LT4807B - Method for heating by solar heat and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

Invention describes a mean of heating a heating device for the usage of solar radiation for heating. The way of usage of solar radiation is new because it proposes collecting of the solar radiation to the collector, thus heating the gas (air) layer (serving as a heating agent), which is between the collector and the transparent cover. In order to use such device for heating of the lodgement, it is needed to connect the open ends of the gap between the collector and the transparent cover with the heated lodgements at different height. Such heaters may be installed on the walls or roofs of the heated lodgements or even at some distance from them. In order to use this heater to heat the liquid (water), it is needed to interconnect the open ends of the above-mentioned gap between the collector and transparent cover by the pipe, upper part of which has the shape of convex side surface of the cylinder and is attached to the concave side surface of the liquid heating agent reservoir.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF INVENTION

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to the field of thermal engineering which solves the problems of using solar energy for heating purposes.

State of the art

Water heating systems using solar energy are well known. They contain heat-absorbing devices - absorbers filled with water, covered with a transparent coating on the sun side and with thermal insulation materials on the other side. The absorbers are connected to heated water tanks. If the reservoir is above the absorber, the heated water circulates through the system's channels and, when heated, accumulates in the upper part of the reservoir. When the reservoir is below the absorber, a pump is used for forced circulation. Such heating systems are described in various sources, such as V. Shukster, R. Kiver's book "Possibilities of Solar Energy in Lithuania", Vilnius, 1996, JSBN9986 - 510Χ, Arūnas Karaliūnas article "Unique invention helps to live and save money", Lietuvos rytas, 2000 . May 10, 2000, article by Gediminas Pilaitis, "Solar energy will warm the whole house in Klaipėda", Lietuvos rytas, 2000. May 22, no.119, et al. The heating systems mentioned are designed to heat water, which is also a heat transfer agent. In the patent application no. 2000 032 describes a two-circuit solar collector called "Liquid Heating System". One circuit of such a manifold, including the absorber cavity, is filled with a heat transfer agent in a non-freezing fluid, while the other circuit connects the tap water line to the heated water tank and the hot water use line. Such a system can also be used in the winter without fear that the water in it will freeze.

Solar heating systems for water heating are presented. Known preheated water can be supplied to radiators to use solar energy for space heating. However, such a solution is complex, expensive and not very cost effective.

There are known methods of heating a room using solar energy for direct heating of circulating air. Such techniques are described, for example, in Eugene Peredney's "Rationale for Passive Solar Heating Systems in Buildings" and Algirdas Genutti's in "Developing and Investigating Saddle Collectors for Dehumidifying Agricultural Products." Both of these articles were published in a scientific seminar paper entitled sources for agriculture ”, Raudondvaris, 1998 May 8 .However, these techniques are not complete, and there are no facilities for their effective realization.

The essence of the invention

The present invention relates to a method of heating by solar radiation and to a device for the realization of such a heater. It is proposed to heat the black-coated body, which is a solar energy collector, and heat the radiation emitted from it by heating the gaseous (air) heat transfer agent between the solar collector and the transparent coating that transmits sunlight. protecting against heat dissipation. For transferring the heat accumulated in the gaseous (air) layer of the heat transfer agent for space heating, the space between the solar collector and the transparent coating channels is connected to the heated room. When the proposed device is used to heat water or other liquid, the upper part of the passage connecting the transparent coating to the sun absorber is made as a convex side surface of the cylinder and coincides with the concave side surface of the heated fluid reservoir.

Description of the drawing figures

Figure 1 shows longitudinal and transverse sections A-A of the solar heating unit heater. FIG. 2 and FIG. Fig. 3 is also a sectional view of the proposed heaters, only fig. 2 shows how such heaters are connected to heated rooms when mounted outside the walls of heated rooms, and FIG. Figure 3 shows the case where the heater is installed in the roof construction of the room. FIG. Figure 4 illustrates how the proposed heaters can be located on the walls of the premises below their windows and in areas of the walls where neither windows nor doors exist. It also shows how the heaters can be mounted on roofs.

FIG. Figure 5 shows an example of how a proposed heater can be incorporated into a device for heating water.

Description of Embodiment of the Invention

Longitudinal sections of the solar heating unit heater are shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3 and FIG. 5. Figure 1 also shows a cross section of the heater. In all of these figures, the first four digits are denoted by the same purpose elements: transparent coating 1, gaseous (air) heat transfer agent layer 2, solar energy collector 3 and thermal insulation layer 4. Heat transfer agent layer 2 is bounded by transparent coating 1 and collector 3, which is a solid body covered with a black layer on the transparent side 1.

The heater can be mounted stationary, on the wall of the heated room or on the roof fig. 2 and FIG. 3, or with the possibility of periodically or sequentially orienting it with the transparent coating facing the sun (Fig. 5). When installing the heater in a stationary (stationary) position, it is recommended to direct it so that its transparent coating is exposed to the sun for the longest part of the day.

When one end of the heater is higher than the other, e.g. The end of the heater 1 provided with the duct 5 would be raised higher than the end with the duct 6, which would cause the gas (air) warmed from the solar collector 3 to move in the direction of the duct 5 above due to the reduced density. When such a heater is mounted to the wall 5 as shown in FIG. 2, the gas (air) layer 2 warmed up from the beacon 3, the space between the beaker and the transparent cover 1 gradually rising up and the upper opening in the wall 5 entering the heated room 6. Here the gas (air) warmed up mixes with the air in room 6, causing it to cool down and returning to the heater with the lower opening in the same wall. The air (gas) so heated circulates spontaneously, heating the 6 enclosed spaces.

If the heater is installed in the roof 10 structure (Fig. 3), the heated air will not flow into the rooms below. Therefore, in this case, a gas (air) pump - a fan 8 - is required, which causes the heated air layer 2 to flow into the heated room 6, from which, after supplying heat, it returns to the heater via duct 7.

In order to use the proposed heater for heating water (liquid), it can be installed as shown in fig. 5. Here, the ends of the heater gap 2 between the transparent coating 1 and the hopper 3 are connected by a channel 5, the upper portion of which is a portion of the convex side surface of the cylinder adjacent to the concave portion of the side surface of the heated water (liquid) reservoir. The tank has a heated water line opening 7 and a water line opening 8. The water heater with the proposed heater is mounted, allowing it to be rotated about horizontal axis 9 and vertical axis 10. The complete set is mounted on a stand 11.

When the sun is shining, its rays heat up the collector 3, from which the radiant heat warms the gas (air) layer 2. The latter rises upwards when in contact with the concave surface of the reservoir 6, transferring heat to the liquid (water). The cooled gas (air) then descends due to the increased density and enters the lower part 2 of the gap. The process is repeated until the sun is shining or the system stabilizes.

Claims (4)

1. A method of heating by sunlight, passing the sunlight through a transparent, heat shielding material, heating said transfer agent to a heated object, wherein said heat transfer agent uses a gas (air) layer adjacent to said transparent coating, on the opposite side of the sun, and uses a solid body to heat it, in turn, it is heated by absorbing sunlight, which passes through the transparent coating and the gas / air layer. 2. Solar heating unit-heater having a heat transfer agent reservoir, characterized in that a solid body is used to heat the gaseous (air) heat transfer agent, the solar radiation collector being coated on the transparent side with a black sun absorber layer and on the other side covered with heat insulating material; the gap between the transparent coating and the solar collector on either side is sealed and its open sides are provided with the possibility of duct connection to the heating object. v 3. The solar heating unit heater according to claim 2, characterized in that, when solar heating the room, it is mounted on the wall of the room, on the roof or away from the sunny side of the room, with a transparent coating facing the sun connecting the open sides of the beam collector with ducts to the heated room. 4. A solar heating unit heater according to claim 2, characterized in that by heating the liquid (water) with the sun, the upper part of the channel connecting the open sides of the transparent coating and the solar collector is formed in the form of a convex side surface of the cylinder. part of the concave side surface of the heated fluid reservoir.