LT4839B - A heat generator - Google Patents

A heat generator Download PDF

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Publication number
LT4839B
LT4839B LT2000117A LT2000117A LT4839B LT 4839 B LT4839 B LT 4839B LT 2000117 A LT2000117 A LT 2000117A LT 2000117 A LT2000117 A LT 2000117A LT 4839 B LT4839 B LT 4839B
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LT
Lithuania
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
heat
combustion
generator
chimney
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LT2000117A
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Lithuanian (lt)
Other versions
LT2000117A (en
Inventor
Vilius Židonis
Original Assignee
Vilius Židonis
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Priority to LT2000117A priority Critical patent/LT4839B/en
Publication of LT2000117A publication Critical patent/LT2000117A/en
Publication of LT4839B publication Critical patent/LT4839B/en

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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/17District heating

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  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

Invention belongs to the field of calorifics. It is intended for the heating of the lodgement with the flows of warm air. The novelty of proposed heat generator is that the heating system of the heat transmission agent, that is air, is composed of fuel burning camera, its shell and the channel, connected to the chimney made from the heat-permeable material, used for removal of burning products from the burning camera. This channel is built in under the shell, together with the burning camera. The part of burning products removal channel, which is under the shield, may be composed of two or more channels, which are by one end connected to the space of the burning camera while the other ends are interconnected and joins into one channel which, at its side, is connected to the chimney.

Description

Technikos sritis, kuriai skiriamas išradimasTECHNICAL FIELD OF INVENTION

Išradimas priklauso šiluminės technikos sričiai - įrenginiams, skirtiems patalpas šildyti šilto oro srautais.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to the field of thermal engineering - devices for heating rooms with hot air flows.

Technikos lygisState of the art

Žinomi įvairūs šilumos generatoriai, kuriuose šiluminė energija gaunama deginant kurą. Kai gauta šiluminė energija naudojama patalpoms šildyti, jos perdavimui iš generavimo vietos į šildomas patalpas naudojamas šilumos perdavimo agentas. Vienais atvejais šilumos perdavimo agentas yra skystis, dažniausiai - vanduo, o kitais atvejais dujos, dažniausiai - oras. Jei šilumos generatorius yra toje patalpoje, kurią jis ir turi šildyti, šilto oro srautai nuo jo į šildomas vietas gali būti nukreipiami tiesiogiai. Tais atvejais, kai šilumos generatorius sumontuotas vienoje patalpoje, o šildyti reikia kitą patalpą ar keletą kitų patalpų, šilto oro srautai nuo generatoriaus į šildomas patalpas nukreipiami specialiais vamzdžiais ar kanalais, kurie vadinami ortakiais.Various heat generators are known in which thermal energy is generated by burning fuel. When the resulting thermal energy is used for space heating, a heat transfer agent is used to transfer it from the generation site to the heated space. In some cases, the heat transfer agent is a liquid, usually water, and in other cases, a gas, usually air. If the heat generator is located in the room it needs to heat, the hot air flows from it to the heated areas can be directed directly. In cases where the heat generator is installed in one room and heating is required in another room or several other rooms, the hot air flows from the generator to the heated room through special pipes or ducts called ducts.

Žinomi ir naudojami įvairūs šilumos generatoriai, skirti šildyti patalpoms, šilumos perdavimo agentu naudojant šildomą orą. Vienas jų, vadinamas kaloriferiu Bullerjan ® (ENERGETEC Hannover). Šio generatoriaus pagrindą sudaro horizontalaus cilindro pavidalo kuro degimo kamera, kurios viename gale yra durelės malkoms pakrauti, o kitame gale - degimo produktų - dūmų pašalinimo anga su vamzdžiu, jungiančiu degimo kameros ertmę su dūmtraukiu. Degimo kamera sublokuota su šilumos perdavimo agento - oro šildymo sistema, kuri sudaryta iš vamzdžių, išlenktų degimo kameros išorinio paviršiaus spinduliu ir priglaustų prie to paviršiaus iš abiejų kameros pusių. Vieni vamzdžių galai yra degimo kameros išorinio paviršiaus apačioje, o antrieji - viršutinėje tos kameros dalyje.Various heat generators for indoor heating using heated air as a heat transfer agent are known and used. One of them is called Bullerjan ® (ENERGETEC Hannover). The base of this generator consists of a horizontal cylindrical fuel combustion chamber with a door for loading firewood on one end and a smoke outlet on the other end of the combustion products with a pipe connecting the combustion chamber cavity to the chimney. The combustion chamber is interlocked with a heat-transfer agent-air heating system consisting of tubes bent along a radius of the outside surface of the combustion chamber and extending to that surface on either side of the chamber. One end of the tubes is at the bottom of the outside of the combustion chamber and the other ends are at the top of that chamber.

Kūrenant kurą (pavyzdžiui, malkas) degimo kameroje jos cilindrinis paviršius kaista, šildydamas prie išorės prigludusius vamzdžius. Vamzdžiuose esantis oras įšyla ir iš generatoriaus apačios jais kildamas į viršų pasklinda patalpoje, tą patalpą šildydamas. Norint šiluminę energiją ortakiais nukreipti į kitas patalpas, ant šylančių vamzdžių viršutinių galų montuojami specialūs įtaisai, kuriais jie sujungiami su ortakiais.As the fuel is fired (for example, firewood), the cylindrical surface of the combustion chamber heats up by heating the pipes adjacent to it. The air in the pipes heats up and, from the bottom of the generator, heats up into the room and heats the room. In order to direct the thermal energy through the ducts, special devices are installed on the upper ends of the heating pipes, which connect them to the ducts.

Tokie generatoriai kompaktiški, neblogai atrodo , bet jie turi esminių trūkumų. 1, Minėtuose išlenktuose vamzdžiuose esančio oro šildymui tenka tik ribota šiluminės energijos dalis, nes jie su degimo kamera liečiasi ribota paviršių dalimi. 2. Deginant kurą gautos šiluminės energijos naudingo panaudojimo koeficientas yra žemas, nes degimo kameros ertmė per degimo produktų - dūmų pašalinimo angą vamzdžiu tiesiogiai sujungiama su dūmtraukiu, kuriuo žymi šilumos dalis išmetama į lauką.Such generators are compact, not bad looking, but have major disadvantages. 1, The heating of the air contained in said curved tubes has only a limited amount of thermal energy, since they come into contact with a limited part of the surfaces with the combustion chamber. 2. The efficiency of the utilization of the thermal energy obtained from the combustion of fuel is low because the combustion chamber cavity is directly connected to the chimney through a combustion product - smoke exhaust port - by which a significant part of the heat is released into the field.

Kitokia “Orinio šildymo sistema” aprašyta Lietuvos Respublikos išradimo patente Nr. 3128. Šiuo atveju patalpų šildymui ortakiais panaudojama tik degimo produktuose - dūmuose sukaupta šiluminės energijos dalis. Tokioje šildymo sistemoje yra uždaros dėžės pavidalo kontaktinis šilumokaitis, pro kurį praleidžiamos “atidirbusios dujos” (terminologija cituojamo patento). Šilumokaičio sienelėse yra įėjimo ir išėjimo angos, o viduje šilumai laidžios pertvaros atidirbusių dujų keliui prailginti. Šilumokaičio įėjimo anga susisiekia su dūmtakiu, o išėjimo anga sujungta su kaminu. Šilumokaičio pertvaros turi vieną plyšį, kuris dviejose greta esnčiose pertvarose yra priešingose jo pusėse. Siekiant užtikrinti pašildyto oro tiekimą, šilumokaitis įmontuotas į tokios pat formos apvalkalą su oro tarpu tarp jo ir apvalkalo sienelių su įėjimo anga šaltam orui ir išėjimo anga pašildytam orui, kuri sujungta su šilumos tiekimo magistrale. Taigi tokioje šildymo sistemoje nepanaudojama ta šilumos dalis, kurią betarpiškai išspinduliuoja šilumos generatorius - šiuo atveju krosnis.Other "Air heating system" is described in the patent of the invention of the Republic of Lithuania no. 3128. In this case, only part of the thermal energy contained in the combustion products, the smoke, is used for heating the ducts. Such a heating system has a closed-box contact heat exchanger, which passes through the "waste gas" (a patent cited in the terminology). The heat exchanger walls have inlet and outlet openings, and inside the heat exchanger partitions to extend the working gas path. The inlet of the heat exchanger communicates with the flue and the outlet is connected to the chimney. The heat exchanger partitions have one slit, which is located on opposite sides of two adjacent partitions. In order to ensure the supply of heated air, the heat exchanger is incorporated into a jacket of the same shape with an air gap between it and the walls of the jacket with an inlet for cold air and an outlet for heated air connected to the heat pipe. Thus, such a heating system does not utilize the amount of heat directly emitted by the heat generator - in this case the furnace.

Išradimo esmėThe essence of the invention

Pareikštas išradimas skirtas patalpoms šildyti šilto oro srautais. Siūlomas šilumos generatorius skiriasi nuo žinomų analoginės paskirties įrenginių tuo, kad šilumos agento - oro šildymo sistema sudaryta iš kuro degimo kamerosją gaubiančio gaubto ir degimo produktų-dūmų pašalinimo iš degimo kameros įrenginio dalies, kuri yra iš šilumai laidžios medžiagos pagamintas kanalas, jungiantis tos kameros ertmę su dūmtraukiu ir patalpinta po gaubtu kartu su degimo kamera. Be to, po gaubtu kartu su degimo kamera esanti degimo produktų - dūmų pašalinimo iš degimo kameros įrenginio dalis gali būti sudaryta iš dviejų ar didesnio skaičiaus kanalų, kurių ertmės vienais galais sujungtos su degimo kameros ertme, o jų antrieji galai sujungti tarpusavyje ir pereina į vieną kanalą, kuris, savo ruožtu, sujungtas su dūmtraukio ertme. Toks šilumos generatorius, sudaro galimybę šildyti patalpas šilto oro srautais, kurie pašildomi, prapučiant orą jo šildymo sistemos kanalais ir ortakiais nukreipiami į šildomas patalpas. Aprašyti generatoriaus principinio sprendimo ypatumai daro jį ekonomiškesniu žinomų prototipų atžvilgiu.The present invention relates to heating of rooms by means of warm air flows. The proposed heat generator differs from known analogue devices in that the heating agent air heating system consists of a hood enclosing the combustion chamber of the fuel and combustion products-smoke part of the combustion chamber device, which is a conduit made of heat-conducting material connecting the chamber cavity. with a chimney and placed under the hood along with the combustion chamber. In addition, the part of the combustion products, the smoke exhaust from the combustion chamber under the hood and the combustion chamber, may consist of two or more ducts, the cavities of which are connected at one end to the cavity of the combustion chamber and connected to one another. a duct, which in turn is connected to the chimney cavity. Such a heat generator makes it possible to heat the premises by means of warm air flows, which are heated by blowing air through the channels and ducts of its heating system to the heated premises. The described generic features of the generator make it more economical with known prototypes.

Brėžinių figūrų aprašymasDescription of the drawing figures

Siūlomas šilumos generatorius pavaizduotas keturiose figūrose. Fig. 1 generatorius pavaizduotas be gaubto ir prie jo montuojamų dalių, fig. 2 pateiktas jo bendras vaizdas su gaubtu, fig. 3 - jo skersinis pjūvis (schema), fig. 4 parodytas generatorius be gaubto su specialia papildoma pakura.The proposed heat generator is depicted in four figures. FIG. 1 shows a generator without the enclosure and parts mounted thereto, FIG. 2 is a general view thereof with a hood, FIG. 3 is a transverse section (diagram) of FIG. 4 shows a generator without a hood with a special auxiliary furnace.

Generatorius sudarytas iš degimo kameros 1 (fig. 1, 3, 4), degimo produktų - dūmų pašalinimo sistemos 2 , savo ruožtu susidedančios iš kanalų 3, 4, 5, 6 ir 7 su sklende 8. Degimo kameros 1 gale sumontuotos durys 9 su mažesnėmis durelėmis 10 bei 11 (fig. 1). Degimo kamera ir dalis degimo produktų - dūmų pašalinimo sistemos uždengta gaubtu 12 (fig. 2 ir fig. 3) su angomis, prie kurių sumontuoti ortakiai 13, 14, 15 ir orapūtė (ventiliatorius) 16. Generatoriaus skersiniame pjūvyje (fig. 3) pateiktas variantas, kai prie gaubto 12 ortakių nėra, o jame esančios angos 17 bei 18 nukreiptos į šonus. Kai šilumos generatoriuje deginamas susmulkintas kuras, pavyzdžiui, medienos pjuvenos, drožlės, spaliai ir kt., gali būti naudojama išimama pakura 19 (fig. 4), kurioje to kuro masė 20 pavaizduota ją pabrūkšniuojant.The generator consists of a combustion chamber 1 (figs. 1, 3, 4), the combustion products - a smoke exhaust system 2, which in turn consists of channels 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 with a damper 8. At the rear of the combustion chamber 1 is a door 9 with smaller doors 10 and 11 (Fig. 1). The combustion chamber and part of the combustion products - the smoke extraction system is enclosed in a hood 12 (Figs. 2 and 3) with openings with ducts 13, 14, 15 and a blower (fan) 16. In the cross-section of the generator (Fig. 3) a variant where there is no duct at the enclosure 12 and the openings 17 and 18 are sideways. When combustion of shredded fuels, such as sawdust, shavings, logs, etc., in the heat generator is possible, a removable combustion chamber 19 (Fig. 4) can be used, in which the fuel mass 20 is depicted by slashing.

Išradimo realizavimo aprašymasDescription of Embodiment of the Invention

Siūlomas šilumos generatorius paruošiamas naudojimui ir funkcionuoja taip. Atidaromos degimo kameros 1 durys 9 (fig. 1), į kamerą pakraunama kuro, durys 9 uždaromos, o kuras uždegamas. Jam degant, liepsna kaitina kameros 1 paviršių, o karšti dūmai pašildo dūmtraukį. Traukai nusistovėjus sklendė 8 uždaroma. Tada karšti dūmai, slinkdami degimo produktų pašalinimo sistemos 2 kanalais 3, 4, 5, 6 kaitina ir juos. Atvėsę dūmai kanalu 7 ir dūmtraukiu, kuris figūrose neparodytas, išeina į aplinką. Kadangi degimo kamera 1, degimo produktų- dūmų pašalinimo sistemos 2 dalis, kurią sudaro kanalai 3, 4, 5 ir 6, uždengti gaubtu 12 (fig. 2), tai oras, esantis tarpe tarp šių generatoriaus dalių ir gaubto nuolat šyla. Pučiant orapūtei 16, šaltas oras patenka į tą patį tarpą, iš ten sušilusį orą išstumia ir ortakiais 13, 14, 15 (fig. 2) nukreipia jį į šildomas vietas. Kai šilumos generatorius yra toje patalpoje, kuriąjis turi šildyti, ortakiai 13, 14, 15,o kartais ir orapūtė 16, nereikalingi. Pašildytas oras pasklinda pro gaubte 12 esančias angas 17 ir 18 (fig.3).The proposed heat generator is ready for use and functions as follows. The door 9 of the combustion chamber 1 is opened (Fig. 1), the fuel is loaded into the chamber, the door 9 is closed and the fuel is ignited. As it burns, the flame heats the surface of the chamber 1 and hot smoke heats the chimney. When the draft has settled, valve 8 closes. Then the hot smoke, as it scrolls through channels 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 of the exhaust system 2, heats them. The cooled smoke is discharged into the environment by a duct 7 and a chimney not shown in the figures. Since the combustion chamber 1, part 2 of the combustion product smoke exhaust system consisting of ducts 3, 4, 5 and 6, is enclosed in a hood 12 (Fig. 2), the air between these generator parts and the hood is constantly warming. As the blower 16 blows, the cold air enters the same space, from there it expels the warmed air and directs it through the ducts 13, 14, 15 (Fig. 2) to the heated areas. When the heat generator is in the room it needs to heat, the ducts 13, 14, 15 and sometimes the blower 16 are not required. The heated air passes through the openings 17 and 18 in the enclosure 12 (Fig. 3).

Generatoriui veikiant, kuras, pavyzdžiui, malkos, į degimo kamerą 1 gali būti paduodamas pro dureles 10 (fig. 1). Atidarant ar pridarant dureles 11 reguliuojamas į degimo zoną patenkančio oro kiekis, nuo kurio priklauso degimo intensyvumas.When the generator is operating, fuel, such as firewood, may be fed into the combustion chamber 1 through a door 10 (Fig. 1). Opening or adding the door 11 regulates the amount of air entering the combustion zone, which determines the burning intensity.

Jei kūrenamas susmulkintas kuras - pjuvenos, spaliai ir kt., generatoriaus komplekte gali būti naudojama speciali pakura 19, kurios dugne būna viena, dvi ar daugiau angų. Pakurą 19 iš degimo kameros 1 ištraukus (fig. 4), ties minėtomis angomis pakuros dugne pastatomi strypai, o susmulkintas kuras pilamas į pakurą 19 apie tuos strypus ir kruopščiai suplūkiamas. Taip pakurą 19 užpildžius, strypai ištraukiami, o suplūktoje kuro masėje 20 lieka angos 21 (fig. 4). Užpildyta pakura įstumiama į degimo kameros 1 vidų, kurios dugne taip pat yra angos. Pastarosios daromos taip, kad pakurai esant degimo kameroje, kuro masėje 20 sudarytos angos 21 su jomis sutaptų. Pakurą 19 įdegimo kameros 1 vidų įstūmus, durys 9 uždaromos ir šilumos generatorius gali būti užkurtas.For shredded fuels such as sawdust, logs, etc., the generator set may use a special furnace 19 with one, two or more openings in the bottom. When the combustion chamber 19 is pulled out of the combustion chamber 1 (Fig. 4), rods are placed at said openings at the bottom of the combustion chamber and the shredded fuel is poured into the combustion chamber 19 about those rods and thoroughly blown. As the fuel 19 is filled, the rods are pulled out and the openings 21 remain in the shattered fuel mass 20 (Fig. 4). The filled furnace is pushed into the interior of the combustion chamber 1, the bottom of which also has openings. The latter are made in such a way that the openings 21 formed in the fuel mass 20 coincide with them when the combustion chamber is in the combustion chamber. When the furnace 19 is inserted into the tanning chamber 1, the door 9 is closed and the heat generator can be lit.

Claims (2)

1. Šilumos generatorius, sudarytas iš kuro degimo kameros, šilumos perdavimo agento - dujų šildymo sistemos ir degimo produktų dūmų pašalinimo iš degimo kameros įrenginio, besiskiriant i s tuo, kad dujų pavidalo šilumos perdavimo agento šildymo sistema sudaryta iš degimo kameros, ją gaubiančio gaubto ir degimo produktų - dūmų pašalinimo iš degimo kameros įrengimo dalies, kuri yra iš šilumai laidžios medžiagos pagamintas kanalas, jungiantis tos kameros ertmę su dūmtraukiu, ir patalpinta po gaubtu kartu su degimo kamera.1. A heat generator comprising a fuel combustion chamber, a heat transfer agent - gas heating system and a flue gas flue gas removal device for combustion products, characterized in that the gas heat transfer agent heating system comprises a combustion chamber, its enclosure and a combustion chamber. products, the smoke extraction part of the combustion chamber installation, which is a duct made of heat-conductive material that connects the chamber's cavity to the chimney and is placed under the hood along with the combustion chamber. 2. Šilumos generatorius pagal 1 punktą ,besiskiriantis tuo, kad po gaubtu kartu su degimo kamera esanti degimo produktų dūmų pašalinimo iš degimo kameros įrenginio dalis sudaryta iš dviejų ar didesnio skaičiaus kanalų, kurių ertmės vienais galais sujungtos su degimo kameros ertme, o jų antrieji galai sujungti tarpusavyje ir pereina į vieną kanalą, kuris sujungtas su dūmtraukio ertme.2. A heat generator as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the part of the combustion product smoke extraction unit located beneath the hood and the combustion chamber consists of two or more channels, the cavities of which are connected at one end to the cavity of the combustion chamber. interconnect with each other and pass into a single duct that is connected to the chimney cavity.
LT2000117A 2000-12-11 2000-12-11 A heat generator LT4839B (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LT4984B (en) 2002-04-15 2003-01-27 Vilius Židonis Heater of heat-transfer agent
LT5652B (en) 2009-06-25 2010-05-25 Uab "Slengiai" Boiler furnace
LT5899B (en) 2011-03-07 2013-01-25 Uab "Slengiai" Heat generator

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LT3128B (en) 1993-01-29 1994-12-27 Raimondas Pauliukonis Hot-air heating system
LT4808B (en) 2000-10-10 2001-06-25 Vilius �Idonis Generator of heat energy

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LT3128B (en) 1993-01-29 1994-12-27 Raimondas Pauliukonis Hot-air heating system
LT4808B (en) 2000-10-10 2001-06-25 Vilius �Idonis Generator of heat energy

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
A. PRANCKŪNAS: "Garo ir vandens katilų konstrukcijos"
G.GIMBUTIS, K. KAJUTIS IR KT.: "Šiluminė technika"

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LT4984B (en) 2002-04-15 2003-01-27 Vilius Židonis Heater of heat-transfer agent
LT5652B (en) 2009-06-25 2010-05-25 Uab "Slengiai" Boiler furnace
LT5899B (en) 2011-03-07 2013-01-25 Uab "Slengiai" Heat generator

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