LU502295A1 - Passive cooling/heating double-effect material - Google Patents
Passive cooling/heating double-effect material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- LU502295A1 LU502295A1 LU502295A LU502295A LU502295A1 LU 502295 A1 LU502295 A1 LU 502295A1 LU 502295 A LU502295 A LU 502295A LU 502295 A LU502295 A LU 502295A LU 502295 A1 LU502295 A1 LU 502295A1
- Authority
- LU
- Luxembourg
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- passive cooling
- emitting layer
- heating double
- selective emitting
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 162
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
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- 241000206607 Porphyra umbilicalis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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Classifications
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
- B32B2307/416—Reflective
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
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Abstract
Disclosed in the present invention is a passive cooling/heating double-effect material which can achieve dual purposes of cooling and heat collection. The passive cooling heating 5 double-effect material comprises a selective emitting laver and a reflective laver which are connected to each other the selective emitting layer achieves dual purposes of cooling and heat collection by means of the reversible change of a color and the reflective layer is used to reflect incident solar radiation.
Description
1 001969P-WOLU Passive cooling/heating double-effect material 7502295 Technical field The invention belongs to the field of passive energy utilization and materials, and more specifically, relates to a passive cooling/heating double-effect material. Background technology The widespread use of air conditioning has led to a significant increase in energy consumption. Buildings consume about 40% of the world's energy every year, of which the energy consumption of air conditioning systems is more than 50%. How to reduce the energy consumption of air conditioning systems has become a hot topic of research, in which passive cooling technology has attracted widespread attention.
The temperature of the outer space is close to absolute zero and it can be utilized as a high- capacity cooling source. The atmosphere around the earth is transparent to visible light and opaque to the vast majority of infrared radiation. In the wavelength of 8-13 um, the absorption capacity of the atmosphere is very weak, therefore, this band has a high transparency which is known as the "atmospheric window". Objects on the earth's surface can be cooled by emitting heat to the outer space through this "atmospheric window". This passive cooling technology does not require additional electrical input and can achieve cooling objects, thus it can effectively reduce building energy consumption.
The research on radiative cooling started in the 1970s. In the beginning decades, nighttime radiative cooling and its applications were well developed. The near-black radiators and selective radiators were mainly used for effective nighttime radiative cooling. However, these materials can only achieve cooling at night, and the development of daytime radiative cooling has been limited because of the mismatch between solar radiation energy and cooling power requirements. In recent years, with the development of materials and advanced technologies, there have been breakthroughs in daytime radiative cooling, including photonic structures and metamaterials with high reflectivity in the solar radiation band and high emissivity in the atmospheric window band, truly enable daytime radiative cooling. However, the radiative
2 001969P-WOLU cooling material can only be used for cooling, not for heating, which will result in the offset of 0002295 cooling and heating when running throughout the year.
In the existing literatures, a radiative cooling coating with self-cleaning function and its preparation method was provided in the Chinese Patent No. 201810952183.5, where the radiative cooling coating comprises an underlying binder and a radiator and hydrophobic nanoparticles covered on the underlying binder. The invention makes use of the high hydrophobicity of the hydrophobic nanoparticles to make the radiative cooling coating self- cleaning, avoiding the phenomenon of reducing the cooling effect due to dust accumulation. The radiative cooling coating has a high emissivity in the wavelength of 8-13 um and a large transmittance in the visible band. In addition, the radiative cooling coating has favorable light collection performance, and it can reduce the absorption of energy in the rest of the band to ensure the cooling effect. The patent only considers the cooling season, and the coating, film, or structure provided can only be used for cooling, not for heating. It will increase the heating load, which will result in the offset of cooling and heating when running throughout the year.
Invention content The technical problem to be solved by the invention is: to provide a passive cooling/heating double-effect material which can achieve dual purposes of cooling and heat collection.
In order to solve the above problem, the following technical solution is used in the embodiment of the invention: The embodiment of the invention provides a passive cooling/heating double-effect material, and the passive cooling heating double-effect material comprises a selective emitting laver and a reflective laver which are connected to each other; the selective emitting laver achieves dual purposes of cooling and heat collection by means of the reversible change of a color; and the reflective layer is used to reflect incident solar radiation.
As a preferred example, the passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the emissivity of the selective emitting layer (1) in the 8~13 um is 0.4~1.0 in the cooling season and 0~0.3 in the heating season.
3 001969P-WOLU As a preferred example, the thickness of the selective emitting layer is 5 um~5 mm. 7502295 As a preferred example, the selective emitting layer acts by photochromism or thermochromism.
As a preferred example, the selective emitting layer comprises a polymeric color-changing material layer, and dielectric particles disposed in the polymeric color-changing material layer; or the selective emitting layer comprises a polymeric material layer, and color-changing dielectric particles disposed in the polymeric material layer; the color-changing dielectric particle has a shell made of color-changing material and a core of dielectric particle.
As a preferred example, the polymeric color-changing material layer comprises a mixture of polymeric material and color-changing material, and the polymeric material comprises one of polymethylpentene, polyethylene, polyfluoroethylene, polyvinyl = chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, colored polyethylene foil, zinc sulfide, zinc selenide, polycarbonate or any combination of these materials.
As a preferred example, the dielectric particle has a particle size of 2~50 um and a volume percentage of 2~30% in the selective emitting layer.
As a preferred example, the dielectric particle comprises one of silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, silicon oxynitride, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium dioxide or any combination of these materials.
As a preferred example, the polymeric material layer comprises one of polymethylpentene, polyethylene, polyfluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, colored polyethylene foil, zinc sulfide, zinc selenide, polycarbonate or any combination of these materials.
As a preferred example, the selective emitting layer acts by electrochromism.
As a preferred example, the passive cooling/heating double-effect material comprises an electrochromic material layer; the selective emitting layer comprises a polymeric material layer and dielectric particles disposed in the polymeric material layer; the selective emitting layer is disposed between the electrochromic material layer and the reflective layer; or the selective emitting layer comprises an electrochromic material layer, and dielectric particles disposed in the electrochromic material layer; or the selective emitting layer comprises an electrochromic
4 001969P-WOLU material layer. The selective emitting layer comprises dielectric particles, and the selective 0002295 emitting layer 1s disposed between the electrochromic material layer and the reflective layer. As a preferred example, the polymeric material layer comprises one of polymethylpentene, polyethylene, polyfluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, colored polyethylene foil, zinc sulfide, zinc selenide, polycarbonate or any combination of these materials. As a preferred example, the dielectric particle has a particle size of 2~50 um and a volume percentage of 2~30% in the selective emitting layer. As a preferred example, the dielectric particle comprises one of silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, silicon oxynitride, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium dioxide or any combination of these materials.
As a preferred example, the reflective layer is made of photonic crystal material or metal. As a preferred example, the reflectivity of the reflective layer in the 0.25~3 um is 0.7~1.0 in the cooling season and 0~0.4 in the heating season.
As a preferred example, the passive cooling/heating double-effect material comprises a protective layer, and the selective emitting layer is disposed between the protective layer and the reflective layer.
As a preferred example, the protective layer has a transmittance greater than 0.85. As a preferred example, the protective layer is made of one of polymethylpentene, polyethylene terephthalate, low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene or any combination of these materials; the low-density polyethylene has a density of 0.91~0.93 g/cm?; the high-density polyethylene has a density of 0.941~0.960 g/cm’.
Compared with the prior art, disclosed in the present invention is a passive cooling/heating double-effect material which can achieve dual purposes of cooling and heat collection.
The material of this embodiment is a material that can convert cooling and heat collection functions, including a selective emitting layer and a reflective layer. In the cooling season: the reflective layer can reflect the incident solar radiation, and the selective emitting layer obtains cooling capacity through radiative heat exchange with the outer space to achieve the purpose of radiative cooling; in the heating season: the reflectivity of the reflective layer can be reduced
001969P-WOLU through the color change, while the emissivity of the selective emitting layer can be reduced 0002295 reduced to achieve the purpose of heat collection. Description of the attached drawings Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of one structure of an embodiment of the invention; 5 Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of another structure of an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a third structure of embodiments of the invention; Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a fourth structure of an embodiment of the invention; Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fifth structure of embodiments of the invention; Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the sixth structure of embodiments of the invention.
There are: selective emitting layer 1, dielectric particles 101, polymeric color-changing material layer 102, polymeric material layer 103, color-changing dielectric particles 104, reflective layer 2, electrochromic material layer 3, and protective layer 4 in the figure. Specific implementation The technical solution of the invention is described in detail with the attached drawings.
As shown in Fig. 1, a passive cooling/heating double-effect material of the invention comprises a selective emitting laver 1 and a reflective laver 2 which are connected to each other. The selective emitting layer 1 achieves dual purposes of cooling and heat collection by means of the reversible change of a color. The reflective layer 2 is used to reflect incident solar radiation.
Existing radiative cooling technologies and materials can only be applied in the cooling season, but not in the heating season. And they will increase the heating load in the heating season. In order to solve the offset of cooling and heating when running throughout the year, the above embodiment provides a passive cooling/heating double-effect material which can achieve dual purposes of cooling and heat collection, including a selective emitting laver 1 and a reflective laver 2 which are connected to each other. In the cooling season: the reflective layer 2 reflects most of the incident solar radiation, and the selective emitting layer 1 obtains cooling capacity through radiative heat exchange with the outer space to achieve the purpose of radiative cooling. In the heating season: the emissivity of the selective emitting layer 1 can be
6 001969P-WOLU reduced by means of the reversible change of a color, while the reflectivity of the reflective 0002295 layer 2 can be reduced to achieve the purpose of heating.
For example, the passive cooling/heating double-effect material of this embodiment 1s made into a film that is attached to the surface of the object under temperature control. During the cooling season, when the external temperature is higher than 26°C, the film is light brown. At this time, the film can reflect more than 96% of the solar radiation, while the emissivity in 8-13um is greater than 0.92, which can achieve cooling effect, that is, by the heat exchange with the outer space, the temperature of the object to be temperature-controlled lower. During the heating season, when the external temperature is lower than 18°C, the film is dark gray. At this time, the film can reflect less than 30% of the solar radiation, while the emissivity in 8-13 um is less than 0.20, which can achieve heating effect, i.e., by absorbing solar radiation, the temperature of the object to be temperature-controlled increases. This embodiment is for the thermochromic material, if the electrochromic material is used, it is not limited by the temperature. The color of the film can be adjusted as needed, thus changing the cooling and heating function of the roof.
Preferably, the emissivity of the selective emitting layer 1 in the 8~13 um is 0.4~1.0 in the cooling season and 0-0.3 in the heating season. 8~13 um band refers to a portion of the wavelength in the infrared region of electromagnetic waves. Any object above absolute zero will emit electromagnetic waves. Electromagnetic radiation from low to high frequency is mainly divided into: radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, X-rays, and y-rays. In other words, in the 8-13 um band, the emissivity of the selective emitting layer 1 is
0.4~1.0 in the cooling season. In the 8~13 um band, the emissivity of the selective emitting layer 1 is 0~0.3 in the heating season. In the heating season, the emissivity of the selective emitting layer 1 should be as small as possible to reduce the heat exchange with the outer space in order to achieve the purpose of heat collection. Preferably, the thickness of the selective emitting layer 1 is 5 um-5 mm, for example, 5 um, 8 um, 9 um, 1 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm, or 5 mm.
In the embodiment, the selective emitting layer 1 acts by photochromism, thermochromism, or electrochromism.
When the photochromism or thermochromism is used, the structure of the selective
7 001969P-WOLU emitting layer 1 can be selected as follows: 7502295 The first structure: as shown in Fig. 1, the selective emitting layer 1 comprises a polymeric color-changing material layer 102, and dielectric particles 101 disposed in the polymeric color- changing material layer 102.
In the first structure, the polymeric color-changing material layer 102 comprises a mixture of a polymeric material and a color-changing material. The polymeric material comprises one of polymethylpentene, polyethylene, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, colored polyethylene foil, zinc sulfide, zinc selenide, polycarbonate or any combination of these materials. The color-changing material may be a thermochromic material or a photochromic material. Preferably, the thermochromic material is vanadium dioxide or calixarene-type manganese oxide, etc.; the photochromic material is spiro-pyran and spiro-oxazine, azo, captive arginine, diaryl ethylene compounds, etc. Dielectric particle 101 comprises one of silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, silicon oxynitride, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium dioxide or any combination of these materials. Preferably, the dielectric particle has a particle size of 2-50 um and a volume percentage of 2~30% in the selective emitting layer 1. For example, the volume percent of dielectric particles in the selective emitting layer 1 is 2%, 10%, 18%, 25%, 28% or 30%. Smaller volume percentages allow the material to transmit light, thus ensuring that the reflective layer works.
The second structure: as shown in Fig. 2, the selective emitting layer 1 comprises a polymer material layer 103, and a color-changing dielectric particle 104 disposed in the polymer material layer 103. The color-changing dielectric particle 104 has a shell made of a color- changing material and a dielectric particle in the core.
In a second structure, the polymeric material layer 103 comprises one of polymethylpentene, polyethylene, polyvinyl fluoride, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, colored polyethylene foil, zinc sulfide, zinc selenide, polycarbonate or any combination of these materials. The color-changing dielectric particle 104 has a core- shell structure. Wherein, the outer shell is made of a color-changing material and the inner core is a dielectric particle. The color-changing material can be a thermochromic material or a
8 001969P-WOLU photochromic material. Preferably, the thermochromic material is vanadium dioxide or 7502295 chalcogenide manganese oxide, etc.; the photochromic material is spiro-pyran and spiro- oxazine, azo, captive arginine, diaryl ethylene compounds, etc. The dielectric particles 101 comprises one of silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, silicon oxynitride, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium dioxide or any combination of these materials. Preferably, the dielectric particles have a particle size of 2~50 um and a volume percentage of 2~30% in the selective emitting layer 1. The smaller volume percentage allows the material to transmit light, thus ensuring that the reflective layer works. For example, the volume percent of dielectric particles in the selective emitting layer 1 is 2%, 10%, 18%, 25%, 28% or 30%.
The emissivity of pure polymer film is relatively low in the 8-13 um band. After adding the color-changing dielectric particles 104 to the pure polymer film, the emissivity increases significantly.
When selective emitting layer 1 acts by photochromism, the molecular structure changes under the action of light at a certain wavelength and intensity, which leads to a significant change in its absorption spectrum, i.e., a corresponding change in color.
When the selective emitting layer 1 acts by thermochromism, the temperature reaches a certain range, the color of the material changes through intermolecular chemical reactions, intermolecular interchangeable isomerism, etc., and a new color is presented, with the properties change accordingly.
When the selective emitting layer 1 acts by electrochromism, the structure of the selective emitting layer 1 is preferably as follows: The first structure: As shown in Fig. 3, the selective emitting layer 1 comprises a polymer material layer 103, and dielectric particles 101 disposed in the polymer material layer 103. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material also comprises an electrochromic material layer
3. The selective emitting layer 1 is disposed between the electrochromic material layer 3 and the reflective layer 2.
In the first structure, preferably, the material of the polymeric material layer 103 comprises one of polymethylpentene, polyethylene, polyfluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride,
9 001969P-WOLU polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, colored polyethylene foil, zinc sulfide, zinc 7502295 selenide, polycarbonate or any combination of these materials. Preferably, the dielectric particle 101 comprises one of silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, silicon oxynitride, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium dioxide or any combination of these materials. Preferably, the material of the electrochromic material layer 3 is WOs, polythiophene class and its derivatives, violet rosin class, tetrasulfur fulvalene, metal phthalocyanine class compounds, etc.
The second structure: as shown in Fig. 4, the selective emitting layer 1 comprises the electrochromic material layer 3, and the dielectric particles 101 located in the electrochromic material layer 3.
In the second structure, preferably, the material of the electrochromic material layer 3 is WO:s, polythiophene class and its derivatives, violet rosin class, tetrasulfur fulvalene, metal phthalocyanine class compounds, etc. Preferably, the dielectric particle 101 comprises one of silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, silicon oxynitride, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium dioxide or any combination of these materials.
The third structure: As shown in Fig. 5, the selective emitting layer 1 comprises dielectric particles 101. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material also comprises an electrochromic material layer 3. The selective emitting layer 1 is disposed between the electrochromic material layer 3 and the reflective layer 2.
In the third structure, preferably, the dielectric particles 101 comprise one of silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, silicon oxynitride, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium dioxide or any combination of these materials. Preferably, the material of the electrochromic material layer 3 is WOs3, polythiophenes and their derivatives, violet rosins, tetrasulfur fulvacene, metal phthalocyanines, etc.
The third structure has no polymeric material layer 103 compared to the first structure. The dielectric particles 101 are located directly between the electrochromic material layer 3 and the reflective layer 2.
In the above three structures, preferably, the dielectric particle 101 has a particle size of 2~50 um and a volume percentage of 2~30% in the selective emitting layer 1.
10 001969P-WOLU When the electrochromism is used, it mainly depends on the chemical composition and 0002295 energy band structure of the material, as well as the redox properties, and modulates the absorption properties of the material in the visible region or changes the carrier concentration and plasma oscillation frequency in the material through the injection and extraction of ions and electrons to achieve the modulating effect on the infrared reflection properties.
Preferably, the reflective layer 2 is made of photonic crystal material or metal.
Preferably, the reflectivity of the reflective layer 2 in the 0.25~3 um is 0.7~1.0 in the cooling season and 0~0.4 in the heating season. That is, in the 0.25~3 um band, the reflectivity of the reflective layer 2 is 0.7~1.0 in the cooling season. In the 0.25~3 um band, the reflectivity of the reflective layer 2 is 0~0.4 in the heating season. The reflectivity of reflective layer 2 is as high as possible to reflect as much sunlight as possible to reduce the cooling load. In the heating season, it is the opposite, a lower reflectivity can absorb more solar radiation.
To protect the selective emitting layer 1 and the reflective layer 2 from external damage, preferably, as shown in Fig. 6, passive cooling/heating double-effect material also comprises a protective layer 4, where the selective emitting layer 1 is located between the protective layer 4 and the reflective layer 2. When the electrochromic material layer 3 is contained, the electrochromic material layer 3 is located between the protective layer 4 and the selective emitting layer 1. When electrochromic material layer 3 is not contained, protective layer 4, selective emitting layer 1 and reflective layer 2 are connected to each other sequentially. When electrochromic material layer 3 is contained, the protective layer 4, electrochromic material layer 3, selective emitting layer 1 and reflective layer 2 are connected to each other in sequence. The protective layer 4 protects the selective emitting layer 1 and the reflective layer 2. The protective layer 4 has good water resistance and protects the selective emitting layer 1 as well as the reflective layer 2 from corrosion caused by the penetration of water molecules, etc. It is also more weather resistant and has a higher transmittance.
In order not to affect the work of the entire material, the protective layer 4 has a permeability greater than 0.85. Preferably, the protective layer 4 is made of one of polymethylpentene, polyethylene terephthalate, low-density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene or any combination of these materials; the low-density polyethylene has a density
11 001969P-WOLU of 0.91~0.93 g/cm’; the high-density polyethylene has a density of 0.941~0.960 g/cm’. 7502295 The invention also provides a passive cooling/heating double-effect product, i.e., the film, plate, coating, or sheet made of the materials of the above mentioned embodiments or preferred examples.
The cooling power of the above passive cooling/heating double-effect product is 30 W/m?~160 W/m? and the heat collection efficiency is 20%~50% in the form of, but not limited to, film, sheet, plate, or coating.
In the above embodiment, the dielectric particles and the polymer are melt mixed by an extruder, after which the selective emitting layer is formed by extruding and casting into a film.
The protective layer is connected to the selective emitting layer by a coating method. The reflective layer can be connected to the selective emitting layer by electron beam evaporation.
Claims (19)
1. A passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the passive cooling heating double-effect material comprises a selective emitting laver (1) and a reflective laver (2) which are connected to each other; the selective emitting layer (1) achieves dual purposes of cooling and heat collection by means of the reversible change of a color; and the reflective layer (2) is used to reflect incident solar radiation.
2. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the emissivity of the selective emitting layer (1) in the 8-13 um is 0.4~1.0 in the cooling season and 0~0.3 in the heating season.
3. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the thickness of the selective emitting layer (1) is 5 um~5 mm.
4. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the selective emitting layer (1) acts by photochromism or thermochromism.
5. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the selective emitting layer (1) comprises a polymeric color-changing material layer (102), and dielectric particles (101) disposed in the polymeric color-changing material layer (102); or the selective emitting layer (1) comprises a polymeric material layer (103), and color-changing dielectric particles (104) disposed in the polymeric material layer (103); the color-changing dielectric particle (104) has a shell made of color-changing material and a core of dielectric particle.
6. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the polymeric color-changing material layer (102) comprises a mixture of polymeric material and color-changing material, and the polymeric material comprises one of polymethylpentene, polyethylene, polyfluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, colored polyethylene foil, zinc sulfide, zinc selenide, polycarbonate or any combination of these materials.
7. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the dielectric particle has a particle size of 2-50 um and a volume percentage of 2~30% in the selective emitting layer (1).
13 001969P-WOLU
8. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the 7502295 dielectric particle (101) comprises one of silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, silicon oxynitride, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium dioxide or any combination of these materials.
9. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the polymeric material layer (103) comprises one of polymethylpentene, polyethylene, polyfluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, colored polyethylene foil, zinc sulfide, zinc selenide, polycarbonate or any combination of these materials.
10. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the selective emitting layer (1) acts by electrochromism.
11. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the passive cooling/heating double-effect material comprises an electrochromic material layer (3); the selective emitting layer (1) comprises a polymeric material layer (103) and dielectric particles (101) disposed in the polymeric material layer (103); the selective emitting layer (1) is disposed between the electrochromic material layer (3) and the reflective layer (2); or the selective emitting layer (1) comprises an electrochromic material layer (3), and dielectric particles (101) disposed in the electrochromic material layer (3); or the selective emitting layer (1) comprises an electrochromic material layer (3);the selective emitting layer (1) comprises dielectric particles (101), and the selective emitting layer (1) is disposed between the electrochromic material layer (3) and the reflective layer (2).
12. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the polymeric material layer (103) comprises one of polymethylpentene, polyethylene, polyfluoroethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polydimethylsiloxane, polyethylene terephthalate, colored polyethylene foil, zinc sulfide, zinc selenide, polycarbonate or any combination of these materials.
13. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the dielectric particle has a particle size of 2-50 um and a volume percentage of 2~30% in the selective emitting layer (1).
14 001969P-WOLU
14. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the 7502295 dielectric particle (101) comprises one of silicon dioxide, silicon carbide, silicon oxynitride, titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, copper oxide, iron oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium dioxide or any combination of these materials.
15. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the reflective layer (2) is made of photonic crystal material or metal.
16. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the reflectivity of the reflective layer (2) in the 0.25~3 um is 0.7~1.0 in the cooling season and 0~0.4 in the heating season.
17. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the passive cooling/heating double-effect material comprises a protective layer (4), and the selective emitting layer (1) is disposed between the protective layer (4) and the reflective layer (2).
18. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the protective layer (4) has a transmittance greater than 0.85.
19. The passive cooling/heating double-effect material which is characterized in that: the protective layer (4) is made of one of polymethylpentene, polyethylene terephthalate, low- density polyethylene, high-density polyethylene or any combination of these materials; the low- density polyethylene has a density of 0.91~0.93 g/cm’; the high-density polyethylene has a density of 0.941~0.960 g/cm’.
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| CN113419580B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-06-24 | 武汉理工大学 | Intelligent temperature control device based on passive radiation cooling and solar heating and preparation method thereof |
| CN114136015B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2024-06-04 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | Intelligent thermal control device with adjustable absorption-emission ratio and preparation method thereof |
| CN114506136B (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2023-08-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Intelligent radiation refrigeration composite film with temperature self-adaption and heat insulation functions and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN114543373B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-10-28 | 中国科学技术大学 | Spectrum regulation and control device based on solar thermal radiation and space cold radiation |
| CN115651243B (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2024-03-08 | 山东大学 | Heat self-regulating radiation cooling film and manufacturing method and application thereof |
| CN117572671B (en) * | 2024-01-10 | 2024-06-18 | 江西源东科技有限公司 | Controllable radiation refrigeration flexible transparent composite film, radiation refrigeration glass and window |
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| US3946944A (en) * | 1974-02-25 | 1976-03-30 | International Solarthermics Corporation | Method of heating a building structure with solar heat |
| KR20130074156A (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2013-07-04 | 삼성코닝정밀소재 주식회사 | Reflected glass and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103287014B (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2015-05-13 | 裴刚 | Selective absorption emission composite material meeting requirements of solar heat collection and radiation refrigeration |
| WO2017151514A1 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-09-08 | The Regents Of The University Of Colorado, A Body Corporate | Radiative cooling structures and systems |
| KR101940764B1 (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2019-01-21 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Electrochromic material and light-transmittance variable panel and display device having the material |
| CN108656682A (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2018-10-16 | 宁波瑞凌节能环保创新与产业研究院 | A kind of adjustable radiation refrigeration film of cooling-down effect |
| CN110030744B (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2020-06-26 | 中国科学技术大学 | Spectrum-adaptive daytime solar heat collection and night radiation refrigeration coating material |
| CN110103559A (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2019-08-09 | 宁波瑞凌新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of radiation cooling material and its preparation method and application |
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| WO2021120706A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
| CN112984836A (en) | 2021-06-18 |
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