LU502408B1 - Composite cathode material doped with nano-graphite and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Composite cathode material doped with nano-graphite and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- LU502408B1 LU502408B1 LU502408A LU502408A LU502408B1 LU 502408 B1 LU502408 B1 LU 502408B1 LU 502408 A LU502408 A LU 502408A LU 502408 A LU502408 A LU 502408A LU 502408 B1 LU502408 B1 LU 502408B1
- Authority
- LU
- Luxembourg
- Prior art keywords
- graphite
- nano
- preparation
- capacity
- salc
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 241001149258 Sporobolus alterniflorus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 11
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 8
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004833 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009830 intercalation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001237 Raman spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000157 electrochemical-induced impedance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002687 intercalation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018089 Al Ka Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910016523 CuKa Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102000020897 Formins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091022623 Formins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005260 alpha ray Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003013 cathode binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000840 electrochemical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005501 phase interface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium perchlorate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O BAZAXWOYCMUHIX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001488 sodium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Claims (8)
1. Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines mit Nano-Graphit dotierten Verbundkathodenmaterials, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es die folgenden Schritte umfasst: (1) Zugabe von Nano-Graphit zu Spartina alterniflora-Pulver, Durchführung von primärer Pyrolyse, Kühlung und sekundärer Pyrolyse, um ein gemischtes Kohlenstoffmaterial zu erhalten; (2) Behandlung des gemischten Kohlenstoffmaterials nacheinander mit Alkali und Säure, um das mit Nano-Graphit dotierte Verbundkathodenmaterial zu erhalten.
2. Das Herstellungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Herstellung des Spartina alterniflora-Pulvers umfasst: Schneiden von Blättern und Stängeln von Spartina alterniflora, Trocknen bei 140-160 °C fur 48 h und Zerkleinern, um das Spartina alterniflora-Pulver zu erhalten.
3. Das Herstellungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dotierungsmenge von Nano-Graphit in Spartina alterniflora-Pulver 0-10wt% beträgt und die Dotierungsmenge nicht 0% 1st.
4. Das Herstellungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die primären Pyrolysebedingungen Argon-Atmosphäre sind, die Temperatur 550-650 Cbetragt, und die Zeit 18-22 Minuten beträgt; die Temperatur der sekundären Pyrolyse beträgt 1100-1300°C und die Zeit 2,5-3,5 h.
5. Das Herstellungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Alkalibehandlung umfasst: Zugabe des gemischten Kohlenstoffmaterials in eine Kaliumhydroxidlôsung mit einem Massenanteil von 8-12 % und Erhitzen auf 55-65°C für 50-70 min.
6. Das Herstellungsverfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Säurebehandlung umfasst: Zugabe des gemischten Kohlenstoffmaterials in Salzsäure mit einer Konzentration von 2,8-3,2 mol/L und Erhitzen auf 55-65°C für 50-70 min.
7. Ein mit Nano-Graphit dotiertes Verbundkathodenmaterial, hergestellt nach dem Herstellungsverfahren nach einem der Anspriiche 1 bis 6.
8. Fine Anwendung des mit Nano-Graphit dotierten Verbundkathodenmaterials nach Anspruch 7 bei der Flektrodenherstellung.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210519968.XA CN114824225A (zh) | 2022-05-12 | 2022-05-12 | 一种掺杂纳米石墨的复合负极材料及其制备方法 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| LU502408B1 true LU502408B1 (en) | 2023-01-04 |
Family
ID=82515290
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU502408A LU502408B1 (en) | 2022-05-12 | 2022-06-29 | Composite cathode material doped with nano-graphite and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114824225A (de) |
| LU (1) | LU502408B1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106602013B (zh) * | 2016-12-19 | 2020-11-27 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | 一种硫-活性炭/石墨烯复合材料的制备方法 |
| CN109449386A (zh) * | 2018-09-27 | 2019-03-08 | 中山大学 | 一种可提高钠离子电池首次库伦效率的硬碳镶嵌纳米石墨复合结构的制备方法 |
| CN113044827B (zh) * | 2021-03-16 | 2023-04-21 | 昆山昆鹏利杰高分子材料技术有限公司 | 纳米碳材复合生物质硬碳电极材料及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN113839039B (zh) * | 2021-08-31 | 2023-05-16 | 湖南宸宇富基新能源科技有限公司 | 一种异质碳包覆的石墨负极材料及其制备和在锂二次电池中的应用 |
-
2022
- 2022-05-12 CN CN202210519968.XA patent/CN114824225A/zh active Pending
- 2022-06-29 LU LU502408A patent/LU502408B1/en active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114824225A (zh) | 2022-07-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Shao et al. | Pushing the energy output and cycling lifespan of potassium‐ion capacitor to high level through metal–organic framework derived porous carbon microsheets anode | |
| Chen et al. | Disordered, large interlayer spacing, and oxygen‐rich carbon nanosheets for potassium ion hybrid capacitor | |
| Xie et al. | Unveiling the role of hydrothermal carbon dots as anodes in sodium-ion batteries with ultrahigh initial coulombic efficiency | |
| Deng et al. | Oxygen vacancy modulated Ti2Nb10O29-x embedded onto porous bacterial cellulose carbon for highly efficient lithium ion storage | |
| Liu et al. | 2D metal–organic frameworks derived nanocarbon arrays for substrate enhancement in flexible supercapacitors | |
| Qie et al. | Sulfur‐doped carbon with enlarged interlayer distance as a high‐performance anode material for sodium‐ion batteries | |
| He et al. | Carbon coating to suppress the reduction decomposition of electrolyte on the Li4Ti5O12 electrode | |
| Zhou et al. | Biocarbon with different microstructures derived from corn husks and their potassium storage properties | |
| Schutjajew et al. | Preparation of hard carbon/carbon nitride nanocomposites by chemical vapor deposition to reveal the impact of open and closed porosity on sodium storage | |
| Wang et al. | Sulfur-doped biomass carbon as anode for high temperature potassium ion full cells | |
| Lei et al. | From spent lithium-ion batteries to high performance sodium-ion batteries: a case study | |
| Sun et al. | Ionic liquid-induced ultrathin and uniform N-doped carbon-wrapped T-Nb2O5 microsphere anode for high-performance lithium-ion battery | |
| Yang et al. | Improving the electrochemical performance of Li2ZnTi3O8 by surface KCl modification | |
| Li et al. | Controllable deposition of FeV2S4 in carbon fibers for sodium-ion storage with high capacity and long lifetime | |
| Sun et al. | High rate capability performance of ordered mesoporous TiNb 6 O 17 microsphere anodes for lithium ion batteries | |
| Zhang et al. | Lanthanum-doped Na4Fe3 (PO4) 2P2O7/C as cathode materials in sodium-ion batteries: Enhanced ion diffusion kinetics and embedded pseudocapacitance | |
| Lu et al. | Green strategy for embedding SnO2/Sn within carbon plates to achieve improved cyclic stability of lithium storage | |
| Yan et al. | Na3MnTi (PO4) 3/C composite as an anode for Na-ion batteries with superior rate performance and long-term span | |
| Sahu et al. | Performance of wasteland biomass Calotropis gigantea derived activated carbon as Lithium-ion battery anode | |
| Gao et al. | Synergistic internal and external modification of TiNb2O7 through ion doping and interfacial engineering for high-performance lithium-ion batteries | |
| Miao et al. | Molten Na reduced T-Nb2O5 nanorods enable enhanced Na-storage performance | |
| Bian et al. | An effective strategy to achieve high-power electrode by tin doping: Snx-TiNb2O7 as a promising anode material with a large capacity and high-rate performance for lithium-ion batteries | |
| Kaur et al. | Sustainable Manufacturing of Graphitic Carbon from Bio‐Waste Using Flash Heating for Anode Material of Lithium‐Ion Batteries with Optimal Performance | |
| Dong et al. | A composite anode based on intercalation and conversion mechanism for high-rate lithium-ion batteries | |
| Chen et al. | Studying the variable energy band structure for energy storage materials in charge/discharge process |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FG | Patent granted |
Effective date: 20230104 |