LT4697B - Liquid complex fertilizers and manufacture thereof - Google Patents
Liquid complex fertilizers and manufacture thereof Download PDFInfo
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- LT4697B LT4697B LT99-093A LT99093A LT4697B LT 4697 B LT4697 B LT 4697B LT 99093 A LT99093 A LT 99093A LT 4697 B LT4697 B LT 4697B
- Authority
- LT
- Lithuania
- Prior art keywords
- urea
- nitrogen
- ammonium nitrate
- fertilizers
- phosphoric acid
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 19
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphosphonate Chemical compound O=P(=O)OP(=O)=O YWEUIGNSBFLMFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011785 micronutrient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000013369 micronutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[K+].[K+] CHWRSCGUEQEHOH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001950 potassium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- QYHFIVBSNOWOCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N selenic acid Chemical class O[Se](O)(=O)=O QYHFIVBSNOWOCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004694 iodide salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical class [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 7
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical compound NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc nitrate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ONDPHDOFVYQSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) nitrate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O XTVVROIMIGLXTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese(2+);dinitrate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MIVBAHRSNUNMPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 4
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RPLLIKMGXOSRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-J [Mn+2].S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Co+2].S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] Chemical class [Mn+2].S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Co+2].S(=O)(=O)([O-])[O-] RPLLIKMGXOSRCN-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000020774 essential nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Išradimas priklauso skystųjų kompleksinių trąšų gamybai ir gali būti naudojamas trąšų pramonėje ir žemės ūkyje.The present invention relates to the production of liquid compound fertilizers and can be used in the fertilizer industry and agriculture.
Žinomos skystosios kompleksinės trąšos 9-9-9, 7-20-0, kurios gaunamos ekstrakcinę fosforo rūgštį neutralizuojant amoniaku bei pridedant karbamido ir kalio chlorido (žiūr. ΚοηετκοΒ B. H. Προη3βολοτβο h npnMeHeHHe >khhkhx κοΜππεκοΗΒΐχ yąoSpeHuft. MocKBa. 1986. 296 c.). Tačiau šiose trąšose yra kenksmingų augalams priemaišų, o taip pat greitai atsiranda nuosėdų.Known liquid compound fertilizers 9-9-9, 7-20-0, which are obtained by neutralizing the extraction phosphoric acid with ammonia and by adding urea and potassium chloride (cf. . However, these fertilizers contain plant-harmful impurities and also precipitate rapidly.
Šiltnaminėms kultūroms tręšti reikalingos trąšos, kuriose nėra sunkiųjų metalų, o taip pat aliuminio, fluoro ir kitų kenksmingų medžiagų.Greenhouse crops require fertilizers that do not contain heavy metals, as well as aluminum, fluorine and other harmful substances.
Žinomos skystosios kompleksinės trąšos, skirtos šiltnaminėms kultūroms, vaiskrūmiams,vaismedžiams, gėlėms tręšti ir kurias nesudėtinga gaminti [VITO]. Kadangi trąšos yra gaminamos iš chemiškai švarių druskų, jas tirpinant vandenyje tam tikru komponentų santykiu bei pridedant mikroelementų, todėl tokia gamyba yra brangi, o didelis įvairių komponentų kiekis leidžia pasiekti palyginus nedidelę pagrindinių maisto medžiagų (azoto, fosforo, kalio) koncentraciją (7,7^-9,5).Known liquid compound fertilizers for greenhouses, shrubs, fruit trees, flowers, which are easy to produce [VITO]. Because fertilizers are made from chemically pure salts, they are expensive to dissolve in water with a certain proportion of the components and with the addition of micronutrients, and the high content of various components allows comparatively low concentrations of essential nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, ^ -9.5).
Artimiausias žinomas techninis sprendimas - žiūr. TSRS autorinis liudijimas SU 1549941, TPK 5 C 05 G 1/06. Pagal jį skystųjų kompleksinių trasų Sogeda, skirtų daržovėms, vaiskrūmiams, vaismedžiams bei gėlėms tręšti gamybos būdas remiasi tuo, kad azoto ir fosforo rūgštys neutralizuojamos amoniaku, potašas suskaidomas azoto rūgštimi ir gautų druskų - amonio nitrato (NH4NO3), amonio hidrofosfato (ΝΗ4)2ΗΡΟ4, kalio nitrato (KNO3) vandens tirpalai sumaišomi ir pridedama mikroelementų.The next known technical solution - see. USSR copyright SO 1549941, IPC 5 C 05 G 1/06. According to the liquid complex fertilizers SOGEDA for vegetables, shrubs, fruit trees and flowers fertilization technique relies on the fact that nitric acid and phosphoric acid are neutralized with ammonia, potash digested with nitric acid and the salts - ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3), ammonium phosphate (ΝΗ4) 2 ΗΡΟ 4 , potassium nitrate (KNO3) aqueous solutions are mixed and trace elements added.
Išradimo trūkumas - pagamintų nitratų tarpusavio tirpumas vandenyje yra ribotas, todėl maisto medžiagų koncentracija tesiekia 22,5 %, o mikroelementų yra tik pėdsakai.The disadvantage of the invention is that the prepared nitrates have a limited solubility in water, so that the concentration of nutrients is only 22.5% and only trace amounts are present.
Išradimo tikslas yra išplėsti skystųjų kompleksinių trąšų, skirtų daržovėms, vaiskrūmiams, vaismedžiams bei gėlėms tręšti įvairiu augimo laiku asortimentą ir padidinti maisto medžiagų koncentraciją.The object of the present invention is to expand the range of liquid compound fertilizers for fertilizing vegetables, shrubs, fruit trees and flowers at different growing times and to increase the concentration of nutrients.
Patentuojamos skystosios kompleksinės trąšos, kuriose yra vandenyje ištirpusių amonio ir kalio fosfatų bei karbamido arba amonio nitrato, kai maisto medžiagų kiekis (masės procentais) yra:Patented liquid compound fertilizers containing water-soluble ammonium and potassium phosphates and urea or ammonium nitrate with a nutrient content (by weight) of:
azoto 5-13 fosforo pentoksido 5-22 kalio oksido 3,5-26 mikroelementų 0,01-1.nitrogen 5-13 phosphorus pentoxide 5-22 potassium oxide 3.5-26 trace elements 0.01-1.
Skystąsias kompleksines trąšas gamina fosforo rūgštį, neutralizuojant amoniaku, potašą skaidant fosforo rūgštimi ir pridedant vandens ir karbamido arba amonio nitrato bei mikroelementų. Medžiagos reaguoja santykiais:Liquid compound fertilizers produce phosphoric acid by neutralizing with ammonia, decomposing potash with phosphoric acid and adding water and urea or ammonium nitrate and trace elements. Materials react in relationship:
H3PO4 / NH4OH =1:2 K2CO3/H3PO4 = (0,5-1): 1.H 3 PO 4 / NH 4 OH = 1: 2 K 2 CO 3 / H 3 PO 4 = (0.5-1): 1.
Į pagamintą tirpalą prideda karbamido ar amonio salietros nuo 5 iki 13 % (masės) azoto tirpaluose. Mikroelementus į tirpalą prideda naudojant medžiagas, susidedančias iš vario, cinko, kobalto mangano sulfatų, chloridų, nitratų, chelatinių junginių ir molibdatų, boro rūgšties, boratų, selenatų ar jodidu.Additions of urea or ammonium nitrate in solutions of 5 to 13% (w / w) in nitrogen are added to the prepared solution. The trace elements are added to the solution using substances consisting of copper, zinc, cobalt manganese sulphates, chlorides, nitrates, chelating agents and molybdates, boric acid, borates, selenates or iodide.
Naudoja karbamidą arba amonio salietrą, kurie yra biri medžiaga arba lydalas. Skystosiose kompleksinėse trąšose, kuriose yra amonio ir kalio fosfatų bei karbamido arba amonio nitrato gamybos technologija yra tokia (žiūr. technologinę schemą):Uses urea or ammonium nitrate, which is a bulk or melt. For compound fertilizers containing ammonium and potassium phosphates and for urea or ammonium nitrate, the technology is as follows (see technological scheme):
Potašas iš bunkerio 1 tiekiamas į kalio fosfato reaktorių 7, kuriame iš indo 2 tiekiama fosforo rūgštis. Reaktoriuje 8 neutralizuojama fosforo rūgštis iš indo 2 amoniakiniu vandeniu iš indoPotash is supplied from the hopper 1 to the potassium phosphate reactor 7, which supplies phosphoric acid from vessel 2. Reactor 8 neutralizes phosphoric acid from vessel 2 with ammonia water from vessel
3. Fosforo rūgštis neutralizuojama amoniaku (amoniakiniu vandeniu) iki molinio santykio (ΝΗ3:Η3ΡΟ4) = 2. Tirpalo pH neutralizacijos produkte ~ 8. Siekiant išvengti amoniako nuostolių dėl temperatūros padidėjimo, kuris vyksta neutralizacijos reakcijoje išsiskiriant šilumai, amonio fosfato tirpalas turi būti aušinamas, t. y temperatūra reaktoriuje turi būti 50-60°C. Kalio fosfato ir amonio fosfato tirpalai sumaišomi reaktoriuje 9, į kurį iš bunkerio 5 pridedama karbamido ar amonio nitrato. Reaktoriuose turi būti maišyklės ir gyvatukai, skirti tirpalų aušinimui arba šildymui. Į reaktorius 7, 8, 9 iš indo 4 tiekiamas apskaičiuotas vandens kiekis, kuris yra būtinas susidariusių junginių ištirpimui. Iš reaktoriaus 9 siurbliu 11 skystosios kompleksinės trąšos pumpuojamos į standartizatorių 10, kur iš indo 6 galima pridėti reikiamą mikroelementų kieki, taip pat cirkuliuojant per 9 reaktorių išmaišyti trąšas. Iš reaktoriaus-standartizatoriaus 10 produktą pumpuoja į saugyklą 12, iš kurios skystosios kompleksinės trąšos kraunamos į autocisternas arba fasuojamos į 0,5-50 1 talpos indus.3. Phosphoric acid is neutralized with ammonia (ammonia water) to a molar ratio (ΝΗ 3 : Η 3 ΡΟ 4 ) = 2. pH of the solution in the neutralization product ~ 8. To avoid the loss of ammonia due to the increase in temperature due to the heat release of the neutralization reaction, the ammonium phosphate solution must be cooled, i.e. The temperature in the reactor should be 50-60 ° C. The potassium phosphate and ammonium phosphate solutions are mixed in reactor 9 to which urea or ammonium nitrate is added from bunker 5. Reactors must be equipped with stirrers and coils for cooling or heating solutions. Reactors 7, 8, 9 are supplied from vessel 4 with an estimated amount of water necessary to dissolve the resulting compounds. The liquid compound fertilizer is pumped from the reactor 9 by a pump 11 to a standardizer 10, where the required amount of trace elements can be added from the vessel 6, as well as the fertilizer being circulated through the reactor 9. From the reactor-standardizer 10, the product is pumped into a storage 12, from which liquid compound fertilizers are loaded onto road tankers or packed in containers of 0.5 to 50 liters.
Patentuojamų kompleksinių trąšų gamybai gali būti naudojamos tokios žaliavos: potašas, fosforo rūgštis, amoniako vanduo, karbamidas, amonio nitratas, chemiškai valytas vanduo.The following raw materials may be used in the production of patented compound fertilizers: potash, phosphoric acid, ammonia water, urea, ammonium nitrate, chemically treated water.
Skystųjų kompleksinių trąšų techninės charakteristikos gali būti nustatytos šiais būdais:The technical characteristics of liquid fertilizers may be determined by the following methods:
L- Azoto masė, % - formaldehidiniu, fotokolorimetriniu, Keldalio;L- Mass of nitrogen,% - formaldehyde, photochromimetric, Keldal;
2. Fosforo masė, % - fotokolorimetriniu;2. Mass of phosphorus,% - by photochromimetry;
3. Kalio masė, % - liepsnos fotometriniu;3. Potassium mass,% - by flame photometric;
4. Tankis - areometru;4. Density - with hydrometer;
5. Kinematinė klampa - viskozimetru;5. Kinematic viscosity - viscometer;
6. Lūžio rodiklis - refraktometru;6. Refractive index - Refractometer;
7. pH-pHmetru;7. pH-pH meter;
8. kristalizacijos temperatūra - vizualiniu politerminiu metodu.8. temperature of crystallization - by visual polythermic method.
Išradimo esmė iliustruojama pavyzdžiais. Pavyzdžių numeriai sutampa su lentelėje pateiktais eilės numeriais.The invention is illustrated by the following examples. The sample numbers correspond to the order numbers in the table.
Pavyzdys; 182 g potašo skaido 85 % koncentracijos fosforo rūgštimi, santykiu 1:1. Lygiagrečiai 33,5 g 85% koncentracijos fosforo rūgšties neutralizuoja 25 % koncentracijos amoniako vandeniu (40,6 g). Tirpalus sumaišo. Į gautą tirpalą prideda pagal medžiagų balansą apskaičiuotą karbamido kieki (223 g) ir 406 g vandens. Trąšų sudėtis pateikta lentelėje.Example; 182 g of potash is decomposed by 85% concentration of phosphoric acid in a ratio of 1: 1. In parallel, 33.5 g of 85% concentration of phosphoric acid is neutralized with 25% concentration of ammonia water (40.6 g). The solutions are mixed. Add to this solution a quantity of urea (223 g) and 406 g of water calculated on the basis of the material balance. The composition of fertilizers is given in the table.
Pavyzdys: 391,5 g .potašo skaido 327 g 85 % koncentracijos fosforo ' rūgšties, lygiagrečiai 39,2 g 85% koncentracijos fosforo rūgšties neutralizuoja 25 % koncentracijos amoniako vandeniu (46,2 g). Tirpalus sumaišo. Į gautą tirpalą prideda 102,5 g karbamido irExample: 391.5 g of potassium decomposes 327 g of 85% phosphoric acid, in parallel 39.2 g of 85% phosphoric acid neutralizes with 25% ammonia water (46.2 g). The solutions are mixed. To the resulting solution is added 102.5 g of urea and
140,6 g vandens. Prideda mikroelementų druskų: 3,0 g vario nitrato, 3,0 g cinko nitrato, 1,0 g mangano nitrato, 0,8 g kobalto nitrato, 1,3 g amonio molibdato, 2,4 g boro rūgšties. Trąšų sudėtis pateikta lentelėje.140.6 g of water. Adds trace element salts: 3.0 g copper nitrate, 3.0 g zinc nitrate, 1.0 g manganese nitrate, 0.8 g cobalt nitrate, 1.3 g ammonium molybdate, 2.4 g boric acid. The composition of fertilizers is given in the table.
Pavyzdys:Example:
Pavyzdys:Example:
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Pavyzdys:Example:
Pavyzdys:Example:
Pavyzdys:Example:
377.4 g potašo skaido 315,3 g 85 % koncentracijos fosforo rūgšties. Į gautą tirpalą prideda 135 g karbamido ir 302,6 g vandens. Prideda mikroelementų druskų: 3,0 g vario nitrato, 3,0 g cinko nitrato, 1,0 g mangano nitrato, 0,8 g kobalto nitrato, 1,3 g amonio molibdato, 2,4 g boro rūgšties. Trąšų sudėtis pateikta lentelėje.377.4 g of potash breaks down 315.3 g of 85% phosphoric acid. 135 g of urea and 302.6 g of water are added to the resulting solution. Adds trace salts: 3.0 g copper nitrate, 3.0 g zinc nitrate, 1.0 g manganese nitrate, 0.8 g cobalt nitrate, 1.3 g ammonium molybdate, 2.4 g boric acid. The composition of fertilizers is given in the table.
172.5 g potašo skaido 144,1 g 85 % koncentracijos fosforo rūgšties, lygiagrečiai 190,0 g 85% koncentracijos fosforo rūgšties neutralizuoja 224,1 g 25 % koncentracijos amoniako vandeniu. Tirpalus sumaišo. Į gautą tirpalą prideda 102,5 g karbamido ir 140,6 g vandens. Prideda mikroelementų druskų: 3,0 g vario nitrato, 3,0 g cinko nitrato, 1,0 g mangano nitrato, 0,8 g kobalto nitrato, 1,3 g amonio molibdato, 2,4 g boro rūgšties. Trąšų sudėtis pateikta lentelėje.172.5 g of potash dissolve in 144.1 g of 85% phosphoric acid, while 190.0 g of 85% phosphoric acid neutralize 224.1 g of 25% ammonia in water. The solutions are mixed. 102.5 g of urea and 140.6 g of water are added to the resulting solution. Adds trace salts: 3.0 g copper nitrate, 3.0 g zinc nitrate, 1.0 g manganese nitrate, 0.8 g cobalt nitrate, 1.3 g ammonium molybdate, 2.4 g boric acid. The composition of fertilizers is given in the table.
85,2 g potašo skaido 85 % koncentracijos fosforo rūgštimi, santykiu 0,5 : 1. 141 g 85 % koncentracijos fosforo rūgšties neutralizuoja 25 % koncentracijos amoniako vandeniu santykiu 1 : 2. Tirpalus sumaišo. Į gautą tirpalą prideda pagal medžiagų balansą apskaičiuotą karbamido (205 g) ir vandens (282 g) kiekį. Trąšų sudėtis pateikta lentelėje.85.2 g of potash is decomposed by 85% concentration of phosphoric acid in a ratio of 0.5: 1. 141 g of 85% concentration of phosphoric acid is neutralized with 25% concentration of ammonia water in a ratio of 1: 2. To the resulting solution is added urea (205 g) and water (282 g), calculated on the basis of the material balance. The composition of fertilizers is given in the table.
: 54,9 g potašo skaido 89,0 g 85 % koncentracijos fosforo rūgšties, lygiagrečiai 117,3 g 85% koncentracijos fosforo rūgšties neutralizuoja 138,1 g 25 % koncentracijos amoniako vandens. Tirpalus sumaišo. Į gautą tirpalą azoto kiekiui padidinti prideda 152 g amonio nitrato. Prideda mikroelementų druskų: 2,8 g vario nitrato, 3,0 g cinko nitrato, 1,0 g mangano nitrato, 0,8 g kobalto nitrato, 1,5 g amonio molibdato, 2,0 g boro rūgšties.Trąšų sudėtis pateikta lentelėje.: 54.9 g of potash dissolve in 89.0 g of 85% phosphoric acid, in parallel, 117.3 g of 85% phosphoric acid neutralize 138.1 g of 25% ammonia water. The solutions are mixed. 152 g of ammonium nitrate are added to the resulting solution to increase the nitrogen content. Contains trace elements salts: 2.8 g copper nitrate, 3.0 g zinc nitrate, 1.0 g manganese nitrate, 0.8 g cobalt nitrate, 1.5 g ammonium molybdate, 2.0 g boric acid.The composition of the fertilizer is given in the table .
94,0 g potašo skaido 78,6 g 85 % koncentracijos fosforo rūgšties, lygiagrečiai 10,4 g 85% koncentracijos fosforo rūgšties neutralizuoja 12,4 g 25 % koncentracijos amoniako vandeniu. Tirpalus sumaišo. Į gautą tirpalą prideda 277,1 g karbamido ir94.0 g of potash dissolve in 78.6 g of 85% phosphoric acid, in parallel 10.4 g of 85% phosphoric acid neutralize 12.4 g of 25% ammonia water. The solutions are mixed. To the resulting solution add 277.1 g of urea and
557,5 g vandens. Prideda mikroelementų druskų: 1,0g vario nitrato, 1,0g cinko nitrato, 1,0g mangano nitrato, 1,4g boro rūgšties. Trąšų sudėtis pateikta lentelėje.557.5 g of water. Adds trace elements salts: 1.0g copper nitrate, 1.0g zinc nitrate, 1.0g manganese nitrate, 1.4g boric acid. The composition of fertilizers is given in the table.
Skystųjų kompleksinių trąšų fizikinėms cheminėms savybėms įvertinti buvo ištirti visi pagamintų trąšų pavyzdžiai. Analizių rezultatai pateikti lentelėje.All samples of manufactured fertilizers were analyzed for the physico-chemical properties of liquid compound fertilizers. The results of the analyzes are shown in the table.
Lentelėje pateikti duomenys rodo, kad net esant didelei medžiagų koncentracijai (1-5 pavyzdžiai) išlieka žema kristalizacijos temperatūra. Azoto komponentu naudojant amonio nitratą (6 pavyzdys), ar esant mažiems kalio ir amonio fosfatų kiekiams (6-7 pavyzdys) fizikinės cheminės savybės skiriasi nežymiai, gaunama gana žema kristalizacijos temperatūra, tačiau žymiai mažesnė maisto medžiagų koncentracija.The data in the table show that the crystallization temperature remains low even at high concentrations (Examples 1-5). When using the nitrogen component as ammonium nitrate (Example 6) or at low levels of potassium and ammonium phosphate (Example 6-7), the physico-chemical properties are insignificant, resulting in a relatively low crystallization temperature but significantly lower nutrient concentration.
Patentuojamos skystosios kompleksinės trąšos skiriasi nuo prototipo žymiai didesne maisto medžiagų (azoto, fosforo, kalio) koncentracija, kuri siekia net 53 %. Be to, patentuojamose skystosiose kompleksinėse trąšose esant didesnei maisto medžiagų koncentracijai yra didesnis trąšų asortimentas (įvairesnis NPK santykis), todėl išsiplečia panaudojimo sritis. Šios trąšos yra skirtos daržovėms, vaismedžiams, gėlėms tręšti įvairiu augimo laikotarpiu. Skystųjų kompleksinių trąšų technologija nereikalauja sudėtingų įrengimų ir gali būti lengvai įdiegiama.The patented liquid compound fertilizer differs from the prototype by a significantly higher concentration of nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), which reaches up to 53%. In addition, patented liquid compound fertilizers at higher nutrient concentrations have a wider range of fertilizers (a wider range of NPK ratios), thus expanding the field of application. These fertilizers are intended for fertilizing vegetables, fruit trees, flowers at different growth periods. Liquid compound fertilizer technology requires no complicated equipment and can be easily installed.
<u >♦—* c OJ -2<u> ♦ - * c OJ -2
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LT99-093A LT4697B (en) | 1999-07-23 | 1999-07-23 | Liquid complex fertilizers and manufacture thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| LT99-093A LT4697B (en) | 1999-07-23 | 1999-07-23 | Liquid complex fertilizers and manufacture thereof |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| LT99093A LT99093A (en) | 2000-05-25 |
| LT4697B true LT4697B (en) | 2000-09-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| LT99-093A LT4697B (en) | 1999-07-23 | 1999-07-23 | Liquid complex fertilizers and manufacture thereof |
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Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1549941A1 (en) | 1988-02-29 | 1990-03-15 | Ионавское Производственное Объединение "Азот" Им.Хху Съезда Кпсс | Method of preparing liquid complex fertilizer |
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- 1999-07-23 LT LT99-093A patent/LT4697B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1549941A1 (en) | 1988-02-29 | 1990-03-15 | Ионавское Производственное Объединение "Азот" Им.Хху Съезда Кпсс | Method of preparing liquid complex fertilizer |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| V. N. KOČETKOV: "Proizvodstvo i primenenue židkich kompleksbijch udobrenij", pages: 296 |
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| LT99093A (en) | 2000-05-25 |
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