LU102690B1 - Three-dimensional Laser Scanning Equipment - Google Patents

Three-dimensional Laser Scanning Equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
LU102690B1
LU102690B1 LU102690A LU102690A LU102690B1 LU 102690 B1 LU102690 B1 LU 102690B1 LU 102690 A LU102690 A LU 102690A LU 102690 A LU102690 A LU 102690A LU 102690 B1 LU102690 B1 LU 102690B1
Authority
LU
Luxembourg
Prior art keywords
laser scanning
dimensional laser
supporting rod
scanning equipment
substrate
Prior art date
Application number
LU102690A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Huanchun Huang
Sichun Tong
Original Assignee
Univ Nanjing Forestry
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Univ Nanjing Forestry filed Critical Univ Nanjing Forestry
Priority to LU102690A priority Critical patent/LU102690B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of LU102690B1 publication Critical patent/LU102690B1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4817—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements relating to scanning
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
    • G01C15/002—Active optical surveying means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
    • G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
    • G01S7/4811—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements common to transmitter and receiver
    • G01S7/4813—Housing arrangements

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

Three-dimensional laser scanning equipment is disclosed in the invention, which is composed of a telescopic frame, a fixed base, a supporting rod and a scanning target. The bottom of that supporting rod is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top surface of the fixed base. Besides, the middle part of the bottom surface of the fixed base is provided with that telescopic frame. The scanning target has a rhombic structure with chamfers arranged on four sides. It comprises a reflector, an attraction sheet and a substrate. Wherein, the reflector is equally divided into four areas with the same area through a cross-shaped baseline. The edge of each area is fixedly connected with the substrate by adhering the attraction sheet. The top and bottom of that substrate are fixedly installed on the supporting rod.

Description

DESCRIPTION Three-dimensional Laser Scanning Equipment
TECHNICAL FIELD The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional measurement, and particularly describes to a three-dimensional laser scanning device.
BACKGROUND Three-dimensional laser scanning technology is also known as “real-world replication technology”. At present, it is mainly used in the construction industry, civil engineering, industrial measurement, forestry and other fields, and helps to build accurate 3D models. Its principle is to adopt narrow infrared laser beam scanning mechanism to quickly and continuously collect the point cloud data of the object surface, and automatically record the data to the computer for measurement. It has many incomparable advantages over traditional measurement methods, such as large amount of collected information, high degree of digitization and non-contact. Utilizing three-dimensional laser scanning technology to measure plants can not only accurately and quantitatively analyse detailed features, but also effectively capture the real-time dynamic changes of plants, which is helpful to build a single tree 3D model changing with time and space, and can also be widely used in the construction of large-scale forest scenes. Therefore, the design of a three-dimensional laser scanning device is urgently needed. In view of the advantages of three-dimensional laser scanning technology mentioned above, it is urgent for people to design 3D laser scanning equipment.
SUMMARY The purpose of the invention is to provide a three-dimensional laser scanning device to solve the problems existing in this technical field.
The three-dimensional laser scanning equipment disclosed in the invention can realize high target accuracy and accurate feature point position so as to improve the laser scanning accuracy and efficiency.
Moreover, it can avoid affecting the use of the scanner due to the failure of the gradienter and reduce the use cost for users.
For the purpose of the above, the invention provides the following scheme.
Three-dimensional laser scanning equipment is provided in the invention, which specifically includes a telescopic frame, a fixed base, a supporting rod and a scanning target.
The bottom of that supporting rod is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top surface of the fixed base.
Besides, the middle part of the bottom surface of the fixed base is provided with that telescopic frame.
The scanning target has a rhombic structure with chamfers arranged on four sides.
It comprises a reflector, an attraction sheet and a substrate.
Wherein, the reflector is equally divided into four areas with the same area through a cross-shaped baseline.
The edge of each area is fixedly connected with the substrate by adhering the attraction sheet.
The top and bottom of that substrate are fixedly installed on the supporting rod.
Preferably, the substrate is made of steel structure Furthermore, in the application, the suction sheet is used to fit the substrate, the reflective plate is used to make the laser scanner be recognized, and the cross-shaped baseline is used to realize the accurate positioning of the target.
Due to the setting of the high- contrast reflector and cross-shaped baseline in this application, the high target accuracy and accurate feature point position can be achieved, thereby improving the laser scanning accuracy and efficiency as well as effectively solving the problem of fixing target and substrate.
Any two adjacent areas are respectively a white reflective area and a black reflective area.
The middle part of the chamfer is further marked with a scale and the attraction sheet is a thin magnetic attraction sheet.
Preferably, the thickness of the thin magnetic suction sheet is 0.5mm.
The middle part of the supporting rod is provided with a groove, two sides of which extend horizontally outward to form an auxiliary bracket.
In addition, the substrate is installed in the groove and fixedly connected with the auxiliary bracket.
The fixed base comprises a rotating part and a fixed part.
Specifically, the rotating part is arranged on that top of the fixed part, and the top surface of the rotating part is fixedly connected with the bottom of the supporting rod.
The fixed part comprises a fixing plate, wherein the middle part of the side wall of the fixing plate is provided with a horizontal groove for holding a gradienter.
The middle parts of two opposite side walls of the horizontal groove are both extended inward and provided with elastic grooves.
The bottom of that two elastic grooves are fixedly connected with springs, and the other ends of the springs are fixedly connected with one side of an elastic block.
The other side of that elastic block is connected with the clamping plate.
Preferably, through the supporting rod, the selection range of the measuring point position of the scanning target is expanded, and the coordinate measurement of the centre of the reflection target is accurately controllable, which can expand the effective data range of ground laser scanning and improve the accuracy of the scanning data.
Meanwhile, the reflection target is simple structure, convenient installation, and durability.
The outer diameter of the elastic block is the same as the inner diameter of the elastic groove.
The horizontal section of that clamping plate is larger than the that notch section of the elastic groove, but not greater than the horizontal section of the side wall of the horizontal groove.
Preferably, when the gradienter fails and needs to be replaced, the staff can push the clamping plate to both sides to take out the faulty gradienter and put a new gradienter into the horizontal groove, and then loosen the splint, so that the clamping plate can squeeze and fix the gradienter under the elastic force of the spring.
With simple structure and strong practicability, the invention can avoid affecting the use of the scanner due to the failure of the gradienter and reduce the use cost for users.
Preferably, a positioning device can also be installed above the supporting rod.
The telescopic frame is a triangular telescopic frame.
The invention discloses the following technical effects.
Due to the setting of the high-contrast reflector and cross-shaped baseline in this application, the high target accuracy and accurate feature point position can be achieved, thereby improving the laser scanning accuracy and efficiency.
As a result, the problem of fixing the target and the substrate is effectively solved as well.
In addition, the structure design of the fixed base can avoid affecting the use of the scanner due to the failure of the gradienter and further reduce the use cost for users.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the existing technology, the needed figures in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the figures described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in the technical field, without paying creative labour, other figures may also be obtained according to these. Figure 1 is the structural diagram of the invention. Figure 2 1s a structural diagram of the fixed part of the invention. Figure 3 1s the structural diagram of the scanning target of the invention. Figure 4 is a side view of the supporting rod of the present invention. In figures, 1- telescopic frame, 2- fixed base, 3- supporting rod, 4- scanning target, 21- fixing plate, 22- horizontal groove, 23- elastic groove, 24- elastic block, 25- clamping plate, 31- groove, 32- auxiliary bracket, 41- reflector, 42- attraction sheet, 43- substrate, 44- cross-shaped baseline.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention will be described clearly and completely in combination with the figures in the embodiments of the invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without making creative work belong to the protection scope of the invention.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the invention more obvious and easier to understand, the invention will be further described in detail in combination with figures and specific implementation mode.
The tree-dimensional laser scanning equipment is provided in the invention, which includes a telescopic frame (1), a fixed base (2), a supporting rod (3) and a scanning target (4). The bottom of that supporting rod (3) is fixedly arrange in the middle of the top surface of the fixed base (2). Besides, the middle part of the bottom surface of the fixed base (2) is provided with that telescopic frame (1). The scanning target (4) has a rhombic structure with chamfers arranged on four sides.
It comprises a reflector (41), an attraction sheet (42) and a substrate (43). Wherein, the reflector (41) 1s equally divided into four areas with the same area through a cross-shaped baseline (44). The edge of each area is fixedly connected with the substrate (43) by adhering the attraction sheet (42). The top and bottom of that substrate (43) are fixedly installed on the supporting rod (3). Any two adjacent areas are respectively a white reflective area and a black reflective area.
The middle part of the chamfer is further marked with a scale and the attraction sheet (42) is a thin magnetic attraction sheet.
The middle part of the supporting rod (3) is provided with a groove (31), two sides of which extend horizontally outward to form an auxiliary bracket (32). In addition, the substrate (43) is installed in the groove (31) and fixedly connected with the auxiliary bracket (32). The fixed base (2) comprises a rotating part and a fixed part.
Specifically, the rotating part is arranged on that top of the fixed part, and the top surface of the rotating part is fixedly connected with the bottom of the supporting rod (3). The fixed part comprises a fixing plate (21), wherein the middle part of the side wall of the fixing plate (21) is provided with a horizontal groove (22) for holding a gradienter.
The middle parts of two opposite side walls of the horizontal groove (22) are both extended inward and provided with elastic grooves (23). The bottom of that two elastic grooves (23) are fixedly connected with springs, and the other ends of the springs are fixedly connected with one side of an elastic block (24). The other side of that elastic block (24) is connected with the clamping plate (25). The outer diameter of the elastic block (24) is the same as the inner diameter of the elastic groove (23). The horizontal section of that clamping plate (25) is larger than the that notch section of the elastic groove (23), but not greater than the horizontal section of the side wall of the horizontal groove (22). The telescopic frame (1) is a triangular telescopic frame.
In one embodiment of the invention, the karst vegetation restoration scheme was experimentally studied through the three-dimensional scanning equipment combined with LMS technology Southwest karst area, with Guizhou as the centre, has the largest continuous distribution area and the most complete karst development in the world.
It has the characteristics of diverse types, wide distribution and strong development, and plays an important role in the global karst degradation ecosystem.
Vegetation degradation is considered to be the main reason for the function loss of karst ecosystem.
Geological background and human disturbance factors lead to the collaborative degradation of vegetation-soil system, which causes serious contradiction between human and land.
Therefore, vegetation restoration and reconstruction are the fundamental ways to improve the karst ecological environment.
1. Selection and allocation of suitable tree species in karst area Through the investigation of the trees with good growth in Puding County, four trees of Cipressus duclouxiana, Robinia pseudoacacia, Broussonetia papyrifera, Prunus salicina with drought resistance, barren tolerance, wide distribution and certain economic value were selected. Then, morphological feature parameters were extracted. And five configuration modes were set up to form a multi-layer mixed forest: Cipressus duclouxiana + Broussonetia papyrifera + Prunus salicina, Cipressus duclouxiana + Robinia pseudoacacia + Prunus salicinam, Broussonetia papyrifera + Robinia pseudoacacia + Prunus salicina, Cipressus duclouxiana + Broussonetia papyrifera + Robinia pseudoacacia, Cipressus duclouxiana+ Robinia pseudoacacia~+ Prunus salicina + Broussonetia papyrifera.
2. Acquisition of morphological characteristic parameters The 3D laser scanner in the invention and supporting software Realworks were used to collect and process the morphological characteristics data of suitable tree species in Puding County, Guizhou Province. Complete field data collection such as site setting, target placement, and formal scanning of scanned objects in sequence. The scanning accuracy was set to resolution of 5.7mm at 30m, the scanning time for one station was about 10min, and the scanning distance was 120m. Each scanning site had 3 stations, and each scanning station used more than 4 targets, guaranteed not to be blocked. In order to meet the requirements of point cloud data splicing, at least 3 target positions of adjacent stations overlapped.
3. Office data processing Use the attached software Realworks to complete the steps of “multi-site cloud data splicing and registration” and “point cloud data segmentation”. Use the third-party software Cloudcompare to complete the steps of “single tree point cloud data segmentation” and “single tree point cloud data measurement” to obtain morphological characteristics data (tree height, diameter at breast height, ground diameter, crown breadth, clear length, branch angle) of various tree species at different ages. Then carry out classification and tabulation. The landscape management system (LMS) software and the schedule visibility system (SVS) were used to simulate and evaluate the forest stand growth at the plot scale. Inputting the morphological data of each tree species obtained by the three-dimensional laser scanning device in this application into the SVS, and after determining the planting density, the visualization of the stand simulation can be realized. And then the forest stand growth model (FVS) can continue to realize the growth simulation of various tree species of different ages, and further it can automatically calculate the canopy closure of the simulated forest stand. According to the research results, it can be concluded that following schemes of Cipressus duclouxiana + Broussonetia papyrifera + Prunus salicina, Cipressus duclouxiana+ Robinia pseudoacacia~+ Prunus salicinam and Cipressus duclouxiana+ Broussonetia papyrifera + Robinia pseudoacacia + Prunus salicina, can form good vegetation coverage in a short period of time. Besides, it is not easy to form dense forests in a long period of simulation time, so that vegetation restoration can be attempted.
Among them, the scheme of Cipressus duclouxiana+ Broussonetia papyrifera+ Robinia pseudoacacia~+ Prunus salicina has relatively high species diversity, and can be used as a preferred scheme for vegetation restoration.
In the description of the invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms “longitudinal”, “transverse”, “up”, “down”, “front”, “back”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside” is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and it is only for the convenience of describing the invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.
Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation of the invention.
The above-mentioned embodiments only describe the preferred mode of the invention, not limit the scope of the invention.
On the premise of not departing from the design spirit of the invention, all kinds of deformation and improvement made by ordinary technicians in the field on the technical scheme of the invention shall fall into the protection scope determined by the claims of the invention.

Claims (7)

CLAIMS:
1. Three-dimensional laser scanning equipment, characterized by including a telescopic frame (1), a fixed base (2), a supporting rod (3) and a scanning target (4); the bottom of that supporting rod (3) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the top surface of the fixed base (2); besides, the middle part of the bottom surface of the fixed base (2) is provided with that telescopic frame (1); the scanning target (4) has a rhombic structure with chamfers arranged on four sides; it comprises a reflector (41), an attraction sheet (42) and a substrate (43), wherein the reflector (41) is equally divided into four areas with the same area through a cross-shaped baseline (44); the edge of each area is fixedly connected with the substrate (43) by adhering the attraction sheet (42); the top and bottom of that substrate (43) are fixedly installed on the supporting rod (3).
2. The three-dimensional laser scanning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that any two adjacent areas are respectively a white reflective area and a black reflective area.
3. The three-dimensional laser scanning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle part of the chamfer is further marked with a scale and the attraction sheet (42) 1s a thin magnetic attraction sheet.
4. The three-dimensional laser scanning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle part of the supporting rod (3) is provided with a groove (31), two sides of which extend horizontally outward to form an auxiliary bracket (32); in addition, the substrate (43) is installed in the groove (31) and fixedly connected with the auxiliary bracket (32).
5. The three-dimensional laser scanning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixed base (2) comprises a rotating part and a fixed part; specifically, the rotating part 1s arranged on that top of the fixed part, and the top surface of the rotating part 1s fixedly connected with the bottom of the supporting rod (3); the fixed part comprises a fixing plate (21), wherein the middle part of the side wall of the fixing plate (21) is provided with a horizontal groove (22) for holding a gradienter; the middle parts of two opposite side walls of the horizontal groove (22) are both extended inward and provided with elastic grooves (23); the bottom of that two elastic grooves (23) are fixedly connected with springs, and the other ends of the springs are fixedly connected with one side of an elastic block (24); the other side of that elastic block (24) 1s connected with the clamping plate (25).
6. The three-dimensional laser scanning equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that the outer diameter of the elastic block (24) is the same as the inner diameter of the elastic groove (23); the horizontal section of that clamping plate (25) is larger than the that notch section of the elastic groove (23), but not greater than the horizontal section of the side wall of the horizontal groove (22).
7. The three-dimensional laser scanning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the telescopic frame (1) is a triangular telescopic frame.
LU102690A 2021-03-24 2021-03-24 Three-dimensional Laser Scanning Equipment LU102690B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU102690A LU102690B1 (en) 2021-03-24 2021-03-24 Three-dimensional Laser Scanning Equipment

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU102690A LU102690B1 (en) 2021-03-24 2021-03-24 Three-dimensional Laser Scanning Equipment

Publications (1)

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LU102690B1 true LU102690B1 (en) 2021-09-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Link
LU (1) LU102690B1 (en)

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Effective date: 20210924