LU501818B1

LU501818B1 - Door or window assembly with improved fire resistance

Info

Publication number: LU501818B1
Application number: LU501818A
Authority: LU
Inventors: Tollenaere Steven De
Original assignee: Eribel Nv
Priority date: 2021-04-09
Filing date: 2022-04-08
Publication date: 2022-11-08
Also published as: BE1029293B1; BE1029293A1; LU501818A1; FR3121701A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a door or window assembly (100) for resisting fire. Said assembly comprises a plurality of profiles (2, 3, 4), and a panel (5). Each profile (2, 3, 4) has a groove (14) along said profile (2, 3, 4), wherein said groove (14) is configured to receive one side of said panel (5). Said panel (5) is chemically coupled to said profiles (2, 3, 4), wherein said panel (5) is not mechanically coupled to said profiles (2, 3, 4). Said assembly (100) is adapted such that a foaming material (7, 8, 10, 11, 17) is insertable between at least one of the profiles and an outer frame surrounding the assembly (100), and/or between the outer frame and a wall connected thereto and/or in the groove (14). The present invention further relates to a method of assembling a fire-resisting door or window assembly (100), and use of said assembly (100) for resisting fire and/or use of said method for assembling a fire-resisting door or window assembly (100).

Description

DOOR OR WINDOW ASSEMBLY WITH IMPROVED FIRE RESISTANCE

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a door or window with improved fire resistance. In particular, the invention relates to said door or window with improved fire resistance, in the absence of mechanical fastening means.

BACKGROUND Windows or doors, with or without a safety function (e.g. fire resistance), are typically constructed out of a wooden frame and a glass panel. For example, the frame comprises vertical and horizontal profiles that are mounted around the panel. Mechanical fastening means ensure that the frame is coupled to the panel. However, the presence of said mechanical means makes assembling the door or window difficult and time consuming. This requires for example the use of glazing beads, rubber, and silicon. Further, said means require the frame to be thick, and also increase the weight of said assembly. Due to the heavy weight of such assembly, and due to the risk of breaking when transporting, such an assembly should also be assembled on site, which adds to the cost and complexity, and consumes more time. The present invention aims to resolve at least some of the problems mentioned above.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a door or window assembly for resisting fire, according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the electrical assembly are provided in claims 2 to 10.

The assembly comprises a plurality of profiles, and a panel. Each profile has a groove along said profile, wherein said groove is configured to receive one side of said panel. The assembly is characterized in that said panel is chemically coupled to said profiles, wherein said panel is not mechanically coupled to said profiles. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that mechanical means for coupling said panel to said profiles are not needed and avoided. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that the need for glazing beads, rubber and/or silicon is eliminated, and therefore the costs are reduced. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that the profiles are as thin as possible, but also as small in dimensions as possible, since they don’t comprise mechanical fastening means. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that the profiles hide the chemically coupled region, as well as hide locking and opening mechanisms of the assembly, which is aesthetically appealing. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that the assembly is as light as possible, since they don’t comprise mechanical fastening means. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that the assembly is assembled during production, and moved in its entirety to the construction site. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that special glass mounting work is no longer required. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that said assembly retains its safety function e.g. fire safety function. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that the chemical coupling provides a good alternative rigid connection between the panel and the profiles, compared to the traditional mechanical means.

Said mechanical means are normally metallic. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that metallic parts are avoided, due to their high thermal conductivity. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that wood and glass have lower thermal conductivities than metal.

The panel may be chemically coupled to said profiles using a glue material. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that said gluing material provides a good, simpler, and cheaper, and lighter alternative to the traditional mechanical means.

The glue material may be present at least on one side of the groove. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that a good coupling between the panel and the profiles is achieved using minimal amount of glue.

The glue material may be present along said profiles. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that the profiles are very well coupled to the profiles. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that an equal pulling force due to the glue is applied and distributed on the sides of the panel, to pull the panel and profiles to each other.

The assembly is adapted such that a foaming material may be insertable at least one of the profiles and an outer frame surrounding the assembly, and/or between the outer frame and a wall connected thereto, and/or in the groove. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that said foaming material provides further fire resistance, for example in case of fire by increasing its size to cover and limit any air passages from one side of the assembly to the other side.

The panel may be a glass panel. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that a fire resisting panel is provided. Said glass panel has preferably no cut-outs. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that a simple assembly that is economically profitable is obtained.

The sides (e.g. four sides of a rectangular panel) of said panel are inserted in said grooves. The thickness of each groove is matched to that of the panel. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that the groove has a depth that allows said groove to hold said panel stable and secured in place within the profiles, by only using chemical coupling means (e.g. the panel is prevented from swinging).

It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that the gluing material is preserved from wearing off, therefore increasing the lifetime of said assembly. The profiles may be wooden, preferably made of Meranti wood. It is an advantage of embodiments of the present invention that said profiles are fire resisting, for example more fire resisting than their counter parts comprising metallic e.g. steel and aluminum parts.

In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a method for assembling a fire- resisting door or window assembly, according to claim 11. A preferred embodiment of the method is provided in claim 12.

In a third aspect, the present invention relates to use according to claim 13 of a door or window assembly according to the first aspect of the present invention, and/or of a method according to the second aspect of the present invention, for assembling a fire-resisting door or window assembly.

Further advantages of the invention and in particular of preferred embodiments, are disclosed in the detailed description below.

DESCRI PTION OF THE FI GURES Fig. 1 — 4 show different views and components of a window or door assembly (100) for resisting fire, according to embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 1 shows a front view of a window or door assembly (100), according to embodiments of the present invention. Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the window or door assembly (100) through (A), according to embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the window or door assembly (100) through (B), according to embodiments of the present invention.

Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a groove (14) in a profile (4) of the window or door assembly (100), according to embodiments of the present invention.

DETAI LED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a door or window assembly for resisting fire.

Unless otherwise defined, all terms used in disclosing the invention, including technical and scientific terms, have the meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. By means of further guidance, term definitions are included to better appreciate the teaching of the present invention.

As used herein, the following terms have the following meanings: "A", "an", and "the" as used herein refers to both singular and plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. By way of example, "a contaminant” refers to one or more than one contaminant.

"Comprise," "comprising," and "comprises" and “comprised of” as used herein are synonymous with “include”, “including”, “includes” or “contain”, “containing”, “contains” and are inclusive or open-ended terms that specifies the presence of what follows e.g. component and do not exclude or preclude the presence of additional,

non-recited components, features, element, members, steps, known in the art or disclosed therein.

The recitation of numerical ranges by endpoints includes all numbers and fractions 5 subsumed within that range, as well as the recited endpoints. In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a door or window assembly for resisting fire. The assembly comprises: - a plurality of profiles, and - a panel, wherein each profile has a groove along said profile, wherein said groove is configured to receive one side of said panel, characterized in that said panel is chemically coupled to said profiles, wherein said panel is not mechanically coupled to said profiles. The inventors have surprisingly noticed that the fire resistance of the assembly is at least similar or even better to that of the prior art (i.e. comprising mechanical means). This is because mechanical means are normally made of metal such as steel or the like, which have high thermal conductivity. One advantage of the invention is avoiding the use of such metallic mechanical means. Furthermore, the use of glazing beads, rubber and/or silicon is also avoided, therefore avoiding costs thereof. This results in reducing the weight of the assembly, which makes it possible, easier, cost- effective, and more practical to assemble said assembly during production, rather than on-site. In a preferred embodiment, each profile acts as a part or an edge of a frame of the assembly, wherein for example four profiles (e.g. two vertical and two horizontal profiles) make said frame which surrounds a rectangular panel (e.g. a regular rectangle with four sides and four 90° angles), for example one profile per side. The preferred number of profiles is four profiles holding a rectangular panel. However, the invention may also be possible with three profiles, wherein for example the panel is triangular, or five profiles, wherein for example the panel has a pentagon-structure. The angles of the panel structure may be equal, but not necessarily. The preferred panel structure is a rectangular structure with the four angles equal to 90°. The goal is to adapt the profiles to completely surround and cover the edges of said panel.

In a preferred embodiment, the profiles may also be chemically coupled to each other, so as to surround the panel. For example, each profile has two edges, wherein the edges are complementary to other profiles. For example, the edges may comprise an inclination of 45°, wherein each two neighboring profiles complement each other so as to completely surround the panel.

In a preferred embodiment, once each profile receives a side of the panel, the panel is held in place, after which one of said profiles is hinged so as to fix said assembly to an outer frame and e.g. use it as a window or a door.

In a preferred embodiment, the panel may be chemically coupled to said profiles using a glue material. For example, the glue material may comprise Trimethoxyvinylsilane. For example, the glue material may be Proma bond. The temperature resistance of said material is between -40°C and 100°C. Said material offers at least 4 hours of fire resistance. Proma bond is a bonding agent sealing technique based on the latter generation of hybrid sealants. It is of a very high quality, strong and is a one-component product. It is odorless, neutral and contains no isocyanates. After application, it reacts with the humidity to dry and develops into a permanently flexible connection. It is suitable for glass, particularly for laminated glass. Many other glue materials with a fire resistance may however be suitable.

In a preferred embodiment, the glue material may be deposited and used to couple said panel to said profiles during production, wherein the assembly is then carried in its entirety to the site. Carrying said assembly is easy since very minimal additional weight is added by the profiles and the glue material. This also reduces the time it takes to assemble the door, and doesn’t compromise the safety of the door. The strength of the glue, and the amount of glue applied between the panel and the profiles, depend on the weight and size of the panel.

In a preferred embodiment, said glue material may be present at least on one side of the groove, preferably on two opposite sides of the groove. For example, the groove may be U-shaped or semi-circular, wherein for example the glue is deposited on the two 90° angled parts.

In a preferred embodiment, the glue material may be present along said profiles, for example on each profile. For example, one or two lines of glue along said profile, or in a zig-zag fashion along said profile. For example, the glue may be distributed equally on different parts of the profiles. For example, after connecting the profiles to the panel, the glue applies an equal pulling force e.g. pulling each profile to a side of the panel, such that the sides of the panel are not detached from the profiles.

In a preferred embodiment, the assembly is adapted such that the foaming material is insertable between at least one of the profiles and an outer frame surrounding the assembly, and/or between the outer frame and a wall connected thereto and/or in the groove.

In a preferred embodiment, the foaming material may comprise ammonium phosphate or may be a graphite-based material. In a preferred embodiment, a space between at least one of the profiles and the outer frame is adapted to receive a first graphite-based foaming sealant. In other words, a first graphite-based foaming sealant may be present on at least one or all of the profiles, for example between the profiles and the outer frame. For example, having a width between 5 and 20 mm, preferably around 10 mm, and a thickness between 1 and 5 mm, preferably around 3 mm. A space between the outer frame and the wall is adapted to receive a second graphite-based foaming sealant. In other words, a second graphite-based foaming sealant may be present between the outer frame and the wall. For example, having a width between 30 and 50 mm, preferably around 40 mm, and a thickness between 1 and 5 mm, preferably around 2 mm. In a preferred embodiment, one or both of the first and second graphite-based foaming sealants may be present. These are flexible intumescent sealants. When exposed to fire, the intumescent sealant contained in a thermoplastic support expands to at least 9 times its initial thickness. In this case, the space between any of the profiles and the outer frame, or the outer frame and the wall, would be blocked by said graphite-based sealant, therefore resisting fire and smoke. A robust microporous layer is formed during expansion which prevents the passage of any flames, smoke or hot gases. Said material has high flexibility, is resistant to moisture and carbon dioxide, and is easy to cut. Expansion starts around 180°C, wherein a thickness between 9 and 15 times its initial thickness is achieved within 30 minutes at 550°C. The weight of said material is between 2 and 5, preferably 3 kg/m?3. Such a material is designed for both interior and exterior uses, and it enhances the fire resistance of construction elements.

In a preferred embodiment, the groove is adapted to receive a foaming material (e.g. swellable material). For example, a foaming material may be present in the groove, preferably between two opposite sides of the groove (e.g. between two glue material layers). For example, the groove is adapted to receive said material. Said material foam or swell (i.e. increase in size) in case of fire, therefore providing an additional safety resistance against fire. For example, it may block smoke (e.g. hot smoke and gasses) and reduce the heat transfer between two sides of the assembly. In a preferred embodiment the foaming material may also be present in locking and knobbing means of the assembly. This may be advantageous since said means are normally metallic. Said material may cover any other parts along which air has a passage, such that in case of fire, said material would swell and foam, and said passages would be blocked for e.g. smoke, fire, and heat transfer. For example, between the outer frame and the assembly, or between the outer frame and the wall.

In a preferred embodiment, the ammonium phosphate-based foaming material may be Interdens. Such a material protects and improves the fire resistance of wood and wood-based materials. When exposed to direct flame or radiant heat, it forms quickly and in abundance a micro-porous, heat-insulating spongy layer, which prevents or retards the ignition and heating of a treated surface. It hermetically fits the gaps due to distortion and provides an effective barrier to the passage of fire, hot gases, and hot smokes. In a preferred embodiment, Interdens may be type 5 or 15 (flexible), or type 36 (semi-rigid). In a preferred embodiment, intumescence (e.g. foaming) starts at 180°C. In a preferred embodiment, Interdens forms a foam with or without expansion pressure. In a preferred embodiment, the foam height is between 10 and 15 times the initial thickness. For example, 12 times the initial thickness at 350°C over a period of 20 minutes. The initial thickness is between 0.5 and 5 mm, preferably 0.6 mm, 1 mm, and 2 mm for types 5, 15, and 36, respectively. In a preferred embodiment, Interdens 5 and 15 are suitable for the protection of flat and curved surfaces, by improving the fire resistance of structural components, and reducing combustion of wood. For example, partition walls, circular glass perimeter, locks protection, lock keeps, and hinges. Interdens 36 is used for sealing edges of structural components (e.g. between a wooden door leaf and an outer door frame).

In a preferred embodiment, said panel is a glass panel. Said glass panel comprises at least one glass layer, preferably two or three glass layers. Since no mechanical means are present, the need for having cut-outs in said panel is eliminated. This is advantageous since making cut-outs is not economically profitable.

In a preferred embodiment, the glass is a fire rated glass. For example, a Pyrobel, a contraflam, or a polflam type glass. Said glass may comprise a laminated glass assembled with sheets of glass and fire resistant clear intumescent interlayers in between the laminated e.g. toughned glass. Said interlayers transform into a rigid and opaque fire shields, keeping out flames, smoke, and gas, and limiting partially or fully the heat transfer through the glass, and reduces the temperature on the protected surface of the glass, in order to provide a protection for e.g. humans. Said glass is preferably fire resistant on both sides. An edge sealant may be placed on edges of the glass to improve the fire resistance.

In a preferred embodiment, the glass panel may be suitable for indoors or outdoors applications. In a preferred embodiment, the fire rating of the glass panel is between EI30 and EI60. In another embodiment, the fire rating may also be between EI90 and EI120. In a preferred embodiment, the temperature range of which the glass can endure is between -40°C and 50°C. In a preferred embodiment, an energy transmission TE between 50% and 70% through the glass is obtained. Further, an energy reflection between 5% and 10%, preferably around 7% off the glass is obtained.

In a preferred embodiment, the assembly has a fire resisting rating between El: 30 and El: 60, according to the European standard EN 1634. In a preferred embodiment, the width of the glass panel is between 800 mm and 2500 mm, preferably between 1000 mm and 2000 mm, more preferably around 1116 mm. The height of the glass panel is between 1900 and 4200 mm, preferably between 2000 mm and 3000 mm, more preferably around 2201 mm. Glass panel may be in landscape or portrait configuration. The total thickness of the glass panel is between 15 and 50 mm, for example depending on the type of glass panel (e.g. 15 mm to 40 mm for a panel with fire rating of EI30, and 25 mm to 50 mm for a panel with fire rating of EI60). Most preferably, the thickness is between 16 and 17.3 mm. The glass is fire resistant for at least 10 minutes, preferably at least 20 minutes, most preferably at least 30 minutes. The weight of the glass panel is around 30 kg/m? to

80 kg/m=2. In one embodiment, the weight is between 30 and 200 kg, preferably between 100 and 200, more preferably around 150 kg, for example for a glass panel with dimensions of around 1000 x 2000 mm. The total weight of the assembly is mainly the weight of the glass.

In a preferred embodiment, the profiles may be wooden. For example, the profiles may be made of Meranti wood, or any other type of wood that is fire resistant. For example, Meranti wood is fire resistant and has a higher thermal conductivity. The density of the wood is preferably between 400 kg/m? and 700 kg/m°, preferably between 500 kg/m° and 600 kg/m°, most preferably around 550 kg/m°. In a preferred embodiment, each profile may have a length matching the length of one side of the panel (e.g. slightly larger to enclose the panel). Each profile may be between 15 and 75 mm thick, preferably between 20 mm and 65 mm, more preferably between 40 and 60 mm. Each profile may be between 30 and 100 mm wide, preferably between 40 mm and 80 mm, more preferably between 50 and 70 mm. The definition of thickness and width is shown for example in Fig. 4 below. In a preferred embodiment, said groove is between 10 and 70 mm thick, preferably between 20 to 60 mm thick, more preferably between 25 and 50 mm thick, most preferably between 27 and 30 mm thick. Said groove is further between 10 and 40 mm wide, preferably between 10 and 20 mm wide, more preferably between 10 and 15 mm wide. The thickness of the panel should be matched to that of the groove, to avoid movement e.g. swinging of the panel (i.e. together with the help of the glue material). For example, the thickness of the panel is less than 30% smaller than the thickness of the groove, preferably less than 20%, more preferably less than 10%, most preferably less than 5%. For example, there is a gap between the panel and the groove (e.g. on all sides of panel-groove interaction region), wherein said gap is between 2 and 8 mm, preferably between 4 and 6 mm. Said glue is present in said gap. The definition of thickness and width is shown for example in Fig. 4 below. These dimensions may depend on the type of glass, therefore the dimensions are not understood to be limiting to any type of glass. In a preferred embodiment, each profile encloses between 1.5% and 3% of the volume of the panel, preferably 1.8%. Therefore, the four profiles enclose between 6% and 12% of the volume of the panel, preferably 7.2%. Such a percentage is calculated such that the glass panel is secured by the profiles (e.g. such that the glass is held in place, and is prevented from swinging), while taking into account that said profiles should be as light as possible. For example, the profiles should be as thin and small as possible to reduce weight and size, but also large and rigid enough to provide a protection that protects the edges of the panel, especially for a glass panel e.g. from breaking.

In a preferred embodiment, the door or window assembly may be a hinged door or window assembly, a swing door or window assembly, or a sliding door or window assembly, or the like. The assembly is preferably hinged by stainless steel hinges that hold the assembly to e.g. an outer frame. The hinges are preferably between 80 and 120 mm long, and with a diameter preferably between 10 and 20 mm. More preferably, the hinges are around 100 mm long, and more preferably with a diameter of 16 mm. For example, at least two hinges, or at least four hinges may be present.

In a preferred embodiment, an elastic joint may be placed between the outer frame and the wall, for example partially or fully around the outer frame. For example, such an elastic joint may be between 10 mm and 25 mm wide, and may be made of silicon e.g. type Acryrub from Soudal. Additionally, a fire resisting PU foaming material is present between the outer frame and the wall.

In a preferred embodiment, a rubber layer may be present on the outer frame. For example, between the outer frame and any of the profiles. For example, the weight of the rubber may be between 30 and 40 g/m, preferably around 35 g/m. The surface of the rubber may be between 25 and 35 mm?, preferably around 27.2 mm°. Along with the rubber layer, or encompassed thereby, a graphite-based material (e.g. Flexilodice) may be present. Such a material acts as an intumescent material, which expands to e.g. 10 times its initial thickness in high temperature, therefore resisting fire and smoke. For example, the weight of the graphite-based material may be between 20 and 30 g/m, preferably around 23 g/m. The surface of the graphite- based material may be between 10 and 20 mm?2, preferably around 15 mm°. In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a method of assembling a fire- resisting door or window assembly, according to the first aspect. The method comprises the steps of: - providing a panel, preferably a glass panel, - providing a plurality of profiles, preferably four profiles, preferably wooden profiles

- adapting each profile to have a groove along said profile, wherein said groove is configured to receive said panel, and - coupling chemically said panel to said profiles, characterized in that the method does not comprise the step of: - coupling mechanically said panel to said profiles. In a preferred embodiment, the method may further comprise the step of providing a glue material in the groove, preferably on two opposite sides of the groove, so as to glue the panel to the profile.

In a preferred embodiment, the method may further comprise the step of providing a foaming material between at least one of the profiles and an outer frame surrounding the assembly, and/or between the outer frame and a wall connected thereto and/or in the groove.

In a preferred embodiment, the method may further comprise the step of configuring the groove to be U-shaped, or semi-circular. In a preferred embodiment, the method may further comprise the step of matching the thickness of the groove to the thickness of the glass panel, or vice versa. For example, the thickness of the panel (e.g. glass panel) is less than 10% lower than the thickness of the groove, preferably less than 5%, more preferably less than 2%.

In a third aspect, the present invention relates to a use of a door assembly for resisting fire according to the first aspect of the present invention, and/or use of a method according to the second aspect of the present invention, for assembling a fire-resisting door or window assembly. This results in the same or improved fire resistance, while at the same time avoiding to use mechanical means for assembling said assembly.

Further characteristics and advantages of embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the figure. It should be noted that the invention is not restricted to the specific embodiment shown in the figure, but is only limited by the claims.

Fig. 1 shows a front view of the window or door assembly (100) for resisting fire. The assembly (100) comprises a plurality of profiles (2, 3, 4), for example four wooden profiles (2, 3, 4). The assembly (100) further comprises a panel (5), for example a rectangular multi-layer glass panel (5). Each profile (2, 3, 4) has a groove (14) along said profile (2, 3, 4). The groove (14) is configured to receive one side of said panel (5). For example, each of the four sides of the panel (5) is inserted into a groove (14) of one profile, such that said four sides of the panel (5) are received and held by said four profiles (2, 3, 4). After that, the panel (5) is chemically coupled to said profiles (2, 3, 4), wherein said panel (5) is not mechanically coupled to said profiles (2, 3, 4). For example, no mechanical means are present to hold in place the panel (5) in the grooves (14) of said profiles (2, 3, 4). For example, a chemical substance is deposited between each profile and the panel (5) to connect them to each other.

The chemical coupling is strong enough to hold said panel (5) in the grooves (14) of said profiles (2, 3, 4), and is also lighter in weight than the mechanical (e.g. metallic) counter parts. For example, a glue material (6) may be used, such as Proma Bond. A knob (15) of the assembly (100) is used to e.g. open and/or close said assembly (100), along with locking means (16). Inner parts of the knob (15) and the locking means (16) are hidden within one of the profiles (4). A hinge (13) is used to connect said assembly to an outer frame (1), said outer frame (1) connected to a wall (9) (or e.g. a partition wall, or the like).

The outer frame (1) is made of wood, preferably Meranti wood, with density of preferably 550 kg/m°. The profiles (2, 3, 4) are made of wood, preferably Meranti wood with density of preferably 550 kg/m°. The thickness of the profiles (2, 3, 4) is preferably around 60 mm, for example 58 mm. The width of the profiles (2, 3, 4) is for example higher at the side of which the assembly (100) is hinged than the other side. For example, around 70 mm Fig. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the window or door assembly (100) across (A), looking from the top in Fig. 1. The glue material (6) is present on two opposite sides of the groove (14). A foaming material (17) is present between the two opposite sides of the groove (14). An elastic joint (12) is placed between the outer frame (1) and the wall (9) (or e.g. partition wall). Additionally, a fire resisting PU foaming material (8) may be present between the outer frame (1) and the wall (9).

A rubber layer (7), for example PVC rubber, is present on the outer frame (1), for example between the outer frame (1) and any of the profiles. Along with the rubber layer (7), or encompassed thereby, a graphite-based foaming material is present.

A first graphite-based foaming sealant (10) is present between on one or on all of the profiles (2, 3, 4), for example between the profiles and the outer frame (1). A second graphite-based foaming sealant (11) is present between the outer frame (1) and the wall (9). Both of these are flexible intumescent sealants (11).

Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of the window or door assembly (100) across (B), looking from the right in Fig. 1. The glue (6) is present along said profiles (2, 3, 4), on two sides of said groove (14). The panel (5) is then inserted in the groove (14). The groove (14) has dimensions that match these of the panel (5), wherein the thickness of the panel (3) is slightly smaller than the thickness of the groove (14), to allow inserting and gluing the panel (5) in the groove (14). This facilitates holding the panel (5) in place, since it leaves no room for the panel (14) to move (e.g. swing) within the groove (14), which prevents the glue (6) from wearing off, and prolong the lifetime of the assembly (100). Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the groove (14) in one of the profiles (2, 3, 4) of the assembly (100). Table 1 below shows the dimensions labelled in Fig. 4 in preferred ranges, for an assembly with a fire resisting rating between El: 30 and El 60 according to European standard EN 1634. Table 1: Preferred dimensions for an assembly with a fire resisting rating between El: 30 and Elu 60 according to European standard EN 1634, according to embodiments of the present invention. on le ls qe (PT) 45 58 58 72 on ls who ls (GT) 16 38 30 45 be who ls (W) 30 70 30 B io jis |10 |15 | D [20 |54 34 61 | b |2 [8 [à [8 | d 2 [8 [2 8 |

The preceding description gives details of certain embodiments of the present invention.

It will, however, be clear that no matter how detailed the above turns out to be in text, the invention may be applied in many ways.

It should be noted that the use of certain terminology when describing certain characteristics or aspects of the invention should not be interpreted as implying that the terminology herein is defined again to be restricted to specific characteristics or aspects of the invention to which this terminology is coupled.

Claims

1. A door or window assembly (100) for resisting fire, comprising: - a plurality of profiles (2, 3, 4), and - a panel (5), wherein each profile (2, 3, 4) has a groove (14) along said profile (2, 3, 4), wherein said groove (14) is configured to receive one side of said panel (5), characterized in that said panel (5) is chemically coupled to said profiles (2, 3, 4), wherein said panel (5) is not mechanically coupled to said profiles (2, 3, 4), characterized in that, the assembly (100) is adapted such that a foaming material (7, 8, 10, 11, 17) is insertable between at least one of the profiles and an outer frame surrounding the assembly (100), and/or between the outer frame and a wall connected thereto and/or in the groove (14).

2. A door or window assembly (100) according to claim 1, wherein said panel (5) is chemically coupled to said profiles (2, 3, 4) using a glue material (6).

3. A door or window assembly (100) according to claim 2, wherein the glue material (6) is present at least on one side of the groove (14), preferably at least on two opposite sides of the groove (14).

4. A door or window assembly (100) according to claims 2 to 3, wherein the glue material (6) is present along said profiles (2, 3, 4).

5. A door or window assembly (100) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the foaming material (17) comprises ammonium phosphate and/or a graphite-based material.

6. A door or window assembly (100) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the panel (5) is a glass panel, comprising at least one glass layer, preferably at least two glass layers, more preferably at least three glass layers, wherein the glass panel has a thickness between 15 and 50 mm.

7. A door or window assembly (100) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the panel (5) has a thickness less than 30% smaller than that of the groove (14), preferably less than 10% smaller.

8. A door or window assembly (100) according to any of the previous claims, wherein the profiles (2, 3, 4) are wooden, preferably made of Meranti wood, preferably with density of between 400 and 700 kg/m°, wherein each profile (2, 3, 4) is between 15 and 75 mm thick, and wherein each profile (2, 3, 4) is between 30 and 100 mm wide.

9. A door or window assembly (100) according to any of the previous claims, wherein each profile (2, 3, 4) is between 15 and 75 mm thick, and wherein each profile (2, 3, 4) is between 30 and 100 mm wide.

10. A door or window assembly (100) according to any of the previous claims, wherein said groove (14) is between 10 and 70 mm thick, preferably between 20 and 60 mm thick, and/or said groove is between 10 and 40 mm wide, preferably between 10 and 20 mm wide.

11. A method of assembling a fire-resisting door or window assembly (100), wherein said method comprises the steps of: - providing a panel (5), preferably a glass panel, preferably a multi-layer glass panel, - providing a plurality of profiles (2, 3, 4), preferably four profiles, preferably wooden profiles, - adapting each profile (2, 3, 4) to have a groove (14) along said profile, wherein said groove (14) is configured to receive said panel (5), and - coupling chemically said panel (5) to said profiles (2, 3, 4), wherein the method does not comprise the step of: - coupling mechanically said panel (5) to said profiles (2, 3, 4), characterized in that the method comprises the step of: - providing a foaming material (7, 8, 10, 11, 17) between at least one of the profiles (2, 3, 4) and an outer frame surrounding the assembly, and/or between the outer frame and a wall connected thereto and/or in the groove (14).

12. A method according to claim 11, wherein said method further comprises the step of:

- providing a glue material (6) in the groove (14), preferably on two opposite sides of the groove (14).

13. A use of a door or a window assembly (100) according to claims 1 to 10 for resisting fire and/or use of a method according to any of the claims 11 to 12, for assembling a fire-resisting door or window assembly (100).