LU101496B1 - Coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head and use method - Google Patents
Coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head and use method Download PDFInfo
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- LU101496B1 LU101496B1 LU101496A LU101496A LU101496B1 LU 101496 B1 LU101496 B1 LU 101496B1 LU 101496 A LU101496 A LU 101496A LU 101496 A LU101496 A LU 101496A LU 101496 B1 LU101496 B1 LU 101496B1
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- piezoelectric
- seat
- emission device
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
- E21C35/19—Means for fixing picks or holders
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C39/00—Devices for testing in situ the hardness or other properties of minerals, e.g. for giving information as to the selection of suitable mining tools
Abstract
The invention relates to a coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of coal mining mechnics. The coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head comprises a roller, a plurality of pick assemblies arranged on the outer surface of the roller, and a wireless transmitter fixed in the inner cavity of the roller, wherein each pick assembly comprises a pick, a pick seat, a pressure sensor, an acoustic emission device and a piezoelectric box; the pick is mounted in a pick mounting hole of the pick seat, and the pressure sensor is also mounted in the pick mounting hole and is in close contact with the tail end of the pick; the pick seat is also provided with a first mounting position and a second mounting position, the piezoelectric box is mounted in the first mounting position, and the acoustic emission device is mounted in the second mounting position; the piezoelectric box is electrically connected with the pressure sensor and the acoustic emission device respectively, and the pressure sensor, the acoustic emission device and the piezoelectric box of each pick assembly are electrically connected with the wireless transmitter; and the piezoelectric box can supply power for the pressure sensor, the acoustic emission device and the wireless transmitter.
Description
Coal Rock Hardness Grade Online Recognition Cutting Head and Use Method LU101496
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining machinery, in particular to a coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head and a use method.
[0002] At present, in the working process of mining machinery, the working process of a coal mining machine is used as an example, stone bands or rock strata with high hardness often exist in coal rocks, which causes uneven hardness of coal and rock mass. In general, there are extremely hard coal seam, hard coal seam, medium hard coal seam, soft coal seam, extremely soft coal seam and other categories as classified by the hardness grades of coal rocks. Currently, the coal mining machine cannot recognize the hardness grade of coal rocks in the working process. Therefore, the cutting heads of the coal mining machine can only cut the coal rocks according to the artificially-set cutting parameters when the coal mining machine works. Therefore, the phenomenon of coal rock cutting by the cutting heads with the same cutting parameters can occur. Therefore, the cutting heads can cut coal rocks of different hardness grades. Therefore, pick fracture, alloy head fall-off and the like are easy to cause, the project progress and the coal mining efficiency are seriously caused, and the construction cost in the mining process is increased.
[0003] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, on the one hand, the invention provides a coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head. The coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head comprises a roller, a plurality of pick assemblies arranged on the outer surface of the roller, and a wireless transmitter fixed to the inner cavity of the roller, wherein
[0004] each pick assembly comprises a pick, a pick seat, a pressure sensor, an acoustic emission device and a piezoelectric box; the pick is mounted in a pick mounting hole of the pick seat, and the pressure sensor is also mounted in the pick mounting hole and is in close contact with the tail end of the pick; the pick seat is also provided with a first mounting position and a second mounting position, the piezoelectric box is mounted in the first mounting position, and the acoustic emission device is mounted in the second mounting position; the piezoelectric box is LU101496 electrically connected with the pressure sensor and the acoustic emission device respectively, and the pressure sensor, the acoustic emission device and the piezoelectric box of each pick assembly are electrically connected with the wireless transmitter; and the piezoelectric box can supply power for the pressure sensor, the acoustic emission device and the wireless transmitter.
[0005] The pick seat comprises an upper pick seat and a lower pick seat, wherein the side wall of the upper pick seat is fixedly connected with the top of the lower pick seat at a certain angle; and the pick mounting hole is formed in the upper pick seat, and the first mounting position and the second mounting position are located on the side surface of the lower pick seat.
[0006] The upper pick seat is provided with the pick mounting hole, a first end cover seat hole and a first end cover, wherein the diameter of the pick mounting hole is smaller than that of the first end cover seat hole, and the tail end of the pick mounting hole communicates with the first end cover seat hole;
[0007] and a circlip groove is formed in a cylindrical section of the pick, a circlip sleeves the circlip groove, the cylindrical section with the circlip, of the pick is mounted in the pick mounting hole, the pressure sensor is located at the tail end of the pick mounting hole, and the first end cover is mounted in the first end cover seat hole by bolts.
[0008] A piezoelectric box mounting groove, a second end cover seat hole and a second end cover are arranged on one side surface of the lower pick seat, the piezoelectric box mounting groove communicates with the second end cover seat hole, the piezoelectric box is mounted in the piezoelectric box mounting groove, and the second end cover is mounted in the second end cover seat hole by bolts to seal the piezoelectric box in the piezoelectric box mounting groove;
[0009] a first wire hole is formed in the bottom of the first end cover seat hole and communicates with the pick mounting hole, a second wire hole is formed in the top surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove and communicates with the first wire hole, and positive and negative conducting wires in the first route led out of the piezoelectric box are connected with the positive and negative ports of the pressure sensor by penetrating through the second wire hole and the first wire hole sequentially.
[0010] An acoustic emission device mounting groove, a third end cover seat hole and LU101496 a third end cover are arranged on the other side surface of the lower pick seat, the acoustic emission device mounting groove communicates with the third end cover seat hole, the acoustic emission device is mounted in the acoustic emission device mounting groove, and the third end cover is mounted in the third end cover seat hole through bolts and is used to seal the acoustic emission device in the acoustic emission device mounting groove;
[0011] and a third wire hole is formed in the side surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove, a fourth wire hole is formed in the side surface of the acoustic emission device mounting groove, the third wire hole communicates with the fourth wire hole, and the positive and negative conducting wires in the second route led out of the piezoelectric box are connected with the positive port and the negative port of the acoustic emission device after sequentially penetrating through the third wire hole and the fourth wire hole to supply power for the acoustic emission device.
[0012] A fifth wire hole is formed in the bottom surface of the pick seat and communicates with the inner cavity of the roller, and the positive and negative conducting wires in the third route led out of the piezoelectric box are connected with the positive and negative ports of the wireless transmitter through the fifth wire hole.
[0013] A signal wire led out of a signal port of the pressure sensor is connected with the wireless transmitter sequentially through the first wire hole, the second wire hole and the fifth wire hole; and a signal wire led out of a signal port of the acoustic emission device is connected with the wireless transmitter sequentially through the fourth wire hole, the third wire hole and the fifth wire hole.
[0014] The piezoelectric box comprises a tank body, a vibrator fixing plate is arranged in the tank body, three vibrators are fixed to the vibrator fixing plate on different side surfaces of the vibrator fixing plate, and the three vibrators are an X- direction vibrator, a Y-direction vibrator and a Z-direction vibrator respectively;
[0015] each vibrator comprises a piezoelectric vibrator copper plate, two ceramic plates and two counterweights, wherein one end of the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate is fixed to the vibrator fixing plate, and the other end is suspended; the two ceramic plates are respectively fixed to two side surfaces of the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate, and one counterweight is fixed on each of the two side surfaces of the suspended end of the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate; each vibrator is provided with three welding spots, wherein a positive welding spot is set on each of the ceramic plates, and a negative welding spot is set on the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate; LU101496 the total voltage produced by the piezoelectric box is the sum of the total voltages of three vibrators; three routes are separated out from the positive and negative conducting wires of the main power of the piezoelectric box, namely the positive and negative conducting wires in the first route, the positive and negative conducting wires in the second route, and the positive and negative conducting wires in the third route.
[0016] A first wire outlet is formed in the side wall close to the top surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove, of the tank body; a second wire outlet is formed in the side wall close to the side surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove, of the tank body; a third wire outlet is formed in the side wall close to the bottom surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove, of the tank body; the positive and negative conducting wires in the first route are led out of the first wire outlet of the tank body; the positive and negative conducting wires in the second route are led out of the second wire outlet of the tank body; and the positive and negative conducting wires in the third route are led out of the third wire outlet of the tank body.
[0017] On the other hand, the invention provides a use method of the coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head, and the use method comprises the steps of mounting the coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head on the coal mining machine; and turning on the coal mining machine, wherein the pick assemblies cut the coal rocks and generate vibration in the process of coal mining by the coal mining machine, the piezoelectric box is vibrated to generate electric energy, and supplies power for the pressure sensor, the acoustic emission device and the wireless transmitter, the pressure sensor detects the instantaneous pressure when the picks impact the coal rocks and sends detected signals to the wireless transmitter, the acoustic emission device detects the vibration of the picks and the pick seat and sends the detected signals to the wireless transmitter, the wireless transmitter sends the received signals to the remote computer, the instantaneous pressure range of corresponding picks, the amplitude range of the picks and pick seats and the magnitude range of current and voltage generated by the piezoelectric box during cutting of coal rocks of different hardness grades are prestored in the remote computer, and the remote computer judges the hardness grade of coal rocks based on the received pressure signals, vibration signals and current and voltage signals generated by the piezoelectric box.
[0018] The coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head disclosed by the LU101496 invention can detect the hardness grades of the cut coal rocks in real time during cutting, and therefore, the cutting parameters of the coal mining machine can be timely adjusted according to the coal rock hardness grade detected in real time, so that 5 reasonable cutting parameters are used when the coal mining machine cuts the coal rocks of different hardness grades to avoid the phenomena that the picks are liable to fracture and the alloy head often falls off, which occur in the process of cutting because the hardness grades of the cut coal rocks cannot be known, the project progress is accelerated, the efficiency of coal mining is improved, and the construction cost in the process of mining is reduced.
[0019] Fig.1 is a structure diagram of the coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head of the invention;
[0020] Fig.2 is a mounting diagram of the pressure sensor and the piezoelectric box of the invention;
[0021] Fig.3 is a mounting diagram of the acoustic emission device of the invention;
[0022] Fig.4 is a diagram I of wire hole arrangement of the invention;
[0023] Fig.5 is a diagram II of wire hole arrangement of the invention;
[0024] Fig.6 is a structure diagram of the pressure sensor of the invention;
[0025] Fig.7 is a structure diagram of the acoustic emission device of the invention;
[0026] Fig.8 is a structure diagram of the piezoelectric box of the invention;
[0027] Fig.9 is a vibrator structure diagram of the piezoelectric box of the invention;
[0028] Fig.10 is a mounting diagram of the wireless transmitter of the invention;
[0029] Fig.11 is a coal mining diagram of the invention;
[0030] Fig.12 is a flow chart of the working principle of the invention.
[0031] Wherein,
[0032] 1 roller, 2 pick assemblies, 3 wireless transmitter, 4 pick, 5 pick seat, 6 pressure sensor, 7 acoustic emission device, 8 piezoelectric box, 9 pick mounting hole, 10 upper pick seat, 11 lower pick seat, 12 first end cover seat hole, 13 first end cover, 14 circlip groove, 15 circlip, 16 piezoelectric box mounting groove, 17 second end cover seat hole, 18 second end cover, 19 first wire hole, 20 second wire hole, 21 pressure sensor positive port, 22 pressure sensor negative port, 23 acoustic emission device mounting groove, 24 third end cover seat hole, 25 third end cover, 26 third wire hole, 27 fourth wire hole, 28 acoustic emission device positive port, 29 acoustic LU101496 emission device negative port, 30 fifth wire hole, 31 wireless transmitter positive port, 32 wireless transmitter negative port, 33 pressure sensor signal port, 34 wireless transmitter signal port, 35 acoustic emission device signal port, 36 tank body, 37 vibrator fixing plate, 38 X-direction vibrator, 39 Y-direction vibrator, 40 Z-direction vibrator, 41 piezoelectric vibrator copper plate, 42 ceramic plates, 43 counterweight, 44 positive welding point, 45 negative welding point, 46 first wire outlet, 47 second wire outlet, 48 third wire outlet, 49 coal mining machine, 50 coal wall.
[0033] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, as shown in Fig.l to Fig.11, the invention provides a coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head, and the coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head comprises a roller 1, a plurality of pick assemblies 2 arranged on the outer surface of the roller 1, and a wireless transmitter 3 fixed to the inner cavity of the roller 1, wherein
[0034] each pick assembly 2 comprises a pick 4, a pick seat 5, a pressure sensor 6, an acoustic emission device 7 and a piezoelectric box 8; the pick 4 is mounted in a pick mounting hole 9 of the pick seat 5, and the pressure sensor 6 is also mounted in the pick mounting hole 9 and is in close contact with the tail end of the pick 4; the pick seat 5 is also provided with a first mounting position and a second mounting position, the piezoelectric box 8 is mounted in the first mounting position, and the acoustic emission device 7 is mounted in the second mounting position; the piezoelectric box 8 is electrically connected with the pressure sensor 6 and the acoustic emission device 7 respectively, and the pressure sensor 6, the acoustic emission device 7 and the piezoelectric box 8 of each pick assembly 2 are electrically connected with the wireless transmitter 3; and the piezoelectric box 8 can supply power for the pressure sensor 6, the acoustic emission device 7 and the wireless transmitter 3.
[0035] In the invention, the pick seat 5 comprises an upper pick seat 10 and a lower pick seat 11, wherein the side wall of the upper pick seat 10 is fixedly connected with the top of the lower pick seat 11 at a certain angle; the pick mounting hole 9 is formed in the upper pick seat 10, and the first mounting position and the second mounting position are located on the side surface of the lower pick seat 11.
[0036] Specifically, the upper pick seat 10 is provided with the pick mounting hole 9, a first end cover seat hole 12 and a first end cover 13, wherein the diameter of the pick mounting hole 9 is smaller than that of the first end cover seat hole 12, and the tail end LU101496 of the pick mounting hole 9 communicates with the first end cover seat hole 12;
[0037] a circlip groove 14 is formed in the cylindrical section of the pick 4, a circlip 15sleeves the circlip groove 14, the cylindrical section of the pick 4 with a circlip 15 is mounted in the pick mounting hole 9, the circlip 15 can enable the pick 4 to be stably mounted in the pick mounting hole 9, the pressure sensor 6 is located at the tail end of the pick mounting hole 9 and is used to detect the instantaneous pressure when the pick 4 cuts the coal rocks, and the first end cover 13 is mounted in the first end cover seat hole 12 by bolts and is used to seal the pressure sensor 6 in the pick mounting hole 9.
[0038] In the invention, a piezoelectric box mounting groove 16, a second end cover seat hole 17 and a second end cover 18 are arranged on one side surface of the lower pick seat 11, the piezoelectric box mounting groove 16, the second end cover seat hole 17 and the second end cover 18 form the first mounting position, the piezoelectric box mounting groove 16 communicates with the second end cover seat hole 17, the piezoelectric box 8 is mounted in the piezoelectric box mounting groove 16, and the second end cover 18 is mounted in the second end cover seat hole 17 by bolts and is used to seal the piezoelectric box 8 in the piezoelectric box mounting groove 16;
[0039] and a first wire hole 19 is formed in the bottom of the first end cover seat hole 12, the first wire hole 19 communicates with the pick mounting hole 9, a second wire hole 20 is formed in the top surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove 16, the second wire hole 20 is communicated with the first wire hole 19, and the positive and negative conducting wires in the first route led out of the piezoelectric box 8 sequentially are connected with the positive port 21 and the negative port 22 of the pressure sensor 6 after penetrating through the second wire hole 20 and the first wire hole 19 to supply power for the pressure sensor 6.
[0040] Further, an acoustic emission device mounting groove 23, a third end cover seat hole 24 and a third end cover 25 are arranged on the other side surface of the lower pick seat 11, the acoustic emission device mounting groove 23, the third end cover seat hole 24 and the third end cover 25 form the second mounting position, the acoustic emission device mounting groove 23 communicates with the third end cover seat hole 24, the acoustic emission device 7 is mounted in the acoustic emission device mounting groove 23, the acoustic emission device 7 is used to detect the vibration generated by the picks 4 and the pick seats 5 when the cutting head is LU101496 cutting the coal rocks and can display the amplitude curves from a computer display screen in the mode of amplitude, and the third end cover 25 is mounted in the third end cover seat hole 24 by bolts and is used to seal the acoustic emission device 7 in the acoustic emission device mounting groove 23;
[0041] and a third wire hole 26 is formed in the side surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove 16, a fourth wire hole 27 is formed in the side surface of the acoustic emission device mounting groove 23, the third wire hole 26 communicates with the fourth wire hole 27, and the positive and negative conducting wires in the second route led out of the piezoelectric box 8 are connected with the positive port 28 and the negative port 29 of the acoustic emission device 7 after sequentially penetrating through the third wire hole 26 and the fourth wire hole 27 to supply power for the acoustic emission device 7.
[0042] Further, a fifth wire hole 30 is formed in the bottom surface of the pick seat 5 and communicates with the inner cavity of the roller 1, and the positive and negative conducting wires in the third route led out of the piezoelectric box 8 are connected with the positive port 31 and the negative port 32 of the wireless transmitter 3 through the fifth wire hole 30 to supply power for the wireless transmitter 3 and send an electric signal as a change signal to the wireless transmitter 3.
[0043] In the invention, the signal line led out of the signal port 33 of the pressure sensor 6 is sequentially connected with the signal port 34 of the wireless transmitter 3 through the first wire hole 19, the second wire hole 20 and the fifth wire hole 30 to send a detected pressure signal to the wireless transmitter 3; the signal line led out of the signal port 35 of the acoustic emission device 7 is sequentially connected with the signal port 34 of the wireless transmitter 3 through the fourth wire hole 27, the third wire hole 26 and the fifth wire hole 30 to send a detected vibration signal to the wireless transmitter 3.
[0044] In the invention, the piezoelectric box 8 comprises a tank body 36, a vibrator fixing plate 37 is arranged in the tank body 36, three vibrators are fixed on the vibrator fixing plate 37, the three vibrators are fixed to different side surfaces of the vibrator fixing plate 37, and the three vibrators are respectively a X-direction vibrator 38, a Y-direction vibrator 39 and a Z-direction vibrator 40;
[0045] each vibrator comprises a piezoelectric vibrator copper plate 41, two ceramic plates 42 and two counterweights 43, wherein one end of the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate 41 is fixed to the vibrator fixing plate 37, and the other end is suspended; LU101496 the two ceramic plates 42 are respectively fixed on two side surfaces of the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate 41, a counterweight 43 is fixed to each of the two side surfaces of the suspended end of the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate 41, each vibrator is provided with three welding points, a positive welding point 44 is arranged on each ceramic plate 42, a negative welding point 45 is arranged on the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate 41, and the total voltage generated by the piezoelectric box 8 is the sum of total voltages of the three vibrators. In the process of coal mining, the picks 4 are in contact with the coal rock wall and produce violent vibration. Since the piezoelectric box 8 is provided with the X-direction vibrator 38, the Y-direction vibrator 39 and the Z-direction vibrator 40, the three vibrators can sense the vibration in all directions. Since one end of the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate 41 of each vibrator is fixed to the vibrator fixing plate 37 and the other end is suspended in the air, all the three vibrators can change from a flat and straight state to a bent state under the action of the counterweights 43 and can form the amplitude of oscillation up and down, left and right, inside and outside with the flat and straight state as the center of oscillation. When the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate 41 is bent, ceramic plates 42 on two side surfaces of the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate 41 can bend, so that a voltage is generated between the positive electrode and the negative electrode. Since each vibrator has two positive welding points 44 and one negative welding point 45, a voltage can be generated between each positive electrode and each negative electrode, and the total voltage generated by each vibrator is the sum of the two voltages generated by the two ceramic plates 42 and the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate 41. The total voltages generated by the vibration of each vibrator are led out by own lead wires respectively and collected to obtain the total power voltage of the piezoelectric box 8. The positive and negative conducting wires of the main power of the piezoelectric box 8 are divided into three lines which are respectively: the positive and negative conducting wires in the first route which supply power for the pressure sensor 6, the positive and negative conducting wires in the second route which supply power for the acoustic emission device 7, and the positive and negative conducting wires in the third route which supply power for the wireless transmitter 3 and send an electric signal as a change signal to the wireless transmitter 3.
[0046] In the invention, a first wire outlet 46 is formed in a side wall close to the top surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove 16, of the tank body 36, a second wire outlet 47 is formed in a side wall close to the side surface of the piezoelectric box LU101496 mounting groove 16, of the tank body 36, a third wire outlet 48 is formed in a side wall close to the bottom surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove 16, of the tank body 36, and the positive and negative conducting wires in the first route are led out of the first wire outlet 46 of the tank body 36 and connected with the positive and negative ports of the pressure sensor 6 after sequentially penetrating through the second wire hole 20 and the first wire hole 19; the positive and negative conducting wires in the second route are led out of the second wire outlet 47 of the tank body 36 and connected with the positive and negative ports of the acoustic emission device 7 after sequentially penetrating through the third wire hole 26 and the fourth wire hole 27; and the positive and negative conducting wires in the third route are led out of the third wire outlet 48 of the tank body 36 and connected with the positive and negative ports of the wireless transmitter 3 through the fifth wire hole 30.
[0047] The use method of the coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head in the invention comprises the following steps of as shown in Fig.11 and Fig.12, mounting the coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head on the coal mining machine 49, and turning on the coal mining machine 49, wherein during coal mining and cutting of the coal wall 50 by the coal mining machine 49, the pick assemblies 2 cut the coal rocks and generate vibration, and the piezoelectric box 8 generates electric energy under the action of vibration and supplies power for the pressure sensor 6, the acoustic emission device 7 and the wireless transmitter 3. The pressure sensor 6 detects the instantaneous pressure when the picks 4 impact the coal rocks and sends a detected signal to the wireless transmitter 3. The acoustic emission device 7 detects the vibration of the picks 4 and the pick seats 5 and sends the : 25 detected signal to the wireless transmitter 3, and the wireless transmitter 3 sends the signal received from the plurality of pick assemblies 2 to the remote computer in real time through a radio receiver; corresponding parameter ranges namely the instantaneous pressure range of the picks 4, the amplitude range of the picks 4 and the pick seats 5 and the magnitude range of current and voltage generated by the piezoelectric box 8 during cutting of coal rocks of different hardness grades are prestored in the remote computer; the remote computer judges the hardness grade of coal rocks based on the received pressure signal, vibration signal, current and voltage change signals generated by the piezoelectric box 8 and the prestored parameter ranges by contrastive analysis. In the process of use, because the cutting head is in rotating movement, part of the pick assemblies 2 are in a non-cutting state. Therefore, LU101496 in the invention, the cutting head can be judged to be in the cutting state as long as 85% or above of the pick assemblies 2 are detected to have transmitted signals, and the hardness grades of cut coal rocks are judged according to the received signals and the signal parameter range prestored in the remote computer, wherein the instantaneous pressure range of the picks 4 prestored in the remote computer, the amplitude range of the picks 4 and the pick seats 5, the magnitude range of current and voltage generated by the piezoelectric box 8 prestored in the remote computer can be obtained by conducting cutting experiments in advance on the coal rocks of known coal rock hardness grades.
[0048] The coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head disclosed by the invention can detect the hardness grades of the cut coal rocks in real time during cutting, and therefore, the cutting parameters of the coal mining machine can be timely adjusted according to the coal rock hardness grade detected in real time, so that reasonable cutting parameters are used when the coal mining machine cuts the coal rocks of different hardness grades to avoid the phenomena that the picks are liable to fracture and the alloy head often falls off, which occur in the process of cutting because the hardness grades of the cut coal rocks cannot be known, the project progress is accelerated, the efficiency of coal mining is improved, and the construction cost in the process of mining is reduced. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the invention, and are not intended to limit the invention. Any modifications, equivalents, improvements, and the like, which are within the spirit and scope of the invention, should be included in the protection range of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head, characterized by comprising a roller, a plurality of pick assemblies arranged on the outer surface of the roller, and a wireless transmitter fixed in the inner cavity of the roller, wherein each pick assembly comprises a pick, a pick seat, a pressure sensor, an acoustic emission device and a piezoelectric box; the pick is mounted in a pick mounting hole of the pick seat, and the pressure sensor is also mounted in the pick mounting hole and is in close contact with the tail end of the pick; the pick seat is also provided with a first mounting position and a second mounting position, the piezoelectric box is mounted in the first mounting position, and the acoustic emission device is mounted in the second mounting position; the piezoelectric box is electrically connected with the pressure sensor and the acoustic emission device respectively, and the pressure sensor, the acoustic emission device and the piezoelectric box of each pick assembly are electrically connected with the wireless transmitter; and the piezoelectric box can supply power for the pressure sensor, the acoustic emission device and the wireless transmitter.
2. The coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head of claim 1, characterized in that the pick seat comprises an upper pick seat and a lower pick seat, and the side wall of the upper pick seat is fixedly connected with the top of the lower pick seat at a certain angle; the pick mounting hole is formed in the upper pick seat, and the first mounting position and the second mounting position are both located on the side surface of the lower pick seat.
3. The coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head of claim 2, characterized in that the upper pick seat is provided with a pick mounting hole, a first end cover seat hole and a first end cover, wherein the diameter of the pick mounting hole is smaller than that of the first end cover seat hole, and the tail end of the pick mounting hole communicates with the first end cover seat hole; and a circlip groove is formed in a cylindrical section of the pick, a circlip sleeves the circlip groove, the cylindrical section with the circlip, of the pick is mounted in the pick mounting hole, the pressure sensor is located at the tail end of the pick mounting hole, and the first end cover is mounted in the first end cover seat hole by bolts.
4. The coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head of claim 3, characterized in that a piezoelectric box mounting groove, a second end cover seat hole and a second end cover are arranged on one side surface of the lower pick seat,
the piezoelectric box mounting groove communicates with the second end cover seat LU101496 hole, the piezoelectric box is mounted in the piezoelectric box mounting groove, and the second end cover is mounted in the second end cover seat hole by bolts to seal the piezoelectric box in the piezoelectric box mounting groove; a first wire hole is formed in the bottom of the first end cover seat hole and communicates with the pick mounting hole, a second wire hole is formed in the top surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove and communicates with the first wire hole, and positive and negative conducting wires in the first route led out of the piezoelectric box are connected with the positive and negative ports of the pressure sensor by penetrating through the second wire hole and the first wire hole sequentially.
5. The coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head of claim 4, characterized in that an acoustic emission device mounting groove, a third end cover seat hole and a third end cover are arranged on the other side surface of the lower pick seat, the acoustic emission device mounting groove communicates with the third end IS cover seat hole, the acoustic emission device is mounted in the acoustic emission device mounting groove, and the third end cover is mounted in the third end cover seat hole by bolts to seal the acoustic emission device in the acoustic emission device mounting groove; a third wire hole is formed in the side surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove, a fourth wire hole is formed in the side surface of the acoustic emission device mounting groove, the third wire hole communicates with the fourth wire hole, and the positive and negative conducting wires in the second route led out of the piezoelectric box are connected with the positive and negative ports of the acoustic emission device by penetrating through the third wire hole and the fourth wire hole successively.
6. The coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head of claim 5, characterized in that a fifth wire hole is formed in the bottom surface of the pick seat and communicates with the inner cavity of the roller, and the positive and negative conducting wires in the third route led out of the piezoelectric box are connected with the positive and negative ports of the wireless transmitter through the fifth wire hole.
7. The coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head of claim 6, characterized in that a signal wire led out of a signal port of the pressure sensor is connected with the wireless transmitter sequentially through the first wire hole, the second wire hole and the fifth wire hole; and a signal wire led out of a signal port of the acoustic emission device is connected with the wireless transmitter sequentially LU101496 through the fourth wire hole, the third wire hole and the fifth wire hole.
8. The coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head of claim 6, characterized in that the piezoelectric box comprises a tank body, a vibrator fixing plate is arranged in the tank body, three vibrators are fixed to the vibrator fixing plate on different side surfaces of the vibrator fixing plate, and the three vibrators are an X- direction vibrator, a Y-direction vibrator and a Z-direction vibrator respectively; each vibrator comprises a piezoelectric vibrator copper plate, two ceramic plates and two counterweights, wherein one end of the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate is fixed to the vibrator fixing plate, and the other end is suspended; the two ceramic plates are respectively fixed to two side surfaces of the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate, and one counterweight is fixed on each of the two side surfaces of the suspended end of the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate; each vibrator is provided with three welding spots, wherein a positive welding spot is set on each of the ceramic plates, and a negative welding spot is set on the piezoelectric vibrator copper plate; the total voltage produced by the piezoelectric box is the sum of the total voltages of three vibrators; three routes are separated out from the positive and negative conducting wires of the main power of the piezoelectric box, namely the positive and negative conducting wires in the first route, the positive and negative conducting wires in the second route, and the positive and negative conducting wires in the third route.
9. The coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head of claim 8, characterized in that a first wire outlet is formed in the side wall close to the top surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove, of the tank body; a second wire outlet is formed in the side wall close to the side surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove, of the tank body; a third wire outlet is formed in the side wall close to the bottom surface of the piezoelectric box mounting groove, of the tank body; the positive and negative conducting wires in the first route are led out of the first wire outlet of the tank body; the positive and negative conducting wires in the second route are led out of the second wire outlet of the tank body; and the positive and negative conducting wires in the third route are led out of the third wire outlet of the tank body.
10. A use method of the coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head of claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of mounting the coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head on the coal mining machine; and turning on the coal mining machine, wherein the pick assemblies cut the coal rocks and generate vibration in the process of coal mining by the coal mining machine, the piezoelectric LU101496 box is vibrated to generate electric energy, and supplies power for the pressure sensor, the acoustic emission device and the wireless transmitter, the pressure sensor detects the instantaneous pressure when the picks impact the coal rocks and sends detected signals to the wireless transmitter, the acoustic emission device detects the vibration of the picks and the pick seat and sends the detected signals to the wireless transmitter, the wireless transmitter sends the received signals to the remote computer, the instantaneous pressure range of corresponding picks, the amplitude range of the picks and pick seats and the magnitude range of current and voltage generated by the piezoelectric box during cutting of coal rocks of different hardness grades are prestored in the remote computer, and the remote computer judges the hardness grade of coal rocks based on the received pressure signals, vibration signals and current and voltage signals generated by the piezoelectric box.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU101496A LU101496B1 (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head and use method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LU101496A LU101496B1 (en) | 2019-11-26 | 2019-11-26 | Coal rock hardness grade online recognition cutting head and use method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023061924A1 (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2023-04-20 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Machine chisel, retaining device, removing system and method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023061924A1 (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2023-04-20 | Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg | Machine chisel, retaining device, removing system and method |
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Effective date: 20210528 |