LV11363B - Turbine - Google Patents

Description

LV 11363

Typ6nHa

OriMcaHMe M3o6peTeHMsi Ιΐ3θ6ρβτθΗΜθ OTHOCMTca κ KOHCTpyKunaM τγρόΜΗ, npeo6pa3yiomMx ΘΗβρπιιο flBM)KyinMxca BOflbi, ra3a, napa m eeTpa b SHeprara Bpamaiomerocn poTopa Typ6nHbi. M3BecTHbi cnocočbi τθκογο npeo6pa30BaHMn, npn KOTopbix o6mee qna Bcex M3BecTHbix KOHCTpyKiļnii /EC3, t.6, 1971, οτρ.13/ ηΒηηβτοη HenoflBM>KHoe pacnonoaceHMe conna μπμ rpynnbi conen OTHocmenbHO Bpamaromerocn poiopa, b pe3ynbTaTe nero, xax μ3βθοτηο, KMHeMaTMHecKaa SHeprua CTpyn, ncxoflaiuaa M3 conen, m c onpejqeneHHoii CKopocTbio HanpaBneHHaa Ha nonaTKM poiopa Typ6nH, oTflaeTca nonaTKaMu npn πμηθμηομ ckopoctm nonaTOK, paBHoii Hynio. B cnyMae, ecnn CKopocTb CTpyn MeHbiue μπμ paBHa ckopoctm nonaTOK, SHepmn CTpyn ηθ nepenaeTca Typ6nHe. Ecnn 3Ta CKopocTb 6onbiue ckopoctm nonaTOK Typ6MHbi, nocneflHeii nepepaeicn 3Heprnn cipyM, nponopuMOHanbHaa KBaqpaTy pa3H0CTM CKopocieii CTpyM m OKpyxHOM ckopoctm nonaTOK. ΚροΜβ 3τογο, npM ΡΒΜ)κθημμ CTpyM M3 conen Kopnyca nocnejņHMe McnbīTbiBaiOT ot CMnbi, προτΜΒΟποποκΗοίί ee ΑΒΜΧθΗΜίο, Harpy3KM 6ecnone3Hbie qnn yBenMHeHMa Kpymmero MOMeHTa poTopa m HanpaBneHHbie Ha pecpopMauMK) Kopnyca Typ6MHbi. CnepoBaTenbHO HenonHOTa OTflaHM κμηθτμηθοκομ SHeprMM CTpyM nponopuMOHanbHa Macce cTpyM m KBaqpaTy pa3H0CTM Me*fly CKopocTbio CTpyM m 0KpyxH0M CKopocTbto nonaTOK poTopa. TaK npM ckopoctm CTpyM 150 μ/οθκ npM pMaMeTpe poTopa 500 mm μ ημοπθ οβοροτοΒ poTopa 1000 o6./mmh. 3Ta HenonHOTa coct3bmt 29,0 % , a npM HMcne οβοροτοΒ 3000 Οδ./ΜΜΗ. OHa C0CT3BMT 76,6 % OT ΠΟΠΗΟΜ ΚΜΗβΤΜΗβΟΚΟΜ 3ΗβρΓΜΜ CTpyM. LļenbK) Μ3θ6ρβτβΗΜη «Βπηβτοη C03naHMe KOHCTpyKUMM τγρδΜΗω, rpe 6bi npM nio6bix οκοροοτηχ CTpyM m OKpy>KHOM ckopoctm nonaTOK TypčMHbi HenonHOTa OTflanM κμηθτμηθοκομ aHeprMM CTpyM m OKpyxHOM ckopoctm nonaTKM Typ6MHbi HenonHOTa οτρβΗΜ κμηθτμηθοκομ θηθργμμ CTpyM Typ6MHe, 3aBMcniuan ot pa3HMUbi οκοροοτβίί ra3a M3 conna m nonaTOK Typ6MHbi, 6bina 6bi 6nM3Ka κ Hymo. AHanorM npepno>KeHHoro τθχημηθοκογο peiueHMn HeM3BecTHbi. riocTaBneHHaa uenb nocTMraeTca τθμ, hto nonaTKM poTopa Typ6MHbi nonapHO pacnonoraioTcn Ha nMaMeTpanbHo npoTMBonono>KHbix cTopoHax poTopa, conna nonapHO pacnonaraiOTcn KacaTenbHO κ τρββκτορΜΜ ΠΒμχθημη ueHTpoB nonaTOK, HanpaBnnn CTpyM nnn BpameHMn ροτοροΒ b οαηομ HanpaBneHMM, Kopnyc Ka*noro conna nepe3 2 flByxnneHMx pbinara, coenMHeHHbix nocneflOBaTenbHO, cBn3aH TonbKO c flMaMeTpanbHo προτΜΒΟποηωκΗοίί nonaTKofi, nyTenpoBOflbi CTpyii coenMHniOTcn κ Tpy6onpoBony c ueHTpanbHbiM OTBepcTMeM, pacnono*eHHbiM coocho c ocbio poTopa Typ6MHbi. TaKMM o6pa30M, OTHOCMTenbHoe pacnonox<eHMe nonaTOK Typ6MHbi m cooTBeTCByioinMX conen ocTaiOTCfl nocTOMHHbiMM m HeM3MeHHbiMM b npoLļecce BpaujeHMn poTopa Typ6MHbi. CTpyn BeujecTBa, κοτοροίί npMflaeTcn κΜΗβτΜΗβαοη SHepran, nonaeTCB nepe3 HenopBMXHbiM, coocho pacnonojKeHHbiM c BpamatoiuMMcn ueHTpanbHbiM Tpy6onpoBoqoM, c Mcnonb30BaHMeM onn repMeTM3auMM μχ οοθαμηθημβ M3BecTHbix cpencTB /HanpMMep, CMCTeMbl eanbHMKOB M KOHCMCTeHTHOM CMa3KM/. ΠρΟΧΟΧφθΗΜβ CTpyM ot ueHTpanbHoro Bpamaiomerocn Tpy6onpoBoqa no nyTenpoBoqaM κ connaM npoM3BOflMTca no TpaeKTopMM, rpe xa>Kflaa nocneqyioiuan tohk3 nyTM HaxoflMTCfl Ha 6onbuiOM papManbHOM pacTonHMM b cpaBHeHMM c npeflMflymeP) μ πρμβορμτ κ yBenMHeHmo paBneHMn m ckopoctm cTpyn m o6pa30BaHMio BaxyyMa b οτΒβρσηΐΜ ueHTpanbHoro epauiaiomerocB Tpy6onpoBona, hto, b cboio onepenb, πρΜΒβρβτ κ yBennMeHmo nepenapa paBneHMii, y MCTOHHMKa noTeHUManbHoii SHepniM cipyn μ, οοοτβθτοτβθηηο, k yBennHeHMto ckopoctm, pacxopa m Maccbi CTpyn b epMHMuy βρθμθημ, a, cnepoBaTenbHO, m yBennHeHmo mouihoctm Typ6viHbi. C yBennHeHneM nncna οβοροτοΒ poTopa τγρδΜΗΗ θτμ noKa3aTenn b KBappaTMHHoii 3aBMCMM0CTM yBennHMBaiOTCfl m CTa6MnM3MpyiOTCfl TonbKO ηθμ36θ>κημμμ ποτβρηΜΜ μ ποπθ3ηομ Harpy3Koii. TaKofi KOHCTpyKTMBHbiii eapnaHT Μωκβτ npeaycMaTpnBaTb npepBapMTenbHyio pacKpyTxy poTopa Typ6nHbi c nocnepyiOLUMM ee οτκπιοηθημθμ pnn nonyHeHMn nocne θτογο SonbUjeM SHeprmi, HanpMMep, b cnynae BeTpocMnoBbix ycTaHOBOK npn He6onbmux ckopoctbx BeTpa. B ycnoBMnx, Korna yBennHeHne 0Kpy>KH0M ckopoctm Typ6nHbi ηθ npuBOflUT κ yBennHeHwo HenonHOTbi OTpanM κμηθύμηθοκομ 9Heprnn, a, HaoSopoT, yBennHMBaiOT ee, penecoo6pa3Ha pa6oia Ha BbicoKnx cKopocTiix Typ6nHbi, hto yMeHbLUMT ee ra6apMTbi, ce6ecTOMMOCTb Μ3Γ0Τ0ΒΠΘΗΜ3 H paCXOpbl ΠΟ 3KCnnyaTaLļMM B CB33M C MeHbliimVIH nepenaTOHHblMH ΟΤΗΟΙΙΙβΗΜΒΜΜ penyKTOpOB. ΟρΗΟΒρβΜβΗΗΟ HHepUHOHHbie cnnbi ot ρβμχθημβ CTpyM no conny, npnno>KeHHbie κ pMaMeTpanbHO ΠρΟΤΜΒΟΠΟΠΟΧΗΟΜ ΠΟΠβΤΚβ, 6yflyT COOTBeTCBeHHO yBenMHHBaTb KpyTBiiļnii μομθητ Ha Bany poTopa.

Ha Φμγ. 1 noKa3aHa cxeMa npepnaraeMoii Typ6nHbi, rpe conna BpamafOTce BMecTe c nonaTKaMM poTopa, a peaKUMn ρβμχθημβ CTpyn no conny co3flaeT κργτηιρΜίί μομθητ poTopa. HanpMMep, CTpyn eeipa, HanpaBOBeMae φπιοΓβροΜ /3necb He noKa3aH/ b κoHφy3op /4/, ycTaHOBneHHbiM CTapMOHapHO Ha ocHoeaHMM Typ6MHbi /1/, npMoēpeTan Ha nepepHeM τορρβ ero paBneHMe 6onbiue βτΜοοφβρΗοτο, κ KOHuy ero b pe3ynbTaTe yMeHiueHMn οθηθημβ m paBneHMn yBenMHMBaeT CKopocTb 3a οπβτ nepexopa noTeHUManbHoii θηθργμμ b KMHeTMHecKyio m nociynaeT b nonyto nacTb Bpaiuaioiueroce eana /9/, panee no nyTenpoeopaM /6/ m /14/ b conna /12/ m /13/, yBenMHMBan 3a οπβτ ueHTpo6exHoii ομπν CKopocTb m paBneHMe b connax μ, οοοτΒβτοτΒβΗΗΟ, yMeHbiuan ero b y3K0M nacTM κoφy3opa /4/, C03paBaa TaM paBneHMe MeHbme βτΜοοφβρΗΟΓΟ. TaKMM o6pa30M C03flaeTcn eiue čonbuiMM nepenap paeneHMM b κoHφy3ope /4/, yBenMHeHMe ckopoctm b HaMMeHbiueM οθηθημμ κοΗφγ3ορ3. repMeTM3apMn κoHφy3opa /4/ c nonoii HacTbto eana /9/ epamaiomeroca b ποριιιμπημκοβομ y3ne /3/, očecneHMBaeTcn canbHMKaMM /10/ m /11/ κοηομοτθητηομ CMa3Koii /3pecb He noKa3aHo/. Tohho TaioKe nepepaercn b Typ6MHy CTpyn Bopbi, nocTynatoiuan nop οτβτμηθοκμμ HanopoM m ra3a m napa. Οτργη M3 conen /12/ m /13/ nocTynaeT b nonaTKM /5/ m 18/, 0Ka3biBan ποδοΒΟβ m MHepuMOHHoe B03peMCTBMe Ha ημχ. KpoMe 3τογο, peaKLļMn ot πΒΜχβΗΜ* CTpyM no conny /12/ nepe3 ρΒγχππβΗΜβ pbisara /7/ co3paeT ycMHMe Ha nonaTKy /8/, C03paBan pononHMTenbHbiM κργτηιρΜΜ μομθητ Ha eany poTopa. ΟοοτΒβτοτΒβΗΗΟ peaKLļMn ot ρΒΜ>κβΗΜη CTpyM no conny /13/ co3paeT TaKoe x<e ycMHMe Ha ποπβτκγ /5/ c τθμ >κβ pe3ynbTaT0M. BpameHMe eana TypčMHbi /9/ nepepaeTcn nepe3, HanpMMep, i4eHTpo6ex<HyK) Myφτy /3pecb He noxa3aHa/ Bany reHepaTopa Θπβκτροτοκβ /2/, ycTaHaBnMBaeMoro coocho c BanoM /9/ Typ6MHbi. Ocm pByxnneHMx pbinaroB 3axpenneHbi b κρθΗΐυτβΜΗ3χ /17/, ycTaHOBneHHbix Ha ρμοκθ /16/, BpamaiomMMCfl cmhxpohho c BanoM /9/ c LV 11363 noMouibio ποβοακοβνχ nanbuee /19/. KopoTKaa nacTb nyTenpoBona /6/ m /14/ BbinonHeHa γμ6κμμ κομπθηοθμιιοηηβιμ pyxaBOM /18/. 0OpMyna Μ3θ6ρβΤΘΗΜΛ 1. Typ6nHa, coaepxamaa CTaTop, ροτορ c nonaTKaMii m conna, OTmmaioiiļasicsi τθμ, hto conna, HanpaBnniomiie CTpyio b HanpaBneHnn nonaTOK, nonapHO pacnonoxeHbi wa pnaMeTpanbHO προτμβοποποχημχ CTopOHax no KacaTenbHoii κ TpaeKTOpMM BpameHim mx uempoB ομμμθτρμμ m HenoflBM>KHbi OTHOCMTenbHO cooTBeTCTByiomiix nonaTOK. 2. Typ6nHa no n.1, OTjiMsaioiMasicsi τθμ, hto CTpyn M3 ηθποαβμχηογο ncTOHHMKa, pacnonoxceHHoro coocho c eanoM Bpamaiomeroca poTopa, πβρβ3 nonyio ero nacīb m nepe3 nyTenpoBOflOB nociynaeT b connbī. 3. Typ6nHa no n.2, OTmmatouļasicfl τθμ, hto peaKunn οτ ρβμχθημη cTpyn b conne, HanpaBneHHan Ha opHy nonaTKy, nepepaeTcn κ PHaMeTpanbHO προτμβοποποχηομ nonaTKe poTopa nepe3 pea flByxnnennx pbinara, coeflMHeHHbix nocnepoBaTenbHO. 4. TypčMHa no nio6oMy npeqbinymeMy nyHicry, OTnHnaromancn τθμ, hto CTaunoHapHo ycTaHOBneHHbiii KOH0y3op pacnonoxeH coocho ocm BpameHMn poTopa, ποαβμχηο vt γθρμθτμηηο οοθβμηθη c BpamaioiuMMMcn nyTenpoBOflaMM cTpyn, C03nai0LHMX npn BpameHMM BaxyyM b ββιχοαηομ ΟΘΗΘΗΜΜ KOH0y3Opa Μ ΟΡΗΟΒρβΜΘΗΗΟ M36blTOHHOe Π3ΒΠΘΗΜΘ B COnnaX. LV 11363

PecfrepaT

Μ3θ6ρθΤΘΗΜΘ OTHOCMTCfl K KOHCTpyKLļMM Typ6MH, npeo6pa3K)yLlļMX SHeprmo flBM>Kymerocfi eeTpa, ra3a, napa m eopbi b aHeprmo Bpamaiomerocfi pOTOpa Typ6MHbl. Μ3θ6ρβΤΘΗΜΘ Π03Β0ΠΗβΤ MCnonb30BaTb KMHeTMHeCKyiO SHeprmo flBMX<ymerocfl B03pyxa, ra3a, napa h BOflbi m MCKniOHMTb ee ποτβρΜ, nponopuMOHanbHbie KBappaiy pa3H0CTM ckopoctm CTpyn, nocTynaioLueM H3 conna, μ πμηθμηομ CKopocTbK) nonaTOK, Ha KOTopbie 0Ha nocTynaeT, μ βηθ 3aBMCMM0CTH OT ΘΤΜΧ ΟΚΟρΟΟΤΘΗ nOBblCMTb MOLHHOCTb Typ6MH ΠρΜ OflHOBpeMeHHOM ΟΗΜΧΘΗΜΜ ΜΧ ΟθβθΟΤΟΜΜΟΟΤΜ 3a ΟΗΘΤ ΟΗΜΧΘΗΜΗ

MaTepnanoeMKOCTM m pacxopoB Ha μ3γοτοβπθημθ m 3KcnnyaTaumo ομοτθμη peflyiļnpoBaHMH.

HoBH3Ha KOHCTpyKUMM 3aKfiiOHaeTCfl b cnenyiomeM: Ha ροτορθ ycTaHaBnnBaiOTCfl nonaTKM, nonapHO pacnonoxeHHbie pnaMeTpanbHO προτΜΒοηοπωκΗο; προτΜΒ Kax<floii nonaTKM ycTaHOBneHo conno b HaHBbiroflHeMiueM paccTOJiHMM h b HanpaBneHMH, coBnanatoiiļeM c KacaTenbHofi κ TpaeKTopnn ueHTpa nonaTKM; οτ μοτοηημκ3, rpe Beipy, eope μπμ ra3y npMflaeTCH onpepeneHHan CKopocTb, nocnepHMe nepe3 nonyio nacTb eana poTopa nonaiOTca b conna, a OTTypa - b nonaTKM; μθοτοποπο>κθημθ nyTenpoBOfla m conen οτηοομτθπβηο cootbeTCTByiomMX nonaTOK ocTaeTca ηθμ3μθηημμ bo BpeMn BpameHMH poTopa, a peaKUMn οτ Αβμ>κθημ51 CTpyM no conny nepepaerea pMaMeTpanbHO προτΜΒοηοηωκΗΟΜ nonaTKe, yBenMHMBas KpyTninMM μομθητ poTopa Typ6MHbi, nepe3 nea PByxnneHMx pbinara, οοθρμηθηηηχ nocnepoBaTenbHo; MHepiļMOHHafl pe3ynbTaTMpyK)iuan CMna πρΜ ρβμχθημμ CTpyM οτ ocm poTopa κ connaM προχορΜτ nepe3 pemp poTopa; b Bpama»oiUMxca nyTenpoBopax co3paeTca BaxyyM b βηχορηομ οθηθημμ KOHcļ)y3opa m M36biTOHHoe paBneHMe b connax.

Claims (4)

1. LV 11363 Izgudrojuma formula 1. Turbīna, kas satur statoru, rotoru ar lāpstiņām un sprauslas, atšķiras ar to, ka sprauslas, kas virza strūklu virzienā uz lāpstiņām, pa pāriem novietotas diametrāli pretējās pusēs pa pieskari to simetrijas centru griešanās trajektorijai un ir nekustīgas attiecībā pret atbilstošām lāpstiņām.
2. 2. Turbīna pēc p.1, kas atšķiras ar to, ka strūkla no nekustīga avota, kas novietots uz vienas ass ar rotējošā rotora vārpstu, caur tā dobo daļu un caur ceļa pārvadu nonāk sprauslās.
3. 3. Turbīna pēc p.2, kas atšķiras ar to, ka reakcijas spēks no strūklas kustības pa sprauslu, kas vērsts uz vienu lāpstiņu, tiek pārnests uz diametrāli pretēji novietotu rotora lāpstiņu ar divu divplecu sviru palīdzību, kas savienotas virknē.
4. 4. Turbīna pēc jebkura iepriekšējā punkta., kas atšķiras ar to, ka stacionāri uzstādītā konfuzora ass sakrit ar rotora griešanās asi, tas kustīgi un hermētiski savienots ar rotējošiem strūklas ceļa pārvadiem, kas rotējot rada vakuumu konfuzora izejas šķēlumā un vienlaicīgi paaugstinātu spiedienu sprauslās.