTax pa3pbiBa BOJIOKOH. Πρη cyniKe ApeBocHHbi b noTpoAaryMO Ηετκο BbipaaceHo ABa nepno ^ a 20 nponecca. B nepBOM nepno ^ e cyniKH b noBepxHOCTHbix 30Hax aohctbjtot pacTarHBaiomHe HanpaaceHHa, a bo BHyrpeHHeii 30He - OKHMaionme. Bo btopom nepnoAe HanpaaceHHa mohaiot cboh 3Haic. riocjieAyiomaa ιυΐ3ετΉφΗΚ3ΐΐΗίΐ noBepxHOCTHbix caoob nHJiOMaTepnajia, o6pa6oTaHHoro neTponaTyMOM, HanpaBJieHHaa Ha ycTpaneHHe οετατοΗΗΒΐχ 25 e.g. > KeHHH, Bbi3biBaiomHX pacTpecKHBaHna, b paHee H3BecTHbix cnoco6ax AOCTHrajiacb jih6o nyreM BbmepacKH ApeeecHHbi β ΑΓΜοεφερε HacbinioHHoro napa, jih6o nyreM ajihtεabhoro BbiAepxcHBaHHH ΑοετΗπηεΗ κοΗεηΗΟΗ BJiaacHOCTH ApeeocHHbi β πετροΑΒίγΜε npn τεΜπερΑΓ) φε οκοηηβηηη nponocca. Πρη cyniK8 ΑρεΒεεΗΗΗ paH88 Η3ΒεετΗΒΐΜΗ cnoco6aMH hm8hho 30 ΗερΒΒΗΟΜερΗοετΒ ρΒεπερεΑεπεΗΗΗ TOMnopaTypw n CBinaHHoro c Ηεκ b8jihhhhbi napuHajībHoro AaBJioHHa BbmejnreMofi BJiaru 6buih πρηαηηοη pa3pbma BHyTpOHHHX BOJIOKOH ApCBOCHHbl H BHJTTpOHHOrO paCTpOCKHBaHHB. 3 EN 13169 PACKPMTHE H30EPETEHHfl

HacToamee H3o6peTeHHe HanpaBJieHO Ha aocTHaceHHe peaoiMa cyuiKH, npn peajiH3aiļHH κοτοροΓΟ yaanocB 6m ycTpaHHTB ycjioBna Β03ΗΗΚΗ0ΒβΗΗΧ BHyrpeHHero pacTpecKHBaHHa BBicymHBaeMBix nHnoMaTepnanoB nyreM nO ^ aBJieHHH Hpe3MepHO HHTeHCHBHOrO nap006pa30BaHH3 BO BHyTpeHHHX CJIOXX ApeBecHHM b npouecce cyuiKH, oco6chho xapaKTepHoro πρκ cyniKe apeBecHHBi c bbicokoh HanajītHOH BJiaacHOCTLīo - nopanKa 80% h bmin a TAKÁCS npn cyuiKe flpeBeCHHBI ΤΒβρΛΗΧ Nopo · H3o6peieHHe HanpaBJieHO Ha aocTHaceHHe 6-one paBHOMepHoro pacnpeflejieHHa TeMneparypBi BHjopn apeBecHHti (b HanpaBJieHHH ee nonepenHoro ceneHHa) a 3ηηηητ h 6ojiee paBHOMepHoro pacnpeaejieHHa napHHajītHoro aaBJieHHa ot BHemHHx cjioee κ BHyTpeHHHM. B npeflJiaraeMOM cnoco6e BBicoKOTeMnepaTypHOH cjthkh apeBecHHBi nHHOMaTepHajiH yKJiaabiBaiOT b 3arpy30HHBiH KOHTeftHep b inTa6ejn >, onycKaK) T b pe3epByap c npeaBapHTejibHO pajorpeTtiM ρ, ο TeMneparypM 100-160 ° C neTpoJiaryMOM tack, htoSbi neTpojiaTyM nepeKpMBaji BepxHHH paa iīMJiOMaTepnanoB h BBiaepacHBaiOT b neTpojiaTyMe πρκ MaKCHMantHo aonycTHMOH TeMneparype cyuiKH aaHHoft Paste 6e3 BHyrpeHHero pacTpecKHBaHHa, ycTaHaBJiHBaeMoft 3ΜΠΗρΗΗεοκΗ, H3 aHana30Ha 100 - 160 ° C b TeneHHe BpeMeHH 4-24 Mac. b 33βηοημοοτη ot nopoati apeBecHHBi η τοχπηηηη paCIIHJlOBKH.

TeMnepaTypHi > ift anana30H b 3aaBJiaeMOM cnoco6e BBi6paH HCxo H3 cyanoioioHH coo6paaceHHft, noTBepacaeHHBix npaKTHKofi. 3KcnepHMeHiHiHo ycTaHOBJieHO, ητο πρκ noBBiuieHHH TeMnepaTypBi neTpoJiaTyMa Bbirne 160 ° C, b BBicymeHHBix nHJiOMaTepHajiax noaBJiaioTca Kax BHyTp6HHHC TaK H HapyaCHBie TpeiHHHBI. KpOMe ΤΟΓΟ, IipH ΠΟΒΒΙΙΗβΗΗΗ TeMnepaTypBi neTpojiary CBBime 160 ° C προκοχοΛΗΤ mrreHCHBHoe XHMHaecKoe pa3JioaceHHe (τεπποΒοκ pacnaa) apeBecHHBi, ητο πρηβολητ κ ποτερβ ee MexaHHHecKOH npoHHocni. B to ace BpeMa, ecjiH cyniKy Becra πρκ TeMneparype neTpojiaryMa HHace 100 ° C, the 6yaeT προκοχοΛΗΤΒ yace He cyniKa, a nponn-nca apeBecHHBi neTpojiaTyMOM, ητο βο μηογηχ cjiyHaax HeacejiarenBHo pjia nocaeayioiiļeH o6pa6oTKH BHcymeHHOH apeBecHHBi. Πρπ coxpaHeHHH TeMnepaTypBi cyKKH Ha 4 ypoBHe 100-160 ° C rny6HHa npoHHKHOBeHHH neTpONTyMe ApeBecHHy He npeBHiuaeT τοπιιιηηβι cjioh, o6bihho CHHMaeMoro rip nocjre ^ ioiue φyΓOBaHHH.

Bbi6paHHaa HHmiaa rpaHHua TeMnepaxypi > s at 100 ° C pa3orpeBa neTpoJiaTyMa jum Hanajia cyinKH ApeBecHHbi TBepAbix ποροΑ npeAOTBpamaeT 6ypHoe napoo6pa30BaHHe, κοτοροβ πρκ cyniKe paHee H3BecTHbiMH cnoco6aMH HMeiio MECT πρκ norpy > KeHHH h nanajie cyuiKH ΤΒβρΑΒίχ ποροΑ πρκ TeMnepaTypax neTpojiaīyMa Hani Bcero nopaAKa 130-140 ° C h conpoBoacAajiocb HHTeHCHBHbIM ΑΒΗΪΚβΗΗβΜ HaCTHA BJiarH, KHHTHTHHeCKOH BHeprHH KOTOpbIX OKa3bBajiocb aoctatohho AJia pa3pbiBa BHypeHHHX cjioee ApeBecHHbi, He ycneBiHHx ποιγηοοτβκ) nporpeTbca.

CorAacHO ace npeAJiaraeMOMy cnoco6y πρκ norpvaceHHH ApeBecHHbi ΤΒβρΑΒίχ ποροΑ c Toft ace ηβηβιιβηοη BAajKHOCTbio b neTpoAaTyM, pa3orpeTMH ao TeMnepaTypbi 100 ° C, HMeeT MECT MeHee HHTeHCHBHoe HanaAbHoe napoo6pa30BaHHe h BHjnrpeHHHM cjiohm yAaeTca ποχιηοοτβιο nporpeTbca 6e3 hx pa3pbiBa ny3bipbKaMH BbiAejiaeMOH BJiara, Tai Chi Kaici KHHeTHHecKaa 3Hepraa HacTHiļ BbiAeJiaeMofi BJiarH πρκ TeMnepaType 100 ° C 3HaHHTeAbHO HHace, neM πρκ TeMnepaType 130 h 140 ° C. YKa3aHHbiH mainHM npeAOTBpamaeT Hpe3MepHO HHTeHCHBHoe napoo6pa30BaHHe, β Toace BpeMa πρκ TaKOM headChMeCH BbipaBHHBaerca BbiAeAeHHe Bara H3 ΒΗβΐΗΗΗχ h BHyTpeHHHx cjioeB. 3a cneT 6oAee paBHOMepHoro pacnpeAejieHHa SununayHoro AaBJieHHa BbmeJiaeMOH BJiarn npopecc cyniKH ηαθτ 6oAee paBHOMepHO. Πρκ cyniKe ApeBecHHH TBepAbix ποροΑ (AYO, 6yx, βηιπηη, opex h Ap ·) corjiacHO 3aaBjiaeMOMy cnoco6y nniiOMaTepnaribi yKJiaAbiBaiOT Ha 3arpy30HH0H ιυΐ3τφορΜβ b HiTaSejib, onycKaK > T b pe3epeyap c neTpojiaTyMOM, pa3orpeTbiM ao TeMneparypbi 100 ° C, tack, ητο6βι neTpojiaTyM ποληοοτβκ) nepeKpbiBaji BepxHHH pflA TEMPORATIOnTiCe. After stirring norpyaceHHa nepBOHanajībHo BbiAepjKHBaioT nHAOMarepHaJībi πρκ AaHHoft TeMnepaType neTpojiaryMa b TeneHHe BpeMeHH, Heo6xoAHMoro jvia nojinoro nporpeea ao 100 ° C Bcefi tojilah ApeeecHHbi (nporpeBa Ha bcio rjiy6nHy pacnnJiOBKH) ycTaHaBJiHBaeMoro 3MnHpHHecKH h 3aBHcamero ot KOHKpeTHOH nopoAbi ApeBecHHbi, noAJieacameH cyuiKe h To; imHHbi pacnHAOBKH. 3MnHpHHecKH ycTaHOBaeHHbie AaHHbie o 5 EN 13169

BpeMeHH nonHoro nporpeBa ApeBecHHbi μηγκηχ η ΤΒβρΑΒίχ ποροΑ ao 100 ° C M κ Te κ M M M M M M M M M M M 100 ° C Ha bcio rjiy6HHy pacnHJioBKH npHBeaeHti b TaSnHue.

BpeMH nporpeea ApeBecnHbi Ha bcio TOJiIiHHy aO 100 ° C npn TeMnepaType neTpojYTyMiT 100 ° C, 1 ρ is £ 1 < u K < t > 0.020 Mancl / lHHHaAf 0.040 LOOHHBBHHB 0.055 M 0.100 TOJ 0.020 TeepAbie mIHH 55ρΟΑΒΙ ieBecHHbi 0.055, M 0.100 60% 30 50 80 145 40 85 110 235 70% 30 55 85 150 40 90 115 240 80% 35 60 90 150 45 90 120 240 5 3aTeM, nocne ποπηογο nporpeBa BHyrpeHHHx cnoeB ApeBecimibo ao 100 ° C,

TeMnepaTypy nOpTyTyMaNG HanHHaiOT nnaBHO noBbimaTb co CKopocTbio 05, -1.0 “C / nac. Elocjie AOCTHaceHHa MaKCHMajībHO AonycTHMOH TeMnepaTypu cyniKH naHHon noponti 6e3 pa3pbiBa BHyrpeHHnx bojiokoh, ycTaHaBJiHBaeMOH aMnnpHHecKH, bhobb npoAOAHcaiOT BbwepxcKy npn α ^ ηηοζ MaKCHManbHOH 10 TeMnepaType JLO οκοηηβηηα nponecca cyinKH. AHajiH3 npaKTHnecKHX pe3yjn > TaTOB cyniKH apeBecHHbi b pa3orpeTOM neTpojiaTyMe corjiacHO HacToameMy H3o6peTeHHio CBnaeTejn > CTByeT, hto, e.g. NPH CYMK ay6a BiiimeyKa3aHHaji μακοημβαβηο AonycTHMaa TeMnepaTypa neTpojiaīyMa, πρη κοτοροίί eine He προκοχοΑΗΤ pa3pbisa 15 BHyrpeHHHx bojiokoh η πρκ κοτοροΗ cJieAyeT npeKpaTHTB AaJībHežmee noBBimeHHe TeMnepaiypM, cocTaBjiaeT 115 ° C.

IlpeAJiaraeMbiH peacHM b cjiynae cyuiKH ApeBecHHbi τΒβρΑΗΧ ποροΑ, OJiaroAapa nporpeBy ApeBecHHbi Ha bcio rjiy6HHy pacnHJioBKH πρκ oTHOCHTejibHo HeBbicoKoS TeMneparype Ha nepBOHanaabHOM 3Tane cyuiKH 20 choir coAepxcaHHe Enar b ApesecHHe MaKCHMajībHO, b 3HanHTejibHOH mepe n03BOJiaeT BbipOBHHTb CKOpOCTb yAaJieHH "BJiarH, npeAOTBpaTHB Hpe3MepHO HHTeHCHBHOe nap006pa30BaHHe BO BHyipeHHHX CAOHX , η B Toace BpeMH CHH3HTb nJiacTHHecKHe noεφορινκίΗΗΗ pacTKMceHHa b noBepxHocTHbix cnoax 6 nHjIOMaTepnajia, hto o6ycjiaB; B nponecce yKa3aHHofi nepBOHanajīBHOH BbmepaocH πρκ ποοτοληηοη TeMnepaType 100 ° C BJiaacHOTN nNoMaTepnajiOB nocTeneHHo noHHHcaeTca, aaBJieHHe βοληηογο napa b SUPPLY apeBecHHbi na. HMeHHo pm noimep ^ caHHH "BHaceHHfl Bjiara H3 BHyTpeHHHx cjioee zipeBecHHbi Nocni nporpeea apeBecHHbi Ha bcio TOJiiiļHHy, XAX yKa3aHo Bbirne, HaHHHaiOT nnaBHo noBbimaTL · TeMnepaTypy neTpoiraTyMa co εκοροετΒίο 0.5-1.0 ° C / nat., C03AaBaa H36ī > rroHHoe naBjieHHe, Heo6xo ^ HMoe pm AJiBeinGeR BtmejieHHa Bjiara H3 npeBeeHHBi. B 3thx ηοββιχ ycjiOBHax, Korna Bnaroco ^ epMcaHHe HpeBeenHBi yace CHHaceHO h BHjopeHHHe cjioh noJiHOCTBio nporpeTH, nnaBHoe noBbimeHHe teMnepaiypb neTpOrTyMy yace He Bbi3biBaeT 6ypHoro napoo6pa30 BaHHH. KHHeTHHecKoS 3HeprHH BbmejiaeMoft Bjiara yxce OKa3biBaeTca HenocTaTonHo pm3pbiBa BHyTpeHHHx bojiokoh. BHyTpeHHero pacTpecKHBāHHa He προηεχοΛΗτ. B ΟΛΗοίί H3 pa3HOBHAHOCTež 3aHBjiaeMoro cnocoGa BBicoKOTeMnepaTypHOft cyniKH HpeBecHHbi, Biononaioinero BbnneyKa3aHHbie onepaHHH, b pe3epeyap c neTpojiaTyMOM ββολβτ b KOHueHipaiiHH 5-20% of MACC npeaBapHTeJibHO H3MejibHeHHbie, e.g. b BH ^ e nopoimca hjth b Βκηε τοηκηχ bojiokoh, nojiHMepbi, Tacna CEC KpeMHHHopraHHnecKHe, MenaMHH < j) opMajib, zienizlHi < ie, 3noKCHaBi-nonHypeTaHbi h apyrHe. HanSonee npezinoHTHTejibHBiM BapnaHTOM aejiaeTca BBeaeHne nojiHMepa, npeaBapHTenBHO H3MejiBHeHHoro no noponiKa. 3a εηετ εετεετΒεΗΗΟΗ bbicokoh u, HpKyjiau; nH nOpOrTyMaCeTeMnepaTypax BbmepacKH b hcm npeBecHHbi corjiacHO 3aaBJiaeMOMy cnoco6y (100 - 160 ° C) προκοχοΛΗΤ paBHOMepHoe pacnpeaejieHHe nacran; nojiHMepa from BceMy o6beMy neTpONTyMa bH ^ e B3BecH h hx nocjiayiomee ocaacAeHne no Bceft noBepxHOCTH npeBecHHbi b τεηεΗηε BpeMeHH BBmepacKH b neTponaTjTvie.

KpoMe τογο, πρκ o6pa30BaHHH B3Becn nojiHMepa b neTpojiaTyMe oTinG B33KOCTB neTpOrTiTy, no cpaeHeHHio c difference bh3koctbio πρκ τοh xce TeMiiepaType 6e3 nojiHMepa, noBBimaeTca. 3a CNET noBbimemM o6mež b "3kocth cpe ^ Bi (areHTa cyniKn) γρρετοχ CHH3HTL · ποηβη) κηοοτβ η KHHeTHHecKVK) 7 EN 13169 3HeprHio BbwejweMbix ny3bipbK0B BJiara, κοτοροκ, Kak CBHjD (eTejibCTByeT npaKTHKa, NPH toh ace TeMnepaType OKa3biBaeTca yace He ^ ocTaTOHHO pjisi pa3pbIBa BHyTpeHHHX ΒΟπΟΚΟΗ, ΖφβΒβΟΗΗΜ. TEM Cambes, BepOaTHOCTb BHyrpeHHero pacTpecKHBaHHH BbicymHBaeMOH apeBecHHbi eīpe Sojibiiie 5 cHHMcaeTca. Πο OKOHHaHHH ΒρβΜβΗΗ BblflepaCKH B CyniHJIbHOM areHTe B BHfle yKa3aHHoii B3B6CH, nocjie τογο, Kak neTpojiaiyMy ^ aioT CTE% H o6pa6oTaHHbix neTpojiaTyMOM nHjiOMaTepHajiax φopMHpyeτca noKpbrrae H3 HacTHp nojiHMepa, cuenjieHHbK c .apeBecnHofi hc neTpojiaryMHofi πηθηκοη 10 o6pa30BaHHoft Ha noBepxHocra. Πρκ nocneflyiomeM xpaHeHHH nHiioMaTepnajioB, b cjiynae npeBbimeHHa BJiaacHOCTbio OKpyacaK > Mero B03ayxa 3HaHeHHa BJiaacHocra of κοτοροΓο ocymecTBJWJiacb CYMK, οφορΜΗροΒ3ΗΗ3Η BbimeyKa3aHHbiM offset o6pa30M epxHOCTHaa njieHK nexpojia t hcTHiIlH nojiHMepa HCKjnoHaeT 15 noBTopHoe npoHHKHOBeHHe BJiara BHyrpb apeBecHHbi, no, zmepacHBaa ee aeŽCTBHTeJIbHO CyXOH. KpOMe ΤΟΓΟ, θφθρΜΗρθΒ3ΗΗΒ8 yKa3aHHbIM o6pa30M njieHKa Ha noBepxHOCTH apeBecHHbi, 6jiaro, AAPA HajiHHHio HacTHiļ nojiHMepa, KOTOpbie npn KOHTaKTe c OTKpbiTbiM nnaMeHeM pamiaBJiaioTca h o6pa3yiOT 3amHTHbifi cjioh, npenaTCTByeT npaMOMy KOHTaKiy njiaMeHH c h apeBecHHOH 20 aocTyny KHCJiopoaa noa o6pa30BaBineeca noKpbiTHe. Πρκ stom noBepxHOCTHaa njieHKa nThActIoN c nAcActIoN nItHMepa o6pa3yeT 3HTyMHHHCHeHTHoe noKpbiTHe, apeBecHHy TpyjiHoropK is administered.

ΗΑΗϋΥΗΠΙΗβ BAPHAHT OCyiU, ECTBJTEHHII H30EPETEHK5I

Hnace npHBejļeHbi ΗβκοτορΗβ KOHKpeTHbie npHMepbi ocyujecTBJieHHa 25 3aaBJiaeMoro cnoco6a BbicoKOTeMnepaTypHo0 cyiHKH jjpeBecHHbi, κοτορΒίε, Oaxaca, He orpaHHHHBaioT nepeneHb ecex B03MoacHbix peajiH3auH0 3aaBjiaeMoro cnoco6a.

I am. η m e p 1. flocKH 6yKOBbie athhoh 0.5 m, iiihphhoh 0.1 μ, tojiiuhhoh 0.03 mc HaHajibHOH BJiaacHOCTbK) 64%. CyuiKa ao κοηθηηοη BJiaacHocTH 30 10%. / 1ockh yKJAabBaiOT «Ha pe b» bh ^ g npaMoyrojibHoro irraGen Ha πο / moH 3arpy30HHoro KOHTeftHepa, ycTaHaBJiHBaa Meamy itocKaMH aepeBaHHbie 8 nioi ^ ^ KH egg yolk 15-20 mm. ra6apHTHi > ie pa3Mepw 3arpy30HHoro KOHTeftHepa h KOTJia BbiGupaioT TaKHMH, πρΗ κοτορΒίχ oGecneHHBaeTca CBOE ^ Hoe norpy) KeHHe KOHTeftHepa b pe3epeyap c neTpoaaTyMOM h nepeKptiTHe cjioeM neTponaTyMa BepxHero pana nocoK He MeHee «km Ha 20 cm, a Han noBepxHocTbio neTpojiaiyMa of eepxa KOTJia ocraeTca ceoGonHoe npocTpaHCTBO BbicoToft He MeHee 90 cm (nna HCKmoHeHHa BbnuiecKHBaHHa o6pa3yiomeftca πρκ cyuiKe neHbi). C noMombio nojībeMHoro MexaHH3Ma, e.g. aneicrpoTejibiļiepa, 3arpy30HHbift KOHTeftHep c yno »ceHHbiMH Ha hem nHJioMaTepHajiaMH noflHHMaioT h onycKaiOT of ποπηογο norpyxceHHa b pe3epeyap c neTponaryMOM, npeABapHTeJibHO pa3orpeTbiM of TeMneparypbi 115 ° C, h BbinepncHBaioT πρκ yKa3aHHoft TeMnepaType b TeneHHe 18 nat, nocjie nero naioT neTpoJiaTyMy crenb. Ļ p η μ e p 2. / ithKH ay6oBbie / uHHoft 1.0 m, inHHHoft 0.2 m, TOJinmHoft

0. 05 m c HanajībHoft BjiaacHOCTbio 60%. CyuiKa no KOHHHoft BJiaacHocTH 9%. , Z1ockh fly6oBbie, yHoaceHHbie aHanorHHHO TOMy, KaK H3JioaceHO b npHMepe 1, onycKaiOT b pe3epByap c neTpojiaTyMOM, npenBapHTejibHo pa3orpeTbiM no TeMnepaTypbi 100 ° C, h Bbmep > KHBaK) nna ποπηογο nporpeBa ny6oBoft npeBecnHbi Ha bcio ee TOjnnHHy. 3aieM nnaBHO noBbimaioT TeMnepaTypy neTpojiaTyMa co cKopocTbio 1 ° C / nat from HOCTHHceHHa TeMnepaTypož neTpojiaTyMa 115 ° C, nocjie nero npeKpamaiOT nanbHeftmee noBbimeHHe TeMnepaTypbi h nponojDKaioT cymKy, BbmepHCHBaa Hockh b neTpojiaTyMe πρκ 115 ° C for 5 TeneHHe int. OGmee BpeMH cymKH πρκ 3tom cocTaBJiaeT 24 nac. Π P Η M e P 3. JoyCKH COCHOBbie HJIHHOft 3m, HIHpHHOft 0.1 5m, TOJIHELHHOf 0. 05 m c HanajībHoft BnancnocTbio 60%. CyniKa no KOHenHoft BJiaacHOCTH 8%. / tocKH cocHOBbie, yjioaceHHbie aHanorHHHO TOMy, KaK H3noaceHO b npHMepe 1, onycKaiOt b pe3epeyap c neTponaTyMOM, npenBapHTejibHo pa3orpeTbiM no TeMneparypbi 140 ° C, h BbinepacuBaioT πρκ yKa3aHHoft TeMnepaType b TeneHHe 5 nacoB. 3aTeM naiOT neTponaryMy crenb. Πρημ6ρ 4. J3, ockh 6epe30Bbie nnHHoft 1m, uihphhoB 0.12m, TOJiinHHoft 0.04m c HanajībHoft BJiaacHocTbio 50%. CyuiKa no KOHenHoft enaacHocTH 12%. 9 EN 13169 JJockh 6epe30Bbie yKJianbroaK) T b ΒΗ, αε np «MoyrojibHoro urraOejia Ha ποΛΛΟΗ 3arpy30HHoro KOHTeHepa, ycTaHaBJiHBaa MeMc ^ y nocicaMH .aepeBaHHbie nPOKJiajņai munhhhhoh 15-20 mm. 3aTeM 3arpy30HHbifi κοΗτεκΗερ c yjioxceHHbiMH Ha hem 6epe30BbiMH flocKaMH norpyxcaioT b pe3epeyap c neTpojiaTyMOM 5 npeflBapHTejibHO pa3orpeTbiM of TeMnepaTypbi 130 ° C, h BbmepacHBaiOT npn yica3aHHoft TeMnepaType b Tenemie 5 nacoB, nocjie Hero naioT neTpoJiaTyMy CTeHb. Cnoco6 oOecneHHBaeT paBHOMepHoe BbicbixaHHe 6epe30Bbix nocoK from BceMy ceneHHK). ripHMeP 5 ΟΛΗΗΜ H3 B03M0MCHbDi npaKTHHeCKHX npHnoaceHHH 10 npeAnaraeMoro cnoco6a BbicoKOTeMneparypHOH cyuiKH npeBecHHbi HBJiseTca cyinKa npeBecHHbi TBep.zn.ix nopon, e.g. H3 fly6a, NPE, zma3HaHeHHOH nosedived ΟΠβΙΪΗφΗΗβΟΚΟΓΟ npHMeHeHHa, ΟΤΠΗΗΗΟΓΟ OT o6bIHHOro CTpOHTeJIbCTBa. YKa3aHHaa pa3HOBH, zmocTb 3aaBJiaeMoro cnoco6a Μθ) κετ 6brrb npHMeHeHa npn cymKe npeBecHHbi, njiaHHpyeMOH λπη Hcnojib30BaHH «b pecTaBpanHOHHbK 15 paOtHiHiHiYi ημμητβηηη« non CTapHHy ».

IlHJiOMaTepHajībi H3 ny6a norpyxcaioT b neTpojiaryM, pa3orpeTbm of TeMnepaTypbi b ziHana30He 120-135 ° C, from h / mepzKHBaioT 3anaHHyio Bbi6paHHyio TeMnepaTypy 6e3 nocjienyioinero ee noBbimeHHa b τεπεΗΗε ECER BpeMeHH cymKH, cocTaBJiaioiiieM b naHHOM cjiynae 8 int. B τοιιιιιε (bo BHyTpeHHHx 20 cjioxx) nHJioMaTepHajiOB H3 ny6a προκεχοηπτ JioicajībHbiH pa3pbiB bojiokoh b BHZie pbITBHHOK, paKOBHH, ΠΟ CBOefi φορΜε HanOMHHaiOinHH CJienbl, ocTaBJiaeMbie b τοπιρε npesecHHbi npeBecHbiMH nepBHMH. Oxygen c 3τημ ΗΜεετ Μεετο H3MeHHe OKpacKH apeBecHHbi ny6a, toh κοτοροκ 3aBHCHT ot BbiSpaHHoro 3HaHeHHa TeMnepaiypbi (neM Bbime 3HaneHHe TeMnepaTypbi H3 25 yKa3aHHoro nHana30Ha, τεΜ CBeTJiee hu OKpacKH). nojiyHaeMbiH ρεετ 6jih30k k HBeTy MopeHoro ny6a. ΠΡΟΜΗΙΐυΐΕΗΗΑΗ IIPHMEHHMOCTL ·

BapnaHTbi ocymecTBJieHHa HacTouple Η3θβρετεΗΗχ npHMeHHMbi bo Bcex o6jiacTax, rc Hcnojib3yeTca cyuiKa npeBecHHbi, 6e3 KaKHX-nn6 orpaHHHeHHfi. 30 Ip cpaBHeHHio c hH HHBCTHbiMH cnoco6aMH npennaraeMbm cnoco6 BbicoKOTeMnepaTypHOH cymKH ηρβΒεεΗΗΜ Μθ > κετ 6biTb chinH30BaH b toE ace hjih naxce b 6ojiee ιιΐΗροκοίί oOjiacTH npaKTHHeKoro npHMeHeHHaHor npHMeHeHHa. 10 LV 13169

ΦΟΡΜΥΛΑ H30BPETEHHH 1 Cnoco6 BHcoKOTeMnepaTypHOH cymKH npeBOCHHbi, npn κοτοροΜ nHJioMaTepHajībi yKJianbiBaiOT b 3arpy30HHbift KOHTeftHep b niTaOejib, onycKaiOT b pe3epeyap c nponBapHTejibHO pa3orpeTtiM neTpojiaTyMOM h BbmepjKHBaiOT b 5 ropBHeM nenponaTyMe β τεηεΗκε ΒρεΜεΗΗ oyinKH, a 3aTeM naiOT nexponaTyMy ετεπι ,, oTJiHHaioinHHCH τεΜ, Ητο Bbraep) KKy b neTpojiaryMe ocymecTBjiaiOT npn MaKCHMajibHO nonycTHMofi τεΜπερη ^ ε cyuiKH naHHoft noponbi, yoTaHaBJiHBa8Moft 3ΜΠΗρηηεεκΗ, b nHana30H0 TeMnepaTyp neTpoJyTyTy 100 - 160 ° C β τεηεΗπε 4-24 nac. b 3aBHCHMOCTH οτ noponbi 10 flpeBecHHbi η τοπιηηηβι pacnHJioBKH.

2 Cnoco6 BbicoKOTeMnopaTypHofi cyuiKH npeBOCHHbi of nyHKTy 1 OTJiHHaiomHHCi τεΜ, Ητο ποοπε nepBOHanajībHOH Bbinep > KKH npn T8Mnepaxype n8TpojiaTyMa b 100 ° C β τεηεΗκε ΒρεΜεΗΗ nporp8Ba Bcefi tojiuīh npeB8CHHbi of TeMnepaTypbi 100 ° C, TeMnepaTypy neTpoJiaTyMa nnaBHO 15 noBbnnaiOT co εκοροετΒίο 0.5 - 1.0 "C / nac. from MaKCHMajibHO nonycTHMoft TeMnepaTypbi cyniKH naHHoS noponbi, ycTaHaBJiHBaeMOH οΜΠΗρκηεεκΗ, c nocjiayioineH BbinepacKoS npn naHH MaMCHMaMeHOH TeMnepaiype from OKOHnaHHa nponeoca cyniKH. 3 Cnoco6 BbicoKOTCMnepaTypHOH cyuiKH npoBecHHbi of nyHKTy 1 20 hjih 2 OTnnnaiomHHca τεΜ, ητο of Hannan nponocca cyuiKH b po3opeyap c noTponaiyMOM ββοπητ H3MonbH8HHbin ποπκΜερ npn coothouiohhh nojiHMepa h neTponaTyMa b nnana30H8 5-20% Macc, a 3aTOM BbinepacHBaioT ηρεΒεεΗΗν b naHHoft ερεηε. 11 EN 13169 3 H3o6peTeHHe othochtch k cnoco6aM BbicoKOTeMnepaTypHoft cyniKHMeBecHHBi b ΓΗΑροφοβΗί, ιχ »HflKOCTax, b HacTHOCTH κ cnoco6aM BHCOKOTeMnepaTypHOH cyuiKH apeBecHHBi bTNeTeTeMe. Bbi, aep5KKy b neTPeMe ocyin; ecTBjwK) T πρκ μβκοημβπβηο aonycTHMOH TeMnepaType cyniKH flaHHoft ποροΛΗ. Πρκ cyniKe apeBecHHM TBepflbix Nopo nepBOHaHajībHO ramoMarepKajībi BtmepacHBaiOT πρκ TeMneparype neTpojiaTyMa 100 ° C of nojmoro nporpeBa Bcefi TOjmļH / jpeBecHHbi (nporpeBa Ha bcio niy6HHy pacnHJioBKH) ycTaHaBJiHBaeMoro ομπηρηηθοκη h 3aBncamero ot burns apeBeCHHM H TOJimHHBI paCIIHJIOBKIĪ. B flajIbHeftlHeM nJiaBHO nOBBIMOTS TeMnepaTypy neTpojiaTyMa co εκοροετΒΚ) 0.5-1.0 ° C / Hac, npe / iOTBpama Hpe3MepHO 6ypHoe napoo6pa30BaHHe Ha HaHantHOM 3Tane, Kor ^ a BJiarocoflepsKaHHe apeBecHHti μηκοημοπβηο. 3aTeM bhobb npojojiMcaioT BtmepKKy πρκ ποοτοαηηοη TeMnepaType, ho yace Ha 6ojiee bmcokom ypoBHe. ripeAJiaraeMbffl TeMnepaTypHbift peacHM cjthkh oOecnenHBaeT 6oJiee paBHOMepHoe pacnpeflejieHHe napunajībHoro ztaBjieHHfl b HanpaBJieHHH Notify K ΒΗβΙΗΗΗΧ CJIOeB BHJTpeHHHM Η II03B0JIfleT BMpOBHiīTb CKOpOCTb y S (aJieHHX BJiara H3 H3 noBepxHOCTHbix η BHyrpeHHHX cnoeB, & gt npeAOTBpamaa βο3μο, κηοοτβ pa3pbiBa BHyTpeHHHx bojiokoh apeBecHHbi.

Claims (3)

EN 13169 DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION 1. The high-temperature wood drying method in which the lumber is stacked in a container is immersed in a reservoir with preheated petrolatum and maintained in a hot petrolatum for the time required for drying, then allowing the petrolatum to drain, which is distinguished by the fact that the wood is cured at petrolatum at maximum allowable drying temperatures for the relevant tree species in petrolatum in the temperature range of 100-160 ° C for 4-24 hours depending on the species of wood and thickness of lumber. 2. The method of drying wood at high temperature according to claim 1, characterized in that after the initial petrolatum at a temperature of 10 100 ° C, while the wood is heated to 100 ° C throughout the thickness, the temperature in the petrolatum is gradually increased at a rate of 0.5. - 1.0 ° C per hour until the maximum allowable drying temperature for the relevant species is reached, then sticking the wood to this maximum temperature until the end of drying. A method for drying wood in high temperature according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that up to 5-20% by weight of the crushed polymer relative to petrolatum is introduced into the container with petrolatum at the beginning of the drying process, and then the wood is maintained in this medium. 20