LU501053B1 - A Portable Method for Determining Nitrogen Efficiency of Woody Plants in the Field - Google Patents
A Portable Method for Determining Nitrogen Efficiency of Woody Plants in the Field Download PDFInfo
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- LU501053B1 LU501053B1 LU501053A LU501053A LU501053B1 LU 501053 B1 LU501053 B1 LU 501053B1 LU 501053 A LU501053 A LU 501053A LU 501053 A LU501053 A LU 501053A LU 501053 B1 LU501053 B1 LU 501053B1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G01N31/12—Investigating or analysing non-biological materials by the use of the chemical methods specified in the subgroup; Apparatus specially adapted for such methods using combustion
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Abstract
A portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants in the field, which belongs to the technical field of determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants. The method includes the following steps: 1) Setting of nitrogen concentration gradient and blank control, 15N isotope labeled urea with 50% abundance; 3) Each plant is slowly watered along the base with 500-1000 mL of 15N labeled urea and blank control pure water with the above five concentration gradients; 4) After one week, the mature leaves at the top of each plant are collected; 5) The leaves are washed with pure water respectively, which are ground with a pulverizer after freeze-drying, and stored in a drying dish for determining; 6) The 15N abundance and total nitrogen content of the sample are determined by C / N element analyzer; 7) Calculating of the plant nitrogen efficiency; 8) Nonlinear fitting.
Description
DESCRIPTION HUS0T053 A Portable Method for Determining Nitrogen Efficiency of Woody Plants in the Field
TECHNICAL FIELD The invention belongs to the technical field of determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants, which is a portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants in the field.
BACKGROUND It takes a long time to select nitrogen-efficient varieties for woody plants (such as tea), mostly due to the lack of a portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency in the field. The existing methods of determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants (such as tea) are mainly through indoor water planting, potting and field experiments, while the young plants are adopted for water planting and potting, for which the results determined are quite different from the actual production in the field. In the field experiment, the determining methods such as yield calculation, nitrogen content and value SPAD are generally adopted to evaluate the nitrogen efficiency of woody plants, which is time-consuming and labor-consuming. The nitrogen efficiency determined may be affected by the site conditions, the ages of the tea trees, and many other nutrient elements. The invention aims to develop a portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants (tea trees) in the field. The nitrogen efficiency determined is more targeted, the result determined is close to the production practice. The operation is simple and not easily disturbed by the environment.
SUMMARY In view of the problems existing in the above technology, the invention aims to design and provide a portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants in the field. In the method, the woody plants with different tree ages in the field are irrigated with the urea solution labeled with 15 N stable isotope. After a certain time, the mature leaves at the top are picked to determine the 15 N isotope abundance and nitrogen content, which calculates the nitrogen efficiency.
The portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants in the HUS01058 field, which comprises the following steps: 1) Treatment setting: Five nitrogen concentration gradients are set, such as 0.05, 0.2,
0.5, 2 and 5 mM, and another blank control is set (i.e. pure water with nitrogen concentration of 0 mM), the nitrogen source to be used in the method is !°N isotope labeled urea (abundance of 50%), the nitrogen concentration gradient in the method can be adjusted according to different plants; 2) Treatment process: Each plant is slowly watered along the base with the solution of 500-1000 mL of the above six nitrogen concentration gradients respectively. For each treatment, 3-6 plants are selected in the field for treatment; 3) Sample collection: 10-20 mature leaves at the top of each plant are collected after one week of treatment; 4) Sample preparation: The sample leaves collected in Step 3) are washed with pure water, which are ground with a pulverizer after freeze-drying, and stored in a drying dish for determining; 5) Sample test: A C/N elemental analyzer was used to determine the 15N abundance and total nitrogen content of the 50% abundance of the sample described in Step 4) by the connection of a continuous flow interface device and an isotope mass spectrometry analyzer. The N, in the laboratory cylinder is calibrated with the standard substance of IAEA-N-1, and the atmospheric nitrogen is taken as the reference standard for the nitrogen isotope; 6)Calculate the nitrogen efficiency of the plant according to the determined data in Step 5), The formula is as: NE=[(TN%- Atom%o) treatment - (TN%' Atom%)Biank] 100/15, Where: NE is nitrogen efficiency, TN% is the total nitrogen content of the plant, Atom% is the percentage of the atom !*N, (TN%- Atom%o) Treatment is the !*N content of the plant treated with different !*N concentration , (TN%:Atom%)Blank is the PN content of the plant with pure water adding nitrogen concentration of 0 mM (i.e. blank control);
7)The nonlinear fitting of the relationship for the plant nitrogen efficiency is carried 7501058 out by Origin or Sigma Plot, and the fitting formula is obtained: NE=NE#:C/ (A+C) , NEL= NEx/A, Where: NE is nitrogen efficiency, NEx is nitrogen efficiency potential under the condition of high nitrogen, C is nitrogen concentration, A is constant, and NEL is nitrogen efficiency potential under the condition of low nitrogen.
2. The portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants in the field according to Claim 1, which is characterized in that the plant in Step 1) is a woody plant with unlimited tree age in the field.
3. The portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants in the field according to Claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the plant is a tea variety.
4. The portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants in the field according to Claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogen high efficient varieties are selected as control varieties for nitrogen efficiency determination in Steps 1) - 7), and the result determined is compared with the nitrogen efficiency of the sample plant to evaluate the nitrogen efficiency level of the sample plant.
5. The portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants in the field according to Claim 4, which is characterized in that the nitrogen high efficient varieties of the plants are Fuding Dabai and Longjing 43.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The invention will be further described below through the embodiments. Embodiment 1: 1) Selections of control varieties and test varieties: Taking the tea tree of the perennial woody plant as an example, 5-year-old Fuding Dabai is selected as the control variety, and 5-year-old Meifeng, Hangcha 19 and Hangcha 15 are selected as the test varieties; 2) Selection of test base: Take Pingyao Base of Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences as the test site for research. The basic physical and chemical properties of soil in the base are shown in Table 1; Table 1 Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil Foundation in Pingyao Base Alkali Total Rapidly | Availabl hydrolyz | nitroge available |e Organic ed n Experimental | pH potassiu | phosphor matter nitrogen | (mg site | m us | | (g kg”) 4 _ | (mg kg”) | kg”) (mg kg”) | (mg kg”) Hangzhou
4.16 21.32 74.13 13.04 85.16 1.13 Pingyao Base 3) Treatment setting: Five nitrogen concentration gradients are set, such as 0.05, 0.2,
0.5, 2 and 5 mM, and another blank control is set (i.e. pure water with nitrogen concentration of 0 mM), the nitrogen source to be used in the method is !°N isotope labeled urea (abundance of 50%), the nitrogen concentration gradient in the method can be adjusted according to different plants; 4) Treatment process: Each plant is slowly watered along the base with the solution of 500-1000 mL of the above six nitrogen concentration gradients respectively. For each treatment, 3-6 plants are selected in the field for treatment;
5) Sample collection: 10-20 mature leaves at the top of each plant are collected after 7501058 one week of treatment; 6) Sample preparation: The sample leaves collected in Step 3) are washed with pure water, which are ground with a pulverizer after freeze-drying, and stored in a drying dish for determining; 7) Sample test: A C/N elemental analyzer was used to determine the !*N abundance and total nitrogen content of the 50% abundance of the sample described in Step 6) by the connection of a continuous flow interface device and an isotope mass spectrometry analyzer.
The N; in the laboratory cylinder is calibrated with the standard substance of IAEA-N-1, and the atmospheric nitrogen is taken as the reference standard for the nitrogen isotope; 8)Calculate the nitrogen efficiency of the plant according to the determined data in Step 7), The formula is as: NE=[(TN%- Atom%o) Treatment - (TN%: Atom%)Blank] 100/15, Where: NE is nitrogen efficiency, TN% is the total nitrogen content of the plant, Atom% is the percentage of the atom !*N, (TN%- Atom%6) treatment is the !°N content of the plant treated with different !*N concentration , (TN%:Atom%)Blank is the PN content of the plant with pure water adding nitrogen concentration of 0 mM (i.e. blank control); 9) The nonlinear fitting of the relationship for the plant nitrogen efficiency is carried out by Origin or Sigma Plot, and the fitting formula is obtained: NE=NE#:C/ (A+C) , NE:= NEx/A, Where: NE is nitrogen efficiency, NEx is nitrogen efficiency potential under the condition of high nitrogen, C is nitrogen concentration, A is constant, and NEL is nitrogen efficiency potential under the condition of low nitrogen. 10) Evaluation of nitrogen efficiency for wild tea plants: Meifeng, Hangcha 19 and Hangcha 15 are compared with NEE and NEL of the control variety Fuding Dabai.
It is found by research (Table 2): The results for NE a and NE b of the control variety of Fuding Dabai in Pingyao Base, Hangzhou and Shengzhou Base, Shaoxing are very close, which indicates that the ages and site conditions of the tea trees have little effect on the results by the determination method.
In addition, for the value NE a, HUS01058 Hang Cha 19 is greater than the control variety of Fuding Dabai.
For the value NE b, hang Cha 19, Hang Cha 15 and Meifeng are greater than the control variety of Fuding Dabai.
Therefore, Hang Cha 19 is a double high-efficiency variety, Hang Cha 15 and Meifeng are low nitrogen and high-efficiency varieties.
Table 2 The Evaluation for Nitrogen Efficiency of 5-year-old Tea Plants in Pingyao, Hangzhou Tea varieties (strains) NEx A NEL By comparing the results of the different tree ages in the two bases, it is found that the evaluation results of nitrogen efficiency of Fuding Dabai are very little affected by site conditions and tree ages.
The difference of NE is less than 10% and the difference of NEL is about 5%. Embodiment 2:
1) Selections of control varieties and test varieties: Taking the tea tree of the perennial woody plant as an example, 3-year-old Longjing 43 and Fuding Dabai are selected as control varieties, and 3-year-old Zhongming 7 and 2807 are selected as test varieties;
2) Selection of test base: Shengzhou Base of Tea Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences is taken as the test site for research.
The basic physical and chemical properties of soil in this base are shown in Table 3;
Table 3 Physical and Chemical Properties of Soil Foundation in Shengzhou Base Organic Alkali Total
Experimental pH matter Rapidly | Availabl | hydrolyz | nitroge le J fe foe ee potassiu | phosphor | nitrogen | (g 10001058 m us (gkg") | kg”) (gkg") | (g kg”) Shengzhou Base, 3.63 44.12 287.49 53.51 94.73 1.15 Shaoxing 3)Treatment setting: Five nitrogen concentration gradients are set, such as 0.05, 0.2,
0.5, 2 and 5 mM, and another blank control is set (i.e. pure water with nitrogen concentration of 0 mM), the nitrogen source to be used in the method is !°N isotope labeled urea (abundance of 50%), the nitrogen concentration gradient in the method can be adjusted according to different plants; 4) Treatment process: Each plant is slowly watered along the base with the solution of 500-1000 mL of the above six nitrogen concentration gradients respectively. For each treatment, 3-6 plants are selected in the field for treatment; 5) Sample collection: 10-20 mature leaves at the top of each plant are collected after one week of treatment; 6) Sample preparation: The sample leaves collected in Step 5) are washed with pure water, which are ground with a pulverizer after freeze-drying, and stored in a drying dish for determining; 7) Sample test: A C/N elemental analyzer was used to determine the 15N abundance and total nitrogen content of the 50% abundance of the sample described in Step 6) by the connection of a continuous flow interface device and an isotope mass spectrometry analyzer. The N, in the laboratory cylinder is calibrated with the standard substance of IAEA-N-1, and the atmospheric nitrogen is taken as the reference standard for the nitrogen isotope; 8) Calculate the nitrogen efficiency of the plant according to the determined data in Step 7),
The formula is as: NE=[(TN%- Atom%o) Treatment - (TN%: Atom%)Blank] 100/15, HUS01058 Where: NE is nitrogen efficiency, TN% is the total nitrogen content of the plant, Atom% is the percentage of the atom !*N, (TN%- Atom%6) treatment is the !°N content of the plant treated with different !*N concentration , (TN%:Atom%)Blank is the PN content of the plant with pure water adding nitrogen concentration of 0 mM (i.e. blank control);
9) The nonlinear fitting of the relationship for the plant nitrogen efficiency is carried out by Origin or Sigma Plot, and the fitting formula is obtained: NE=NE#:C/ (A+C) , NE:= NEx/A, Where: NE is nitrogen efficiency, NEx is nitrogen efficiency potential under the condition of high nitrogen, C is nitrogen concentration, A is constant, and NEL is nitrogen efficiency potential under the condition of low nitrogen. 10) Evaluation of nitrogen efficiency of wild tea plants: Comparing Zhongming 7 and 2807 with NEx and NEL of control varieties Longjing 43 and Fuding Dabai, it is found by research (Table 4): For two control varieties, NEx and NE; of Longjing 43 are higher than those of Fuding Dabai, which indicates that Longjing 43 is a double high-efficiency tea variety, and is consistent with the actual production.
For the value NEx, Zhongming 7 and 2807 are greater than the control varieties Longjing 43 and Fuding Dabai, and for the value NEL, Zhongming 7 and 2807 are less than the control varieties Longjing 43 and Fuding Dabai.
Therefore, Zhongming 7 and 2807 are high nitrogen and high efficiency varieties.
Table 4 The Evaluation of Nitrogen Efficiency of 3-year-old Tea Trees in Shengzhou, Shaoxing Tea varieties (strains) NEx A NEL
Claims (5)
1. A portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants in the field, which comprises the following steps: 1) treatment setting: five nitrogen concentration gradients are set, such as 0.05,
0.2, 0.5, 2 and 5 mM, and another blank control is set (i.e. pure water with nitrogen concentration of 0 mM), the nitrogen source to be used in the method is !°N isotope labeled urea (abundance of 50%), the nitrogen concentration gradient in the method can be adjusted according to different plants; 2) treatment process: each plant is slowly watered along the base with the solution of 500-1000 mL of the above six nitrogen concentration gradients respectively; for each treatment, 3-6 plants are selected in the field for treatment, 3) sample collection: 10-20 mature leaves at the top of each plant are collected after one week of treatment; 4) sample preparation: the sample leaves collected in step 3) are washed with pure water, which are ground with a pulverizer after freeze-drying, and stored in a drying dish for determining; 5) sample test: a C/N elemental analyzer was used to determine the 15N abundance and total nitrogen content of the 50% abundance of the sample described in step 4) by the connection of a continuous flow interface device and an isotope mass spectrometry analyzer; the N, in the laboratory cylinder is calibrated with the standard substance of TAEA-N-1, and the atmospheric nitrogen is taken as the reference standard for the nitrogen isotope; 6) calculate the nitrogen efficiency of the plant according to the determined data in step 5), the formula is as: NE=[(TN%- Atom%) treatment - (TN%' Atom%o)stank]- 100/15, where: NE is nitrogen efficiency, TN% is the total nitrogen content of the plant, Atom% is the percentage of the atom !*N, (TN%- Atom%)Treatment is the !°N content of the plant treated with different !*N concentration , (TN%:Atom%)Blank is the PN content of the plant with pure water adding nitrogen concentration of 0 mM (i.e. blank control);
7) The nonlinear fitting of the relationship for the plant nitrogen efficiency is HUS01058 carried out by Origin or Sigma Plot, and the fitting formula is obtained: NE=NEx-C/ (A+C) , NE.=NEWA, where: NE is nitrogen efficiency, NEx is nitrogen efficiency potential under the condition of high nitrogen, C is nitrogen concentration, A is constant, and NEL is nitrogen efficiency potential under the condition of low nitrogen.
2. The portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants in the field according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the plant in step 1) is a woody plant with unlimited tree age in the field.
3. The portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants in the field according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the plant is a tea variety.
4. The portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants in the field according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the nitrogen high efficient varieties are selected as control varieties for nitrogen efficiency determination in steps 1) - 7), and the result determined is compared with the nitrogen efficiency of the sample plant to evaluate the nitrogen efficiency level of the sample plant.
5. The portable method for determining nitrogen efficiency of woody plants in the field according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the nitrogen high efficient varieties of the plants are Fuding Dabai and Longjing 43.
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| LU501053A LU501053B1 (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | A Portable Method for Determining Nitrogen Efficiency of Woody Plants in the Field |
| LU502691A LU502691B1 (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2022-08-22 | A Portable Method for Determining Nitrogen Efficiency of Woody Plants in the Field |
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| LU501053A LU501053B1 (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | A Portable Method for Determining Nitrogen Efficiency of Woody Plants in the Field |
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| LU501053A LU501053B1 (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2021-12-21 | A Portable Method for Determining Nitrogen Efficiency of Woody Plants in the Field |
| LU502691A LU502691B1 (en) | 2021-12-21 | 2022-08-22 | A Portable Method for Determining Nitrogen Efficiency of Woody Plants in the Field |
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