LV12760A - Transmission system of telemetric information - Google Patents

Abstract

The transmission system of telemetric information is foreseen for collection of various data from supervised or guarded objects, processing and transmission thereof over a radio channel to the end user. The applicability of the system by invention is universal, the field of application of the system includes obtaining on-line information about the guarded object, in particular guarding networks, observation of mobile objects, gathering of telemetric information from different monitoring devices, such as various alarm signalling devices, heat meters, gas meters, electrical installations etc. The system is an autonomous bilevel structure consisting of transmitters 2 (RD) mounted on the objects, at least three radio re-transmiters 1 (RTR) exercising gathering of telemetric information from the objects' RD (2), processing thereof, and mutual exchange of the gathered information, and at least one terminal (3) connected to one of the RTR (1). Thus, a single information area comes into existence that contains all the information gathered by RTR (1) from the objects' RD (2). Each RTR (1) has an information output providing access to all the information present in the network when connected with a personal computer (PC) or terminal (3) equipped with proper software. Fig.1 shows the reciprocal displacement of system's units and schematic diagram of radio communication therebetween.

Description

LV 12760

Telemetry information transmission system

Description of the invention

SfSra »to which the invention relates The present invention, a telemetry information transmission system (hereinafter referred to as the System), refers to radio electronics and is intended for the collection and transmission of telemetric information over a radio channel. The system is a network for collecting data from objects in the service area for processing and transmission to the end user via radio channel. The use of the system is universal: it is the acquisition of operational information about the protected objects (technical fire safety surveillance and security network), which includes the observation of moving objects, the collection of telemetric information from a wide range of control devices (various alarm sensors, heat meters, gas meters, energy devices) etc.).

Prerequisites for creating an invention

There are various systems for collecting information about the condition of objects being observed, where different sensors are deployed in the object, triggering changes in the set parameters (smoke, temperature, combined, motion, etc.) and transmit the signal to the central monitoring station. There are basically systems that transmit signals through telephone communication channels. The disadvantage of such systems is low reliability because the operation of the system depends on the existence of telephone communication and there is no possibility to control the capacities of the sensors.

Also known are systems in which the signal transmission from the transducers takes place via a radio channel, for example the alarm system described in U.S. Patent No. 5,148,148, in which the signal from the object sensors to the central station is transmitted over the radio channel. The disadvantage of such a system is the low signal transmission distance or the need to use powerful object transmitters that significantly increase the cost of the system. This problem is addressed by intermediate or repeater stations that receive signals from the object transmitters and transmitted to the central station, for example, in an alarm transmission system that encrypted the US patent 4358756. This system consists of a set of primary sensors triggering the status of the monitored objects. , a set of autonomous receivers that receive signals from transducers, and a central station that registers and processes signals coming from said receivers. In addition, each receiver reacts only to signals coming from a particular area. The disadvantage of this system is the low reliability because, when leaving one of the receivers, the central station does not receive signals from the entire area served by this receiver. The purpose of the invention is to increase the security of such Systems.

The stated objective is achieved in such a way that the telemetry information transmission system has an autonomous two-tier structure consisting of object-based transmitters (RD) and at least three transponders (RTRs) that collect telemetric information from the RD object, process and exchange it with the collected data. information between each other and at least one terminal connected to one of the RTRs.

The RTRs mentioned include: - means for direct reception of radio signals that receive messages from the object RD; means for processing object RD signals to process information received from direct reception means and formatted data packet for transmission over the air in the RTR data exchange channel; - The means of exchanging information between the RTRs, which transmit the information collected by the means of capture, the information on the status of the RTR and the perception information from other RTRs working on the network; - means for processing signals to process data collected by other RTRs received from the exchange channel; - means of communication with the terminal for the continuous transmission of data to a terminal connected to the given RTR and to continuously monitor the state of the terminal connected to the RTR.

These RTRs also include a self-synchronization system to ensure that RTR goes off in the air. All information collected from the RD object during one cycle transmits each RTR to one data block in its strictly allocated time interval. These means for processing object RD signals include means for measuring the signal level to measure the level of message sent by the RD of each object, to convert it to digital for transmission in the RTR exchange channel, and to measure the background level at intervals between the object's RD broadcasts, determine its mean value, and transform said average digital background for transmission in the RTR exchange channel. In the proposed Telemetry Information Transmission System, all RD objects are designed to work in a single frequency channel in signal packet transmission mode, with a packet duration of no more than 0.0001 from the object's RD off-period. In order to optimize the operation of the system, the RTR and object RD in the Telemetry Information System offered are arranged so that the RD signal of each object can be received by at least two RTRs, and the RTRs of said RTR objects are able to process the information coming from the direct by means of the "own - foreign", "strong - weak" feature.

Description of attached drawings 1st z. depicting the arrangement of the system parts and the organization of their mutual radio communication. 2nd Zlm. depicts information exchange scheme in the system. a brief description of the system

The system has an autonomous (non-operator) two-tier structure consisting of several (up to 15) transponders (2) (RTRs) that collect information from object transmitters RD (2) (first level), process it and exchange information with it (second level). In this way, a single information space is created containing all the information collected by RTR (1) from RD (2). Each RTR (1) has an information outlet that allows you to access all the information on the System by adding a PC equipped with software. Without RTR (1), access to a common information space is possible through an unlimited number of terminals (3), which are only receiving devices operating on the second level (terminals (3) do not participate in the exchange of information between RTR (1), they only receive from RTR (1). ) data they have collected from RD (2).

All RTRs (1) are equipped with a self-synchronization system, i.e., they pass over the air each time, in a strictly defined time interval and in one data block, transmitting all the information collected from the RD (2) during the cycle. If one or more RTRs (1) leave (or are excluded), the self-synchronization system will continue to operate, and each RTR (1) will go out strictly according to its assigned number. The introduction of a self-synchronization system has made it possible to make the network autonomous, i.e. the network retains its operational capability regardless of the individual state of the RTR (1) and the "participation" of any control center.

A different feature of the transponders is that they have a system to measure the level of signals coming from the object RD (2) as the level of the background (interference) at the location of the RTR (1). This system makes it possible to significantly simplify the work of the assembly teams by selecting the RD (2) installation site at facility 3 from the point of view of the optimal spread of radio signals, as well as to assess the state of already installed RD (2), antennas and feeder equipment.

Description of the preferred embodiment of the proposed invention

First level

The transmission of information at the first level is done by the transmitter RD (2) of the TR-711 type object, which is the original design. It is designed for surface mounting (SMD) technology with small dimensions but high technical characteristics. in particular, the very small time at which RD (2) is on the air is 47 ms. Such a low exit time allows you to reach a large system capacity while maintaining the probability of the characteristics at 10'7.

Transmitters RD (2) have several potential inputs for connecting different sensors, as well as a serial information port operating in RS-232 format. The presence of this port allows you to connect RD (2) to many different devices, for example, using RD (2) in a fire safety monitoring network, it can be connected to different panels with serial output (for example, manufactured by PHOTAIN CONTROLS, CERBERUS, BENTEL, ESMI) panels), but can be connected via security network (eg panels ESPRIT 728/738/748 manufactured by PARADOX SECURITY SYSTEM), etc.

The transmitter RD (2) provides the possibility to program its network number, has a 220V network voltage control system, as well as a system for evaluating the battery discharge level of the backup power supply.

One of the modifications of the RD (2) has the possibility to connect up to seven security panels installed in different objects through a special expansion plate. In addition, each guarded object is assigned its own number on the central security station, as if a separate RD (2) was installed on the site. In this way, it is possible to significantly reduce costs by connecting objects such as garage cooperatives, multi-apartment buildings, etc. to the security system. The information from the object RD (2) is received by the direct receiver unit in the RTR (1). The description of the direct capture block is given below. 4 LV 12760

Second level

The second level of the system is the transponder RTR (1), which consists of several functionally completed blocks.

Direct Receiving Block: • Constantly receives messages from RD (2). This block is a high-quality receiver with excellent dynamic characteristics that allows the loss of information transmitted by RD (2) without loss. In each RTR (1) it is possible to install several (up to 10) direct capture blocks operating at different frequencies.

Interchange Unit: • Displays the information gathered by the direct access block (s) in the exchange channel. • Displays information on the “own” RTR (1) status (opening of the housing, loss of 220V network voltage, battery discharge) in the exchange channel. • Captures information from other RTRs (1) running on Schla. This block is a digital information receiver / transmitter with electronic antenna input switching with excellent transition characteristics and low nonlinear distortion ratio.

Wall Processing Unit (Digital Block) This is a high-speed micro ESM that performs a number of functions required for RTR (1) operation. When working on the first level, the block: • Processes information that comes from the direct block (s) and forms the data packet for transmitting over the air in the RTR (1) exchange channel. • Measure the signal level of each object's RD (2) message by converting it into a digital transmission for RTR (1). • Measure the background (interference) level between the RD (2) object for broadcasts by averaging and converting this parameter to digital. • To optimize the operation of the system, process information coming from the direct capture block (s), by means of "own - foreign", "strong - weak". 5

When working on the second level, the block: • Provides the information block collected from RD (2) to the exchange block at the required moment. • Captures and processes data collected by other RTRs (1). • Provides continuous data transfer to PC connected to this RTR (1). • Continuous control of the state of the PC connected to this RTR (1). In case of a program failure or a computer failure, the information is rejected in the exchange channel. • Controls the operation of your own RTR (1) self-synchronization system on a common network. • Evaluates the status of the 220V network, the degree of battery discharge in the backup power system, controls unauthorized access to hardware that generates special signals for transmission over the exchange network.

Power supply unit with backup power supply: • Provides power supply to all units in the RTR (1) or terminal assembly, recharges the backup power supply battery, automatically connects consumers to the backup power supply, and the 220V mains voltage disappears. Designed for long-term operation in the temperature range -35 ° C to + 70 ° C at 75% relative humidity. Does not interfere with receivers in RTR (1) or terminal.

Antenna and Feeder Device Selection of the type of antenna to be used in the network is determined by the minimization of information loss in the radio tract, especially in the first level (especially due to the fact that, for objective reasons, the antennas of the objects RD (2) are often installed from the radio waves not optimally. dissemination). Collector antenna (2 x 5 / 8L) with 8 dB amplification is used to collect information from RD (2). The manufacturer accurately tunes the antennas to the customer's frequency. The RTR (1) uses “Ground Plain” antennas for its exchange. These antennas have a relatively low price and at the same time have good characteristics to provide a secure communication channel between the RTR (1). 6 LV 12760

The choice of the type of radio frequency cable to be used is based on the consideration of minimal attenuation and depends on the length of the leader. Mostly, the cable is used with characteristics no worse than cable PK 50-7-11.

Physical Aspects of System Operation As has already been said, the network is a two-tier system. At the first level, data is collected from object transmitters (RD) in retransmitters (RTRs), and on the second level there is an exchange of information collected between RTRs (1). Each level is assigned its own simplex communication channel. Radio network work experience has shown that from the point of view of reaching the maximum radio communication distance in the city conditions, the optimal frequency range for transmission of information from the object is 146 - 174 MHz. Data exchange between transponders can take place in any of the three frequency ranges: 33-58 MHz, 146-174 MHz, 440-470 MHz. In addition, it should be late that RTR (1) should be installed on the second level so that everyone can see everyone else.

The maximum radius of the radio communication in the range of the VHF, taking into account the curvature of the Earth's surface, is calculated by the formula: D = 4.23 ^ hl + h2 km, where hl and h2 are the heights of the communication antennas in meters. In addition, the coefficient 4.23 takes a late increase in the radius of radio communications by 30% for phenomena such as refraction, diffraction, and so on. because of. The formula does not take into account local surface relief, building conditions, meteorological conditions, etc.

It follows that the antenna of the first level receiving device and the second level receiving / transmitting device is preferably raised as high as possible, but preferably the receiving / transmitting apparatus is positioned as close to the antenna as possible, as the frequency cable is weakened.

Data between the transponders is transmitted in the standard ΜΟΒΙΤΕΧ using the packet modem GMSK. To ensure the probability of an exchange error 10'7, the RTR (1) receiving - transmitting antennas must be positioned at a height of not less than 25 m and a distance of up to 20 km between them. Up to 15 RTRs can be installed on the network, each with its own number. The order in which the RTR (1) transmits is determined by the self-synchronization scheme.

Each RTR (1) contains an information receiver from the object RD (2). RD (2) performs asynchronous transmission in pseudo-randomized sequence (PRS). Information is transmitted via FFSK modem. The communication distance on the first level is also determined by the height of the receiving antenna and the installation conditions of the RD (2), for example: on what floor is it installed, what are the building conditions, or are there iron structures, etc. near the 7 antennas? As an example: if the height of the receiving antenna is 36 m and the RD (2) of the object is mounted in the “lm” height, and the terrain is flat (there is neither elevation nor cavity) then the distance of the radio communication will be about 25 km. In an urban environment, this distance can be significantly reduced.

System Benefits: 1. Increased System Security: • One RTR (1) leaving the system does not cause the System to fail; • When broadcasting broadcasts on each other's objects RD (2), it does not cause loss of messages because the level of reception of different RD (2) signals in different RTRs (1) is different; • The system has self-control, i.e., control of the performance of all objects RD (2), RTR (1) and connected PCs. Information about leaving individual elements out of the system goes into the system; 2. Information may be collected from moving objects; 3. It is also possible to transmit information from the System also in general use networks such as paging network, GSM network of mobile phones, etc. 4. No data exchange at the first level; it reduces the time spent on the air and reduces the cost of the subscriber kit.

Any RTR (1) can be connected to a personal computer (PC) to process the information that this RTR has received at the first level and, in addition, through the second level of information that other RTRs have received at the first level. Data from the RTR is transmitted at a speed of 19200 bits / s up to 2 km across the physical cable.

It is possible to receive information from the network through a remote second level terminal. It only has a device for reception that allows you to receive information that all RTRs have received at the first level. 8

Claims (5)

The Invention Patent of the Invention is provided by the following invention formula. 1. A telematic information transmission system having an autonomous two-lens structure consisting of object-based transmitters (RD), from at least three transponders (RTRs) that collect telemetric information from an RD object, process it and exchange the collected information with each other, and at least one terminal connected to one of the RTRs; in addition, said RTR comprises: - means for receiving direct radio signals that receive messages from the object RD; • means for processing object RD signals to process information from direct reception means and a formatted data packet for transmitting over the RTR data exchange channel; - means for exchanging information between RTRs that transmit information collected by means of interception in the exchange channel, information on RTR status, how information from other RTRs working in the network is perceived; - means for processing signals to process data collected by other RTRs received from the exchange channel; means for communicating with the terminal to continuously transmit data to a terminal connected to the given RTR and to continuously monitor the state of the terminal connected to this RTR. 2. A telemetry information transmission system according to claim 1, characterized in that said RTR also includes a self-synchronization system to provide RTR off-line transmission and to ensure that each RTR transmits all the information within a single time frame within a strict time frame. collected during cycle from object RD. 3. A telemetric information transmission system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that means for processing object RD signals include means for measuring the signal level to measure the level of message sent by the RD of each object to be digitized for transmission in the RTR exchange channel, and to measure the background level at intervals between 9 object RD transmissions, determine its mean value, and convert said background level digitally for transmission in the RTR exchange channel. 4. A telemetric information transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that all the RD objects are designed to operate in a single frequency channel in signal packet transmission mode, the packet duration of which is no greater than 0, 0001 from the object's RD exit period. 5. A telemetric information transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the RTR and the object RD are arranged so that at least two RTRs of each object can be received by the RTR, in order to optimize the operation of the system by said RTR means. The RF signal processing also includes means for processing information that comes from direct reception means, as indicated by "own - foreign", "strong - weak". 10