LT7140B - CARDBOARD PALLET AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of logistics, intended to facilitate the transportation and storage of goods. The upper plate of a cardboard pallet consists of a base plate and a multilayer corrugated cardboard sheet glued onto it. The base plate (1) is formed from corrugated cardboard strips (6) glued together, which are cut from a block of multilayer corrugated cardboard sheets (5). The cut strips are glued together on the sides so as to form the long edge of the pallet. The pallet has three lower support cardboard strips with glued hollow supports, or six lower support strips, between which hollow cardboard supports are glued and connected to the upper plate of the pallet by gluing. To produce a cardboard pallet, first, a block (5) is formed from multilayer corrugated cardboard sheets, from which strips (6) are cut so that the tops of the corrugations are perpendicular to the plane of the plate. A block of multi-layer corrugated cardboard sheets is produced by pressing perforated corrugated cardboard sheets, which are previously sprayed on both sides with hot glue and hot compressed air, after which the block is repeatedly treated with hot air and cut. The glued pallet is impregnated, bandaged into blocks and cured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The invention is intended for modern logistics operations, namely - loading transported cargo - in boxes, bags - onto a pallet, i.e. palletizing, strapping a loaded pallet, transporting the pallet to storage (by forklift, roller conveyors), storing a loaded pallet (can be multi-storey with cargo on the floor of the room), in racks without shelves, and can be used in various industries where pallets with cargo are loaded, transported, and stored for transportation by cars, railways, and sea containers.

Cardboard pallets are made from waste paper, i.e. paper and cardboard waste, which makes it possible to preserve high-quality wood, which is used to produce wooden certified export pallets, and to make meaningful use of paper and cardboard waste, while improving the ecology of the environment. Cardboard pallets, which have the necessary strength, i.e. load capacity up to 1500 kg, are suitable for all modern pallet logistics operations, they would replace the currently used wooden certified and polymer pallets.

STATE OF THE ART

Cardboard pallets of various designs are known for transporting goods. The known one (see US 7,905,183 B2 patent B65D 19/0022, published in 2008) has a top panel formed from a corrugated cardboard sheet, connected to nine cardboard supports formed by unfolding the corrugated cardboard sheet.

It is known (see EP 0772549B1, B65D 19/34, published in 1995) that it has an upper cardboard panel and three longitudinal supports made of unfolded cardboard tubes of a rectangular profile, filled with rolls of pressed cardboard tube.

The disadvantage of these pallets is that they are not suitable for the most important operations of modern pallet logistics with a load capacity of 1500 kg:

• for storage with cargo in wire-free racks;

• for transportation with cargo on roller conveyors.

The closest patent (see US 6,817,586B1, B65D 19/0026, published 2004/11/09) describes a cardboard pallet consisting of a support plate, nine cylindrical supports and three lower cardboard strips, on which three cylindrical supports are glued. The upper (support) plate is formed from two sheets of corrugated cardboard, which are spaced apart from each other by strips of corrugated cardboard, which are filled with honeycomb cardboard. Nine holes are formed in the honeycomb filler at the bottom of the upper plate for installing cardboard supports.

The supports are made by cutting a pressed cardboard tube. The supports have a locking cardboard ring that is glued to the bottom of the top plate, and the base is made of corrugated cardboard strips and is glued to the end surfaces of the supports.

Disadvantages of this cardboard pallet design:

- insufficient strength, which makes this cardboard pallet unsuitable for use in the most important modern pallet logistics operations, with a typical load capacity of up to 1500 kg:

• when stored with cargo in wire racks - the pallet bends and breaks;

• when transported with cargo on roller conveyors, the layers of the lower corrugated cardboard strips become loose and they break down;

- the adhesion of the transported products to the top plate is not ensured, especially big bags, which causes the cargo to slide on the top plate of the cardboard pallet;

- low compressive strength of the cardboard pallet tubular supports. The compressive strength of one cardboard support is (160 kg/cm ² );

- unsuitable for operation even in slightly humid environments.

A patent has been filed for a prototype of a cardboard pallet manufacturing method (see LT 5959B, B65D 19/00, published on 26/08/2013), in which pallet supports are manufactured by winding a corrugated cardboard strip onto a metal or other material mold, winding the strip onto the mold until the support reaches the required dimensions. When winding a double-layer corrugated cardboard strip, dotted glue lines are applied to its corrugated surface. When winding corrugated cardboard onto the mold, it is necessary to maintain a uniform strip stretching speed and tensile force. The formed support blank is cut into supports of the required length, which are glued to the upper and lower corrugated cardboard panels. The assembled pallet is heat-treated and then impregnated.

A disadvantage of this invention is that the curing of the adhesive in the support is long and is not suitable for rapid support production.

The purpose of the patented invention is to create a cardboard pallet with a higher load capacity (up to 2000 kg) and greater mechanical resistance, to increase its resistance to fork support damage, suitability for transportation by roller conveyors, resistance to moisture and atmospheric influences with the possibility of storing with cargo in refrigerators down to (-26 ^o C) and in humid environments up to (80% -90%) relative humidity.

ESSENCE OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is achieved by the fact that the main structural elements of the pallet are formed from strips cut from a multilayer corrugated cardboard block formed from sheets glued together and processed in the manner specified in this invention. The cardboard pallet has an upper plate, at least three lower strips and at least three cardboard supports on each lower strip, connected by glued joints with the upper plate and the lower strips. The pallet may have six lower strips, between which the supports are attached with glue, and the upper plate is glued onto such a formed base.

DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

Drawings are presented in Figure 1-13.

Fig. Isometric general view of a cardboard pallet with a smooth loading surface and three support strips (4). (Option A).

Fig. Isometric bottom view of a cardboard pallet with a smooth loading surface and three support strips (4).

Fig. Isometric general view of a cardboard pallet with a rough loading surface and three support strips (4).

Fig. Isometric bottom view of a cardboard pallet with a rough loading surface and three support strips (4).

Fig. Isometric view of the base top plate (1).

Fig. Isometric view of a fragment of a cardboard sheet (2) glued to a base plate (1).

Fig. Isometric view of the bottom support strip (4) of a cardboard pallet and view of fragment A.

Fig. Isometric view of the cardboard support (3) of the cardboard pallet.

Fig. Isometric view of a block of glued corrugated cardboard sheets (5).

Fig. Isometric view of a corrugated cardboard sheet (9).

Fig. Isometric general view of a cardboard pallet with a smooth loading surface and six support strips (4). (Option B) Fig. Isometric general view from below of a cardboard pallet with six support strips (4) and a smooth loading surface.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Cardboard pallet Variant A (Fig. 1) consists of a base support plate (1) to which the upper cover sheet (2) is glued, three lower support pallet strips (4) and nine supports (3) connected by glued joints to the upper plate and lower strips (4). Openings (7) are formed in the longitudinal plane of the pallet for transverse fork pallet handling and openings (8) for longitudinal pallet handling.

Cardboard pallet variant B (Fig. 11) consists of a base support plate (1) to which the upper cover sheet (2) is glued, six lower pallet strips (4) and nine supports (3) glued between the strips (4) to which the upper pallet plate is glued. Openings (7) are formed in the longitudinal plane of the pallet for transverse fork pallet handling and openings (8) for longitudinal pallet handling.

The top plate of the patented pallet is composite, consisting of a base plate (1), which is formed from mutually glued corrugated cardboard strips (6), which are cut from a block of glued sheets (5) and a multilayer (for example five-layer) corrugated cardboard sheet (2) glued onto this base plate (1), and the support strips (4) are also formed from cardboard strips (6), the width of which is equal to the width of the support (3). (Fig. 1) and (Fig. 12)

The supports (3) of the cardboard pallet are hollow (Fig. 8), formed by winding a two-layer corrugated cardboard strip on which the corrugated part has dotted adhesive tracks. The supports (3) are arranged along the long edge of the pallet, three on each lower strip (4) and are connected to the upper plate (1) and the lower strips (4) by gluing them together.

The corrugated cardboard sheet block (5) is formed from glued multilayer (for example five layers) perforated corrugated cardboard sheets (9). (Fig. 10)

Corrugated cardboard strips (6) are cut from the sheet block (5) so that the corrugation apex lines are perpendicular to the upper plane of the strip. (Fig. 7 A)

The strips of corrugated cardboard (6) are glued together at the sides so that they form the long edge of the base pallet plate (1), where the lines of the corrugation peaks are perpendicular to the upper pallet sheet (2), and the lower strips of the cardboard pallet (4) are glued from the same strips of corrugated cardboard (6), where the length of the strips (4) is equal to the length of the long edge of the pallet, and the width is equal to the width of the support (3).

The sides of the corrugated cardboard strips (6) are perforated with holes with a depth of 0.5 mm, a diameter of 1.0 mm and a perforation intensity of 6 holes per cm ² before they are glued.

Perforation increases the bonding strength of cardboard strips because the bond is formed both on the horizontal surfaces of the strips and thanks to the glue pins formed in the perforation holes.

Depending on the need, the surface of the top plate (2) of the tray (variant A) can be smooth or rough for increased surface adhesion.

To obtain a smooth surface of the cardboard pallet, a multilayer (for example, five-layer corrugated cardboard sheet (2) with a perforated surface is glued to the upper surface of the base plate (1), and cardboard supports (3) are glued to the lower surface of the base plate, and to obtain a rough surface, a cardboard sheet (2) with a perforated surface is glued to the lower surface of the base plate (1) and the sheet (2) is additionally perforated at the places where the supports (3) are glued. (Fig. 1 and Fig. 3)

For pallet identification, an electronic identification element (10) is installed in the middle of its edge. (Fig. 1)

Description of the proposed pallet production method: The following raw materials are required for the proposed pallet production method: waste paper for smooth and corrugated corrugated cardboard layers, from which two-layer and five-layer corrugated cardboards are produced. Two-layer corrugated cardboard is supplied in the form of rolls for the production of cardboard pallets. Five-layer corrugated cardboard is supplied in the form of stacks of cardboard sheets for the production of cardboard pallets.

Five-layer corrugated cardboard sheets are provided with dimensions of (1200x800x7.2) mm and (1200x1000x7.2) mm.

In the production of cardboard pallets, moisture-resistant glues for gluing cardboard and wood are used (for example, the Swedish concern AkzoNobel's E-803 brand glue). Fast-setting glues are used to secure the top layer of the cardboard support strip.

The main distinguishing feature of this pallet, which determines the technical properties of the pallet, is that the pallet base plate (1) and the lower pallet strips (4) are made from a specially formed block of corrugated cardboard sheets (5), and the method of joining the strips (6) cut from it, which is set out in this method description.

The pallet manufacturing method is implemented in the following sequence:

First, a block of corrugated sheets (5) is produced, which is formed from multilayer corrugated cardboard sheets, the surfaces of which are perforated before gluing, then the glued sides of the sheets are blown with hot compressed air and sprayed with heated glue, then the glued block of sheets (5) is compressed and repeatedly blown with hot compressed air.

The sheet block (5) is formed optionally, for example from 14 pcs. five-layer corrugated cardboard sheets, the surface of which is perforated with holes with a depth of 0.5 mm, a diameter of 1.0 mm, a perforation intensity of 6 holes cm ² , the glued sides of the sheets are blown with hot air (90-110 ^o C) compressed to (1-3) bars and, using a pressure of 200 bars, sprayed with glue heated to (90-95 ^o C) to form an 80 micrometer glue layer and the glued sheet block (5) is pressed with a weight of 500 kg for 20-30 seconds and blown again for 4-5 minutes with hot air (90-110 ^o C) compressed to (1-3) bars.

After that, the block of sheets (5) is cut into strips (6) so that the tops of the corrugated cardboard are perpendicular to the plane of the strips (6).

The upper base plate (1) of the pallet and the lower pallet strips (4) are made by gluing together the sides of corrugated cardboard strips (6), which are perforated and blown with hot air before gluing.

The sides of the corrugated cardboard strips (6) are perforated with holes with a depth of 0.5 mm, a hole diameter of up to 1.0 mm, a perforation intensity of 6 holes per cm2 and are blown with hot air (95-110 ^o C) compressed to 1-3 bar before gluing.

The base plate (1) is formed optionally from eight or ten cardboard strips (6) by gluing them together on their sides in a single line forming the long edge of the base plate (1).

When producing cardboard pallets with a loading plane dimension of (1200x800) mm, eight cardboard strips (6) are used. Cardboard pallets with a loading plane dimension of (1200x1000) mm are produced using ten cardboard strips (6).

The top plate of the tray is formed by gluing a perforated sheet (2) to the base plate (1).

Before gluing, the sheet (2) is blown with hot (95-110 ^o C) air compressed to (1-3) bars, and is coated with an 80 micrometer (90-95 ^o C) layer of glue by spraying the glue at a pressure of 200 bars, after which the sheet (2) is placed on the base plate (1) and pressed with a 50 kg weight for 15-30 seconds.

The pallet supports (3) are made by winding a two-layer corrugated cardboard strip onto a rotating steel rod, the cross-section of which corresponds to the shape of the cardboard support hole. During the winding, glue heated to 90 ^o C is applied to the strip, forming a 30 mm long glue track with a 40 mm step between these tracks, the resulting workpiece is blown along the corrugation lines with hot air (90-110 ^o C) compressed to (2-4) bars, maintaining the strip tension speed within 0.2-0.5 m/s, and the strip tension force at 3 kg.

After that, the workpiece is cut into supports of the desired dimensions, which are repeatedly blown with hot (95-110 ^o C) compressed air up to 1-3 bar. Blowing time 8-10 minutes.

When assembling the pallet itself, the ends of the supports (3) are immersed in a 95 ^o C glue bath, then placed on the lower pallet strips (4) and pressed with a 50 kg weight. In the same way, the upper base plate (1) is placed on the ends of the other glue-impregnated supports (3) and pressed with a 50 kg weight. (variant A)

The three lower support strips (4) with glued supports (3) are rotated by a manipulator at an angle of 180 ^o and the ends of the supports (3) are immersed in a bath of hot glue to a depth of 3 mm, after which the cardboard supports with the ends covered with glue are placed on the upper support jousts (4) and pressed for 20 seconds with a weight of 50 kg. The glued areas are blown with compressed air (95-110 ^o C) at (1-3) bars for 2 minutes. (variant B)

The lower part of the upper plate (1) is perforated at the gluing points, blown with hot (95-110 ^o C) compressed (1-3) bar air, sprayed with 200 bar 95 ^o C glue and placed on the upper support strips (6) sprayed with glue, pressed with a weight of 100 kg for 20 seconds. (variant B)

After gluing, the assembled pallet is treated with hot (95-110 ^o C) air compressed to (1-3) bars for 2-3 minutes, then sprayed with a 95 ^o C glue layer at a pressure of 200 bars, forming high kinetic energy (10-20) micrometer glue droplets that penetrate the cardboard surface.

The curing of the adhesive layer of the treated tray is carried out by blowing hot (95-110 ^o C) compressed air at 0.25 bar for 4-5 minutes.

The assembled pallet is laminated by spraying an 80-100 micrometer thick layer of moisture-resistant adhesive for gluing cardboard and wood.

After lamination, the pallets are bandaged (wrapped) into blocks of 25 pallets, which contributes to faster maturation of the glued joints.

The proposed pallet manufacturing method is illustrated by a specific example. For the manufacture of the pallet, waste paper two-layer corrugated cardboard in rolls (for the manufacture of supports) is used, the specific gravity of which is > 0.3 kg/m ² and five-layer corrugated cardboard sheets with dimensions of (1200x800x7.2) mm and (1200x1000x7.2) mm. and with a specific gravity of > 0.981 kg/m ² . Cardboard supports are formed from a two-layer corrugated cardboard roll. The blank is formed on the surface of the rolled two-layer corrugated cardboard by applying glue tracks 30 mm long with a pitch of 40 mm. Such glue application is necessary for better adhesion of the manufactured cardboard support, aging the blank by blowing (90-110 ^o C) with compressed air up to (2-4) bars for 9 min. The workpiece is cut into 80 mm high supports with dimensions (200x100x80) mm. The compressive strength of each support is obtained as 2100 kg.

The sheet block (5) is formed from 14 five-layer corrugated cardboard sheets (1200x1000x7.20) mm. Such a stack of sheets is fed by a conveyor to a stack-controlled step positioning station, from which the positioned cardboard sheet is fed by a manipulator to a sheet perforation station. There, the sheet is perforated with holes with a depth of 0.5 mm and a diameter of 1.0 mm, with a perforation intensity of 6 holes cm2.

The perforated surfaces of the sheets are coated with glue heated to 95 ^o C by spraying at a pressure of 200 bar, which forms an 80 micrometer glue layer. Such thermal treatment and gluing guarantees the absorption of droplets with a diameter of 10-20 micrometers into the cardboard surface. A block (5) is formed from the cardboard sheets prepared for gluing, which is pressed for 20 seconds with a weight of 500 kg, then blown along the tops of the corrugated cardboard (95-110 ^o C) for 4 minutes with compressed (1-3) bar air.

The formed block (5) is cut into strips (6) with dimensions (1200x100x40) mm, so that the lines of the corrugation peaks are perpendicular to the plane of the strips. In order to increase the load capacity of the pallet, the height of the strips (6) is increased from 40 to 60 mm, i.e. the dimensions of the strip (6) are obtained (1200x100x60). The strips (6) cut in this way are blown with hot air for 2 minutes and are suitable for gluing with cardboard supports (3).

Gluing is carried out: using a manipulator, all nine supports arranged in a pallet format and immersed to a depth of 3 mm in a 90 ^o C glue bath, then placed on the lower strips (4) arranged in a pallet format and pressed for 20 seconds with a 50 kg weight. The glued areas are blown with compressed air (95-110 ^o C) at (1-3) bar for 2 minutes.

The surfaces to be glued are porous, well filled with glue, which ensures a rigid monolithic structure, characterized by high resistance due to the formed adhesion with both the horizontal glue layer and the glue pins between the two porous surfaces. The purpose of heat treatment is to ripen the glue in the support up to 70%. (variant A)

When manufacturing a pallet with increased strength with six lower support strips (4) (variant B), three lower and three upper support strips (4) are glued in pairs between three cardboard supports (3). The three lower support strips (4) with glued supports (3) are rotated by a manipulator at an angle of 180 ^o and the ends of the supports (3) are immersed in a bath of hot glue to a depth of 3 mm, after which the cardboard supports (3) with the ends covered with glue are placed on the upper support strips (4) and pressed for 20 seconds with a weight of 50 kg. The glued areas are blown with compressed air (95-110 ^o C) at (1-3) bars for 2 minutes. The top panel is glued as follows: the lower part of the top panel (1) is perforated at the gluing points, blown with hot (95-110 ^o C) compressed (13) bar air, sprayed with 200 bar 95 ^o C glue and placed on the glue-sprayed top support strips (6), pressed with a 100 kg weight for 20 seconds.

The base plate (1) is formed from strips (6) with dimensions (1200x100x40) mm, i.e. the same as the lower cardboard strips (4). To produce a pallet with dimensions (1200x800x167) mm, 8 strips (6) are glued on the sides, and 10 strips if the pallet dimensions are (1200x1000x1670) mm, 10 strips (6) are glued on the sides. Before gluing, the sides of the corrugated cardboard strips (6) are perforated with holes with a depth of 0.5 mm, a hole diameter of up to 1.0 mm, a perforation intensity of 6 holes cm ² and before gluing, they are blown with hot air (95-110 ^o C) compressed to 1-3 bar. The strips (6) glued in this way form the long side of the base plate (1).

Before gluing onto the base plate (1), the sheet (2) is blown with hot (95-110 ^o C) air compressed to (1-3) bars, and is coated with an 80 micrometer (90-95 ^o C) layer of glue by spraying the glue at a pressure of 200 bars, after which the sheet (2) is placed onto the base plate (1) and pressed with a 50 kg weight for 15-30 seconds and blown again for 2 minutes with (95-110 ^o C) air compressed to (1-3) bars.

The cardboard pallet is assembled to the top plate by gluing cardboard supports with three lower support strips (4) arranged in the pallet format (variant A) or by gluing a formed frame of six support strips with supports (variant B). In this way, the lower strips with glued supports are lowered into a (90-95 ^o C) glue bath, immersing the ends of the supports (3) to a depth of 3 mm, then the supports are placed on the base plate (1) and pressed with a 50 kg weight for 20 seconds. The glued areas are blown with (95-110 ^o C) compressed air up to (1-3) bars.

The assembled pallet is identified, an electronic identification element (10) is installed in the support and the pallet is ready for lamination. Lamination is performed with moisture-resistant cardboard and wood glue (for example, Swedish Concern “AkzoNyobel” brand E-803) by pre-treating the pallet (95-110 ^o C) with compressed air up to (1-3) bar for 2 minutes, then the pallet is coated with a layer of glue (95 ^o C) at a pressure of 200 bar, thus forming a moisture-resistant adhesive layer 80-100 micrometers thick. To mature the adhesive layer, the pallet is blown with air at (95-110 ^o C) for 4 minutes with 0.25 bar. Laminated pallets are bandaged into blocks of 25 pallets after lamination. The final maturation of glued joints in cardboard pallets is carried out during the positioning of cardboard pallet blocks in rack storage. The ripening period is 48 hours, maintaining a temperature of +22 ^o C.

Table 1 presents the comparative advantages of the patented invention compared to the prototype. The supports are presented with dimensions (200x100x80) mm

Table1

No. Indicators Prototype Offered pallet 1 Load capacity Up to 500 kg Up to 1500 kg 2 Suitability for storage with cargo in free-standing racks not suitable suitable 3 Transportation with cargo by roller conveyors not suitable suitable 4 Resistance to branch damage to supports none is 5 Suitable for use in environments with relative humidity up to 80% not suitable suitable 6 Compressive strength of the support 160 kg 2100 kg 7 Multi-storey storage on the floor of the premises impossible possible

The new cardboard pallet design supports both medium and heavy loads. Pallet tests have confirmed the strength, load capacity and resistance to atmospheric influences of these products.

Compared to the prototype, the totality of the structural elements of the proposed pallet gives the pallet the following advantages:

• Suitability for storage with cargo in racking without shelves.

• The pallet can carry up to 2000 kg.

• Suitability for transportation with load on roller conveyors.

• Resistance to branch damage.

• Multi-storey storage with cargo on the floor of the room.

• Rack storage with cargo in refrigerated terminals down to (-26 ^o C).

• Suitability for operation in environments with relative humidity up to 80%.

• The frame structure of the cardboard pallet is adapted for fork-lift handling of the pallet along both the long and short edges of the pallet.

• Recyclability.

In summary, we can state that the pallet of the claimed design and manufactured in the claimed method is characterized by greater strength and at the same time load capacity, meets the requirements of modern logistics, including palletizing with cargo in wire-free racks and robotic palletizing with cargo up to 2000 kg, which expands the functional capabilities of known pallets. The waste cardboard used and the glue for gluing the cardboard are suitable for waste paper recycling.

Claims (29)

DEFINITION OF THE INVENTION 1. A cardboard pallet having a top plate, at least three bottom support strips and nine cardboard supports, glued to the top plate and bottom strips, characterized in that the top plate of the pallet is composite, consisting of a base plate (1), which is formed from glued corrugated cardboard strips (6) cut from a multilayer sheet (block (5) and a multilayer corrugated cardboard sheet (2) glued to this base plate (1), and the support strips (4) are also formed from cardboard strips (6), the width of which is equal to the width of the support (3) and openings (7) for transverse fork pallet pickup and openings (8) for longitudinal pallet pickup are formed in the longitudinal plane of the pallet. 2. A cardboard pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper pallet panel is connected by glue to nine supports (3), glued to the lower three support strips (4), on which supports (3) are arranged three supports on each strip (4). 3. A cardboard pallet according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper pallet panel is connected by glue to nine supports (3), glued between the six lower pallet strips (4), on which supports (3) are arranged three supports on each lower strip (4). 4. The cardboard pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the nine supports (3) of the pallet are hollow, formed by winding a two-layer corrugated cardboard strip on which corrugated part has dotted adhesive tracks, the supports (3) are arranged along the long edge of the pallet, three on each lower support strip (4) and are connected to the upper plate (1) and the lower strips (4) by gluing them. 5. A cardboard pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the block of corrugated cardboard sheets (5) is formed from glued multilayer perforated corrugated cardboard sheets (9). 6. A cardboard pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the corrugated cardboard strips (6) are cut from the sheet block (5) in such a way that the corrugation apex lines are perpendicular to the upper plane of the strip (6). 7. The cardboard pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the corrugated cardboard strips (6) are glued together at the sides so as to form the long edge of the pallet base plate (1), where the corrugation apex lines are perpendicular to the upper pallet sheet (2), and the lower cardboard pallet strips (4) are formed from the same corrugated cardboard strips (6), where the length of the strips (4) is equal to the length of the long edge of the pallet, and the width is equal to the width of the support (3). 8. A cardboard pallet according to claim 5, characterized in that the sides of the corrugated cardboard strips (6) are perforated with holes with a depth of 0.5 mm, a diameter of 1.0 mm and a perforation intensity of 6 holes per cm ² . 9. The cardboard pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the corrugated cardboard sheet (2) is glued with a perforated surface to the upper surface of the base plate (1). 10. The cardboard pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the cardboard sheet (2) with its perforated surface is glued to the lower surface of the base plate (1) and the sheet (2) is additionally perforated at the places where the supports (3) are glued. 11. The cardboard pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that an electronic identification element (10) is installed in the middle of the pallet support (3). 12. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet comprising forming a blank of hollow supports by winding a corrugated cardboard strip onto a selected form, cutting the blank into supports and gluing the prepared supports between the upper and lower plates, heat treating and impregnating the assembled pallet, characterized in that the upper base plate (1) of the pallet and the lower pallet strips (4) are made of cardboard strips (6) cut from a cardboard sheet block (5) by gluing them together with their sides, which are perforated and blown with hot air before gluing. 13. A method for producing a cardboard pallet according to claim 12, characterized in that the cardboard sheet block (5) is formed from multilayer corrugated cardboard sheets (10), the surface of which is perforated before gluing, after which the glued sides of the sheets are blown with hot compressed air and sprayed with heated glue, then the glued sheet block (5) is compressed and repeatedly blown with hot compressed air. 14. A method for producing a cardboard pallet according to claim 13, characterized in that the sheet block is formed selectively, for example from 14 five-layer corrugated cardboard sheets, the surface of which is perforated with holes with a depth of 0.5 mm, a diameter of 1.0 mm, a perforation intensity of 6 holes cm ² , the glued sides of the sheets are blown with hot air at 90-110 ^o C compressed to 1-3 bar for 2-3 minutes and, using a pressure of 200 bars, are sprayed with glue heated to 90-95 ^o C, forming an 80 micrometer glue layer and the glued sheet block (5) is pressed with a weight of 500 kg for 20-30 seconds and blown again with hot air at 90-110 ^o C compressed to 1-3 bar for 4-5 minutes. 15. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 12, characterized in that moisture-resistant, liquid glues for gluing cardboard and wood are used for gluing. 16. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 12, characterized in that the block of sheets (5) is cut into strips (6) so that the tops of the corrugated cardboard are perpendicular to the plane of the strips (6). 17. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 12, characterized in that the base plate (1) and the lower pallet strips (4) are made of cardboard strips (6) by gluing them together with their sides, which are perforated and blown with hot air before gluing. 18. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 17, characterized in that the sides of the corrugated cardboard strips (6) are perforated with holes with a depth of 0.5 mm, a hole diameter of up to 1.0 mm, a perforation intensity of 6 holes per cm2 and, before gluing, are blown with hot air at 95-110 ^o C compressed to 1-3 bar for 2-3 minutes. 19. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 12, characterized in that the base plate (1) of the pallet is formed optionally from eight or ten cardboard strips (6) by gluing them together on the sides into one line forming the long edge of the base plate (1). 20. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 12, characterized in that the upper pallet plate is formed by gluing a perforated sheet (2) to a base plate (1). 21. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 20, characterized in that the perforated sheet (2) is blown with hot air at 95-110 ^o C compressed to 1-3 bar, and is coated with an 80 micrometer layer of 90-95 ^o C glue by spraying the glue at a pressure of 200 bar, after which the sheet (2) is placed on the base plate (1) and pressed with a weight of 50 kg for 15-30 seconds. 22. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 12, characterized in that the pallet supports (3) are manufactured by winding a strip of a two-layer corrugated cardboard roll onto a rotating steel rod, the cross-section of which corresponds to the shape of the hole in the cardboard support, and while winding the latter strip, glue heated to 90 ^o C is applied to it, forming a 30 mm long glue track with a 40 mm pitch between these tracks, the resulting workpiece is blown along the corrugation lines with hot air at 90-110 ^o C compressed to 2-4 bar, maintaining the strip tension speed within the range of 0.2-0.5 m/s, and the strip tension force at 3 kg. 23. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 22, characterized in that the support blank is cut into supports of desired dimensions, which are repeatedly blown with hot air at 95-110 ^o C and compressed to 1-3 bar for 8-10 minutes. 24. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 12, characterized in that, when assembling the pallet, the ends of the supports (3) are immersed in a 95 ^o C glue bath, then placed on the lower pallet strips (4) and pressed with a 50 kg weight, and the upper base plate (1) is placed on the ends of the other glue-impregnated supports (3) and pressed with a 50 kg weight for 15-30 seconds. 25. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 12, characterized in that the three lower support strips (4) with glued supports (3) are rotated by a manipulator at an angle of 1800 and the ends of the supports (3) are immersed in a bath of hot glue to a depth of 3 mm, after which the cardboard supports with the ends coated with glue are placed on the upper 4 support strips (4) and pressed for 20 seconds with a weight of 50 kg, the glued areas are blown for 2 minutes with compressed air at 95-110 ^o C (1-3) bars. 26. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 25, characterized in that the lower part of the upper panel (1) is perforated at the gluing points, blown with hot 95-110 ^o C compressed air at 1-3 bar, sprayed with 200 bar 95 ^o C glue and placed on the upper support strips (6) sprayed with glue for 20 seconds and pressed with a weight of 100 kg. 27. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 12, characterized in that the glued pallet is treated with hot air of 95-110 ^o C compressed to 13 bar for 2-3 minutes, then sprayed with a layer of 95 ^o C glue at a pressure of 200 bar, forming high kinetic energy 10-20 micrometer glue droplets that penetrate the cardboard surface. 28. A method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 12, characterized in that the assembled pallet is laminated by spraying an 80-100 micrometer thick layer of moisture-resistant adhesive for gluing cardboard and wood and curing for 3-4 minutes by blowing hot 95-110 ^o C compressed air at 0.25 bar. 29. The method of manufacturing a cardboard pallet according to claim 12, characterized in that after lamination, the pallets are bundled into blocks of 25 pallets, where the final maturation of the glued joints takes place for 120 hours.