LT4425B - Thermodynamical aspiration valve - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the sphere of mechanics. The thermodynamic suction valve is used for cleaning fuel and regulating its supply to the carburettor and the carter two-stroke engine. The thermodynamic suction valve consists of a cord housing, mounted in between the gaskets of the carburettor and the carter. The valve consists of a hub, one end of which is cut at an angle and inserted into the housing. Additionally, it has a knuckle-connected valve on one end, which closes the end of the hub, inserted into the housing.

Description

The invention relates to a mechanic, more particularly to a thermodynamic aspiration valve, for controlling and regulating the supply of fuel to the carburettor and to the crankcase of a two-stroke engine.

The invention can be applied in the mechanical and automotive industries.

US-A-4 356 798 discloses a fuel feed control valve mounted in an internal combustion engine fuel feed conduit comprising a hollow body having a sleeve having one end housed within this housing and cut at an appropriate angle, a valve mounted at this end opening and a sealing channel in the hollow housing. This valve has no special means for holding the valve in the closed position, nor does it have any magnetic closing means.

US-A-5 390 633 discloses a thermodynamic aspiration valve for controlling fuel flow to a two-stroke engine crankcase. This valve consists of a sealing valve that closes or opens the sloping end of the hollow body of the valve. The damper is not made of ferromagnetic material and no magnetic means are used to hold the damper closed.

US-A-3,741,880 describes a valve having a plurality of valves mounted in a valve body. The valves are made of ferromagnetic material and are opened by an electromagnet mounted in the valve body. This valve does not have a sleeve with one end cut at an angle and the magnet's pulling force is not to close the valve but to open it.

In the now known two stroke engines, the piston opens and closes the aspiration port, so that the flow control of the mixture is symmetrical with respect to the two piston return positions.

The angle between the start of the aspiration opening and the piston return position is equal to the angle between the return position and the end of the aspiration opening.

In a typical two-stroke engine, the aspiration port is fully open with the camshaft rotated at 100-110 °. Half of the angle corresponds to the movement of the piston to the upper position, the other half corresponds to the piston return.

It has been noted that symmetric control of the fuel feed to the engine crankcase is not a good solution as the aspiration port should open much sooner and close later, which is not possible with the piston in its traditional position.

To avoid this inconvenience, the gas circulation was made independent of the movements of the piston and rotary gas flow control valve mounted on the camshaft.

This valve provides a symmetrical supply of fuel to the crankcase when the rotary plate opens and closes it.

The plate is cut at an angle that corresponds to the opening angle of the aspiration port, so fueling into the crankcase depends on the size of the aspiration port.

Other known solutions allow automatic control of the fuel supply by changing the crankcase pressure.

For this purpose, plate valves consisting of spring-loaded plates which are connected in parallel to each other are used.

The pressure in the crankcase causes this plate to shift in proportion to the pressure drop that allows the fuel to flow.

When pressure equilibrium is reached, the plates close the aspiration opening and prevent fuel from returning.

This type of system is based on the mechanical control of the fuel supply to the crankcase and, when rotary blades are used, the engine becomes more complex and increases its production costs.

Another disadvantage of these systems is that they only work accurately when the camshaft revolutions are strictly determined, which makes them virtually unworkable. As a result, such systems are practically not used in the engines of ring and rally cars.

If plate valves are used, their exact performance and durability will be at the expense of the materials of which they are made.

However, given that the plates are rigidly mounted, they do not withstand long-term stresses, deformation and wear, which often results in malfunctions that require frequent replacement.

In addition, the action of the plates due to internal reactions is characterized by limiting the slow flow of fuel to a level where increasing plate resistance prevents the flow of fuel when it is most needed.

In fact, the combustion chamber is filled with fuel that cannot be fully consumed, i.e. burn in one cycle for two strokes.

For these reasons, the application of two-stroke engines has subsequently been significantly reduced, despite the fact that they are inexpensive in design and economical in operation.

The above variants also have other drawbacks, such as the unresolved high fuel consumption and environmental pollution caused by two-stroke engines.

However, the main cause of pollutants emitted by two-stroke engines is incorrect fuel delivery during the duty cycle.

In fact, the combustion chamber is filled with fuel that cannot be fully consumed, i.e. burn in one cycle for two strokes.

The problem addressed by the present invention is to control the closing of the thermodynamic valve. Such a valve is opened and closed by the pressure differences that occur on different sides of the valve due to piston movement. The present invention provides magnetic means for closing the valve. They consist of a ferromagnetic damper that interacts with a permanent magnet mounted in the valve body. This solution dampens vibrations and qualitatively improves the return of the damper to the closed position.

The present invention avoids the above drawbacks and inconveniences by disclosing a thermodynamic aspiration valve which, when fitted to two-stroke engines, injects some of the fuel required for combustion, increases engine power by up to 50% and reduces combustion products by up to 50%.

This is implemented by a valve whose characteristics are described in the body of the definition.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are briefly described in the dependent claims.

The proposed solution of the present invention is based on the laws of thermodynamics (H.Faltin, Technische Thermodynamik, Berlin, 1961, V. R. Grundlach, "Einfuhrung in die Technische Thermodynamik", Zurich, 1947, A.Hall, E.lbele, Engineering Thermodynamics, Prentice Hali, 1960), the valve construction is simple and can be widely used.

According to the present invention, the thermodynamic aspiration valve consists of a hinged valve that closes an angle-cut bushing that operates on the principle of a Bendemann nozzle capable of resizing the aperture (as opposed to a Laval nozzle having a constant aperture), depending on the crankcase pressure. .

This avoids mechanical control of the fuel supply to the crankcase.

The fuel flowing through such a resizing nozzle forms a diasonic flow at sub-sonic velocity.

As a result, RankinHugoniot dynamic phenomena occur at the fuel inlet and the pressure reduction of the gas coefficient is adapted to any pressure drop.

The flow of the fuel mixture in the diasonin flow depends on the camshaft rotation speed. This fact prevents the flow from being separated from the walls of the aspiration tube.

The above phenomena prevent vortex formation and the flow of gas from the valve expands, preventing fuel from returning to the camshaft in full rotation cycle.

According to the present invention, the flow of fuel to the crankcase through the valve valve is vibrating (corresponding to kinetic gas theory).

The foregoing occurs within the camshaft revolutions. The shut-off valve, which closes the nozzle with variable size orifice, separates the fuel inlets into the crankcase, thereby providing several stroke cycles (two to ten, depending on engine displacement) for each cycle of the aspiration piston, increasing the energy level for each subsequent cycle. in relation to the former (catapult).

These cycles, which divide the piston aspiration motion into several periods, can be explained by the laws of physics. When the pressure drop in the crankcase reaches values above the mass of inertia of the vibrating damper, the latter is opened and the fuel mixture is injected into the crankcase.

According to the present invention, the pendulum movement of the valve is limited by a corresponding shock absorber mounted in the valve sleeve, which has elastic means adapted to dampen the valve strokes.

Therefore, when the damper opens, the damper strikes, bounces, closes and temporarily stops the fuel mixture.

However, during the return cycle, the valve collides with the fuel flow flowing through the nozzle according to Coulomb's law and uses the flow pressure.

In practice, it may also be the case that the valve closes gradually, so that according to Bernoulli's law the flow of the fuel mixture quenches faster than the pressure. This phenomenon, which occurs in the camshaft rotation in reverse compression mode during the full period, continues until the valve closes completely.

At this point, the pressure drop inside the crankcase overcomes the force that holds the damper in a stable position and the damper opens again, initiating a new cycle.

According to the main feature of the invention, the return movement of the valve is effected by a permanent magnet whose force closes the valve.

The aspiration valve made in accordance with the present invention has a direct effect on the efficiency of the two-stroke engine due to the thermodynamic laws it produces.

Tests led by the applicant showed a reduction in fuel consumption of up to 50% and an increase in engine power.

It was also found that the engine life increased, contrary to expectations, even with insufficient lubrication due to reduced fuel mixture feed.

The above phenomenon is due to the improved removal of combustion residues and the internal cooling intensity resulting from the smooth suppression of a mixture that works similarly to Linde liquids in freezers.

Therefore, a two-stroke engine equipped with a valve according to the invention does not overheat even at full charge at high ambient temperatures, nor does it exhibit spontaneous ignition effects. In addition, there are no serious defects in the spark plug electrode bridge, typical of two-stroke engines.

Finally, a significant increase in engine ductility was observed.

Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description, which is not to be construed as limiting the invention, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side sectional view of an aspiration valve;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the aspiration valve taken along line A-A.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the thermodynamic aspiration valve of a two-stroke engine comprises a housing 4 having an angled sleeve having a nozzle or neck 11, said housing being disposed between the cylinder or crankcase 1 and the carburettor 7 by inserting the respective spacers 8 and 12.

The valve 10 is angled at an appropriate angle above the neck 11. This valve 10 moves about an axis between a pair of pivots 5.

In addition, a weight 9 is mounted on the end of the damper 10, opposite to the pivots 5, the size of which depends on the technical characteristics of the engine.

As shown in Fig. 1, the valve 10 is provided and tilted at a predetermined angle, such as 45 °, to form a Bendemann nozzle with a variable-size orifice.

A spacer 6 is inserted between housing 4 and neck 11 along the edge of housing 4.

According to the present invention, the telescopic cushioning element 2 is mounted inside the housing 4. Such a cushioning element consists of a sleeve having a thread P ^er throughout the length of the sleeve which can be adjusted to accommodate it, and has a resilient member 3, such as a spring, which serves a dual function: cushioning provides pressure to this damper which closes damper 10.

Finally, the valve is secured to the engine housing and the carburettor by means of screws 13 (Fig. 2).

. This type of aspiration valve achieves the aforementioned benefits, and is easily adapted to any two-stroke engine with adjustable damping element 2 aperture.

This can achieve the ideal fuel fill of the crankcase.

The main feature of the invention is that the valve 10 is made of ferromagnetic material and the permanent magnet (not shown in the drawings) is located below the valve body 4.

Such a magnet creates a constant pulling force with respect to the damper 10 and pulls it into a closed position, dampens vibrations and improves damper return after impact to the damper.

In addition, the force of the magnetic field not only mechanically acts on the damper, it also electrostatically influences the chemical and physical composition of the fuel mixture flow, since a strong electrostatic field is induced at the edge of the damper vibrating in the magnetic field.

Such a field produces an electron acceleration effect that releases more loaded particles by splitting the air particles of the fuel mixture. Then, the main particles at the valve edge attract some of the particles having opposite charge which neutralize the particles at the valve edge.

Conversely, particles having the same charge as the particles at the edge of the valve are ejected and carry with them a portion of the mixture, thereby forming an electric vortex.

At the same time, the electrostatic field induced at the flap edge has a telltale sign with respect to the field induced between the spark electrodes, which emit a spark in ionized gas particles.

Opposite field charges cause electrostatic attraction and maximum condensation of the fuel charge particles around the spark plugs, either before or during the spark ignition. This saves fuel and increases engine power.

At the same time, the special inertness of the fuel particles with respect to electrostatic forces causes the removal of a portion of the electrical charges, which reduces their surface, strength and increases the diffusion coefficient. This reduces the burning time and increases the burning intensity.

Claims (4)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION A thermodynamic aspiration valve for controlling the supply of fuel and air from the carburettor to the crankcase of a two-stroke engine, consisting of a hollow body (4) arranged between the crankcase (1) and the carburetor (7) gaskets (8, 12), the end of which is placed inside the housing (4) and cut at a certain angle, and the valves (10) hinged at one end and capable of closing the end of the sleeve (11), characterized in that the valve (10) is made of ferromagnetic material and the magnet is mounted in the valve body (4) at a certain position relative to the valve (10) and is designed to provide this valve (10) with a pull force which causes the valve (10) to close the sleeve (11). 2. Valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve (10) has a weight (9) located on the opposite end of the valve (5) at the opposite end of the valve (10). 3. Valve according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it has means (2, 3) for limiting the movement of the valve (10) and for opening the size of the opening. 4. Valve according to claim 3, characterized in that said means (2, 3) comprise a telescopic damping element (2), at the end of which is arranged a resilient element, preferably a spring, which dampens the impact of the opening valve (10).