LT6287B - Thermas insulating building elemnt and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to construction area, building constructions, precisely, thermal insulating building elements and their production methods. Aim of the invention – improve performance properties and reduce prime cost.Thermal insulating building element which is a board combining expanded polystyrene and binder, having places which are water vapour transmitted. There are installed holes in the expanded polystyrene board which are filled with thermal insulating aggregate and binder, where the binder is porous.In the production method of thermal insulating building element where the board having expanded polystyrene and binder as well as places which are water vapour transmitted is produced. The holes in the expanded polystyrene are installed and their occupied area ratio to the total area is 0.2 - 0.5, and they are evenly distributed on the surface of the board. The holes are filled with thermal insulating aggregate and binder, where the binder is porous, and volume ratio of thermal insulating aggregate and porous binder in the holes is 0.06-0.1.

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction, more specifically to construction constructions, namely to heat-insulating building elements and their production methods, where both thermal resistance and water vapor permeability requirements are raised.

There is a known heat insulating building element comprising a plate of polystyrene foam (see Ivan Gnip, Saulius Vaitkus, Sigitas Vejelis, Vladislav Keršulis. Polystyrene Foam: Physical and Mechanical Properties Assessment. Vilnius: "Technique" 2014, ISBN 9786094574771, p. 9). ).

Also known is a heat insulating building element comprising a plate containing polystyrene foam and a binder containing water vapor permeable sites, wherein the polystyrene foam is in the form of granules and the binder is a polymeric hydrophobic binder (see Swedish Patent No. SE534663, pub. 2011 -08-06). This known heat insulating building element has insufficient thermal insulation properties because water vapor permeability points are air gaps between polystyrene foam granules and therefore the element is conductive not only for water vapor but also for water and air flows. Using a prototype, for example For the insulation of partitions, an additional element to protect against direct exposure to water and air should be used. In addition, the prototype contains a hydrophobized binder that only protects the pellets from external influences. The hydrophobized binder connects the granules to the plate-shaped element, leaving a void between the polystyrene foam beads in contact. There is no need for a heat-insulating element that communicates with each other because it increases the value of the element's thermal conductivity and at the same time reduces the efficiency of the elements. In addition to these factors, the use of a hydrophobized binder in the total cell volume increases its cost. The object of the invention is to improve the performance of building elements and to reduce their cost.

There is a known method of manufacturing a heat-insulating building element by which the polystyrene foam beads are joined together by pressing (see Ivan Gnip, Saulius Vaitkus, Sigitas Vejelis, Vladislovas Keršulis. Polystyrene Foam: Physical and Mechanical Properties Assessment. Vilnius: "Technique" 2014, ISBN 9786094574771, p. 9).

There is also a known method of producing a heat insulating building element, which forms a plate having water vapor permeable surfaces, mixed with polystyrene foam granules with a hydrophobized binder and compressed (see Swedish Patent No. SE534663, pub. 2011-08-06). The element produced in this way does not have good performance. The object of the invention is to improve the performance of the heat insulating building elements thus produced, as well as to reduce the cost. This object is achieved by the fact that a heat insulating building element comprising a plate containing polystyrene foam and a binder containing water vapor permeable portions is provided with holes in the polystyrene foam plate filled with a thermo-insulating filler, wherein the binder is a porous binder.

The aim is also achieved by the fact that the volume ratio of the thermo-insulating filler and the porous binder in the holes is 0.06-0.1, and that the thermo-insulating filler is optionally a blown glass granule, polystyrene foam granule or polyreatane crumb, or a mixture thereof optionally wherein particle size is 2-20 mm.

The goal is also achieved by the fact that the ratio of the area occupied by the holes to the total area is 0.2-0.5 and is evenly distributed on the surface of the plate.

Also, pre-made inserts of thermo-insulating filler and porous binder sizes are inserted into the holes, the size of which corresponds to the size of the holes.

The objective is achieved by the construction of holes in the polystyrene foam plate having a ratio of area of 0.2-0 to the total area of the polystyrene foam board according to the method of manufacturing the heat-insulating building element in which the plate containing the polystyrene foam and the binder containing water vapor permeable is formed. , 5 and are evenly distributed on the surface of the plate, filled with heat-insulating filler with a binder, where the binder is a porous binder, and the volume ratio of the thermo-insulating filler and the porous binder in the holes is 0.06-0.1.

Also, the thermo-insulating filler and the porous binder produce liners with a thermo-insulating filler and porous binder volume ratio of 0.06 to 0.1, where the size of the liners corresponds to the size of the holes and inserts them into the holes. In the invention, the water vapor passes through a porous binder, which is filled with all the gaps between the granules, thereby giving the property of water vapor permeability to the entire building element which would otherwise be poorly or completely impermeable to water vapor. The invention is further illustrated by the drawings, in which: Fig. 1 is a front view of a heat insulating building element with a break, Fig. 2 is a top view of a heat insulating building element. The heat-insulating building element includes a polystyrene foam plate 1, which is provided with evenly distributed holes 2.

The optimal parameters of the heat insulating building element and its production method are determined by experiments. An example of a heat insulating building element

The ratio of the area occupied by the holes 2 in the polystyrene foam plate 1 to the total area is 0.5. The holes 2 are filled with thermo-insulating filler - polystyrene foam granules of 2-20 mm size and binder - porous concrete. The ratio of polystyrene foam granules to porous concrete volumes in holes 2 is 0.06. 2 heat insulating building element oavvzdvs This element is analogous to the element shown in Example 1, only the ratio of the area occupied by the holes 2 of the polystyrene foam board 1 to the total area is 0.2. The holes 2 include pre-assembled inserts corresponding to the size of the holes 2 from the thermo-insulating filler - polystyrene foam granules and the porous concrete porous concrete, where the ratio of the polystyrene foam granules to the porous concrete volumes is 0.06. An example of a method of manufacturing a heat insulating building element

The polystyrene foam board 1 is drilled with holes 2 having an area of 0.5 with respect to the total area and evenly distributed on the surface of the plate 1. The holes 2 are filled with thermo-insulating filler - polystyrene foam granules with a binder - porous concrete, and the ratio of thermo-insulating filler to porous binder volumes in the holes is 0.06. An example of a method of manufacturing a heat insulating building element

The polystyrene foam board is drilled with holes 2 having an area of 0.2 with a total area and evenly distributed over the surface of the plate. Pre-fabricates liners of thermo-insulating filler - polystyrene foam granules and porous binder - porous concrete, where the thermal insulation filler and porous binder volumes are 0.06. In the present invention, water vapor passes through a porous binder, which is filled with all the gaps between the granules, thereby giving the property of water vapor permeability to the entire building element, which would otherwise be poorly or completely impermeable to water vapor. The physical and mechanical characteristics of the heat insulating building element are given in Table 1. Table 1

μ * is the relative water vapor resistance factor

Tests were performed according to μ standard EN 12667 or EN 12939. □ ** - heat conductivity

Tests carried out in accordance with EN 12086 standard. The thermal insulating element and its production method have good performance and reduced cost. Thermal insulating building elements can be used for insulation of building envelopes both outdoors and on the inside of buildings.

Claims (7)

DEFINITION DEFINITION A heat insulating building element comprising a plate containing polystyrene foam and a binder containing water vapor permeable sites, characterized in that the polystyrene foam board is provided with holes filled with a thermal insulating filler with a binder, wherein the binder is a porous binder. A heat insulating building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume ratio of the thermo-insulating filler to the porous binder in the holes is 0.06-0.1. A heat insulating building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermo-insulating filler is optionally a blown glass granule, polystyrene foam granule or polyreatane crumb, or a mixture thereof optionally having a particle size of 2-20 mm. Thermal insulating building element according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratio of the area occupied by the holes to the total area is 0.2-0.5 and is evenly distributed on the surface of the plate. A heat insulating building element according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that pre-fabricated liners are inserted into the holes from the thermo-insulating filler and the porous binder, the size of which corresponds to the size of the holes. A method of manufacturing a heat-insulating building element comprising forming a plate containing polystyrene foam and a binder containing water vapor permeable sites, characterized in that the polystyrene foam board is provided with holes having a surface area of 0.2-0, 5 and are evenly distributed on the surface of the plate, the holes are filled with a thermal insulator with a binder, wherein the binder is a porous binder, and the volume ratio of the thermo-insulating filler and the porous binder in the holes is 0.06-0.1. 7. The method according to claim 6, wherein the thermo-insulating filler and the porous binder produce liners with a volume ratio of 0.06-0.1 of the thermo-insulating filler and porous binder, wherein the size of the liners corresponds to the size of the holes and is inserted into the holes.