LU81877A1 - DIFFUSER DEVICE FOR GASEOUS, LIQUID OR PASTY PRODUCTS, AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF - Google Patents

Description

J "D.50.881

- ---------- ". Λ Q ^ AND-DUCHË DE LUXEMBOURG

En.m ". P i Q 7 / du - 9 nOV0wbre 1979 Minister "0¾¾¾ of the National Economy and the Middle Classes

Book title: ........................................

LUXEMBOURG Industrial Property Service

Invention Patent Application I. Request ... Mr. Winfried- Jean WERDINGr ..... 77 r ...... avenue du .. Générale ... Guisan., D> ... looS ... ..EULLY ...... (Switzerland), represented by Mr. Jacques de Muyser i ... acting as a .... .... representative .............. .................................................. .................................................. ............ (2) deposits ........ this ........ nine November 19oq seventy-nine .......... ........................... (3) to ............ 15 ...... ...... hours, at the Ministry of National Economy and the Middle Classes, in Luxembourg: 1. this request for obtaining a patent for invention concerning: ... "..... Diffuser device for gaseous, liquid or .................. (4) ........ pasty products. "..... and process ... ..for its manufacture. "........................................... .................................................. .....

declares, assuming responsibility for this declaration, that the inventor (s) is (are): .. the depositor ..................... .................................................. ............. ..................................... ..............._____________________________________________________________________ (5) ............................... .................................................. .................................................. ............: nt ..............................

.................................................. ...... V 'y 7 //, - .......- rr -.............

2. the delegation of power, dated ____________.............................- on ..... d? ... ...............................

3. description in language ........... english ............................... of the invention in two copies; 4 ........... He ............. drawing boards, in two copies; 5. the receipt of the fees paid to the Luxembourg Registration Office on ......... nine November 19oo seventy-nine claims for the above patent application the priority of one or more applications ( s) of (6; ....................... / .................... ................................................ filed ^ in (7) ....................... / ...................... .................................................. .............................

k ................................................. .................................................. .................................................. -----............................................. .................................................. ......... ... (8.

on behalf of ............!.................................. .................................................. .................................................. .................................................. ............................................... (g, * Elect domicile for him / her and, if designated, for his / her representative, in Luxembourg ............................... .........

..... 35 / ..... boulevard Royal .................................... ......................... (10 (ü 'requests the grant of a patent for the invention for the subject described and represented in the appendices above, - with adjournment of this issue to ............ I ............................ .. months.

4 ie .....: ........ Agent .......... '-..........- Π. Deposit Minutes

The above application for a patent for invention has been filed with the Ministry of National Economy and the Middle Classes, Industrial Property Service in Luxembourg, dated: November 9, 1979 "··>. · Pr. The Minister

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D.5ο.881 • v j i Descriptive Brief I filed in support of a request for n

i PATENT OF INVENTION

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Luxembourg ί

· Trained by: Winfried Jean WERDING

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t * for: "Diffuser device for gaseous, liquid or pasty products, and process for its manufacture." ï Λ> a j, ÿ i? i

The present invention relates to a diffuser device for a gaseous, liquid or pasty product comprising an inner pocket made of non-expandable deformable material to contain the product, an outer envelope element, made of macromolecular material of the rubber type, around the inner pocket, an outlet for the product associated with the pocket, a valve for controlling the discharge of: product from the pocket through the outlet, this valve being arranged between the outlet and the pocket, and a rigid core associated with the poached.

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In a rapidly growing number of fields, "sprays" or sprays, hereinafter called sprays, are used for the application of products in gaseous, liquid or pasty form, either for body care or in technique, or even in the kitchen. Nevertheless, the world is becoming increasingly aware of the hairy. tion and in particular the risk of deterioration of the ozone belt of the stratosphere which results from the use of propellants, particularly chlorofluorinated hydrocarbons (Freon, Frigen).

On the other hand, the known aerosols present a certain danger of explosion to such an extent that one finds on each one the mention 20 of the precautions to be taken, for example "not to put an aerosol near a heat source . '

Finally, the aerosol sprays, in order to ensure impermeability to the propellant gas, must be made of metal, glass, etc. which are of a cost price and of a higher weight than the plastic material by example and which require more energy for manufacturing.

In addition, there are many products, the diffusion of which cannot be in the form of a spray, due to intolerability with a gas. On the other hand, in their present packaging, they perish by oxidation, for example food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical and certain technical products.

In order to avoid all these problems, a large number of diffusing devices have already been proposed which do not use propellant gas. None of these known solutions has, however, been able to gain a serious foothold on the market, since all of them have more or less serious disadvantages.

In addition, the solution described in US Pat. No. 566,282, granted on August 16, 1896 to John J. Ealley Jr. ", for the first time mentioning the use of this rubber as a force accumulator in an atomizer, has the major disadvantage 40 that the product in the container and to be expelled is in contact with the rubber, which greatly limits its application because the rubber is

Im ___, • ’chemically unstable in contact with many products. In addition, it is not sealed against leair oxygen, spores and bacteria. Otherwise, this atomizer does not allow the total expulsion of the product stored there, because in the bladder; 5 rubber always remains a final non-ejectable volume. An au- | The disadvantage of this solution is that neither the expansion nor the compression of the rubber bladder is controllable, and [* the bladder can take any form, favorable and unfavorable to the maximum expulsion of the product that *it contains.

^ 10 "US Patent No. 821,873" granted to George Mo Kneiper on May 29, 1906, describes means for emptying containers and also uses an expandable bag which is however stretched over a core which extends into the container and which is intended for ten- | continuously extend said expandable bag by holding it 15 in the axis of the container. In this way Kneuper solves the problem of maximum product expulsion, without however solving it completely. On the other hand, all the problems due to the use of a rubber container remain unsolved by this diffuser.

20 US Patent No. 2,738,227 of March 13, 1938, granted * to GoV. Havens takes up the ideas of the two patents mentioned above to describe a device for expelling a liquid in the form of a spray. To this end, Havens offers a perforated core in multiple places to let the liquid pass, 23 expelled by the contraction force of a rubber bladder.

It is clear that this system also has the disadvantage of causing a loss of product by non-expulsion which is

It is important that the diameter of the core is important. In addition, if natural rubber is used as a bladder, it is £. 50 use is, as described above, limited to a few products and Ieon will note, if the diameter of the core does not take into account, a second loss of product which results from a definitive distortion of the rubber and which s * adds to that remaining in the nucleus.

f 55 Numerous other patents, in particular the American patents I c & itts No. 2,825,933 granted on February 18, 1938 to J.H. George, t No. 5,240,599 granted March 13, 1986 to H.V. Frandeen, No. 5,361,303 granted January 2, 1968 to C. Jacuz-si, ne 3,672,543 granted f June 27, 1972 to Plant Industries, Inc. as well as the US patent No. 3,796,336 granted March 12 1974 è Plant Industries

Inc · describe with some variants of the diffusing devices using bladders made of elastic materials with or without core, housed in enclosures and provided with valves · None of these patents describes however an airtight oxygen diffuser 5 from Ieair, aux; spores and bacteria and being insensitive to the product to be stored there. On the other hand, none of the solutions proposed in these patents allows an expulsion at least approximately linear of the content during the whole

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operating time and for the whole product. Apart from that, none of the aforementioned publications describes a "diffuser" device having a dosimetric valve making it possible to obtain a cloud of product with very small drops with the pressure with which the product can be expelled from such diffusers.

This is also the case for the solution described in German patent application No. 24 42 328, published March 6, 1973 in the name of Alza Corp. which mentions a synthetic rubber bladder, the inner face of which may be provided with an equally elastic rubber, but which is resistant to products which attack the material of the bladder. For other products, the use of a synthetic interior folding bladder, for example in mylar, is proposed.

A bladder made of synthetic rubber, such as butyl, nitrite, or silicone, reveals a very significant loss of product by non-expulsion because the synthetic rubbers have a very low permanent elasticity and remain, after a few hours already power up, distended in a * way so that loss of hands 50% of product results.

Furthermore, the use of a mylar sheet as described is not waterproof and a pocket could only be obtained by welding of polyethylene against polyethylene, which places the aluminum layer necessarily outside the said bladder. and puts it directly in contact with the elastic material. However, unless the aluminum layer is on the outside also plasticized, but then it is no longer 33 mylar, it is damaged under the violent effect of the friction of the a-luminium against the elastic material. both during filling and during expulsion of the product so that the desired impermeability of the bag is deteriorated, since the polyethylene alone is not impermeable.

40 The use of a plastic bag containing * • a pressurized product is not new. The inventor of the present invention has obtained patents in twenty countries (among others Germany, USA, Japan) based on the subject of Swiss patent n ° 484 678, filed on June 27, 1966 and published on August 24 1968, describing such a pocket. In addition, devices using a plastic pocket, compressed by springs, was described and shown by photo in 1969 in the "Lehrbuch ^ und Atlas der Angiologie", Prof. A. Kapp er t, Editions Bans Buber,

Bern. These embodiments, which can be used for their purposes, have the disadvantage of being permeable to aromas and certain germs, which limits their application.

Unlike the mentioned patents describing a plastic bladder or pocket as a means of storing the energy necessary for expulsion, German patent application 15 No. 26 49 722, published on May 5, 1977 in the name of E.X. du Pont de Bemours and Co. describes an elastic fabric obtained by weaving, knotting, picking and any other process, of fiber or yarn, elastomer with natural rubber threads.

This fabric can take various forms, including the form of a flat sheath. However, if the use of this form of sheath is adopted, it requires means to close the free end of the sheath in order to prevent it from going up along the interior pocket, or that said interior pocket, if it is made of rubber, expands axially and is extracted from the sheath. This can be excluded by a core which serves above all to prevent the sheath from moving axially in the direction of the valve, which requires that the sheath be closed at its free end to abut against the core.

In this case, the core can only be used with an inner elastomeric bladder having a robust bottom in order to avoid perforation of the bladder under the thrust of the sheath, a plastic bladder would not resist and would be pierced , as experience has shown repeatedly.

The various patents mentioned and many others.

ί 55 documents illustrate the complexity of using an elastic material as an element for storing force. The * expulsion of a product from a container, either in spray form , or in any other form of ejection. It is found that many solutions to the problems listed above have been proposed, but that they must all be rejected for various reasons, such as: very high cost price, too complicated and difficult to automate manufacturing, use ! tion of materials not suitable for the desired application, non-linear flow I and insufficient particle size with drops too large.

Apart from the diffusing devices of the type described above without propellant gas but with a rubber or synthetic element as the source of the energy necessary for expulsion! sion of the product in the container, we know! ,, 10 sprays. This type of diffusing device is not usable for all products, because with the pump, ambient air is pressed into the container and thereby oxygen, which is only acceptable for products not sensitive to oxidation. In addition, this type of diffusing device known as a vaporizer, requires a certain form of the external enclosure and a modification of the habits of the user i of conventional sprays. They are therefore no longer considered in the following.

j The above demonstrates the difficulties encountered in | 20 the search for a valid substitute for the conventional aerosol dose. These technical difficulties, resulting in part from a poor choice of materials and design, are still; increased by the fact that in order to be able to produce a valid and satisfactory diffuser device I operating without pro- gas! 25 drive, one must also take into account the criteria listed in i below.

i The state of the art shows that the use of a rubber bladder to store a product therein and to accumulate simultaneously in the wall of the bladder the force required to expel the product n is not feasible, because the only rubber capable of providing an expulsion force as linear as possible is natural rubber as pure as possible. As described above, however, it is not stable, that is to say it does not resist all products, therefore there is no question of using it as a bladder for; hold the products.

! The object of the present invention is to provide a diffusing device for gaseous, liquid or petous products which does not use propellant gas, solving all the aforementioned problems i and taking into account all the criteria. mentioned above - in front of which each element, such as the container, the energy storage element, the valve and the external enclosure, is optimally adapted to the intended application and is designed so as to cooperate perfectly with the other elements of the positive dis-5. In addition, the device according to the invention must meet the following conditions.

The device sought must be inexpensive to manufacture and lend itself to automatic assembly.

The various elements of the device according to the invention 1, 10 must be produced in materials requiring only a minimum of transformation energy and be made in bio-degradable products or which can be destroyed without the production of toxic gases.

| The diffuser container must be impermeable to oxygen. 15 gene of air, spores, bacteria and all other elements! that may destroy its content. It must also be constructed in such a way as to allow the complete ejection of the product stored therein.

<"The element for storing the force of expulsion of the product in the container must be capable of guaranteeing a regular and linear flow for the entire product. It must be done in such a way as to support storage for several months without significant loss of energy. Its residual force must be sufficient for complete ejection of the product.

The dosimetric valve must be capable of producing a particle size small enough to create a cloud of the product, even under unfavorable expulsion pressure conditions. Nor must it include a metal-50 element, such as for example a spring. It must also allow the container to be hermetically sealed in order to avoid contamination and dehydration of the product stored therein.

: "The external enclosure of the diffusing device must allow the application of an element allowing the indication of the degree of filling of the container.

The diffuser device as such must be of identical use to that of traditional sprays, but its filling made much cheaper and simple.

Other objectives of the present invention will emerge from the description which follows and which refers to the drawing representing / by way of nonlimiting example, several embodiments of the diffuser device according to the invention.

The above-mentioned object as well as all the objectives mentioned above are achieved by a diffuser device of the kind defined above, characterized in that the section of the core is at least 40% greater than the section, taken in the same plane , from the inside of the outer envelope element in the unexpanded state, the maximum volume which can be filled available in the pocket in the fully unfolded state without expansion of its walls 10 constituting the maximum limit d expansion of said outer casing element, this maximum limit being situated in the linear elongation range (elongation range practically without variation of the internal pressure) of said macro-molecular material of the rubber type.

Natural rubber has all the characteristics required as a force accumulator. Indeed, pure natural rubber has a hardness between 40 and 4 ^ ° shore. When expanding such rubber, there is an area of linear resistance to expansion. Above 400%, the / s ........, ... ,, VI - ................ ----— -. ...... ^

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y y y * y y '/ s * y. · Resistance increases considerably · Since various products to be atomized, especially hair sprays, perfumes, insecticides, room sprays, require an excessively fine particle size, between 5 and 35 mi-5 crons, it is essential to have a force of expulsion which decreases only very weakly as and when the former! impulse of the product in order to prevent the size of the droplets of the various products from increasing, which is unacceptable for - "· the hairspray, the layer of which would lose flexibility, and 10 for the perfumes which could stain light clothes, and for room sprays, whose too large droplets, which cannot evaporate quickly enough, would stain the furniture ·

Tests with synthetic rubbers have shown that their zone of acceptable expulsion force is far smaller than that of natural rubber. This fact is of capital importance.

li Admitting that only the linear expulsion force should be used, it is advantageous to have as large an area as possible, because the content of a diffusing container depends on it. Indeed, if a pure natural rubber gives a force J of almost linear expulsion between 400% and 50% of expansion, the zone of this almost linear force of a synthetic rubber is situated between 300% and 40% approximately.

Because, whatever rubber is used, it takes j; always a tubular shape during expansion, and the diameter ji increases as a function of the rate of expansion, we find a dif- ij! considerable reference volume volume, if one wants to use ^ * only the areas of linear force described · 30 Considering an expansion relationship between% "and" mm ·, if * we obtain the following volumes for a diameter and the same starting length of the tube: u "for synthetic rubber: | 300% = 30 mm" 15 ^ x 5.14 x 10 ci "70.6 ml I 35 and for natural rubber:! 400 % = 40 mm * 20 ^ x 3.14 x 10 cm - 125.6 ml or a difference in content of approximately 88% for the benefit of natural rubber at the moment of maximum expansion, if Another reason speaks in favor natural rubber: 40 is its permanent elasticity greater than that of synthetic rubber. This results in a definitive aging deformation smaller for natural rubber than for synthetic rubber · The importance is obvious, because a large deformation final de-5 not only leads to a "drop in the rate of expulsion force but also to an im bearing of product not expelled by lack of contraction power of the rubber ·

Since pure natural rubber has very little definitive deformation, about 15% after 24 months of expansion to 400%, preference should be given to it.

However, as already said, natural rubber is not stähle in contact with many products and has the disadvantage of not being impermeable to various gases, including oxygen. It is therefore necessary to use a material as neutral as possible and resistant to the greatest number of products interposed between the product and the rubber.

The choice fell first on a synthetic rubber, butyl kind, nitrile, etc. for the manufacture of a bladder, intended to contain the product, this bladder to be placed inside a natural rubber bladder ·

The fact that there is no synthetic rubber impervious to aromas, to oxygen, and to certain microorganisms (see “Modern Plastics" March 1966, page 1414), and that the diffusing container of the invention is intended to contain both products containing flavorings or which must be protected against oxidation, and which must remain sterile, synthetic rubber as a storage enclosure cannot be used. The use of polyethylene and polypro sheets -. pylene is also not possible for the same reasons.

50 The use of a laminated aluminum sheet meets all the requirements for sealing and chemical stability and numerous tests have shown that only the use of a sheet formed by the polyester - aluminum - polyester - polyethylene layers 35 the thickness of the polyethylene layer preferably being 90 microns, is satisfactory. For products to be sterilized, polyethylene must be replaced by polypropylene which is more resistant to heat.

Because this laminated sheet is subjected to forces of torsion, friction and bending, it is essential ± υ to interpose between 1 · aluminum and polyethylene a polyester layer to eliminate the shear effect of 1 * aluminum · It has been found that the bottom of a pocket, obtained by sealing a laminated aluminum sheet, must be in one piece because this is where b * exerts the pressure of the product; a seal in this place does not resist and tears

Since synthetic rubber, with an equal wall thickness and compared to natural rubber, provides a greater expulsion force, but does not have the mechanical qualities of the latter, it cannot be used as a means of accumulation by force. The best results are obtained with pure natural rubber. Now, on the one hand its high price and on the other hand the volume which a thick wall takes to obtain a large expelling force, it is necessary to accommodate the pressure available by the use of such a thin rubber wall. as possible, about 3 mm thick to obtain the equivalent pressure of about 1.5: 'i 2 I kg / cm ·! This pressure, compared to the usual pressures used-

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20 in gas aerosols, ie 3 to 6 kg / cm, should be considered as being weak. It requires the use of a valve or a special sprayer adapted to this pressure and which forms part of the present invention.

! As explained above, the force of expulsion can be considered to be practically linear in the zone of expansion of natural rubber from 45 ° shore between 400% and 50%. It is therefore necessary to the rubber to work only in this zone if Ieon wants to obtain a stable flow. This necessity | * implies the use of a core, placed in the axis of the pocket, 30 whose diameter is such as rubber, once stretched to this! diameter "can no longer contract more. By this means, it is possible to eliminate from the start a loss of product due to a definitive enlargement of aging of the diameter of the rubber under the effect of a constant expansion to 400% during the period of storage of the product. However, practice has shown that the diameter of said core should not only be 50% larger than the inside diameter of the rubber, but preferably | that of 73% because towards the end of the expulsion of the product from the pocket "made of laminated aluminum sheet, aluminum, by the folds" saved "or · it forms under the compression of the rubber, opposes a JJ - ---- mechanical resistance against this compression, reducing the expulsion force. By stopping the contraction from ^ to 75% ex-expansion instead of 50% we compensate for the mechanical resistance of the folds * 5 This requirement, however, leads to a new problem: 75% expansion of a rubber enclosure with a diameter of 8 mm, for example, corresponds to a diameter of 14 mm for the core, around which there is in addition, rolled up or folded the »laminated sheet pocket · If the introduction without putting under stress said pocket is feasible , as described below, one cannot prevent the effort which the pocket undergoes during refilling! puckering by the friction of its wall against the interior wall | re rubber hose "Tests have shown that neither talc i nor leaaidon, but that only silicone oil can be used as a lubricant and is satisfactory. In addition, it has the advantage of processing natural rubber. However, a natural rubber enclosure, surrounding a pocket as described, causes an excessive force on said pocket, because; the closed bottom of such an enclosure acts against the bottom of the pocket and pushes it against the core, which can lead to perforation of the latter.

the use of a rubber hose eliminates this problem and is satisfactory. The use of a simple rubber hose as a force accumulator also has the advantage of inexpensive manufacturing prices and mass production, since manufacturing a simple rubber hose is routine, rational and high quality work.

The tight attachment of the bag and the rubber hose 30 to the valve cannot be carried out by high-frequency welding of the polyethylene layer against a valve body of the same material, because the neck of the bag, obtained by sealing, has two grooves at which a seal by welding cannot be obtained. The only satisfactory solution is the use of a flexible synthetic rubber hose, placed between the neck of the pocket and the valve body and which, when tightening fastens, fills the grooves of the pocket and makes the assembly watertight.

The low pressure provided by natural rubber ex ± - 40 ge, as mentioned above, a special valve, because no known Λ- * - --- sprayer allows obtaining a satisfactory particle size with drops of '' A diameter varying between 5 and 35 microns depending on the application, without having to use a gas that evaporates almost instantaneously upon contact with air.

5 An advantageous embodiment of the diffusing device is characterized in that the sprayer also comprises at least two successive stages of turbulence which each create a rotary movement of a product contained in the bag, the second stage being superimposed on the first and in a direction of rotation identical to that and that the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the various channels of said core, of said seat, of said piston and of said sprayer decreases as said channels approach an expulsion channel of said sprayer even that the content of said second level of turbulence is smaller than that of said first level, said sprayer being made of plastic and comprises only two components.

As mentioned above, the low pressure provided by Ί1 natural rubber requires the use of a special valve because no known atomizer makes it possible to obtain a spray: Satisfactory fine spray comprising droplets of: a diameter varying between 5 and 35 microns depending on the particular application, without having to use a fluid which evaporates almost instantly on contact with air.

"I ·! The outer casing member is preferably an extruded tube of natural rubber. It can also be made of “injected” synthetic rubber material.

i The thickness of the wall of the outer casing element “must be at least 2.25mm, preferably around 3mm.

I, The equipment according to the invention may, in addition, comprise i30 an annular sealing element between the upper ends of the pocket and the core.

I- In preferred embodiments of the invention, the ~ core is hollow and has a conduit with two openings, at least one of which is located at one end of the I 55 core, the one of the ends of the core forming or carrying the seat I for a valve body, for example with a seal, or for a (piston, and the other end being rounded and having no sharp angle. The surface of the core must be without relief and / or smooth The core is secured in the pocket in such a way that its rounded end does not touch the bottom of the pocket.

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When the pocket is fixed to the core, the latter is provided with fixing means. The pocket is preferably formed by folding a laminated sheet and by sealing on its unfolded edges except at the outlet. The outer casing element has the form of a tube with two ends, the upper end being hermetically fixed to the pocket and / or to the core, while the other end is preferably open, and s' extends down, beyond the bottom of the pocket. The rubber tube is longer than the pocket so that the bottom thereof is in the tube and clamping means must be provided for hermetically pressing the neck of the pocket and the end of the surrounding rubber tube the pocket against the core fixing means. The valve comprises said seat on the core and a plastic seal.

15 Preferably, the core is elongated and contains a conduit with at least two openings, at least one of which is located at a first end of the core, this end of the core being directed towards the valve, while the other end of the core is closed.

An atomizing nozzle or a discharge nozzle may be provided in a diffusion head, which is preferably operable by a finger to actuate the equipment. The nozzle has an expulsion opening.

In an advantageous and particularly preferred embodiment, the device according to the invention is equipped with an atomizer which comprises at least two successive stages of channels for creating turbulence, arranged successively in the direction of the flow of product through the nozzle and imparting a movement of rotation to the stream of product passing through them, the second stage being superimposed on the first stage and giving the product a rotation in the same direction as the first stage. Preferably, the nozzle has a central nozzle chamber and at least two connecting channels leading from the chamber to the expulsion opening. Preferably, the connecting channels are parallel 55 to the central axis of the expulsion opening. Preferably, four connecting channels are provided.

The sum of the cross sections of the various conduits of the core, of the valve seat, of the plunger or piston and of the atomizer preferably decreases as the channels approach the 4-0 opening to the expulsion of the head. diffusion, the volumes of the spaces in the second stage of creation of turbulence being lower than those of the first stage.

The nozzle may have first and second superimposed nozzle bodies, as the first and second stages of 5 channels. The first nozzle body, comprising said central nozzle chamber, an annular space or groove, in the vicinity or in the face of the first nozzle body, being in contact with the second nozzle body, and at least two connecting channels leading from said chamber with the last cited face of the first nozzle body. The second nozzle body has grooves or channels for creating a rotational movement which lead from the annular groove to the expulsion opening, and the end face of the first nozzle body which is surrounded by the annular groove, being spaced from the entrance to the expulsion opening. The total volume of the grooves or channels creating a rotational movement is equal to x times the volume of the annular groove, x being the shadow of the connecting channels in the first body of the nozzle, preferably equal to four. , and the distance between the end face of the first nozzle body, preferably conical, and 1 ′, entry of the expulsion opening advantageously equal to 1 / x | times the depth of the grooves or channels for creating rotation.

i * In the latter case, when x is four, all the passages for the product, from the bag to the outlet, through the valve, are preferably dimensioned so that the diffusion rate 25 is approximately 0.5 g / s, preferably 0.25 g / s, regardless of the pressure exerted in the pocket, on the product contained therein.

The first and second nozzle bodies are preferably 11 aligned on the axis of the expulsion opening. Advantageously, f; jq the openings for the entry of the product in the cre- channels! r - ation of rotation are located near the periphery of the annular groove i around said end face.

For manufacturing facilities, the core can be in two parts, at least one of which is of adjustable length.

Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the core is at least 75% greater than the internal cross-sectional area of the outer shell member in the unexpanded state.

, The piston is made of plastic and comprises cores ii with springs consisting of elastic or flexible fingers of a single piece with the piston and protruding into a cavity adjacent to the core.

| In a preferred embodiment of this type, the provision! sitive has a piston arranged to close the valve seat and having channels for the flow through it of the product 5 from the bag and towards the nozzle. In this case also, the sum of the sections of all the passages for the product in the core, through the seat and the piston, and in the nozzle,: -f preferably decreases in the direction of the flow of the product towards the the expulsion opening, and the total volume of all the passages in the second stage is preferably less than the corresponding volume of the first stage.

! The valve may include sealing means for closing the passage of the product from the pocket to the piston channels, these means being made of synthetic rubber and serving as a return spring for the piston. These means must be of sufficient thickness to close an orifice of the piston channels, this orifice having a diameter greater than 0.5 mm. The valve may further comprise a second piston housed in the central nozzle chamber and loaded by spring to close the flow of product from a channel of the piston towards the central chamber. Preferably, the valve comprises two valve bodies I with slits of elastic plastic material at opposite ends i of the valve, one of the valve bodies closing in the opposite direction to the direction of flow of product outlet 25 and the other closing in the opposite direction to the direction of entry of outside air into the valve and means being provided I for deforming the valve bodies so as to open said I 'slots.

; - In a preferred embodiment, the pocket is made of laminated sheet material consisting of at least three layers, namely: an outer layer of polyester, an intermediate layer of aluminum sheet and an inner layer of polypropylene or polyethylene intended to come into contact with the product. Advantageously, the laminated sheet also comprises a layer 35 of polyester between the intermediate and inner layers.

The intermediate layer of aluminum preferably has a thickness of at least 9 microns and the inner layer of pciy-! ethylene or polypropylene preferably has a thickness of at least 50 microns, preferably at least 75 microns.

40 Preferably, the pocket has a neck having an outlet ί 16 i outlet, the part of the pocket adjacent to the neck has a shoulder and the part of the pocket remote from the shoulder has folds of the accordion type.

The pocket may have, near an outlet, several fingers arranged to pass over and around the outside of the open upper end of the outer casing element; laughing.

ip The device according to the invention can also include dd dd Tin system indicating the degree of filling of the bag in! .10 product, this system preferably being arranged to measure the degree of expansion of the outer casing element.

The valve may include control means for the; close when the pressure in the bag is insufficient to expel the product.

The method of manufacturing the device according to the invention may include the phases of assembling the core, the pocket and the valve, of radial expansion of the outer casing element and of sliding thereof over it. the core-pocket-valve assembly, and the tightening of the upper part of the element 20 of the outer envelope on the pocket and the core, under function! of it with the valve.

This method may further comprise the phase of applying a layer of silicone oil to the inner wall of the outer casing element, before sliding it over said assembly; it is also possible to apply a clamping device to said assembly in order to retain the constituent parts thereof, before sliding the outer casing element over said "clamped parts. 'jf ’r In the drawing: ft“ r —t - - - ______ __ j * / 1 / / i. / .5 * 4 Fig.1 is a sectional view of the object of the invention, Fig.2 shows an exploded perspective view of various parts, Fig © 3 shows a perspective view of a part d a sprayer, Fig. 4 is also a perspective view of a part of a sprayer, Fig. 5 is a front view of a part of a sprayer, Fig. 6 shows a sectional view greatly enlarged operation of the object of 1 * invention.

Fig.7 shows a sectional view of a pocket, Fig.8 is a partially sectional view of the method of attachment of the various materials used, Fig.9 shows a valve without moving internal parts, having an automatic closure front, Fig.10 is a perspective view, Fig.11 shows an indicator of the degree of filling in the "filled" position, Fig.12 shows it in the "empty" position, Fig.15 is a view partially in section of another embodiment of an indicator of the degree of filling, FIG. 14 shows said indicator in "filled *" position, FIG * 15 shows said indicator in "empty" position, 23 in FIG .16 is a partial sectional view of a device serving for the automatic introduction of said core, carrying said pocket in said rubber hose, FIG. 17 shows a plan view of the tensioners of said device, 50 la Figo1? A is a section along XVXI-XYTI of Fig · 16 Fig.18 is a sectional view of a rubber cuff, nt part of said device, Fig. 19 shows a sectional view of a closure device during a lack of pressure, 55 Fig. 20 shows a valve in the shape of lips, Fig. 21 and 22 illustrate two variants for mounting the pocket on the core, Fig. 25 shows a particular embodiment of the object of the invention, the FIG. Figs. 24 to 27 show another form of valve with a detail, la. Fig. 28 shows a flow metering device, and FIG. 29 is a graph.

m Fig. 1 shows a sectional view of a diffuser device according to the invention, filled with a liquid to be atomized. A nucleus | 1, made of plastic, consists of parts IA and IB. The | part IA is an enclosure open on one side. One end 4 I has a preferably ovoid shape. The surface of the enclosure IA is as smooth as possible. Its length is varied) ble which allows to adapt said core 1 to the requirements of a diffuser container, that is to say the larger the content,

Iplus said core 1 will be long for a given starting diameter.

It is obvious that this diameter will be smaller for a container ΐ diffuser with a content of 100 ml than for that of 1000 ml. The * 15 part IB of the core 1 has at its upper end a 1 seat 5 and a central channel 6 which opens into a channel 7.

i The end 8 is closed and has a narrowing by which it can be placed in the part IA to thus form the whole of the core 1. Below the seat 5 are ribs 9 i 20 and 10 and a seal 11 which is in fact a hose of synthetic rubber, like nitrile, or even of a synthetic material ”; compressible which, being in contact with the product 12, must not be attacked by it, nor attack it. The seal 11 seals a pocket 13 which is made of aluminum foil; ï _ Î25 laminated, preferably in four layers, either: polyester - aluminum - polyester - polyethylene or polypropylene, the latter coming into contact with a product 12, polypropylene * may be preferred for its better heat resistance when product 12 must be sterilized in an autoclave. The bag 30 13 is obtained by sealing a folded aluminum sheet on f. along a line 14 and sealed along a line 15 as shown in FIG. 7. At the neck 16, the pocket 13 has multiple strips 17. These serve to ensure a lasting attachment of the pocket 13 to the core 1, as described below. The bottom of the pocket 13, represented by the line 14, '1 must not be sealed but consist of a laminated sheet according to the description without interruption, because the product 12 under pressure exerts its thrust especially against the bottom of the pocket 13 which, being housed inside the rubber hose 40 16, is not "armed" by the rubber, since the end 19 read of the hose 18 is open · experience has shown that a bottom seal does not resist when the product 12 is pushed. It is however possible to carry out a sealing along the fold 14 to give the pocket 13 by bending it a taper in order to facilitate its introduction into the pipe 18, this sealing then acting as a protection from the bottom 14 of the pocket 13 against excessive stress during this introduction, the core 1 carrying the pocket 13 with the seal 11 is housed | inside the 18o rubber hose This is, in rubber! to i 10 almost pure natural cauliflower, its hardness being / approximately | 45 ° shore. In expansion of 400%, a wall with a thickness of [1 mm provides a contraction force which puts the product 12,! contained in pocket 13, under a pressure of about 0.6 lcg / cm.

The thickness of the wall of the pipe 18 is therefore chosen as a function of the pressure with which it is desired to expel the product 12. It would obviously be possible to use a wall of 5 m ί 2 I thick to have a pressure of about 3 kg / cm, I but not only this quantity of natural rubber is i | expensive, but it constitutes a lost volume and weight ia- [20. For this reason, we preferred to develop a sprayer, giving with 1.2 kg / cm of pressure already the same result as known sprayers with 3 kg / cm and more, which therefore allows to use a relatively thin wall for the pipe 18, which makes it possible to manufacture the pocket 13 from sheet! 25 very thin laminate, offering tolerable mechanical resistance; to the contraction force of the rubber. The mode of introduction I * of the core 1 and of the pocket 13 will be described later, the core 1 has a section of 40%, preferably 75%, greater than the internal section of the pipe 18.

j 30 The channel 6 is arranged so that it can receive a piston 20, provided with channels 21 and 22 and multiple grooves 201 and which carries at its closed end extensions 23 · The piston 20 being made of plastic material having a certain spring force, these extensions 23 act as leaf springs and make a metal spring superfluous. Another spring effect is obtained by choosing a relatively large thickness for the nitrile, butyl, etc. joint. 24. Geite é-peisseur has a function: it allows to give to. channel 21 a diameter large enough to avoid a decrease in thrust, 40 its integral force being necessary to operate t the sprayer of figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6.

j, The seal 24 is provided with a central hole 25, the diameter of which is chosen so that the seal 24 exerts, once placed on the pedestal 20, a strong pressure on the openings of the channel 5. 21, which is thereby closed. The seal 24 is housed in •, on which the seat 5 which has the circular shoulder 20B / the seal 24 is supported. The core 1, the pocket 13, the pipe 18, the seal 11, the piston 20 and the seal 24 are fixed together using a bush 26 and a ring 28, a rib 29 of which is housed in 10 a groove 27 "The fixing is obtained in the following way! the ring 28 is provided with notches 30 and carries inside a rib 31. The latter is located at the place which will be placed during the assembly between the ribs 9 and 10 of the core 1. L · j inside the sleeve 26 is conical. During the introduction | 15 of the core 1, carrying the seal 11, in the pocket 13, the strips “17 of the latter are placed like a crown below * the seat 5 and when this assembly is placed in the pipe 18, the strips 17 are placed on 1 * outside of this and parallel to the axis of the core 1. After introduction of the piston * 20 20, provided with the seal 24, in the channel 6 of the core 1, the ring 28 is slipped over the pipe 18 and the strips 17 until it abuts against the seat 5 of the core 1 and 1 · is introduced together into the socket 26 so that the part 22 of the piston 20 passes through the bore 32 of the socket 26. The interior 25 of the latter being conical, the notches 30 of the ring 28 (close and they tighten tightly against each other the strips 17, the -tube 18, the pocket 13, the seal 11 and the core 1. The rib 31 is placed between the ribs 9 and 10, preventing any movement. The rib 29 of the ring 28 is placed in the ï Γ 30 groove 27 of the sleeve 26 which presses then the seal 24 forte- | ment against the rib 5JL of the seat 5 "thus making the assembly watertight. The ring 28 abutting the seat 5 from the bottom and the bush 26 against the same seat 5 but from the top, no displacement is possible. We first tried to fix the assembly I 35 in the same way but without the strips 17 and we find that the pressure of the product 12, acting on the bottom 14 of the pocket 13 made this slide. last towards the opening 19 of the pipe 18 and the product 12 escaped. The strips 17 avoid this sliding since by them the pocket 13 and held at 40 in several places. Can we give up slats 1? For the use of a flange 33, as shown in fig. 6.

This possibility will be used for operational safety when the product 12 must be sterilized at 120 °, flight at 140 ° C., because the plastic material used for the socket 5; 26 and the ring 28 may undergo a slight temporary deformation I at these temperatures and no longer fully ensure the necessary tightening.

: The part 22a of the piston 20, surrounding the central channel: -22, carries a sprayer 34 which will be described later (fig. 9) 10 The assembly hitherto described is placed in an enclosure 33 which is closed by a cap 36. These two parts, being subject to no pressure, can be made of inexpensive thin plastic material, or even of cardboard. In the bottom 37 of the enclosure 33 is a recess 38 having a 13 hole 39 and on the outside of the arrows 40, indicating a position "0". In this recess 38 is an axis 41, provided with a rod 42 and a lamellar spring 43 and carrying an indicator 44. The rod 42 is introduced into the enclosure 33 through the hole 39, while the spring- strip 43 is pressed against the bottom 37 so that the rod 42 always exerts a slight pressure against the pipe 18. When the pocket 13 is empty, the rod 42 takes the place of the broken lines and the indicator 44 is then found in the axis of the arrows 40 as shown in FIG. 12 thus indicating that the diffuser container is empty. When filling the product 12 under pressure, the pipe 18 is put under expansion and thereby displaces the rod 42 which places the indicator 44 by the rotation printed on the axis 41 outside the arrows 40, as shown in FIG. fig.11, which indicates that the diffuser container is not yet empty. This indication system is very useful, because going for example on a trip and do not know if Ieon finds the product 12 in a store, 1 # indicator of the degree, filling informs him about the remaining quantity, as well as shows the next purchase to predict.

Fig.6 shows another form of a core 1. Part 1B 33 does not have a channel 7 but it is connected to an opening 43 of part 1X by a pipe 46. For the diffuser it is better to have dfune column 47 of product 12 sufficiently large, so that it dampens unforeseen movements of product 12 under the influence of the mechanical resistance of the pocket 13, which - without this column 47 would leave the sprayer, 5 34 in a way jerky, as noted. The distance between the openings b of the channel 7 and the opening 45 of the valve also results from the experience acquired. Whatever the material used for the bag 15, its fixing together with the pipe 18 5 causes at this level, especially towards the end of the expulsion of the product 1 product 12, a marked constriction which influences the flow, which is intolerable if it is a drug for which a patient, without realizing it, has become accustomed to a dosage by the duration of the opening of the valve, the flow must therefore be 10 stable as possible if you want to take a medication that corresponds to an active dose. For hair spray or perfume a reduction in the flow rate results in an enlargement of the particle size of the product 12 that is unacceptable.

<j Figs. 3, 4, 5 and 6 show special sprayers; r j | 15 specially created for the low pressure of the diffuser container j according to the invention, lie having insufficient pressure

In order to be able to use known sprayers, research was carried on a means of accelerating the product as it approaches the expulsion channel while bringing there enough mass of product under pressure. This research is justified for the following reason: the propellant gas | aerosol sprays are at the same time a solvent, costing only about a third of the price of another solvent, ethyl alcohol.

^ The product 12 of a diffusing container according to the invention, for | 25 to be competitive, must therefore be mixed with a solvent, if possible cheaper than the propellant. It must therefore be sprayed g to such an extent that it evaporates like a propellant gas thanks to the fineness of its droplets following the spray. rization. Ke not having the necessary pressure to achieve this effect, it was necessary to develop a sprayer ensuring | '· Micro-diffusion of water. The sprayer 34- according to the invention is provided with two channels 48 and 49 instead of one, these * channels 48 and 49 opening into a central channel 50. The channels __ 46 and 49 are connected, by grooves ^ 481 and 491 to a circular groove 5ΊΑ in the surface Diane 5tA from the edge 51 of the antlers | 51 ^ provided in its center with a needle 52 · The sprayer 34 I carries a nozzle 55 with an election channel 54. It is placed so that it covers the grooves 481, 491 and 51 "thus forcing the product 12 to circulate in rotary motion. The needle ": 40 52 can take many forms. Figs. 3 and 5 show a needle 52 with a conical end with oblique grooves 55. In this embodiment, a nozzle 55 is not shown, the ejection channel 54 of which is longer than the cone of the needle 52 so that a kind of expansion chamber is formed before this conical opening becomes cylindrical, 5 is the ejection channel 5 ^ proper. In this system, the product 12 is rotated in the groove 51 and can only escape along the oblique grooves 55 of the needle 52. This gives a double rotation, one of which, relative to the other , is perpendicular »Because the cross section of the 10 various grooves decreases as they approach the ejection channel 5 ^, the product 12 gains speed while being in rotary motion, the magnitude of the channel section 48 and 49 being chosen so that it transmits all the pressure of the product in ever narrower spaces, which causes the desired spraying.

Fig04 shows another possibility. In this embodiment, the needle 52 has no grooves 55 A cone 56 is placed in a cut out part in a conical opening 57 of the nozzle 53 · On the periphery of the conical opening 57 are located. four grooves 58, which are in communication with the circular channel 51A and which are parallel to the groove 51 and have a length such that they can receive the product 12 coming from the groove 51 A. Part of the grooves 58 is covered by the cone 56 of the needle 52 so that the part which is in communication with the groove 51 no longer constitutes anything but a very fine breakthrough port by which the product 12, already rotating in the groove 51 ^ can s · escape to be subjected to a new rotation by the grooves 58 to finally be ejected by the channel 5 ^ · This system has the advantage of using the centrifugal force that the - 30 rotation prints to the product 12 in the groove 51 to obtain a acceleration which goes on increasing as the product 12 approaches the ejection channel 5 ^ · There has resulted a very fine spraying, even of an aqueous solution.

fig.6 shows another embodiment of a sprayer-35 SEteur which depending on the viscosity and the desired particle size gives complete satisfaction. The needle 52 does not enter a conical opening of the nozzle 55 but E * ei approaches as close as possible, that is to say, the plate 521 of the needle 52 is near the expulsion channel 5 ^ Thinner are the 40 droplets. In addition to channels 48 and 49 this system is provided with two other channels shown by the broken lines in the 1st fig. 5 - -; + ---

The product 12 passes through these four channels and their respective grooves in the groove 51 where it is rotated before escaping sprayed by the channel 54 · ° l * mass of the product12 and the section of the various grooves determine the distance between 5 plate 52A of needle 52 and nozzle 53 »The greater the mass, the greater must be the distance

The sprayers described allow adaptation to the viscosity of product 12 by modifying the diameter of channels 48 and 49, or even the two additional. ” The fineness of the droplets, see the flow rate per unit of time, can be adjusted either by a modification of the distance of the needle 52 and of the channel 54, or by decreasing or increasing the section of the various grooves, while the angle with which the sprayed product leaves the channel 54 depends on the length of the latter: the longer it is, the more the angle will be closed

Fig.19 shows a device for closing the valve during a pressure drop In fact, we see at the moment i%! Or the pipe 18 can no longer contract, therefore at the time of a lack of any force of expulsion, that the product 12 is nevertheless-20 less expelled, but unfortunately more in spray form r to fine droplets, but in the form of a jet. This expulsion results from the fact that the force of contraction is suppressed by

Ile makes that the pipe 18 abuts against the core 1 as expected. The thrust of this inertial movement of the mass of the product 12 is obviously insufficient to spray this product. However, we must avoid products such as hair spray, perfumes, paints, etc. leave the diffuser container I in a lightly or not sprayed form.

^ "The device in fig. 19 eliminates this drawback. XI

50 is constituted by a half-sphere 99 of plastic material provided on the spherical side of a pivot 100 and on the flat side of a spring 101, pivot 100 and spring 101 being integral with the sphere 99 and of the same material. Yu in plan and in section, the pivot 100 has the shape of a cross whose ends of the bars are in | 55 tact with the wall of the channel 22 of the piston 20 in which it> is placed. The spring 101 presses against the sprayer 54 and pushes the hemisphere 99 into the opening of the casai 22 which is thereby closed. The force of the spring 101 is chosen so that it only resists the force of the push 40 of the product 12 in displacement without pressure. The spring 101 is -------- obviously compressed by the force of expulsion of the pipe 18 this mistletoe moves the hemisphere 99 away from the channel 22, allowing free passage to the product 12 towards the sprayer 54.

Fig * 7 shows a pocket 15 as described, but 5 showing technical details to be observed to obtain reliable operation. The bag 15, both during filling and during the evacuation of the product 12 contained therein, is subjected to the effects of axial torsion and axial and radial friction. These combined effects act inter alia on the 10 seals 15 "especially at level 59 between the shoulder 60 and the neck 16. Bi level 59 is a sharp angle there is a tear in the laminated sheet used, causing a rupture of the pocket 15 by which the product 12 under pressure flows. Most of the time, this tear only appears when a bag 15 is filled a second time. In order to ensure safe operation, the level 59 of the pocket 15 must not be a sharp angle, but a curve as presented in FIG. 7 as well as the levels 61 and 62 must be rounded.

20 Fig-9 is a sectional view and Fig.10 in perspective showing a valve without a movable piston · The possibility of placing a product away from oxygen in air in a diffuser container according to the invention, to eliminate the diffusion towards the outside of aromas of a product, which guarantees the sterility of a product throughout the entire period of use, allows the packaging of numerous products provided that also dehydration and contamination of the product are avoided. along the compulsory spaces of a piston of a valve at the opening of the latter. It is obvious that at the level of the valve 50, the product which is there oxidizes, dehydrates or becomes contaminated, but the manufacturers of such products consider that it is perfectly possible to ask the user to remove this small part of the product with a piece of sterile linen, provided of course that this quantity lost is as small as possible.

Valves are known according to FIG. 20 with check valves made of elastic material having two lips 102 together forming a cone, the point 105 of which goes in the direction of the arrival of pressure 104, which then presses the two lips strongly one against the other, which prevents the pressaie.

î. - ........

to escape.

In Fig. 9, a valve for the diffuser device according to the present invention is shown and may be constituted by a body 63 of synthetic rubber, the tip 64 of which is inside 63A.

5 lips / is directed against the product 12 under pressure and by a pourer 65, the lip tip 66 of which is directed in the opposite direction to the tip 64. The body 63 is provided with a tube 68 which replaces the seal 11 1 · execution for sprayers and, being fixed on the part 1B of the core 1 by means of a flange 10 69 and a ring 28, the product 12 abuts against the lips 64 and. v can only escape through them when they are spread apart. A socket 67 fully covers the body 63 with the exception of two openings 70, intended to receive arms 71 of a clamp 72. The pourer 65 is housed inside the socket 73 provided with hinges 7 ^ ·· Provided with * a crimp clasp not shown, the counterpart of which is located on the sleeve 67, the sleeve 73 forcefully applies a flange 66A of the pourer 65 both on the body 63 and on the sleeve 67, making the assembly watertight.

§ 20 The clamp 72 is produced by means of the hinges and the arms 71, the axes of which are housed in the hinges 7 ^, the arms 71 having an extension 721. The arms 71 have a shape such that, placed in the hinges 7 ^, They exert a pressure on the body 63 at the level of the openings 70 and on the pourer 65 at the level of the lips 66, the synthetic rubber from which the body 63 and the pourer 65 are made, making a spring at its level superfluous by its compressed elasticity. hinges 74 ·· The valve assembly in fig-9 and 10 works as follows: product 12 under pressure, acting on! lips 64 presses them one against the other, which causes the valve to close. The body 63 acting on the arms 71 c gives them a rotational movement around the axes of the hinges 74 so that the extensions? 2A strongly compress the lips 66 of the pourer 65, putting the product 12 contained in the body 63 and pourer 65 through the oxygen in the air, as well as possible microorganisms and preventing essential oils from a product 12 from diffusing to the outside.

When pressure is exerted on the outer arms 71 * 40, these move in the openings 70 in the direction of the £ / 1 "body 63, which causes a deformation of its wall, leading to a separation of the lips 64® Simultaneously, the 72Δ extensions move away from the lips 66® The lips 64 being open, the product 12 under pressure escapes and thanks to its pressure opens the passage of the lips 66: the product 12 s * flows out the pressure on the arms 71 "the body 63 resumes its shape and the lips 64 close under the pressure of the product 12o II ensues a depression inside the body 63 and the pourer 63 which results from the fact that the lips 64 are: „10 die ^ to be closed while the wall of the body 63 has not yet returned to its initial shape. This depression sucks the product 12 located at the level of the lips 66 which are at the same time pressed against each other by the extensions 72A of the clamp 72®. FIGS. 13, 14 and 13 show another form of * execution of an indicator of degree of filling of a diffuser container of the invention. The enclosure 75 is provided with a recess 76 i in which 8th places the whole of the indicator, i II is constituted by a hinge 77 "a rod 78 which carries a | 20 leaf spring 79 and a segment 80, which, depending on the degree of filling, can completely seal an opening 81. The expension of the pipe 18 displaces the rod 78, gradually putting on! sure of the displacement of the segment 80 under the opening 81 in order to completely seal it when the pipe 18 takes the form of the 23 unstopper line. During the contraction of the pipe 18, the rod 78 moves in the opposite direction, just as the segment 80 releases the opening 81 as the diffuser container of the invention! tion empties. Fig.14 shows the filling, fig.13 indi-; - that the diffuser container is empty.

The introduction of the core 1, carrying the pocket 13 into the I - pipe 18 poses an assembly problem for mass production, where the assembly time must be as short as possible while ensuring quality production. The problem results on the one hand from the fact that the core 1 is 40% section, preferably 55 75% larger than that of the pipe 18 and that the rubber of the pipe 18 is not slippery. It is also necessary to avoid any constraint of the pocket 13 “The £ ig.16, 17 and 18 describe it.

Before describing this process, it should be mentioned j, that the rubber hose 18 will be lubricated inside with silicone oil, not only to make it slippery / - <—> ----- --- I with a view to 1 * assembly, but so that it produces only a low friction during filling, during which the bag 13 must unfold radially while filling, if it is wound on the core 1 according to fig.21, or even unfold laterally if you choose, instead of wrapping around the core 1, to fold it into accordion folds according to fig.22, these folds being parallel to the longitudinal axis pocket 13 ·

The device of fig.16 consists of a charging cylinder 82 and a limiting enclosure 83 · The cylinder 82 f 10 carries at its end which comes into contact with the enclosure 83 four levers 84, mounted on axes 85, levers and axes being; sheathed by a rubber sleeve 86 · Means not shown are provided to put levers 84 in position 841.

The other end of the cylinder 82 is closed by a cover

'I

J 15 mobile 87, sealed by a seal 871 which carries in the axis a i pusher 88 which is mobile in its axis · A rod 89 of the pusher.

88 slides in a cable gland 90 and has a channel 91, through which it is possible to produce a vacuum. By means of a compressed air supply 92, the cylinder 82 can be pressurized. The enclosure 83 has a cylindrical shape 93 and it has an ovoid shape 94. The cylindrical shape 93 is arranged so that it rests on the periphery of the cuff 86 · The levers 84 have a shape such that the displacement 841 n is not hindered by the edge 93i- of the cylinder 93- An annular seal 93B 25 made of very flexible rubber, pressing against the edge of the pipe 18, expanded and consequently against the cuff 86, ensures the seal between the pipe 18 and the cuff 86. Near the ex-f end 95 of the enclosure 94 is a clamp 96, the whole of which can move in the direction of the arrows 97 and which can * - 30 open and open. close in the direction of the arrows 98. A dis-! - positive, not shown, makes it possible to cut the pipe 18 off the pliers 96.

f This device operates as follows: core 1 and pocket 13, previously assembled, are placed in the cylinder 35 82 so that they abut against the levers 84, the cover 1 87 being closed © The pusher 88 is perfectly adapted to the seat '5' this adaptation making it possible to evacuate the air from the core 1 by suction through the channel 90. By the vacuum thus created, the pusher 88 retains the core 1 on the one hand and by the evacuation 40 of the air between the pocket 13 and the core 1 it keeps the latter * wrapped around the latter. Simultaneously, the levers 84, capped with the cuff 86 are introduced into the pipe 18, which at the other end of the clamp, is placed between the clamp 96. The enclosure 83 is then placed around the pipe 18. The levers 5 84 are then placed in position 84A, which widens the pipe 18 and compressed air is introduced into the assembly by the supply: 92. As a result, the pipe 18 expands axially and radially: enough for the pusher 88 can move the core 1 ′ and the pocket 13 in the direction of the clamp 96 to the place 10 that the clamp 96 had before the inflation of the pipe 18, the core 1 being always retained by the pusher 88 by virtue of the vacuum mentioned. From this moment, the compressed air is let escape by the inlet 92 which gives the pipe 18 its initial shape, that is to say it contracts axially and radially, being placed around the core 1 and the pocket 13. The levers 84 are then moved to their initial position until they abut against the pusher 88, while the upper part of the tube 18 is housed on the outside of the pocket 13 near the part upper part of the core 1. The vacuum is then created in the core 1 through 20 to the channel 91% of the plunger and the clamp 96 is then opened to release the lower end of the tube 16, after which the closure 83 is gradually removed downwards with respect to the core 1 - pocket 13 - tube 18 assembly. At the same time * the levers 84 are still slightly displaced towards the position 84A, 26 which allows the pusher 88 to be retracted. After the closure 83 has been removed from the sleeve 86, it provides space for a device (not shown), which cuts an excess upper part of the tube 18 along the lower edge of the pusher 88.

When the latter comes vertically to its initial position, the cut part of the tube 18, at the same time as the said assembly, falls out of the machine and the above working cycle can be recom- mended.

The diffusing device according to the invention can without other being constructed differently according to the requirements of the product before being stored there, without thereby departing from the scope of the invention.

Fig. 23 shows a sectional view of a double diffuser device, intended for example for the packaging of products with double components. The pocket 142 is here of a volume 4? five times larger than the pocket 144, just as the thickness of the wall of the tube 143 made of natural rubber is greater than that of the wall of the tube 145, also made of natural rubber. These two assemblies are fixed to the valve body 148 using the flanges ^ 46 and 147. Note that the diameter of the 4-pipe 149 is larger than that of the pipe 150. The 2U - - ί difference d * thickness of the walls of the tubes 143 and 143 and the difference in size of the diameters of the pipes 149 and 130 are intended to ensure 1 · expulsion of a larger volume of product from the bag 142 compared to that of the bag 144 3 and d · thus automatically make a mixing ratio between the two components, for example a ratio of 15 or 1:10 etc. It is obvious that these data, that is to say differences in wall thickness and diameter of the pipes, will be adapted to the desired mixing ratios. Line 149 is closed off by a cylindrical plug 131 and line 130 by a cylindrical plug 132, these plugs being provided inside with springs 133 and 134. The plug 131 is pressed against a pusher 153, provided with line 136 which is closed by the synthetic rubber hose 157 which will also act as a cable gland. The plug 152 is pressed against the pusher 130 "provided with the pipe 159 which is closed by the pipe 160 made of synthetic rubber, also acting as a cable gland. The lines 149 and 150 carry bent pipes 161 and 162 which are directed so that the products which exit from the openings 163 and 164 mix. The assembly described is housed in a protective enclosure 166, provided with an opening 167 and capped with a cap 168.

For use, the pushers 155 and 138 are actuated by compressing them between two fingers. The pipe 136 is placed 25 in the axis of the pipe 149 and the pipe 159 in the axis of the pipe 130 "being understood on the one hand that the pushers 153 and 138 are guided in their axial movements without possible rotation and that d * on the other hand their race is limited. The products of bags 142 and 144, dosed by the means described,. 30 are expelled and mix after leaving the openings · = 164 and 165 *. Figs. 24 and 25 show another form of valve, of which Figs. 26 and 27 show a detail, usable with a diffuser container according to the invention. Placed between a valve body 169 and a nut 1? 0, there is a seal 171 made of synthetic rubber, having a notch 172, a rigid seal 173, a tube 174 made of synthetic rubber and a tube 175 which carries a valve head 176, fitted with a vaporization device 177 This valve, pressurized by the product from the pocket (not shown), is closed because the notch 172 * of the seal 171 is made at an angle in the mass of the rubber, the edges of which, thus formed and superimposed, apply perfectly against one another and that the tongue 172a resulting from the oblique notch 172 abuts against the lower end of the tube 175, which prevents the tab 172a to yield under the pressure of said product. The synthetic rubber tube 174 placed around the tubing 175 acts as a stuffing box when, using the head 176, the tubing 175 is moved towards the pocket, a movement which compresses the tube 174, thus creating the -10 required sealing * The tube 174 also acts as a spring and pushes the tube 175 back into its starting position as soon as the pressure exerted on the head 176 ceases.

The lower end of the tubing 175 moves the tab 172a toward the pocket, which opens the notch 172 through which the product from the pocket can escape to the outside. The seal 171, or even its notch 172, is closed again by the pressure of said product as soon as the movement of the tube 175 ceases.

Fig. 28 shows a device for metering the flow rate of the dis-positive according to the invention. Since there is no gas, a dosage of the product cannot be obtained, as is the case for known gas aerosols where the propellant gas, mixed with the product, retains its propelling and relaxing force even after leaving the container and being in the valve body.

In the diffuse container according to the invention, the product, once expelled from the bag, no longer contains any expelling energy. Now, for various products, one would like to dose said product when using, for example, mustard, mayonnaise, liquid extracts of coffee, tea, or even drugs. To achieve this goal, the bag 178 filled with such a product and the tube 179 made of natural rubber surrounding the bag are connected to a valve body 16C in which a piston 181 is received for reciprocating movement. This piston 161 is held in the closed position by a spring 182 which is supported by a rigid seal 163. The latter holds in place a flexible seal 184 made of synthetic rubber on a transverse bottom portion of the valve body 180. The piston 181 is extended towards the pocket 178 by a rod 185 carrying a cone 185a which adapts perfectly to an opening 180a, the whole thus closing the pocket 178. „The piston 181 carries on the upper part a tube 186, connected to the body of valve 180 through the piston 181 through openings 187 and 188. The tubing 186 is closed by a cone 189, held in place in the upper end of the sleeve 186 of corresponding level by means of a spring 5 190 supported in a partition 191a facing the sleeve 186, a discharge head 191 with a bent valve, the discharge opening 193 of which is at right angles to the central axis of the valve housing 180 and the sleeve 186. A cap screw 192 covers the upper end of the housing alve 180 and serves as a stop 10 for the upward movement of the piston 181.

! The dosing device operates as follows. When the || discharge head 191 is depressed by a finger printing a! pressure outside the wall 191 a of the head, · the piston 181 is pushed down by the sleeve 186 in the housing 1 Iß of valve 180, and the product contained in this housing circulates in the passages 187, 188 in the sleeve 186, raises the valve element 189 by overcoming the pressure of the spring 190, j and escapes through the outlet opening 193.

| At the same time, the piston rod 185 moves downwards 20 and puts the valve cone 185a out of contact with its seat in the opening 180ja, which releases the latter. The central opening of the seal 184 is fitted around the piston rod 185 and follows the downward movement of the latter deflected in the opening 180a, preserving the closure between the bag 178 and the piston rod. 185 · When the pressure on the discharge head 191 ceases, the spring 182 pushes the piston 181 upwards and the valve element 189, by the spring 190, is brought into contact with its seat at the upper end of the sleeve 186 to seal "this one.

The pressure of the product in the bag 178 acts on the edge or. flange of the central opening of flexible joint 184; this edge, as it does not meet any abutment nour retain it towards the

K

S low, bends upwards around the piston rod 185 and! clears a passage for the flow of the product towards the interior 35 of the valve housing 180 until the latter is filled.

* This passage remains open until the valve cone 185a is again firmly on its seat in the opening 180a.

I Thanks to the cap screw 192 it is possible to adjust the stroke * of the piston 181 and therefore to change the dose of product expelled by the action of the piston 181, as described above.

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According to another characteristic, at least one steel ball or the like can be placed in the bag for agitating deposits formed by products having a tendency to sedimentation; in this case, it is necessary to provide in the bag 5 a cage or the like to prevent the ball from damaging the wall of the bag. In addition, a separate sealing element can be provided between the bag and the core, in the contact area between them.

By choosing appropriate dimensions for the different passages (channels and conduits), in the devices described above, it is possible to maintain a diffusion rate of the product of, for example, 0.5 g / s, or preferably only 0.25 g / s, even when the pressure in the bag varies due to the aging of the rubber tube 18 or for other reasons, FIG. 29 is a graph showing the internal pressure, expressed in atmospheres, above the ambient pressure (on the ordinate), exerted by a natural rubber hose 18 having an internal section of 16 x (corresponding to an internal diameter of 8mm and a wall thickness of 3nun) in the unexpanded state, as a function of the degree of expansion in% (on the abscissa), calculated on the basis of the section in the unexpanded state. A 100% expansion means that the section is doubled.

The expansion value A designates the minimum expansion limit caused by placing the pipe on the core 1, and the expansion value B designates the maximum limit for the maximum volume with which the bag 13 can be filled.

The region of the curve between the values A and B will be called "linear elongation range" for the sake of brevity. The internal pressure in this range is practically constant, the variation being very small (at most about 7%).

We prefer to use natural rubber for its range, greater linear elongation (from 50 to 450%) and for εοη v slower aging. When stored for six to twelve months, a natural rubber hose having the above dimensions has an increase in diameter, due to aging, of about 20 to 30% maximum.

A synthetic rubber hose, for example in Buna, or in Neoprene (registered trademarks), undergoes an increase in internal diameter of at least 50% and its range of linear elongation-40 area is only about 40 to 350% .

> * + ----- i! An outer casing pipe 18 of natural rubber is therefore preferred. Aging is particularly noticeable at the top of an ovoid envelope element. Preferred, therefore, is a pipe 18 having two open ends 15.

i Other versions of the diffuser device according to the invention are also possible.

! j Μλ Thus, provision can be made to place one or more steel balls in the pocket, used to stir the products submitted; 10 to sedimentation. Of course, it is necessary to provide, in this case, a mounting device preventing said balls î can damage the pocket.

In addition, it is possible and often necessary to insert a sealing element between the pocket and the core.

Thanks to a judicious choice of the dimensions of the various channels in the valve, it is possible to maintain stable the flow rate of the product, for example at 0.5 g / s or preferably at 0.25 g / s, I even if the pressure inside the pocket varies, due to aging of the rubber hose or other effects.

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V

Claims (48)

1. Diffuser device for gaseous, liquid or pasty products, comprising an interior pocket of non-expandable deformable material to contain the product, an exterior envelope element, of macromolecular material of the rubber type, around the interior pocket, a outlet for the product associated with the bag, a valve for controlling the discharge of product from the bag ** through the outlet, this valve being arranged between the outlet and the ** ”bag, and a rigid core associated with the bag, characterized in that 'μ 10 -that the section of the core is at least 40% greater than the section, taken in the same plane, from the inside of the outer envelope element in the state unexpanded, the maximum volume that can be filled available in the pocket in the fully unfolded state without expansion of its walls constituting the maximum limit of ex-expansion of said outer envelope element, this maximum limit being situated in the range linear elongation (elongation range t practically without variation of the internal pressure) of said macromolecular material of the rubber type. 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the core is of elongated shape and contains a duct having at least two openings, at least one of which is situated at a first end of the core directed towards the valve, the other end of the core being closed. 3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the closed end of the core is rounded and has a smooth surface without relief. 4. Device according to one of claims 2 and 3, charac- ^ terized in that the end of the core where is located said door opening or constitutes a valve seat for the valve. I. .30 5. Device according to one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the core is inside the pocket, the latter "having a closed bottom and its rounded end being distant from said bottom. 6. Device according to one of claims 2 to 5, character-ized in that the core comprises means for fixing the pocket to the core near said first end in a sealed manner. 7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pocket is constituted by a folded laminated sheet welded on its edges en.chev overlage except in the discharge region. 8. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer casing element has the form of a tube having two ends, the upper end being tightly fixed to the pocket and / or to the core and the lower end being open and extending downward beyond the bottom of the po-5 ehe. 9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that | that clamping means are provided for sealingly connecting the upper end of the tube and the upper end of the bag to the core in the vicinity of said first end of the latter. 10. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, charac- 1. terized in that the valve comprises a seal made of flexible material i elastic. 11. Device according to one of claims 1 to 19, charac- terized in that the outlet comprises an atomizing nozzle. 12. Device according to one of claims l to 10; call characterized in that the outlet comprises at least one discharge spout {9e · 13. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the nozzle has an expulsion orifice and comprises at least two successive stages of channels generating turbulence, arranged successively in the direction of flow of the product through the nozzle and there putting the product in rotation, the second stage being superimposed on the first stage and giving the product a rotation in the same direction as the first stage. ! 14. Device according to claim 13, characterized in that the nozzle has a central chamber and at least two connecting channels leading from the central chamber to the expulsion orifice. * - 15. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the channels are parallel to the central axis of the expulsion orifice. *> 16. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the nozzle comprises from two to four channels leading from said chamber to the expulsion orifice and extending parallel to the central axis of the orifice. 'expulsion. 17. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the valve comprises a piston arranged to close the seat and i .1 having channels for the passage of the product from the bag to the; nozzle, the sum of the sections of all passages for the product; 40 in the core, through the seat and the piston, and in the nozzle decreasing in the direction of flow of the product towards the expulsion orifice, and the total volume of all the passages in the second stage being less than corresponding total volume in the * first floor. I 5 18. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that the nozzle comprises a first and a second body superposed, as the first and second stages of channels, the first body having a central chamber, an annular space or groove Γ - close or in the face of the first body in contact with the second | »10 bodies, and at least two connecting channels leading from said central chamber ** H I to said face. 19. Device according to Claim 18, characterized in that the second body comprises grooves or conduits for creating rotation I, leading from the annular groove to the expulsion orifice; The end face of the first body, surrounded by said annular groove, being distant from the entry of the expulsion orifice. 20. Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the total volume of said channels or grooves is x times equal to the volume of the annular groove, x being equal to the number of connecting channels i 20 in the first body, and the distance of said face ί | end or cone end of the first body at the inlet of the expulsion orifice i worth 1_ times the depth of the channels or grooves for creating rotation. 21. Device according to claim 18, characterized in that the two nozzle bodies are aligned on the central axis of the expulsion ori-j. 22. Device according to claim 21, characterized in! that the channel openings for the product inlet are so- | T killed at the inner periphery of the annular groove on said end face. i „! * 23. Device according to claim 1, characterized in | 'that the nucleus is in two parts, at least one of which is Ion- | adjustable heat. 24. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the section of the core is at least 75% greater than the inner sec-I tion of the unexpanded outer envelope element. 25. Device according to claim 17, characterized in i; that the piston is made of plastic and comprises spring means i constituted by elastic fingers in one piece 40 with the pistontet projecting into an adjacent cavity of the core. * j> o. ---- \ 26. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises clamping ring means for clamping an open upper end of said outer casing element at the upper ends of the pocket and of the core. 27. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pocket comprises, around an orifice, several fingers! arranged to pass around and on the outside of the upper open end J h of said outer casing element, 1. 28. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that L 10 that the valve has a seal to close the passage of the product - from the pocket to the piston channels, this seal being made of synthetic rubber and serving as a return spring for the piston . 29. Device according to claim 28, characterized in | that the seal is of sufficient thickness to close an orifice f 15 of the piston channels, this orifice having a diameter greater than 10.5 mm. 30. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer casing element is an extruded tube made of natural rubber. 31. Device according to claim 1, characterized in * that the outer casing element is injection molded and made of synthetic material of the rubber type. 32. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that. it includes a system for indicating the degree of filling of the bag with product. 33. Device according to claim 32, characterized in that said system is arranged to measure the degree of expansion of the outer casing element. - 34. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve comprises control means for closing it when the pressure in the bag is insufficient to expel the product therefrom. 35. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve comprises a neck having an outlet opening 35 and a shoulder, remote from the neck, at its upper end, the pocket having, between the neck and the shoulder, an outline curve. 36. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pocket has a neck having an outlet opening, the part of the pocket closest to the neck having a shoulder and the part of the pocket remote from the shoulder having ---- '' V folds of the accordion type. 37. Device according to claim 17, characterized in that the valve comprises a second piston housed in the central chamber and loaded by spring to stop the flow of the product from a channel of the piston in the central chamber. 38. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve comprises two slotted valve bodies made of plas- material; tick, at opposite ends of the valve, one of the bodies closing the flow of product and the other preventing the entry of air: ambient in the valve, means being provided for deforming the valve body to open the slots. 39. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pocket is made of deformable laminated sheet material, consisting of at least three layers, an outer layer of poly-15 ter, an intermediate layer of aluminum sheet and an inner layer of polyethylene or polypropylene, the latter being intended to be in contact with the product. 40. Device according to claim 39, characterized in that said sheet comprises a polyester layer interposed between the intermediate and interior layers. 41. Device according to one of claims 39, 40, characterized in that the intermediate layer has a thickness of at least 9 microns. 42. Device according to one of claims 39 to 41, ca-25 characterized in that the intermediate layer has a thickness of at least 50 microns, preferably at least 75 microns. 43. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the wall of the outer casing element is at least 2.25 mm, preferably 3 mm. 44. Device according to claim 1, characterized in * that it comprises an annular sealing element between the upper ends of the pocket and the core. , 45. Device according to claim 20, characterized in that x is equal to 4 and all the passages for the product from the bag, through the valve and towards the exit are dimensioned for the speed of exit of the product is at least 0.25 g / ε, preferably about 0.5 g / s, regardless of the pressure in the bag and acting on the product. 46. Method for manufacturing the device according to one of claims 1 to 45, characterized in that: the core is assembled, the pocket and the valve; we radially expand the outer envelope element? it is slipped over the core-pocket-valve assembly without exerting any constraint on the pocket; and the upper part of the outer casing element is tightened on the pocket and the core, under the junction of the latter with the valve. 47. A method according to claim 46, characterized in that a silicone-based layer is applied to the inner wall of the outer casing element before sliding it - over said assembly. 48. Method according to one of claims 46, 47, charac- vv risê in that one applies a clamping device on said assembly to maintain assembled its constituents before glis-1 ser the outer casing element on these tight parts. ’1 1 \>. \ I i I ^ ^ V. · \! II *. i £ i ^ i -: I i f i ί:. * £ ï »i