LU501479B1 - Preparation method of nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst - Google Patents
Preparation method of nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- LU501479B1 LU501479B1 LU501479A LU501479A LU501479B1 LU 501479 B1 LU501479 B1 LU 501479B1 LU 501479 A LU501479 A LU 501479A LU 501479 A LU501479 A LU 501479A LU 501479 B1 LU501479 B1 LU 501479B1
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 235000017048 Garcinia mangostana Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 240000006053 Garcinia mangostana Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000967 suction filtration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011865 Pt-based catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000696 nitrogen adsorption--desorption isotherm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/96—Carbon-based electrodes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method of preparing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst. According to the invention, the waste mangosteen peel is used to prepare porous graphite biomass carbon, the nitrogen element contained in the biomass materials is used for doping without adding nitrogen source, combining the activation of KOH and Co2+ catalytic graphitization, the preparation process is simple, and the mangosteen peel biomass is successfully converted into a high-performance ORR catalyst for MFCs air cathode.
Description
Description LUSO1479 Preparation method of nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst
TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the field of Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs), in particular to a method of preparing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst.
BACKGROUND MFCs is a "green" technology that can not only treat wastewater organics but also generate electricity, which is of great significance for sustainable and new energy development field.
Air cathode MFCs is one of the important research directions of MFCs because of its simple structure and low cost. However, the existing air cathode MFCs have sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics process due to the mass transfer resistance of oxygen. Therefore, it is crucial for the large-scale application of MFCs to exploit an ORR catalyst with high efficiency, low cost and excellent stability.
Various ORR catalysts have been widely exploited, Pt based catalysts has high electrocatalytic activity and widely studied and applied as ORR catalysts in MFCs. . While the cost of Pt is high, so it is difficult for large-scale application of air-cathode MFCs Carbon-based catalysts are considered as ideal candidate materials for Pt-based catalysts due to their cheap, large surface area, reasonable electrocatalytic activity, and easy preparation.
The specific surface area and pore structure of carbon-based catalyst are important factors that affect the performance of ORR. Carbon-based materials are usually activated by chemical activators to obtain porous structures with high specific surface area, but adding the chemical activators will damage the graphitization degree of materials, thus weakening the electrical conductivity, several methods for preparing porous graphite carbon materials have been recorded, such as the sacrificial template method using silica or surfactant, however, this method needs expensive precursor materials and the preparation process is complicated, so it is difficult for large- scale application of ORR catalysts.
Biomass, as precursors of carbon-based materials, low-cost and plentiful. Its unique natural structure and abundant element composition including oxygen, nitrogen, and other elements play an important role in the synthesis of carbon materials.
Therefore, it is important to propose a low-cost and environmentally friendly way bp501479 preparing appropriate porous structure and high graphitization degree carbon materials from natural biomass, and used them as ORR catalysts for MFCs field.
SUMMARY The objective of the present invention is to overcome the above problems, and propose a strategy of synthesizing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon with low cost and high efficiency by using mangosteen peel as carbon source and nitrogen source, coupled with KOH activation and Co”*catalytic graphitization.
The technical scheme disclosed by the invention is as follows: the method of preparing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst comprises the following steps: S1, repeatedly washing mangosteen peel with deionized water, drying at 100-120°C, and crushing the dried mangosteen peel into powder to obtain product A; S2, heating the product À to 400°C at a heating rate of 5-8°C/min under the protection of nitrogen, then pyrolyzing for 2-3 hours to obtain a dark black product, and grinding the dark black product to obtain product B; S3, adding product B into CoCl> aqueous solution, soaking for 6-10h under stirring condition, then separating solid phase from liquid, drying, adding the solid phase into KOH solution, reacting for 6-10h under stirring condition, separating the solid phase again, and drying it to obtain product C; S4, heating the product C to 600-850°C at a heating rate of 5-8°C/min under the protection of nitrogen, and then calcining for 2-3 hours to obtain a black product D; SS, immersing the product D in HCI solution to react for 8-12 hours, then separating the solid phase, repeatedly washing with deionized water to neutrality, and drying to obtain nitrogen self- doped porous graphite carbon.
As an improvement, the drying step in S1 is carried out in an oven for 10-12 hours.
As an improvement, the concentration of CoCl» aqueous solution in S3 is 0.05mol/L, and the mass ratio of product B to CoCl> is 1:1-2:1.
As an improvement, the concentration of KOH solution in S3 is 0.1g/mL, and the mass ratio of product B to KOH is 1:1-1:2.
As an improvement, the product washed to neutrality by deionized water in S5 is dried at 6p4501479 80°C for 10-12 hours.
The invention has the following advantages: According to the invention, the waste mangosteen peel 1s used to prepare porous graphite biomass carbon, the nitrogen element contained in the biomass materials 1s used for doping without adding additional nitrogen source, coupled with the KOH activation and Co” catalytic graphitization, the preparation process is simple, and the mangosteen peel is successfully converted into a high-performance ORR catalyst for MFCs air cathode.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Fig. 1 is a 5 um electron micrograph of embodiment 1 of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a 5 um electron micrograph of embodiment 2 of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a 5 um electron micrograph of embodiment 3 of the present invention; Fig. 4 is a 2 um electron micrograph of embodiment 4 of the present invention; Fig. 5 is a 5 um electron micrograph of embodiment 4 of the present invention; Fig. 6 is a 5 um electron micrograph of embodiment 5 of the present invention; Fig. 7 is an XPS full spectrum diagram of embodiments 1-5 of the present invention; Fig. 8 is the nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm of embodiments 1-5 of the present invention; Fig. 9 is a power density and polarization curve of embodiments 1-5 of the present invention; Fig. 10 is a Raman curve of embodiments 1-5 of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Next, the invention will be further explained with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate the present invention and not to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, after reading the content of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make changes or modifications to the present invention, and the equivalent forms also fall within the scope defined by the claims of this application.
Embodiment 1 This embodiment discloses a method of preparing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst, which comprises the following steps:
S1, repeatedly washing mangosteen peel with deionized water, drying at 100°C for 12 hours /501479 and crushing the dried mangosteen peel into powder to obtain product A; S2, putting the product A into a tube furnace, gradually raising the temperature to 400°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min under the protection of nitrogen, then pyrolyzing for 2 hours to obtain a dark black product, and grinding to obtain product B; S3, adding 10g of product B into 200mL of 0.05mol/L. CoCl, aqueous solution, soaking for 8h under the condition of magnetic stirring, then separating solid phase from liquid, drying in an oven at 60°C, adding 200ml of KOH solution with a concentration of 0.1g/mL, soaking for 8h under stirring, separating the solid phase again, and drying to obtain product C; S4, putting the product C into a tube furnace, heating to 600°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min under the protection of nitrogen, and then calcining for 1 hour to obtain a black product D; SS, immersing the product D in HCI solution for 8 hours, then performing solid-liquid separation by suction filtration, repeatedly washing with deionized water until the solution is neutral, drying at 70°C for 12 hours, and then obtaining nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon.
Embodiment 2 This embodiment discloses a method of preparing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst, which comprises the following steps: S1, repeatedly washing mangosteen peel with deionized water, drying at 100°C for 12 hours, and crushing the dried mangosteen peel into powder to obtain product A; S2, putting the product A into a tube furnace, gradually raising the temperature to 400°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min under the protection of nitrogen, then pyrolyzing for 2 hours to obtain a dark black product, and grinding to obtain product B; S3, adding 10g of product B into 200mL of 0.05mol/L. CoCl, aqueous solution, soaking for 8h under the condition of magnetic stirring, then separating solid phase from liquid, drying in an oven at 60°C, adding 200ml of KOH solution with a concentration of 0.1g/mL, soaking for 8h under stirring, separating the solid phase again, and drying to obtain product C; S4, putting the product C into a tube furnace, heating to 700°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min under the protection of nitrogen, and then calcining for 2 hours to obtain a black product D; SS, immersing the product D in HCI solution for 8 hours, then performing solid-liquid separation by suction filtration, repeatedly washing with deionized water until the solution is neutral, drying at 70°C for 12 hours, and then obtaining nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon 901479 Embodiment 3 This embodiment discloses a method of preparing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCSs air cathode catalyst, which comprises the following steps: S1, repeatedly washing mangosteen peel with deionized water, drying at 100°C for 12 hours, and crushing the dried mangosteen peel into powder to obtain product A; S2, putting the product A into a tube furnace, gradually raising the temperature to 400°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min under the protection of nitrogen, then pyrolyzing for 2 hours to obtain a dark black product, and grinding to obtain product B; S3, adding 10g of product B into 200mL of 0.05mol/L. CoCl, aqueous solution, soaking for 8h under the condition of magnetic stirring, then separating solid phase from liquid, drying in an oven at 60°C, adding 200ml of KOH solution with a concentration of 0.1g/mL, soaking for 8h under stirring, separating the solid phase again, and drying to obtain product C; S4, putting the product C into a tube furnace, heating to 750°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min under the protection of nitrogen, and then calcining for 2 hours to obtain a black product D; SS, immersing the product D in HCI solution for 8 hours, then performing solid-liquid separation by suction filtration, repeatedly washing with deionized water until the solution is neutral, drying at 70°C for 12 hours, and then obtaining nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon.
Embodiment 4 This embodiment discloses a method of preparing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst, which comprises the following steps: S1, repeatedly washing mangosteen peel with deionized water, drying at 100°C for 12 hours, and crushing the dried mangosteen peel into powder to obtain product A; S2, putting the product A into a tube furnace, gradually raising the temperature to 400°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min under the protection of nitrogen, then pyrolyzing for 2 hours to obtain a dark black product, and grinding to obtain product B; S3, adding 10g of product B into 200mL of 0.05mol/L. CoCl, aqueous solution, soaking for 8h under the condition of magnetic stirring, then separating solid phase from liquid, drying in an oven at 60°C, adding 200ml of KOH solution with a concentration of 0.1g/mL, soaking for 8h under stirring, separating the solid phase again, and drying to obtain product C;
S4, putting the product C into a tube furnace, heating to 800°C at a heating rate of 5°C/mh501479 under the protection of nitrogen, and then calcining for 2 hours to obtain a black product D; SS, immersing the product D in HCI solution for 8 hours, then performing solid-liquid separation by suction filtration, repeatedly washing with deionized water until the solution is neutral, drying at 70°C for 12 hours, and then obtaining nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon.
Embodiment 5 This embodiment discloses a method of preparing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst, which comprises the following steps: S1, repeatedly washing mangosteen peel with deionized water, drying at 100°C for 12 hours, and crushing the dried mangosteen peel into powder to obtain product A; S2, putting the product A into a tube furnace, gradually raising the temperature to 400°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min under the protection of nitrogen, then pyrolyzing for 2 hours to obtain a dark black product, and grinding to obtain product B; S3, adding 10g of product B into 200 mL of 0.05mol/L CoCl; aqueous solution, soaking for 8h under the condition of magnetic stirring, then separating solid phase from liquid, drying in an oven at 60°C, adding 200 ml of KOH solution with a concentration of 0.1g/mL, soaking for 8h under stirring, separating the solid phase again, and drying to obtain product C; S4, putting the product C into a tube furnace, heating to 850°C at a heating rate of 5°C/min under the protection of nitrogen, and then calcining for 2 hours to obtain a black product D; SS, immersing the product D in HCI solution for 8 hours, then performing solid-liquid separation by suction filtration, repeatedly washing with deionized water until the solution is neutral, drying at 70°C for 12 hours, and then obtaining nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon.
According to Figures 1-6, the material calcined at 600°C (embodiment 1) shows a smooth surface, some large holes are formed, and most of its structure is not activated. With the increase of activation temperature, the surface becomes more and more rough and porous, until at 800°C, the material presents a three-dimensional honeycomb-like porous structure with interconnected pores, thus increasing the specific surface area of the material. With the activation temperature further increased to 850°C, the pore structure of the material began to collapse.
According to figure 7, embodiments 1-5 can successfully dope nitrogen into graphite carbon.
According to figure 8, it can be concluded that the same type I isotherm is shown in embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, which indicates that the material has a large number bp501479 microporous structures and limited mesopores and macropores. While in embodiments 3-5, the isotherms of the materials observed at moderate relative pressure (0.4 <P / Po <0.9) are type I and type IV, and H4 hysteresis loop appears, which proves the existence of micropore and mesopore structure. At the same time, the adsorption isotherm curve of embodiment 4 shows a slight upward trend at higher relative pressure (P/Po> 0.90), which corresponds to the existence of macropores, indicating that the material at this activation temperature realizes the coexistence structure of micropores, mesopores and macropores.
According to figure 9, it can be concluded that the power density of MFCs in embodiment 4 is slightly higher than that of Pt catalyst, and other embodiments is lower than that of Pt catalyst.
According to figure 10, in embodiments 1-5, the ratio of D peak to G peak decreases with the increase of activation temperature, and the graphitization degree also increases, and a distinct 2D peak at -2700 cm—1 was observed in embodiments 3-5, which are typical peaks of graphite carbon.
Based on the above conclusions, it can be concluded that embodiment 4 is the preferred embodiment.
The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but they are only examples, and the present invention is not equivalent to the specific embodiments described above. For those skilled in the field, any equivalent modifications and substitutions of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, equal changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, repeatedly washing mangosteen peel with deionized water, drying at 100-120°C, and crushing the dried mangosteen peel into powder to obtain product A; S2, heating the product A to 400°C at a heating rate of 5-8°C/min under the protection of nitrogen, then pyrolyzing for 2-3 hours to obtain a dark black product, and grinding the dark black product to obtain product B; S3, adding product B into CoCl, aqueous solution, soaking for 6-10h under stirring condition, then separating solid phase from liquid, drying, adding the solid phase into KOH solution, soaking for 6-10h under stirring condition, separating the solid phase again, and drying it to obtain product C; S4, heating the product C to 600-850°C at a heating rate of 5-8°C/min under the protection of nitrogen, and then calcining for 2-3 hours to obtain a black product D; SS, immersing the product D in HCI solution to react for 8-12 hours, then separating the solid phase, repeatedly washing with deionized water to neutrality, and drying to obtain nitrogen self- doped porous graphite carbon.
2. The method of preparing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the drying in S1 is carried out in an oven for 10-12 hours.
3. The method of preparing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the concentration of CoCl, aqueous solution in S3 is 0.05mol/L, and the mass ratio of product B to CoCl> is 1:1-2:1.
4. The method of preparing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the concentration of KOH solution in S3 is 0.1g/mL, and the mass ratio of product B to KOH is 1:1-1:2.
5. The method of preparing nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the product washed to neutrality by deionized water in SS is dried at 60-80°C for 10-12 hours.
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| LU501479A LU501479B1 (en) | 2022-02-15 | 2022-02-15 | Preparation method of nitrogen self-doped porous graphite carbon MFCs air cathode catalyst |
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