LU502790B1 - End-fire electrically small antenna with pattern reconfigurable function - Google Patents
End-fire electrically small antenna with pattern reconfigurable function Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- LU502790B1 LU502790B1 LU502790A LU502790A LU502790B1 LU 502790 B1 LU502790 B1 LU 502790B1 LU 502790 A LU502790 A LU 502790A LU 502790 A LU502790 A LU 502790A LU 502790 B1 LU502790 B1 LU 502790B1
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- Luxembourg
- Prior art keywords
- dielectric substrate
- excitation
- shaped metal
- stripe
- electrically small
- Prior art date
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
- H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
- H01Q9/265—Open ring dipoles; Circular dipoles
Abstract
Disclosed is an end-fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function. The end-fire electrically small antenna includes a first dielectric substrate and a second dielectric substrate, a magnetic dipole is attached to an upper surface of the first dielectric substrate, an excitation source is attached to a lower surface of the first dielectric substrate, an earth plate is attached to an upper surface of the second dielectric substrate, and includes three sector-shaped metal patches, a first gap is formed between every two adjacent sector-shaped metal patches, a PIN switching diode is arranged at each first gap, and a coaxial cable penetrates through the second dielectric substrate, and is connected with the excitation source. By means of the above technical solutions, the antenna is compact in structure, small in size and easy to machine and integrate; and the magnetic dipole and the earth plate are excited.
Description
BL-5557
LU502790
END-FIRE ELECTRICALLY SMALL ANTENNA WITH PATTERN
RECONFIGURABLE FUNCTION
[01] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to an end- fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function.
[02] Radar and satellites need to constantly change beam scanning directions to obtain signals in a certain direction and suppress noise interference from other directions when searching for the signals. Therefore, antennas with timely direction selectivity are needed in these communication systems, and antennas with pattern reconfigurable functions can meet this requirement, which can reconstruct antenna patterns by controlling switches in the same frequency band. In addition, electrically small antennas have attracted much attention due to their advantages of being small in occupied space, easy to integrate and the like. However, due to the limitation on sizes, the electrically small antennas have poor directionality, not to mention reconfigurable characteristics.
[03] The present disclosure aims at providing an end-fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function, which can rapidly switch patterns in the same working frequency band, and is simple in structure, rapid in response and low in manufacturing cost.
[04] In order to achieve the above objectives, the present disclosure provides an end-fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function. The end-fire electrically small antenna includes a first dielectric substrate; a second dielectric substrate, located below the first dielectric substrate, parallel to the first dielectric substrate and spaced from the first dielectric substrate; a magnetic dipole, attached to an upper surface of the first dielectric substrate; an excitation source, attached to a lower surface of the first dielectric substrate; an earth plate, attached to an upper surface of the second dielectric substrate and including three sector-shaped metal patches arranged in a circumferential direction of the second dielectric substrate, wherein a first gap is formed between every two adjacent sector-shaped metal patches, and a PIN switching diode is arranged at each first gap; and a coaxial cable, penetrating through the second dielectric substrate and connected to the excitation source.
[05] Optionally, the magnetic dipole includes three arc-shaped metal patches forming a ring structure, a second gap is formed between ends of every two adjacent arc-shaped metal patches, and a metal branch extending towards a center of the ring structure is formed at the end of each arc-shaped metal patch.
[06] Optionally, the excitation source includes three pairs of excitation stripes arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction of the first dielectric substrate, each pair of excitation stripes includes a first excitation stripe and a second excitation stripe parallel to each other, the first excitation stripes and the second excitation stripes extend in a radial direction of the first dielectric substrate from a center of the first dielectric substrate, an inner conductor of the coaxial cable is connected with an inner end of each first excitation stripe, and an outer
BL-5557 . . . . 145 . LU502790 conductor of the coaxial cable 1s connected with an inner end of each second excitation stripe.
[07] Optionally, three outer rectangular holes and two inner rectangular holes which are alternately formed in a circumferential direction are formed in each sector-shaped metal patch, each outer rectangular hole radially extends inwards from an outer edge of the sector-shaped metal patch, and each inner rectangular hole radially extends outwards from an inner edge of the sector-shaped metal patch.
[08] Optionally, an inductor and a rectangular metal stripe are arranged in the middle outer rectangular hole of the three outer rectangular holes in each sector-shaped metal patch, the rectangular metal stripe extends in a length direction of the outer rectangular hole, and the inductor is arranged at an inner end of the rectangular metal stripe.
[09] By means of the above technical solution, on one hand, the antenna is compact in structure, small in size and capable of being easily integrated in a wireless communication system; and on the other hand, the magnetic dipole and the earth plate of a curved structure are excited by the excitation source through a near-field coupling parasitic resonance technology; and meanwhile, the three PIN switching diodes are loaded on the earth plate, and the antenna patterns can be reconstructed by loading a direct-current bias circuit, so that the antenna is rapidly switched into three radiation modes, corresponding to three radiation patterns, in the same frequency band, scanning can cover horizontal spaces across the patterns by controlling switches, achieving high gains and radiation efficiency.
[10] Other features and advantages of the present disclosure will be described in detail in following specific implementations.
[11] The specific implementations of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementations described here are merely used for describing and explaining the present disclosure instead of limiting thereto.
[12] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an end-fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function according to one implementation of the present disclosure;
[13] FIG. 2 is a top view of a magnetic dipole of an end-fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function according to one implementation of the present disclosure;
[14] FIG. 3 is a bottom view of an excitation source of an end-fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function according to one implementation of the present disclosure;
[15] FIG. 4 is a top view of an earth plate of an end-fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function according to one implementation of the present disclosure;
[16] FIG. 5 is a relation curve graph of reflection coefficient |S11| and frequency of an end- fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function according to one implementation of the present disclosure;
BL-5557 . . . . LU502790
[17] FIG. 6 is a radiation field pattern of an end-fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function at 0 degree according to one implementation of the present disclosure;
[18] FIG. 7 is a radiation field pattern of an end-fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function at 120 degrees according to one implementation of the present disclosure; and
[19] FIG. 8 is a radiation field pattern of an end-fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function at 240 degrees according to one implementation of the present disclosure.
[20] The specific implementations of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementations described here are merely used for describing and explaining the present disclosure instead of limiting thereto.
[21] As shown in FIG. 1, the present disclosure provides an end-fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function, including a first dielectric substrate 1 and a second dielectric substrate 2 parallel to the first dielectric substrate 1. The second dielectric substrate 2 is located below the first dielectric substrate 1 and spaced from the first dielectric substrate 1. Here, the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 are both circular plates, and a diameter of the second dielectric substrate 2 is larger than that of the first dielectric substrate 1. A magnetic dipole 11 is attached to an upper surface of the first dielectric substrate 1, an excitation source 12 is attached to a lower surface of the first dielectric substrate 1, and additionally, an earth plate 21 is further attached to an upper surface of the second dielectric substrate 2. Here, the earth plate 21 includes three sector-shaped metal patches 211 arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction of the second dielectric substrate 2, a first gap 212 is formed between every two adjacent sector-shaped metal patches 211, and a PIN switching diode 6 is arranged at each first gap 212. The antenna further includes a coaxial cable 3 which penetrates through the second dielectric substrate 2, and is connected to the excitation source 12. By means of the above technical solution, on one hand, the antenna is compact in structure, small in size and capable of being easily integrated in a wireless communication system; and on the other hand, the magnetic dipole 11 and the earth plate 21 of a curved structure are excited by the excitation source through a near-field coupling parasitic resonance technology; and meanwhile, the three PIN switching diodes 6 are loaded on the earth plate 21, and the antenna patterns can be reconstructed by loading a direct-current bias circuit, so that the antenna is rapidly switched into three radiation modes corresponding to radiation patterns in three directions, scanning can cover horizontal spaces across the patterns by controlling turning-on-and-off of the PIN switching diodes 6, achieving high gains and radiation efficiency.
[22] Specifically, the magnetic dipole 11 includes three arc-shaped metal patches 111 forming a ring structure, a second gap 112 is formed between ends of every two adjacent arc- shaped metal patches 111, and as annular currents are needed for generating the magnetic dipole 11, a structural form of the magnetic dipole 11 is designed into a form of the three arc-shaped metal patches 111 in order to achieve smooth current flowing paths; and in addition, a bandwidth of the electrically small antenna can be expanded by the smooth current paths, a metal branch 113 extending towards a center of the ring structure is formed at the end of each arc-shaped metal patch 111, and here the metal branches 113 are formed to interact with three
BL-5557 pairs of excitation stripes of the excitation source, so as to excite the annular currents. LUS02790
[23] Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 3, the excitation source includes the three pairs of excitation stripes arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction of the first dielectric substrate 1, each pair of excitation stripes includes a first excitation stripe 121 and a second excitation stripe 122 parallel to each other, the first excitation stripes 121 and the second excitation stripes 122 extend in a radial direction of the first dielectric substrate 1 from a center of the first dielectric substrate 1, an inner conductor of the coaxial cable 3 is connected with an inner end of each first excitation stripe 121, and an outer conductor of the coaxial cable 3 is connected with an inner end of each second excitation stripe 122.
[24] As shown in FIG. 4, in one implementation provided by the present disclosure, three outer rectangular holes 213 and two inner rectangular holes 214 which are alternately formed in a circumferential direction are formed in each sector-shaped metal patch 211. Here, rectangular structures are machined in the sector-shaped metal patches 211, and on one hand, it is to prolong the current paths and ensure the small and compact electrically small antenna; and on the other hand, the rectangular holes may reduce opposite sides of the earth plate 21 and the magnetic dipole 11, thereby reducing coupling between the earth plate 21 and the magnetic dipole 11. Specifically, each outer rectangular hole 213 radially extends inwards from an outer edge of the sector-shaped metal patch 211, each inner rectangular hole 214 radially extends outwards from an inner edge of the sector-shaped metal patch 211, an inductor 4 and a rectangular metal stripe 5 are arranged in the middle outer rectangular hole 213 of the three outer rectangular holes 213 in each sector-shaped metal patch 211, the rectangular metal stripe 5 extends in a length direction of the outer rectangular hole 213, and the inductor 4 is arranged at an inner end of the rectangular metal stripe 5. Here, an outer end of the rectangular metal stripe 5 may be connected with a wire, to be used for controlling turning-on-and-off of switches when a direct-current power source is connected to two ends of the PIN switching diodes 6, and the inductor 4 connected to the inner end of the rectangular metal stripe 5 can prevent alternating-current signals from entering the direct current bias circuit to cause interference.
When the 1.4 V direct current power source is connected to the two ends of one PIN switching diode 6 for turning on, the other two PIN switching diodes 6 may be in a turned-off state, equivalently, binary arrays are formed by a long stripe formed by connecting two sector-shaped metal patches 211 and a short strip formed by another sector-shaped metal patch 211, and an optimum end-fire radiation property is obtained by adjusting a distance and a phase difference between the binary arrays.
[25] In addition, the magnetic dipole 11, the earth plate 21, the rectangular metal stripe 5, the first excitation stripes 121 and the second excitation stripes 122 are all copper-coated films with the same thickness.
[26] Specifically, according to one implementation provided by the present disclosure, in order to more conveniently ensure the radiation characteristic of the electrically small antenna through the near-field coupling technology, in the present disclosure, the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 are of circular structures, a radius of the first dielectric substrate 1 is 19 mm-22 mm, a thickness is 0.3 mm-0.9 mm, a radius of the second dielectric substrate 2 is 26 mm-28 mm, a thickness is 0.5 mm-0.9 mm, an internal diameter of the magnetic dipole 11 of the ring structure is 13 mm-16 mm, an external diameter is 18 mm- 22 mm, a width of each second gap 112 is 0.6 mm-1 mm, a length of each metal branch 113 is 13 mm-16 mm, a width of each metal branch 113 is 0.2 mm-0.6 mm, an interval between one first excitation stripe 121 and the corresponding second excitation stripe 122 is 1.1 mm-1.5 mm, a length of each first excitation stripe 121 is 10 mm-12 mm, a width is 0.4 mm-0.8 mm, an
BL-5557 . . . LU502790 external diameter of each sector-shaped metal patch 211 is 26 mm-30 mm, an internal diameter is 5 mm-9 mm, a length of each outer rectangular hole 213 is 12 mm-15 mm, a width is 1 mm- 4 mm, a length of each inner rectangular hole 214 is 17 mm-20 mm, a width is 2 mm-5 mm, a length of the rectangular metal stripe 5 is 13 mm-15 mm, and a width is 0.4 mm-1 mm. 5 [27] In one specific embodiment provided by the present disclosure, the thicknesses of the first dielectric substrate 1 and the second dielectric substrate 2 are 0.787 mm, the radius of the first dielectric substrate 1 is 21.4 mm, the radius of the second dielectric substrate 2 is 28 mm, their materials are both selected from The Rogers Duroid 5880, a relative dielectric constant is 2.2, a relative permeability is 1.0, and a loss angle tangent is 0.0009; the external diameter of each sector-shaped metal patch 211 is 28 mm, the internal diameter of each sector-shaped metal patch 211 is 7 mm, the length and the width of each outer rectangular hole 213 are 14.96 mm and 3 mm respectively, and the length and the width of each inner rectangular hole 214 are 18.16 mm and 3 mm respectively; and a width of each first gap 212 is 0.4 mm, the PID switching diodes 6 are loaded in the middle of the gaps, and the length and the width of the rectangular metal stripe 5 are 14.2 mm and 0.8 mm respectively.
[28] After the above initial design is completed, high-frequency electromagnetic simulation software HFSS13.0 is used for simulation analysis, and the optimum size of each parameter after simulation optimization is shown in Table 1, where: R1 represents the external diameter of the first dielectric substrate 1, R2 represents the external diameter of each arc-shaped metal patch 111, R3 represents the internal diameter of each arc-shaped metal patch 111, W1 represents the width of each metal branch 113, G1 represents the width of the second gap 112,
R4 represents the radius of the second dielectric substrate 2, RS represents the internal diameter of each sector-shaped metal patch 211, G2 represents the width of each first gap 212, L3 represents the length of each first excitation stripe, W6 represents the width of each first excitation stripe, and W5 represents the width of the gap between each first excitation stripe 121 and the corresponding second excitation stripe 122. L1 represents the length of each outer rectangular hole 213, L2 represents the length of each inner rectangular hole 214, W2 represents the width of each outer rectangular hole 213, W3 represents the width of each inner rectangular hole 214, and W4 represents the width of the rectangular metal stripe 5.
Table 1 Table for optimum size of each parameter of the present disclosure we es we ee
BL-5557
LU502790 1 (08
[29] The preferred implementations of the present disclosure are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present disclosure is not limited to specific details in the above implementations, and multiple simple variants can be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure within the technical concept scope of the present disclosure, and these simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
[30] It still should be noted that all the specific technical features described in the above specific implementations can be combined in any proper way under the condition that there is no contradiction, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetitions, various possible combination manners are not specified in the present disclosure any more.
[31] In addition, various different implementations of the present disclosure may also be combined at will, which should also be regarded as content disclosed by the present disclosure as long as they do not deviate from the thought of the present disclosure.
Claims (3)
1. An end-fire electrically small antenna with a pattern reconfigurable function, characterized by comprising: a first dielectric substrate; a second dielectric substrate, located below the first dielectric substrate, parallel to the first dielectric substrate and spaced from the first dielectric substrate; a magnetic dipole, attached to an upper surface of the first dielectric substrate; an excitation source, attached to a lower surface of the first dielectric substrate; an earth plate, attached to an upper surface of the second dielectric substrate and comprising three sector-shaped metal patches arranged in a circumferential direction of the second dielectric substrate, wherein a first gap is formed between every two adjacent sector- shaped metal patches, and a PIN switching diode is arranged at each first gap; and a coaxial cable, penetrating through the second dielectric substrate and connected to the excitation source.
2. The end-fire electrically small antenna with the pattern reconfigurable function according to claim 1, characterized in that the magnetic dipole comprises three arc-shaped metal patches forming a ring structure, a second gap is formed between ends of every two adjacent arc-shaped metal patches, and a metal branch extending towards a center of the ring structure is formed at the end of each arc-shaped metal patch.
3. The end-fire electrically small antenna with the pattern reconfigurable function according to claim 1, characterized in that the excitation source comprises three pairs of excitation stripes arranged at intervals in a circumferential direction of the first dielectric substrate, each pair of excitation stripes comprises a first excitation stripe and a second excitation stripe parallel to each other, the first excitation stripes and the second excitation stripes extend in a radial direction of the first dielectric substrate from a center of the first dielectric substrate, an inner conductor of the coaxial cable is connected with an inner end of each first excitation stripe, and an outer conductor of the coaxial cable is connected with an inner end of each second excitation stripe.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU502790A LU502790B1 (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | End-fire electrically small antenna with pattern reconfigurable function |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU502790A LU502790B1 (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | End-fire electrically small antenna with pattern reconfigurable function |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| LU502790B1 true LU502790B1 (en) | 2024-03-15 |
Family
ID=90195324
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU502790A LU502790B1 (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | End-fire electrically small antenna with pattern reconfigurable function |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| LU (1) | LU502790B1 (en) |
-
2022
- 2022-09-14 LU LU502790A patent/LU502790B1/en active IP Right Grant
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FG | Patent granted |
Effective date: 20240315 |