KR970004233Y1 - Appliance for preventing water from leaking through joint - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Waterproof structure of seam

1 is a perspective view showing a cooking state of a tunnel public segment

2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a segment using a conventional sealing material.

3 (a) and 3 (b) are cross-sectional views illustrating the operation of the waterproof structure using another sealing material in the related art.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the sealing member according to an embodiment of the present invention

(A), (b) is sectional drawing explaining the waterproof structure and operation | movement using the sealing material shown in FIG.

6 (a) to (t) are cross-sectional views of the sealing member according to another embodiment of the present invention, respectively.

7 is a cross-sectional view of another conventional sealing material

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

12-1 to 21: sealing material 13-1 to 21: expanded portion

14-1 to 21: non-expansion portion 15: projection

16: hollow part

The present invention relates to a waterproof structure of seams used for waterproofing joint surfaces and other seams of concrete secondary products such as shield segments, manholes and culvert boxes.

Conventionally, for example, in the construction material of a shield tunnel excavated underground, a large number of unitized segments 1 of concrete material constituting a partial inner wall surface of the tunnel are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. In the case of tunnel construction, each segment 1 thereof is closely connected and joined along both directions of the main wall circumference a of the tunnel and the longitudinal direction b of the tunnel.

In this manner, the four circumferences of the plate surface of each segment 10 have the front and rear flanges 2 and 3 along the circumferential wall circumference a, and the upper and lower flanges 4 and 5 along the longitudinal direction b. When the segments 1 are joined to each other by being molded in a frame shape, the adjacent flanges 2 and 3, and the flanges 4 and 5, respectively, overlap each other, and then the joining bolts 6 Tighten together and join.

In this case, it is necessary to waterproof the joints of the joint surfaces of the flanges overlapped with each other in order to prevent leakage of spring water near the tunnels into the tunnels. The strip | belt-shaped sealing material 8 is adhesively fixed to at least one flange surface which the sticking surface which is the outer wall surface opposes at least one of the flange surfaces.

By the way, as the conventional sealing material 8, a known water-expandable material, for example, a material in which the superabsorbent resin and the synthetic rubber are mixed and vulcanized is used, and the sealing material 8 is made of this material. In this way, the action of the seal material 8 serves to close the gap 7 tightly by expanding the seal material 8 by the deposition of the immersion W into the gap 7. Doing.

However, in the case of using the conventional single-shaped sealing material 8 by the single layer molding of the water-expandable material, the conventional sealing material 8 is weaker than the water-expandable ordinary non-expandable rubber and is also inferior in elasticity. In order to complete the so-called initial waterproofing before the expansion and expansion of the sealant material, it is necessary to form the sealant material thicker. However, not only the material cost increases but also the protruding surface of the sealant material 8 is different during transportation. Many accidents collide with the member and fall from the adhesive surface of the flange 4 of the segment 1.

In addition, when the sealing member 8 expands due to immersion W, the sealing member 8 becomes weaker, and the expansion member has a characteristic of expanding in three-dimensional direction, and in particular, of adjacent segments 1 in the lateral direction. It expands greatly in the gap direction of the connection cross section of the sealing material 8 continuous in the clearance gap 7 and the longitudinal direction. Therefore, when the position of the adjacent segment 1 changes its position due to vibration or the like, the portion of the expanded sealing member is torn or cracked and eventually breaks, and eventually the bonding surface between the sealing member 8 and the wall surface of the flange 4 is broken. This peeling caused a problem that the sealing material 8 fell off.

As a structure of the sealing material by preventing the difficulty of the conventional sealing material 8 (FIG. 2), the inventors have shown that FIG. 3 (a), (a) having a composite structure of the water-expandable material and the non-expandable rubber. b) The composite sealing material 9 was proposed and various experimental studies have been conducted.

The sealing material 9 according to the present invention is a structure in which the non-expandable portions 11 and 11 made of non-expandable rubber are provided on both sides of the band-shaped expansion portion 10 made of the water-expandable material in the center portion. When this sealing material 9 is used for the gap 7, the gap 7 changes from the state of FIG. 3 (a) to the state of FIG. In the state of FIG. (A), the water contacts only the non-expandable portion 11 and the water enters the expanded portion 10 so that a certain time is required until the expanded portion 10 is absorbed, expanded and waterproof. For this reason, there exists a problem which becomes easy to leak at the beginning of gap variation. Moreover, since the expansion part 10 of the middle part absorbs and expands, it pushes the non-expansion parts 11 and 11 on both sides in the width direction, so that the restriction in the width direction is weak compared to the longitudinal direction, There is also a problem that is easy to separate during the expansion.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, that is, the object of the present invention is effective by improving the expansion in the three-dimensional direction, which is the biggest drawback of the single seal material by the single-layer molding of the conventional water-expandable material. Waterproof structure of the seam using a composite sealant which achieves waterproofness and improves the adhesive strength on the surface of the patch, and also improves the waterproofness on the surface of the patch, and also improves the waterproofness caused by gaps in the seams. To provide.

Next, the configuration of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5 (a) and (b) corresponding to one embodiment.

In other words, in the present invention, the sealing surface 12-1a, which is the outer wall surface of the seal member 12-1, is bonded to at least one side of the opposite wall surface of the seam between the opposing wall surfaces 4 and 5 of the seam. In the waterproof structure of the joint, the seal member 12-1 is substantially in volume even in contact with the expanded portion 13, which is a water-expandable material having the property of expanding in volume by absorbing moisture. The non-expanded portion 14-1, which is made of non-expandable rubber having a characteristic of not changing, has a strip-like shape in which the non-expanded portion 14-1 is continuously laminated in the longitudinal direction, and the non-expanded portion 14-1 is the adhered surface 12-1a. ) Is partially exposed in the longitudinal direction, and its expanded portion 13-1 is opposite to both side portions of the sticking surface 12-1a of the non-expanded portion 14-1 and to the sticking surface 12-1a. The waterproof structure of the seam, characterized in that arranged in the outer portion.

According to the configuration of the present invention, since the non-expanded portion 14-1 is disposed near the central portion of the sticking surface 12-1a, it is possible to control the direction of expansion that is impossible in the conventional type shown in FIG. In addition, it is effective in the vertical direction and at the same time to improve the waterproof performance by maintaining the strength of the base material.

In addition, compared with the conventional structures of FIGS. 3A and 3B, expansion restrictions such as moving in the width direction can be strengthened, and the non-expanded portion 14-1 has a sticking surface 12-1a. The adhesive strength is maintained by partially exposing near the central portion of the surface, and the expanded portion 13-1 is also partially exposed to the sticking surface 12-1a, so that the waterproofness of the adhesive surface can be secured. The waterproof structure is achieved by a balanced composite seal material.

4 is a cross-sectional view of the seal member 12-1 used in the waterproof structure of the seam according to one embodiment, and FIGS. 5A and 5B are cross-sectional views illustrating the sealing operation of the waterproof structure in FIG.

The outer shape of this sealing material 12-1 is a simple strip shape.

In addition, when the width of the non-expanded portion 14-1 exposed on the sticking surface 12-1a becomes 10% or less of the width in relation to the maintenance of the adhesive strength and the securing of waterproofness, the sufficient adhesive strength is not obtained. If the width becomes 90% or more, it is impossible to secure waterproofness. Therefore, the total width of the non-expanded portion 14-1 is 10-90% of the width of the seal member 12-1, preferably 25-75. It is arrange | positioned so that it may become%.

When the thickness of the non-expanded portion 14-1 is less than 3% in relation to the direction control action of the expansion and the expansion capacity of the seal material, sufficient direction control cannot be achieved. As a result, it is impossible to expect effective waterproofing ability.

Therefore, the thickness of the non-expansion part 14-1 in the sticking surface 12-1a is arrange | positioned so that it may become 3-70%, preferably 5-50% of the thickness of the sealing material 12-1.

As shown in Figs. 5 (a) and 5 (b), when the gap of the seam changes from (a) to (b), the side of the expanded portion 13-1 is in contact with the water W from the beginning. In addition, due to the regulation action by the non-expanded portion 14-1 in the center of the sticking surface 12-1a, the waterproofness due to the gap variation is also good.

Moreover, since the inflation part 13-1 is arrange | positioned so that the non-expansion part 14-1 may be only a part of the sticking surface 12-1a, and encloses two directions, the whole surface of a sealing material can be utilized effectively.

In the seal member 12-1, the side opposite to the sticking surface 12-1a can also be bonded to the wall surface of the flange 5 by an adhesive.

6 (a) to (t) are cross-sectional views of the seal members 12-2 to 12-21 according to another embodiment of the present invention, respectively, and 13-2 to 13-21 are expanded portions, 14- 2 to 14-21 show unexpanded portions, respectively.

Each sealing material 12-2, 12-4, 12-6, 12-8, 12- of (a), (c), (e), (g), (i), (k) in said each Example 10, 12-12, 12-21 are portions inside the seal member of the non-expanded portions 14-2, 14-4, 14-6, 14-8, 14-10, 14-12, 14-21. It is T-shaped and trapezoidal, and is arranged in a wedge shape inside the inflation portions 13-2, 13-4, 13-6, 13-8, 13-10, 13-12, 13-21. . By such a structure, the expansion direction of the expanded portion is further regulated, and the bonding force between the expanded portion and the non-expanded portion is strengthened.

Moreover, each seal material 12-3, 12 of (b), (c), (d), (e), (h), (i), (r), (s), and (t) in each said embodiment. -4, 12-5, 12-6, 12-9, 12-10, 12-19, 12-20, and 12-21 are small projections (15) installed on the upper surface (opposite side of the patch). One to many protrusions 15 may be provided. By such a structure, when the seal member is disposed without any gap in the seam, the tightening force by the bolt and the nut is reduced and the initial waterproof is good.

In addition, each seal body (12-14, 12-15, 12-16, 12-17, 12-18) of said (m), (n), (o), (p), (q) in said each Example The hollow portion 16 is formed in each of the inflated portions to improve the elasticity when tightening and to save the inflated material. Seal material with tapered surface of trapezoidal shape (12-7 (f), 12-8 (g), 12-9 (h), 12-10 (i), 12-16 (o), 12-17 (p), 12-18 (q), 12-21 (t) having both sides of the upper surface as a curved surface, and 12-20 (s) having a trapezoidal cross section, also achieve the same purpose.

In the above embodiments, the respective seal members 12-11, 12-12, 12-13, and 12-18 in (j), (k), (l), and (q) are each unexpanded portions 14-. 11, 14-12, 14-13, and 14-18) are divided into a plurality and are provided at intervals on the adhesive surface. With such a structure, it is possible to further improve the balance between the adhesion strength and the waterproof property improvement on the adhesive surface depending on the state of use place.

Preferred effects achieved by the present invention will be observed with reference to the following comparative examples.

Example 1

The sealing material of thickness 6mm x width 20mm of the composite structure shown in FIG. 6 (b) was produced by extrusion processing, and the hydraulic test was done.

This sealing material was sandwiched between two spacers of forced annular flangers 3 mm after affixing 24 hours later by using an adhesive to two forced annular flanges having a groove of 3.5 mm in depth x 25 mm in width. When water was injected into the flange and immediately pressurized, the spacer was increased by 1 mm when no water leakage was observed at a water pressure of 10 kgf / cm 3, and when the leakage was confirmed, it was left for 24 hours and pressurized the next day. In this way, the leakage of the seams was examined.

After 7 days of water injection into the flange, a 6 mm spacer was inserted and pressurized, and no water leakage was observed at a water pressure of 10 kgf / cm 3.

Comparative Example 1

The sealing material of thickness 6mm x width 20mm of the composite structure shown in FIG. 7 was each extruded, and the same hydraulic test as Example 1 was performed.

7 days after the water injection into the flange, a 5 mm spacer was inserted and pressurized, and leakage was confirmed at a water pressure of 5 kgf / cm 3.

Example 2

The sealing material of thickness 3mm x width 31mm of the composite structure shown in FIG. 4 was produced by compression processing, and the hydraulic test was done.

This sealing material was fastened with a bolt of 5 mm to two forced annular flanges 24 hours after the attachment using two adhesive annular flanges having grooves having a depth of 3 mm x 31 mm width.

It was pressurized after 14 days of water injection into the flange and no leakage was observed at a water pressure of 10 kgf / cm 3.

Comparative Example 2

A seal material having a thickness of 3 mm x 31 mm in width of the single-piece structure shown in FIG. 2 was produced by extrusion processing, and the same hydraulic test as in Example 2 was conducted.

After 14 days of water injection into the flange, the sealant was released from the groove and leak was observed at 6 kgf / cm3 of water pressure.

As described above, according to the waterproof structure of the seam of the present invention, the composite material can improve the strength of the base material and regulate the expansion direction of the sealing material efficiently in the waterproof direction, and also firmly attach the sealing material. In addition, it is possible to bond securely, and furthermore, it is possible to obtain a definite waterproofing force on the abutment surface, and to improve the waterproofness resulting from the seam opening when the seam gap changes, and to obtain an effective waterproofing force.

Claims (12)

In the waterproof structure of the seam in which the sealing surface 12-1-21 on the outer wall surface of the seam between the opposing wall surfaces of the seam is adhere | attached on at least one surface of the opposing wall surface of the said seam, the said sealing material ( 12-1 to 21 are non-expandable, having the characteristics that the volume does not change substantially even in contact with the expanded portions 13-1 to 21, which are water-expandable materials having the property of expanding the volume by absorbing moisture. The non-expanded portions 14-1 to 21, which are made of rubber, have a strip-like shape in which they are continuously laminated in the longitudinal direction, and the non-expanded portions 14-1 to 21 are partially in the lengthwise direction on the sticking surface. The expansion portions 13-1 to 21 are continuously exposed and arranged on both sides of the abutment surfaces of the non-expansion portions 14-1 to 21 and on the outer side opposite to the abutment surface. Waterproof structure The seam-proof structure according to claim 1, wherein the non-expanded portions (14-1 to 21) are T-shaped. The seam-proof structure according to claim 1, wherein the expansion portions (13-1 to 21) have at least one protrusion (15) extending from the abutment surface in the other direction of the opposing surface. 2. The non-expanded portion (14-1) according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of non-expanded portions (14-1 to 21) are provided and each is bonded to the abutment surface, and the expanded portions (13-1 to 21) are the unexpanded portions (14-1). The waterproof structure of the seam, characterized by surrounding the ~ 21). The seam waterproof structure according to claim 1, wherein the expansion portions (13-1 to 21) have at least one hollow portion (16). 6. The waterproof structure of a joint according to claim 5, wherein at least one hollow portion (16) is provided in the expansion portions (13-1 to 21). 7. The waterproof structure of a joint according to claim 6, wherein said at least one hollow portion (16) is directly provided by said gluing surface. The seam-proof structure according to claim 1, wherein the expanded portions (13-1 to 21) are trapezoidal. The seam-proof structure according to claim 1, wherein the width of the non-expanded portions (14-1 to 21) is in a range of 10% to 90% of the full width of the seal member. 10. The waterproof structure according to claim 9, wherein the widths of the non-expanded portions (14-1 to 21) are 25% to 95% of the full width of the seal material. The seam-proof structure according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the non-expanded portions (14-1 to 21) is in the range of 3% to 70% of the total thickness of the seal member (12-1 to 21). 12. The waterproof structure according to Claim 11, wherein the thickness of the non-expanded portions (14-1 to 21) is 10% to 50% of the total thickness of the seal members (12-1 to 21).