LU502412B1 - Circular polarization patch antenna for broadband - Google Patents

Circular polarization patch antenna for broadband Download PDF

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Publication number
LU502412B1
LU502412B1 LU502412A LU502412A LU502412B1 LU 502412 B1 LU502412 B1 LU 502412B1 LU 502412 A LU502412 A LU 502412A LU 502412 A LU502412 A LU 502412A LU 502412 B1 LU502412 B1 LU 502412B1
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LU
Luxembourg
Prior art keywords
folded
micro
line
section
strip line
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Application number
LU502412A
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German (de)
Inventor
Qiongsen Wu
Guohao Zhang
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Synergy Innovation Inst Of Gdut Heyuan
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Publication of LU502412B1 publication Critical patent/LU502412B1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/0428Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)

Abstract

The present application discloses a circular polarization patch antenna for a broadband, including a dielectric substrate, a square metal patch component, a micro-strip line, a plurality sets of folded and coupled line sets, a three-dimensional metal floor and a plurality of metal via holes; the square metal patch component, the micro-strip line and the folded and coupled line sets are located on a surface of the dielectric substrate, the three-dimensional metal floor is located on another surface of the dielectric substrate, and the square metal patch component is connected to the micro-strip line, the micro-strip line is connected to the folded and coupled line sets; and one end, penetrating through the dielectric substrate, of the metal via hole is connected to the folded and coupled line sets to form a parallel resonator, and the other end is connected to the three-dimensional metal floor.

Description

BL-5517
CIRCULAR POLARIZATION PATCH ANTENNA FOR BROADBAND LUS02412
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present disclosure belongs to the field of microwave communication, in particular relates to a circular polarization patch antenna for a broadband.
BACKGROUND
[0002] A circular polarization patch antenna is widely applied in satellite communication, GPS (Global Positioning System) positioning, etc. With the continuous upgrading of a wireless communication system, a new application has higher and higher performance requirements on an antenna in the wireless communication system. The operation broadband of the circular polarization antenna is wider and wider. A plurality of antenna units are required to be integrated in a smaller space, therefore a feed circuit of the antenna needs to reduce parasitic radiation, so as to reduce the influence on the whole performance of the antenna. Considering from a market product perspective, printing the antenna units and the feed circuit on the same dielectric substrate may reduce the processing and assembly cost.
[0003] A traditional circular polarization patch antenna for the broadband uses a plurality of parasitic radiation units, which increase the complexity of the antenna and are inconvenient for processing and assembly. The patch antenna is fed by using a broadband 90° phase shifter and a Wilkinson power divider, so as to expand the antenna bandwidth, however an isolating circuit of the power divider will absorb power and reduce the antenna efficiency, so the power divider is not suitable for high-power transmitting antennas. In recent years, some scholars use a coupled resonator to feed the antenna, so as to achieve the circular polarization characteristic of the bandwidth.
However, a coupled structure in the feed circuit is easy to generate parasitic radiation, thereby affecting a radiation directional diagram of the antenna. Therefore, the circular polarization patch antenna for the broadband, with easy processing and assembly, little parasitic radiation of the feed circuit and capability of expanding the broadband characteristic, is of great practical significance in the wireless communication system.
SUMMARY
[0004] For the above problem, the present disclosure provides a novel circular polarization patch antenna for a broadband, a feed circuit is directly connected by a 1
BL-5517 multi-section micro-strip line, and then a folded and coupled line resonator is connected 0002612 in parallel, so as to achieve the purpose of expanding the broadband characteristic.
Meanwhile, an antenna feed structure adopts a direct connection way, which 1s beneficial to reducing the parasitic radiation generated by the feed circuit and reducing the influence on the antenna radiation; and the whole antenna structure may be achieved in a single-layer dielectric plate, and the processing is convenient.
[0005] The present disclosure is achieved by the following technical solution:
[0006] A circular polarization patch antenna for a broadband, including a dielectric substrate with a thickness less than a wave length of a working frequency point, a square metal patch component, a micro-strip line, a plurality sets of folded and coupled line sets, a three-dimensional metal floor and a metal via hole; the square metal patch component, the micro-strip line and the folded and coupled line sets are located on a surface of the dielectric substrate, the three-dimensional metal floor is located on another surface of the dielectric substrate, and the square metal patch component and the folded and coupled line sets are connected to the micro-strip line; and one end, penetrating through the dielectric substrate, of the metal via hole is connected to the folded and coupled line sets to form a parallel resonator, and the other end is connected to the three-dimensional metal floor.
[0007] Further, the micro-strip line includes a first micro-strip line, a second micro-strip line, a third micro-strip line, a fourth micro-strip line and a feed micro-strip line;
[0008] One end of the first micro-strip line and one end of the second micro-strip line are respectively connected to two adjacent sides of the square metal patch component, the other end of the first micro-strip line is connected to one end of the third micro-strip line, and the other end of the second micro-strip line is connected to one end of the fourth micro-strip line; the third micro-strip line is connected to the other end of the fourth micro-strip line; and one end of the feed micro-strip line is connected to the third micro-strip line so as to form a feed port.
[0009] Further, the first micro-strip line and the second micro-strip line are 1/4 wave length micro-strip lines.
[0010] Further, a connecting point of the first micro-strip line, the second micro-strip line and the two adjacent sides of the square metal patch component is a central point of the two sides of the square metal patch component, and preferably the square metal patch component is a square shape. 2
BL-5517
[0011] Further, electrical lengths of the first micro-strip line and the second micro-strip 0502412 line are 90°on a central frequency.
[0012] Further, characteristic impedances of the third micro-strip line and the fourth micro-strip line are 100 Ohm.
[0013] Further, a difference of the electrical lengths between the third micro-strip line and the fourth micro-strip line is 90°.
[0014] Further, impedance of the feed port is 50 Ohm.
[0015] Further, the plurality sets of folded and coupled line sets are composed of a first set of folded and coupled line set and a second set of folded and coupled line set, the first set of folded and coupled line set includes a first section of folded and coupled line and a second section of folded and coupled line, the second set of folded and coupled line set includes a third section of folded and coupled line and a fourth section of folded and coupled line, each set of folded and coupled line set is composed of two sections of folded and coupled line, the first section of folded and coupled line does not contact with the second section of folded and coupled line but couples with each other, and the third section of folded and coupled line does not contact with the fourth section of folded and coupled line but couples with each other; and the first section of folded and coupled line, the second section of folded and coupled line, the third section of folded and coupled line and the fourth section of folded and coupled line are folded and arranged relatively. The preferable folding shape of the first section of folded and coupled line, the second section of folded and coupled line, the third section of folded and coupled line and the fourth section of folded and coupled line is vertically folded and S-shaped folding, with relative arrangement.
[0016] Further, the metal via hole includes a first metal via hole and a second metal via hole, the first set of folded and coupled line set and the second set of folded and coupled line set are symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the metal patch component, the first section of folded and coupled line is connected to the first metal via hole, the second section of folded and coupled line is connected between the first micro-strip line and the third micro-strip line, and the first section of folded and coupled line, the second section of folded and coupled line and the first metal via hole form the parallel resonator together;
[0017] The third section of folded and coupled line is connected to the second metal via hole, and the fourth section of folded and coupled line is connected between the second micro-strip line and the fourth micro-strip line; 3
BL-5517
[0018] The third section of folded and coupled line, the fourth section of folded and 0502412 coupled line and the second metal via hole form the parallel resonator together.
[0019] Further, the electrical lengths of the first section of folded and coupled line, the second section of folded and coupled line, the third section of folded and coupled line and the fourth section of folded and coupled line are 1/4 wave length of the central frequency.
[0020] Beneficial effects: the present disclosure achieves the purpose of expanding the broadband characteristic by adding a parallel resonator structure composed of the metal via hole and the folded and coupled line sets; meanwhile, a way of directly connecting the antenna by the micro-strip line reduces the parasitic radiation of the feed circuit; and the antenna radiation unit and the feed circuit may be placed on the same surface of the dielectric substrate, and with a low section, low cost and simple manufacturing, the processing and assembly are convenient.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] FIG 1 is a solid diagram of a circular polarization patch antenna for a broadband in the present disclosure;
[0022] FIG 2 is a vertical view of a circular polarization patch antenna for a broadband in the present disclosure;
[0023] FIG 3 is a schematic diagram of an input reflection coefficient of a circular polarization patch antenna for a broadband in the present disclosure;
[0024] FIG 4 is a gain curve diagram of a circular polarization patch antenna for a broadband in the present disclosure;
[0025] FIG 5 is an axial ratio curve view of a circular polarization patch antenna for a broadband in the present disclosure;
[0026] FIG 6 is a directional diagram of a circular polarization patch antenna for a broadband in a working frequency in the present disclosure;
[0027] Wherein: 1-dielectric substrate, 2-square metal patch component, 3-three-dimensional metal floor, 4-first micro-strip line, 5-second micro-strip line, 6-first section of folded and coupled line, 7-second section of folded and coupled line, 8-third section of folded and coupled line, 9-fourth section of folded and coupled line, 10-second metal via hole, 11-first metal via hole, 12-third micro-strip line, 13-fourth micro-strip line, and 14-feed micro-strip line. 4
BL-5517
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS LUS02412
[0028] The technical solution of the present disclosure is further described below in combination with the drawings.
[0029] As shown in FIG 1 and FIG 2, a circular polarization patch antenna for a broadband, including a dielectric substrate 1 with a thickness less than a wave length of a working frequency point, a square metal patch component 2, a micro-strip line, a plurality sets of folded and coupled line sets, a three-dimensional metal floor 3 and a metal via hole; the square metal patch component 2, the micro-strip line and the folded and coupled line sets are located on a surface of the dielectric substrate 1, the three-dimensional metal floor 3 is located on another surface of the dielectric substrate 1, and the square metal patch component 2 and the folded and coupled line sets are connected to the micro-strip line; and one end, penetrating through the dielectric substrate 1, of the metal via hole is connected to the folded and coupled line sets to form a parallel resonator, and the other end is connected to the three-dimensional metal floor 3.
[0030] Further, the micro-strip line includes a first micro-strip line 4, a second micro-strip line 5, a third micro-strip line 12, a fourth micro-strip line 13 and a feed micro-strip line 14;
[0031] One end of the first micro-strip line 4 and one end of the second micro-strip line
S are respectively connected to two adjacent sides of the square metal patch component 2, the other end of the first micro-strip line 4 is connected to one end of the third micro-strip line 12, and the other end of the second micro-strip line 5 is connected to one end of the fourth micro-strip line 13; the third micro-strip line 12 is connected to the other end of the fourth micro-strip line 13; and one end of the feed micro-strip line 14 is connected to a joint of the third micro-strip line 12 and the fourth micro-strip line 13 so as to form a feed port.
[0032] Further, the first micro-strip line 4 and the second micro-strip line 5 are 1/4 wave length micro-strip lines. The connecting micro-strip line of 1/4 wave length is equal to a 1/4 wave length impedance transformer, which is used as a coupled structure between the square metal patch component and the folded and coupled line resonator.
[0033] Further, the square metal patch component 2 is square, and a connecting point of the first micro-strip line 4, the second micro-strip line 5 and the two adjacent sides of the square metal patch component 2 is a central point of two sides of the square metal patch component 2. Such connecting way may stimulate TM10 mode and TMO1 mode 5
BL-5517 of the antenna respectively, so as to achieve the beneficial effect of avoiding mutual 0502412 interference.
[0034] Further, electrical lengths of the first micro-strip line 4 and the second micro-strip line 5 are 90° on a central frequency.
[0035] Further, characteristic impedances of the third micro-strip line 12 and the fourth micro-strip line 13 are 100 Ohm. After the two 100 Ohm of micro-strip lines are connected in parallel, the impedance is 50 Ohm, which matches with the 50 Ohm of input feeder line.
[0036] Further, a difference of the electrical lengths between the third micro-strip line 12 and the fourth micro-strip line 13 is 90°, which may achieve 90° of phase difference of an antenna orthogonal radiation field and meet the conditions of antenna circular polarization radiation.
[0037] Further, the impedance of the feed port is 50 or 75 Ohm. Preferably, the impedance is 50 Ohm.
[0038] Further, the plurality sets of folded and coupled line sets are composed of a first set of folded and coupled line set and a second set of folded and coupled line set, the first set of folded and coupled line set includes a first section of folded and coupled line 6 and a second section of folded and coupled line 7, the second set of folded and coupled line set includes a third section of folded and coupled line 8 and a fourth section of folded and coupled line 9, the first section of folded and coupled line 6 does not contact with the second section of folded and coupled line 7 but couples with each other, the coupling is weak coupling, and the coupling degree is preferably less than -10db; the third section of folded and coupled line 8 does not contact with the fourth section of folded and coupled line 9 but couples each other, the coupling is weak coupling, and the coupling degree is preferably less than -10db; the first section of folded and coupled line 6, the second section of folded and coupled line 7, the third section of folded and coupled line 8 and the fourth section of folded and coupled line 9 are folded and arranged relatively, preferably a vertical folding and a S-shaped relative arrangement, and the parasitic radiation may be reduced by the folding way.
[0039] Further, the metal via hole includes a first metal via hole 11 and a second metal via hole 10, the first set of folded and coupled line set and the second set of folded and coupled line set are symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the metal patch component 2, the first section of folded and coupled line 6 and the second section of folded and coupled line 7 are connected to the first metal via hole 11 to form the parallel 6
BL-5517 resonator; the third section of folded and coupled line 8 and the fourth section of folded 0502412 and coupled line 9 are connected to the second metal via hole 10 to form the parallel resonator; the first section of folded and coupled line 6 is connected to the metal via hole 11, the second section of folded and coupled line 7 is connected between the first micro-strip line 4 and the third micro-strip line 12, preferably the connecting point of the first micro-strip line 4 and the third micro-strip line 12; and the third section of folded and coupled line 8 is connected to the second metal via hole 10, and the fourth section of folded and coupled line is connected between the second micro-strip line 5 and the fourth micro-strip line 13, preferably the connecting point of the second micro-strip line 5 and the fourth micro-strip line 13.
[0040] In order to expand the broadband characteristic of the antenna, the first section of coupled and folded line 6, the second section of folded and coupled line 7 and the first metal via hole 11 form the parallel resonator, the square metal patch component 2 is used as the antenna radiation unit, the first micro-strip line 4 of 1/4 wave length is used as the coupled unit and connected to the parallel resonator and the square metal patch component 2, and the three parts may be equivalent to a second-order band-pass filter network. Similarly, the third section of coupled and folded line 8, the fourth section of folded and coupled line 9 and the second metal via hole 10 form the parallel resonator, the second micro-strip line 5 of 1/4 wave length is used as the coupled unit and connected to the parallel resonator and the square metal patch component 2, and the three parts are also equivalent to a second-order band-pass filter network. The equivalent circuit networks of the two band-pass filters are designed to Chebyshev response with the same bandwidth and return loss, therefore the effect of expanding the broadband characteristic of the antenna may be achieved, meanwhile the feed circuit of the antenna use the directly connected micro-strip line to avoid using the coupled structure, so that the parasitic radiation of the feed circuit may be greatly reduced, and the influence on the antenna directional diagram is reduced. In the above filter network structure, the parallel resonator requires very high admittance slope. If the traditional half wave length or 1/4 wave length resonator is used, the characteristic impedance of the transmission line will be very low, which is not suitable to be achieved by using the micro-strip line structure. In the present disclosure, the electrical lengths of the first section of folded and coupled line 6 and the second section of folded and coupled line 7 are preferably 1/4 wave length in the central frequency, the two sections of lines are coupled and equivalent to a section of 1/4 wave length transmission line in the central 7
BL-5517 frequency, and the characteristic impedance is a half of the difference value of the odd 0002612 and even mode impedance of the coupled line. The present disclosure adopts weak coupling, the difference value of the odd and even mode impedance of the coupled line is very small, and therefore the parallel resonator structure provided by the present invention may achieve a high admittance slope, so as to meet the design requirement.
The third section of folded and coupled line 8 and the fourth section of folded and coupled line 9 have the same principle. In addition, the parallel resonator structure provided by the present invention introduces one transmission zero point respectively at the low frequency and the high frequency of the central frequency, as shown in FIG 4, so that the antenna gain selectivity may be effectively improved.
[0041] FIG 3 shows a reflection coefficient of the antenna of the prevent disclosure changed along the frequency, it may find that the antenna has better matching in the frequency of 5.0-5.3 GHz, and the reflection coefficient is less than -10dB.
[0042] FIG 4 is a frequency variation characteristic of the antenna gain of the present disclosure. Around the central frequency, the antenna gain is kept around 7.8 dBi, and then a flat gain response is formed. The antenna gain is quickly reduced outside the working frequency band, a gain zero point is formed around 4.83 GHz and 5.49 GHz, and the antenna gain response forms filtering characteristics.
[0043] FIG S is a variation characteristic of the antenna axial ratio with frequency in the present disclosure, thus, two minimum value points of the axial ratio appear in the working frequency band, and then the broadband axial ratio response is formed.
[0044] FIG 6 is a radiation directional diagram of the antenna of the present disclosure in the working frequency of 5.1 GHz, and the maximum radiation direction is located just above the antenna, with low cross-polarization.
[0045] In conclusion, the circular polarization patch antenna for the broadband provided by the present disclosure achieves the purpose of expanding the broadband characteristic by adding the parallel resonator structure composed of the metal via hole and the folded and coupled line sets; meanwhile, a way of directly connecting the antenna by the micro-strip line reduces the parasitic radiation of the feed circuit; and the antenna radiation unit and the feed circuit may be placed on the same surface of the dielectric substrate, and processing and assembly are convenient.
[0046] In conclusion, the above is only the specific implementation mode of the present disclosure, but the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited to this. The change and replacement made by any skilled familiar with this technology 8
BL-5517
Le . . . LU502412 within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present disclosure shall be covered by the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure shall be subject to the scope of protection specified in the claims. 9

Claims (10)

BL-5517 Claims LU502412
1. À circular polarization patch antenna for a broadband, wherein the circular polarization patch antenna comprises a dielectric substrate with a thickness less than a wave length of a working frequency point, a square metal patch component, a micro-strip line, a plurality sets of folded and coupled line sets, a three-dimensional metal floor and a plurality of metal via holes; the square metal patch component, the micro-strip line and the folded and coupled line sets are located on a surface of the dielectric substrate, the three-dimensional metal floor is located on another surface of the dielectric substrate, and the square metal patch component and the folded and coupled line sets are connected to the micro-strip line; and one end, penetrating through the dielectric substrate, of the metal via hole is connected to the folded and coupled line sets to form a parallel resonator, and the other end is connected to the three-dimensional metal floor.
2. The circular polarization patch antenna of claim 1, wherein the micro-strip line comprises a first micro-strip line, a second micro-strip line, a third micro-strip line, a fourth micro-strip line and a feed micro-strip line; one end of the first micro-strip line and one end of the second micro-strip line are respectively connected to two adjacent sides of the square metal patch component, the other end of the first micro-strip line is connected to one end of the third micro-strip line, and the other end of the second micro-strip line is connected to one end of the fourth micro-strip line; the third micro-strip line is connected to the other end of the fourth micro-strip line; and one end of the feed micro-strip line is connected to the third micro-strip line so as to form a feed port.
3. The circular polarization patch antenna of claim 2, wherein the first micro-strip line and the second micro-strip line are 1/4 wave length micro-strip lines.
4. The circular polarization patch antenna of claim 2, wherein a connecting point of the first micro-strip line, the second micro-strip line and the two adjacent sides of the square metal patch component is a central point of the two sides of the square metal patch component.
5. The circular polarization patch antenna of claim 2, wherein electrical lengths of the first micro-strip line and the second micro-strip line are 90°on a central frequency.
6. The circular polarization patch antenna of claim 2, wherein characteristic impedances of the third micro-strip line and the fourth micro-strip line are 100 Ohm.
7. The circular polarization patch antenna of claim 2, wherein a difference of the
BL-5517 electrical lengths between the third micro-strip line and the fourth micro-strip line is 0502412
90°.
8. The circular polarization patch antenna of claim 2, wherein impedance of the feed port is 50 Ohm.
9. The circular polarization patch antenna of claim 2, wherein the plurality sets of folded and coupled line sets are composed of a first set of folded and coupled line set and a second set of folded and coupled line set, the first set of folded and coupled line set comprises a first section of folded and coupled line and a second section of folded and coupled line, the second set of folded and coupled line set comprises a third section of folded and coupled line and a fourth section of folded and coupled line, the first section of folded and coupled line does not contact with the second section of folded and coupled line but couples with each other, and the third section of folded and coupled line does not contact with the fourth section of folded and coupled line but couples with each other; and the first section of folded and coupled line, the second section of folded and coupled line, the third section of folded and coupled line and the fourth section of folded and coupled line are folded and arranged relatively; the electrical lengths of the first section of folded and coupled line, the second section of folded and coupled line, the third section of folded and coupled line and the fourth section of folded and coupled line are 1/4 wave length of the central frequency.
10. The circular polarization patch antenna of claim 9, wherein the metal via hole comprises a first metal via hole and a second metal via hole, the first set of folded and coupled line set and the second set of folded and coupled line set are symmetrically arranged at the two sides of the metal patch component; the first section of folded and coupled line is connected to the first metal via hole, the second section of folded and coupled line is connected between the first micro-strip line and the third micro-strip line; and the first section of folded and coupled line, the second section of folded and coupled line and the first metal via hole form the parallel resonator together; the third section of folded and coupled line is connected to the second metal via hole, and the fourth section of folded and coupled line is connected between the second micro-strip line and the fourth micro-strip line; the third section of folded and coupled line, the fourth section of folded and coupled line and the second metal via hole form the parallel resonator together. 11
LU502412A 2022-01-07 2022-06-29 Circular polarization patch antenna for broadband LU502412B1 (en)

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CN114843758A (en) * 2022-06-02 2022-08-02 上海卷积通讯技术有限公司 Antenna for improving low elevation gain out-of-roundness and phase center stability

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