LT4924B - The fiber composition and methods - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to building materials industry and ecology. The product of invention is for use in the industry of waste materials recycling, in building and in agriculture. The material claimed consists at least three layers: a carrying layer, protective cover which covers at least one side of a carrying layer, and a transitional layer, and a carrying with a protective cover penetrates into each other.

Description

MATERIAL-FIBER COMPOSITION AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHODS

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the production of fibrous materials for use in the secondary raw materials processing industry, as well as in construction, household and industrial products, and agriculture.

In the secondary raw materials industry, the goal is to maximize the recycling of secondary raw materials that can end up in landfills and disappear permanently.

To recycle secondary raw materials, they must first be separated from the total waste mass and grouped according to their respective properties. Separated and grouped secondary raw materials are usually recycled {products with new properties and new applications than the original products, due to technology and exploitation used during processing.

One example is the use of paper or cardboard packaging containers with at least one side covered with a layer of thermoplastic material. An additional layer of aluminum foil may be included. Such containers are crushed to expose the inner fibers of the paper and mixed with thermoplastic resin. A composite is obtained in which the thermoplastic resin is reinforced with polymer coated paper.

(PATENT NO. 4779, LT). The manufacture of a composite in which thermoplastic resin is reinforced with polymer-coated paper requires sophisticated preparation technology, which entails significant energy costs and by-products.

It is known to use paper or cardboard containers for liquids with at least one side covered with a layer of thermoplastic material. An additional layer of aluminum foil may be included. Such vessels are crushed into individual fibers of indeterminate geometric shape and only many times their length in cross-section. The individual fibers in space are orthogonal to each other. At least one side of the individual fibers is coated with a layer of thermoplastic material. At the points of contact of the individual fibers, the thermoplastic material is molten.

Place the fibrous composition in a shell to separate the fibers

The contact points of the L 4924 B coated thermoplastic material with the thermoplastic layer of the sheath would be fused, requiring additional energy consumption. In each particular case, the preparation and application of the sheath significantly limits the application area of the fibrous composition and extends the preparation time of the article.

In the proposed application, the material-fibrous composition comprises at least three layers:

- a carrier layer obtained from fibers with a defined geometric shape. The individual fibers in space are orthogonal to each other. At least one side of the individual fibers is covered with a thermoplastic layer or part of the fibers is made of a thermoplastic material. In addition, this proportion of fibers is evenly distributed throughout the composition. At the points of contact of the individual fibers, the thermoplastic material is melted,

- a protective covering applied from at least one side of the supporting layer,

-the contact layer of the transfer layer, when the contact surfaces of the protective coating layer and the supporting layer are penetrated into one another, and joining the layers into a homogeneous material, a fibrous composition.

The filamentous composition mentioned in the proposed application may consist of:

- a carrier layer obtained from fibers of indeterminate geometric shape. The individual fibers in space are orthogonal to each other. At least one side of the individual fibers is covered with a thermoplastic layer or part of the fibers is made of a thermoplastic material. In addition, this proportion of fibers is evenly distributed throughout the composition. At the points of contact of the individual fibers, the thermoplastic material is melted.

- Protective - Coating layer applied to the carrier layer. This can be liquid or paste paint or putty or special protective coatings.

The contact surfaces of the transfer layer, as the carrier and protective layers, penetrate into one another and all three layers are combined into a single material, a fibrous composition.

In the proposed application, the material-to-fibrous composition may comprise:

- a carrier layer obtained from fibers of indeterminate geometric shape. The individual fibers in space are orthogonal to each other. At least one side of the individual fibers is thermoplastic

The L 4924 B layer or part of the fibers is of thermoplastic material. In addition, this proportion of fibers is evenly distributed throughout the composition. At the points of contact of the individual fibers, the thermoplastic material is melted.

- the protective layer is made of a thermoplastic material. In addition, it and the individual fibers covered by the thermoplastic carrier have a melting point.

-the transition layer where the contact surfaces of both layers are penetrated and fused.

The invention is illustrated by the drawings;

Fig. 1 illustrates an embodiment of a material-to-fibrous composition wherein the bonding surface of the carrier layer has grooves arranged perpendicular to one another.

Fig. 2 illustrates a material-to-fibrous composition in which the joint surface of the carrier layer has separate protrusions and depressions. They are arranged on the surface in an even, variable order, with the top of the protrusions larger than the dimension at the base of the protrusions.

Figure 3 illustrates the filling of a material-fibrous composition, which is a combination of a carrier layer with a protective covering layer having a spatial mesh structure.

In the proposed application, the material is a fibrous composition, the carrier and coating layers are formed separately, and the transition layer is formed by heating both layers under pressure.

In the present application, the material-fibrous composition is obtained by simultaneously forming a coating, a transition and a carrier layer. Under pressure molding, a protective coating is formed. Under pressure and temperature during casting, the carrier and transition layers are formed together, resulting in the maximum penetration of the two layers.

In the present application, in order to reduce energy consumption and increase the surface of the transition layer, the connection surface of the carrier layer has grooves located on the connection surface. In the simplest case, the grooves are arranged perpendicular to each other.

In the present application, in order to reduce energy consumption and increase the mechanical properties of the transition layer joint, the bearing layer joint surface has separate protrusions and recesses. They are evenly spaced on the surface and can be changeable

L 4924 Order B. At the junction of two layers to form a transition layer, the pressure and temperature may cause the top of the bumps to become larger than the dimension at the base of the bump. The existing bumps can serve as bases for fixing the outer members.

In the proposed application, the protective coating layer may add to the physical-mechanical properties of the supporting layer.

. Material - fibrous composition is formed in three steps:

- a protective coating is prepared,

- preparing a carrier layer having fibers of undefined geometric shape. The individual fibers in space are orthogonal to each other. At least one side of the individual fibers is covered with a thermoplastic layer or part of the fibers is made of a thermoplastic material. In addition, this proportion of fibers is evenly distributed throughout the composition. At the points of contact of the individual fibers, the thermoplastic material is melted,

- under pressure and temperature, the two layers penetrate each other, and the individual fibers of the backing layer overlap the individual elements of the overcoat or the overcoat. The thermoplastic material on the individual fibers of the carrier layer is fused. The individual elements of the carrier layer or the entire surface of the carrier layer may be raised above the protective coating layer.

One example of such a composition is the combination of a carrier layer with a protective coating layer having a spatial mesh structure.

One particular example of how the proposed material is obtained is a fibrous composition. The food industry uses paper or cardboard liquid packaging containers with at least one side covered with a layer of thermoplastic material and may additionally have an aluminum foil layer. Such vessels are crushed into individual fibers of indefinite geometric shape and only many times their length in cross-section. The individual fibers in space are orthogonal to each other. At least one side of the individual fibers is coated with a layer of thermoplastic material. The shredded fibers are placed in a specially prepared compression mold, where they are compressed and heated, until the points of contact of the thermoplastic layer are fused together and the individual fibers are joined together in a single fiber material composition. In this way, the carrier layer is prepared. Without removing the product from the compression mold, on

A pre-prepared protective coating is applied to the surface of the carrier layer L 4924 B. It may be a film or a plate made of a thermoplastic material. The melting point of the thermoplastic material in the carrier layer is close. After the protective coating has been applied, the pressing mold is again compressed and heated. In this way, a transition layer is formed between the carrier and the protective coating layer, and the product dimensions and configuration are finally obtained.

It is possible, without removing the carrier layer from the compression mold, to obtain a protective coating layer using a die-casting technology. This method produces products with a pre-set density. The load-bearing layer is partially formed, and when the protective coating layer is cast, the load-bearing and protective coating layer is finally formed and a transition layer is obtained with maximum penetration of both layers.

After the final formation of the carrier layer, it can be removed from the compression mold and covered with a protective coating layer. Depending on the requirements, the product may contain paint or putty or other coatings.

Depending on the requirements of the product, the protective coating may be manufactured separately. For example, it may be a braided or a metal mesh made of individual elements. It is placed in a compression mold and crushed into fibers. The compression mold is heated and compressed until the individual fibers wrap around the protective coating layer and the points of contact of the thermoplastic layer are fused together and the individual fibers are joined by interconnecting the two layers into a single fiber material composition.

From the fiber composition mentioned above, it is possible to manufacture articles used in the construction industry. These can be structural elements for partitions, surface finishing elements with sound and heat insulation properties.

From the fiber composition mentioned above, it is possible to produce articles used in the furniture industry. These can be finishing elements for furniture surfaces. By varying the material density, the desired surface hardness can be obtained and different surfaces may have different hardness.

Claims (7)

1. "Material" means a fibrous composition consisting of fibers of indeterminate geometric shape, individual fibers individually spaced relative to one another, at least one side of the individual fibers covered by a thermoplastic layer, or a portion of the fibers consisting of a thermoplastic material uniformly distributed throughout the mass; at the points of contact, the thermoplastic material is melted and contained in a shell having at least one inner side covered by a thermoplastic layer and the points of contact of the fibers covered by the thermoplastic material with the shell, characterized in that it consists of at least three layers: - bearing layer, - a protective coating covering at least one side of the supporting layer, - a transition layer where the contact surfaces of the carrier and the protective coating penetrate one another. 2. Material - Fibrous composition according to claim 1, characterized in that the coating is made of a thermoplastic material. 3. Material - fibrous composition according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the bonding surface of the carrier layer is grooved. Material - Fibrous composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, in the joint surface of the carrier layer, there are discrete protrusions and recesses, the top of the protrusions may have a dimension larger than that at the base of the protrusion. L 4924 B 5. Material - Fibrous Composition according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the individual fibers of the backing layer envelope the individual elements of the overcoating layer or the individual elements of the overcoating layer or the entire surface of the overlay can be raised above the overlay. 6. Materials - A process for the manufacture of a fibrous composition according to claims 1-5, characterized in that the carrier and coating layers are formed separately and, under pressure and temperature, they form a transition layer. 7. Materials according to claim 6 for the manufacture of a fibrous composition, characterized in that, under pressure and temperature, they simultaneously form a carrier, a coating and a coating.