KR970001452B1 - Method for treatment of sludge from acetylene synthesis - Google Patents

Method for treatment of sludge from acetylene synthesis Download PDF

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KR970001452B1
KR970001452B1 KR1019940003958A KR19940003958A KR970001452B1 KR 970001452 B1 KR970001452 B1 KR 970001452B1 KR 1019940003958 A KR1019940003958 A KR 1019940003958A KR 19940003958 A KR19940003958 A KR 19940003958A KR 970001452 B1 KR970001452 B1 KR 970001452B1
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calcium
sludge
water
carbide
synthesis
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KR950024986A (en
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강의식
주식회사현대금속
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주식회사 현대금속
강의식
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents

Abstract

Strongly alkaline sludge which is obtained by mixing calcium carbide with water is added with nitric acid to give calcium nitrate solution, which is mixed with caustic soda to give calcium hydroxide and sodium nitrate. The calcium hydroxide is contacted with carbon dioxide to give calcium carbonate. And the calcium nitrate solution from carbide sludge is mixd with alkaline dye waste water to give calcium hydroxide. This process contributes to lessening water pollution because of removing carbide sludge and strongly alkaline dye waste water entirely.

Description

칼슘카바이드와 물로 아세틸렌 합성때 발생하는 공해 슬러지 처리 및 칼슘화합물의 합성방법Pollution of Sludge and Synthesis of Calcium Compounds in Synthesis of Acetylene with Calcium Carbide and Water

본 발명은 칼슘카바이드와 물로 아세킬렌을 합성할 때 발생하는 공해 슬러지를 질산으로 중화시켜 질산칼슘 수용액을 얻고 이 과정에서 슬러지를 완전 무공해 처리하고 또한 이렇게 얻은 질산칼슘 수용액을 가성소다와 반응시켜 고순도의 소석회와 질산나트륨 수용액을 합성하며, 뿐만 아니라 이 고순도의 소석회로부터 탄산칼슘을 합성하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention neutralizes the pollution sludge generated when synthesizing acequilene with calcium carbide and water with nitric acid to obtain a calcium nitrate aqueous solution. In this process, the sludge is completely pollution-free and the resulting calcium nitrate aqueous solution is reacted with caustic soda. A method for synthesizing hydrated lime and an aqueous sodium nitrate solution, as well as for synthesizing calcium carbonate from this highly purified hydrated lime.

특히 본 발명에 의하여 카바이트 슬러지를 합성한 질산칼슘 수용액을 강알카리성 염색 폐수처리에 좋은 시약이 될 수 있다.In particular, the calcium nitrate aqueous solution synthesized by the carbide sludge according to the present invention can be a good reagent for strong alkaline dyeing wastewater treatment.

일반적으로 칼슘카바이트에 물을 가하여 아세틸렌가스를 합성할 때 발생되는 슬러지를 건조하여 분석하면 그 조성은 소석회 91%, 탄소 0.7%, 황 0.4% 기타 회분 7.9%로 구성되어 있다.In general, when sludge produced by synthesizing acetylene gas by adding water to calcium carbide is dried and analyzed, its composition consists of 91% of slaked lime, 0.7% of carbon, 0.4% of sulfur and 7.9% of ash.

따라서 물에 침전된 슬러지는 황이온으로 인한 유화수소의 심한 냄새를 수반하고, 소석회 수용액의 PH는 12 이상 되는 유독한 강알카리성 공해 물질이다.Therefore, the sludge precipitated in the water is accompanied by a severe smell of hydrogen sulfide due to sulfur ions, and the pH of the aqueous solution of slaked lime is a toxic strong alkaline pollutant of 12 or more.

현재까지 이 슬러지를 본 발명에서와 같이 완전 무공해 처리하여 앞에서 언급한 바와 같은 공업적으로 유용한 화합물을 합성하는 방법은 없었다.To date, there has been no method for synthesizing the industrially useful compounds as mentioned above by completely treating the sludge as in the present invention.

다만 특허공개번호 92-4282호에서와 같이 이 액상 슬러지에 생석회와 물을 첨가하여 PH 12 이상되게 하여 산성폐수를 처리하는 방법이 있었다.However, as disclosed in Patent Publication No. 92-4282, there was a method of treating acidic wastewater by adding quicklime and water to the liquid sludge to make the pH above 12.

그러나 이 방법으로 슬러지를 처리하는 것은 소석회의 매우 낮은 용해도(찬물에서 0.185, 더운물 0.077) 때문에 슬러지 처리 능률에서 매우 저조하여 단시일내에 대량의 슬러지를 무공해 처리하는 것은 불가능하였다.However, the treatment of sludge in this way is very poor in sludge treatment efficiency due to the very low solubility of slaked lime (0.185 in cold water, 0.077 in hot water), making it impossible to clean large quantities of sludge in a short time.

본 발명의 특징은 이 액상 슬러지를 공업용 질산으로 100% 용해하여 공해 슬러지를 완전하게 처리하고 액상 질소질 비료이고 본 발명에서 발명한 강알칼리성 염색폐수 처리 시약인 질산칼슘 수용액을 얻는 것이 1차 목적이다.It is a primary object of the present invention to dissolve this liquid sludge 100% with industrial nitric acid to completely treat the pollution sludge and to obtain an aqueous solution of calcium nitrate, which is a liquid nitrogenous fertilizer and a strong alkaline dye wastewater treatment reagent of the present invention.

이 반응은 격렬한 중화반응이므로 회전탱크에서 잘 섞어 주면 매우 빠른 속도로 반응이 끝나게 된다.This reaction is a violent neutralization reaction, so mixing well in the rotating tank will end the reaction very quickly.

질산칼슘의 용해도는 상온에서 266이고 뜨거운 물에서는 666으로 크게 증가한다.Solubility of calcium nitrate is significantly increased to 266 at room temperature and 666 in hot water.

따라서 중화반응으로부터 생기는 큰 반응열은 슬러지 용해 속도를 크게 높혀 준다.Therefore, the large heat of reaction from the neutralization reaction greatly increases the sludge dissolution rate.

이와 같은 방법으로 유독성 공해 슬러지를 매우 신속히 처리할 수 있는 것이 본 발명의 특별한 장점이다.It is a particular advantage of the present invention that the toxic pollution sludge can be treated very quickly in this way.

현재 이 공해 슬러지는 비싼 처리비용을 지불하고 전문처리업체에 처리의뢰하고 있으나 처리방법이 효과적이지 못하므로 본 발명외의 기존의 방법으로 아세틸렌을 생산하는 업체에서는 슬러지 처리에 큰 어려움을 겪고 있다.At present, this pollution sludge pays a high treatment cost and requests treatment to a specialized treatment company, but since the treatment method is not effective, the company producing acetylene by the conventional method other than the present invention has a great difficulty in treating the sludge.

질산칼슘은 수용성 비료, 방청제, 본 발명에서 연구된 소석회, 탄산칼슘의 기본 합성시약으로 사용됨은 물론 매우 강력한 흡습제이므로 질산칼슘 수용액을 건조하려 얻은 분말은 좋은 건조제로 쓸 수 있다.Calcium nitrate is used as a basic synthetic reagent of water-soluble fertilizer, rust inhibitor, lime and calcium carbonate studied in the present invention as well as a very powerful absorbent, so the powder obtained to dry the calcium nitrate aqueous solution can be used as a good desiccant.

이 슬러지는 90% 이상의 소석회를 함유하고 있으므로 높은 수율의 질산 칼슘을 합성할 수 있다.Since this sludge contains 90% or more of hydrated lime, high yields of calcium nitrate can be synthesized.

그리고 이 질산칼슘 수용액에 수산화나트륨(가성소다)를 가하면 수산화칼슘(소석회)이 순식간에 침전되고 그 여액은 질산나트륨 용액이다.When sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) is added to this aqueous solution of calcium nitrate, calcium hydroxide (calcined lime) precipitates in an instant and the filtrate is a sodium nitrate solution.

이렇게 고순도의 소석회를 합성하는 것은 경제적인 측면에서 가장 유리한 방법이다.Synthesis of high purity slaked lime is the most economical way.

뿐만아니라 가성소다가 주성분인 염색 감량폐수를 처리하는데 질산칼슘은 매우 효과적인 시약으로 상용될 수 있다.In addition, calcium nitrate can be used as a very effective reagent to treat dye-loss wastewater, which is caustic soda.

그리고 질산나트륨은 수용성 비료, 염색시약, 화약 및 담배 조연제로 사용된다.Sodium nitrate is used as a water-soluble fertilizer, dyeing reagent, gunpowder and tobacco aid.

이 고순도의 소석회는 해수로부터 수산화 마그네슘 형태로 마그네슘을 회수하는 좋은 시약으로 사용되는 공업적으로 매우 중요한 화합물이다.This high purity lime is an industrially important compound used as a good reagent to recover magnesium from seawater in the form of magnesium hydroxide.

또한 이 고순도의 소석회 수용액에 탄산가스를 통과시켜 고순도의 탄산 칼슘을 합성할 수 있다.In addition, high-purity calcium carbonate can be synthesized by passing a carbon dioxide gas through this high-purity limestone aqueous solution.

이렇게 합성한 고순도의 탄산칼슘은 제지공업, 식품첨가제 및 화장품 원료로 사용되는 중요한 화합물이다.The high purity calcium carbonate thus synthesized is an important compound used in the papermaking industry, food additives and cosmetic raw materials.

이상에서 설명한 바와 같이 본 발명은 공해 슬러지를 매우 신속하게 100% 무공해 처리할 뿐 아니라, 동시에 공업적으로 매우 중요한 화합물 질산 칼슘(Ca(NO3)2), 소석회[Ca(OH)2], 탄산칼슘(CaCO3), 질산나트륨(NaNO3)등을 고순도로 얻을 수 있기 때문에 일석이조의 기대효과를 갖고 있다.As described above, the present invention is not only 100% pollution-free treatment of pollution sludge very quickly, but also at the same time industrially important compounds calcium nitrate (Ca (NO 3 ) 2 ), calcined lime [Ca (OH) 2 ], carbonic acid Calcium (CaCO 3 ), sodium nitrate (NaNO 3 ), etc. can be obtained with high purity, so it has the expected effect of one stone two trillion.

이들 화합물 가운데 질산나트륨은 가성소다를 질산으로 중화시켜 공업적으로 합성하고 있다.Among these compounds, sodium nitrate is synthesized industrially by neutralizing caustic soda with nitric acid.

그러나 본 발명에서는 질산칼슘에 가성소자를 가하여 고순도의 소석회와 질산나트륨을 합성하고 있다.However, in the present invention, a caustic element is added to calcium nitrate to synthesize high purity lime and sodium nitrate.

현재 질산칼슘, 소석회 및 탄산칼슘을 합성하기 위하여 다음 공정을 필수적으로 거쳐야 한다.At present, the following process is essential for the synthesis of calcium nitrate, slaked lime and calcium carbonate.

즉 석회석을 광산에서 채굴하여 여러 단계의 분쇄과정을 거쳐서 석회석 분말을 얻는다.That is, limestone is mined in the mine to obtain limestone powder through several stages of grinding.

이 석회석 분말을 전기로에서 2000℃ 이상으로 가열하여 생석회(CaO)를 얻는다.This limestone powder is heated to 2000 ° C. or higher in an electric furnace to obtain quicklime (CaO).

이 생석회에 물을 가하여 소석회(수산화칼슘)를 얻고 이 소석회 분말을 물에 분산시켜 소석회유를 만들고, 여기에 탄산가스를 통과시켜 탄산칼슘을 얻는다.Water is added to this quicklime to obtain hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide), and the powdered limestone is dispersed in water to form hydrated lime oil, which is passed through carbon dioxide to obtain calcium carbonate.

이와 같은 방법으로 질산칼슘, 수산화칼슘 및 탄산칼슘을 합성하는데 많은 인건비와 다단계 분쇄과정에서 수반되는 많은 기계적 에너지를 필요로 하며 또한 전기로에서 고온가열에 높은 전기적 에너지를 소모하므로 이들 세가지 화합물의 생산원가는 높아지고 엄청나게 높은 공정 시설비를 부담하여야 한는 단점을 지니고 있다.In this way, the synthesis of calcium nitrate, calcium hydroxide and calcium carbonate requires a lot of labor cost and a lot of mechanical energy involved in the multi-stage grinding process, and also consumes high electrical energy for high temperature heating in the electric furnace, resulting in high production cost of these three compounds. It has the disadvantage of having to pay an enormously high process cost.

이와 반대로 본 발명에서는 카바이트 슬러지를 질산으로 완전히 녹여서 질산칼슘 수용액을 얻고, 이 용액으로부터 고순도의 수산화칼슘, 질산나트륨 및 탄산나트륨을 합성한다.On the contrary, in the present invention, the carbide sludge is completely dissolved in nitric acid to obtain an aqueous calcium nitrate solution, from which the high purity calcium hydroxide, sodium nitrate and sodium carbonate are synthesized.

따라서 앞에서 언급한 바와 같은 석회석 채광, 다단계 분쇄 및 전기로에서 고온 가열 과정은 전혀 필요로 하지 않는다.Therefore, no high temperature heating process is required in limestone mining, multistage grinding and electric furnaces as mentioned above.

그러므로 이들 화합물의 합성원가는 기존의 합성방법과는 비교가 안될 정도로 저렴하다.Therefore, the synthesis cost of these compounds is inexpensive incomparable with existing synthetic methods.

더욱이 공해 슬러지 완전처리는 물론 강알카리성의 염색 감량 폐수를 처리할 수 있는 질산칼슘을 대량으로 합성할 수 있어 수질오염을 방지하는데 본 발명이 크게 기여할 것이다.Furthermore, the present invention will greatly contribute to the prevention of water pollution since it is possible to synthesize a large amount of calcium nitrate capable of treating the pollution sludge as well as the strong alkaline dyeing wastewater.

본 발명의 실시예를 공정별로 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.An embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail by process.

실시예Example

질산칼슘의 합성공정(제1공정)Synthesis process of calcium nitrate (first process)

(1) 아세틸렌 생산 공장에서 가져온 졸 상태의 슬러지 약 2.3kg을 진공여과기에 넣고 약 1시간동안 감압여과 시킨다.(1) Put about 2.3 kg of sol sludge from acetylene production plant into a vacuum filter and filter under reduced pressure for about 1 hour.

이때 여과 용액의 무게는 300g, 부피는 298㎖ 그리고 비중은 0.9이다.At this time, the weight of the filtrate is 300g, the volume is 298mL and the specific gravity is 0.9.

이 여과용액의 Ca2+농도는 9.32×10-3이고, PH=12.08인 수산화칼슘 수용액이다.The Ca 2+ concentration of this filtrate is 9.32 × 10 −3 , which is an aqueous calcium hydroxide solution with a PH of 12.08.

수분을 제거한 슬러지의 무게는 1.85kg이다.The dewatered sludge weighs 1.85 kg.

(2)이렇게 얻는 1.85kg의 슬러지를 스텐레스 스틸 잔에 넣고 14.9M HNO30.3356ℓ에 증류수를 가하여 5M HNO35ℓ를 붓는다.(2) do get into the sludge of 1.85kg in a stainless steel cup pour 5M HNO 3 5ℓ ml of distilled water to 14.9M HNO 3 0.3356ℓ.

이때 내용물 전체 무게는 7.55kg이다.The total weight of the contents is 7.55kg.

이 슬러지를 담은 잘은 밀스탠드에 올려서 rpm 30으로 4시간 동안 회전시켜 이 슬러지속에 포함된 약 92%의 소석회를 질산으로 완전히 중화시킨다.The sludge containing well is placed on a mill stand and rotated for 4 hours at 30 rpm to completely neutralize about 92% of the slaked lime contained in the sludge with nitric acid.

이때 내용물 전체 부피는 6.5ℓ이다.The total volume of the contents is 6.5 l.

(3) 이것을 감압여과기에 넣고 30분동안 진공펌프를 감압여과 한다.(3) Put it into the vacuum filter and vacuum filter the vacuum pump for 30 minutes.

이때 여과된 질산칼슘 수용액의 무게는 7.15kg, 부피 5.9ℓ, 비중 1.24,, PH=5.0이고 Ca2+의 농도는 2.176M이다.At this time, the weight of the filtered calcium nitrate aqueous solution is 7.15kg, volume 5.9ℓ, specific gravity 1.24 ,, PH = 5.0 and the concentration of Ca 2+ is 2.176M.

이렇게 하여 2.176M Ca(NO3)2를 합성한다.Thus, 2.176 M Ca (NO 3 ) 2 is synthesized.

이때 PH=5.0는 (1)항에서 얻는 PH=12.08인 Ca(OH)2수용액으로 중화시켜 PH=7의 중성용액으로 만들어 놓는다.At this time, PH = 5.0 is neutralized with Ca (OH) 2 aqueous solution having PH = 12.08 obtained in (1) to make neutral solution with PH = 7.

수산화칼슘 및 질산나트륨 합성공정(제2공정)Calcium hydroxide and sodium nitrate synthesis process (2nd process)

(1) 43.52g의 NaOH를 증류수 250㎖에 녹여서 4.352M NaOH 수용액을 만든다.(1) Dissolve 43.52 g of NaOH in 250 ml of distilled water to form a 4.352 M NaOH aqueous solution.

(2) 제1공정의 (3)항에서 합성한 2.176M Ca(NO3)2수용액 100㎖에 이렇게 만든 4.352M NaOH 100㎖를 가하면서 마그네틱바로 잘 섞어 주면 매우 빠른 속도로 수산화칼슘 침전을 얻을 수 있다.(2) To 100 ml of 2.176M Ca (NO 3 ) 2 aqueous solution synthesized in (3) of the first step, add 100 ml of 4.352M NaOH, and mix it well with a magnetic bar. have.

이것을 감압여과한 후 진공오븐에서 건조시켜 평량하면 23.36g의 Ca(OH)2를 얻을 수 있다.This was filtered under reduced pressure and dried in a vacuum oven to give a basis weight of 23.36 g of Ca (OH) 2 .

이때 여과액 168㎖는 NaNO3결정을 얻는다.At this time, 168 mL of the filtrate obtained NaNO 3 crystals.

탄산칼슘의 합성공정(제3공정)Synthesis process of calcium carbonate (3rd process)

제2공정의 (2)항에서 합성한 Ca(OH)29.2g에 물 100㎖ 가하여 소석회유를 만들어 약 5시간 정도 CO2를 통과시켜서 CaCO3침전을 얻고 이것을 감압여과한 후 건조시켜 9.32g의 CaCO3결정을 얻는다.100 ml of water was added to 9.2 g of Ca (OH) 2 synthesized in step (2) of the second step, and calcined lime oil was passed through CO 2 for about 5 hours to obtain CaCO 3 precipitate, which was filtered under reduced pressure and dried to 9.32 g Get CaCO 3 crystals.

질산칼슘과 CO2가스를 이용한 염색감량폐수 정화공정(제4공정)Dye weight loss wastewater purification process using calcium nitrate and CO 2 gas (Step 4)

NaOH가 주성분인 염색감량 폐수는 제2공정의 (2)항에서 설명한 Ca(OH)2및 NaNO3합성법을 이용하여 정화시킬 수 있다.The dye-loss wastewater containing NaOH as a main component can be purified using the Ca (OH) 2 and NaNO 3 synthesis methods described in section (2) of the second step.

5.51M NaOH를 포함한 염색감량 폐수 100㎖에 2.176M Ca(NO3)2100㎖를 가하여 잘 저어 준다.100 ml of 2.176 M Ca (NO 3 ) 2 is added to 100 ml of the dye-reducing wastewater containing 5.51 M NaOH.

이때 Ca(OH)2침전이 생긴다.At this time Ca (OH) 2 precipitation occurs.

그리고 이 용액 PH=12.8이다.And this solution PH = 12.8.

이 용액에 CO2를 통과시키면 빠른 시간내에 PH=7의 중성용액을 얻게 된다.Passing CO 2 through this solution yields a neutral solution with a pH of 7 in a short time.

이것은 다음 반응으로 쉽게 설명할 수 있다.This can easily be explained by the following reaction.

Ca(NO3)2+2NaOHCa(OH)2+2NaNO32NaNO3+H2CO3 Na2CO3+ 2HNO3 Ca (NO 3 ) 2 + 2NaOH Ca (OH) 2 +2 NaNO 3 2NaNO 3 + H 2 CO 3 Na 2 CO 3 + 2HNO 3

이 반응에서 보는 바와 같이 CO2가 물에 녹아 H2CO3로 되어 NaNO3와 반응하여 강산인 HNO3가 생기므로 소량의 CO2가스로 PH는 수식간에 떨어져서 쉽게 중화된다.As shown in the reaction CO 2 is dissolved in the water is in H 2 CO 3 Because react with NaNO 3 animation is a strong acid of HNO 3 PH with a small amount of CO 2 gas is easily neutralized off between formulas.

Claims (2)

칼슘카바이트에 물을 가하여 아세틸렌을 합성할 때 발생하는 강알카리성 공해 슬러지를 질산으로 중화시켜 질산칼슘을 합성하고 이 질산칼슘 수용액에 가성소다를 가하여 수산화칼슘과 질산나트륨을 합성하고, 이 수산화칼슘으로 수산화칼슘액을 만들어서 탄산가스를 통과시켜 탄산칼슘을 합성하여 칼슘카바이드와 물로 아세틸렌 합성때 발생하는 공해 슬러지 처리 및 칼슘화합물의 합성방법.Neutralize the strong alkaline pollution sludge produced by adding water to calcium carboxylate with nitrate to synthesize calcium nitrate. A method of synthesizing calcium sludge and the synthesis of calcium compounds generated during the synthesis of acetylene with calcium carbide and water by synthesizing calcium carbonate by passing carbon dioxide gas. 제1항에 있어서, 카바이트 슬러지로부터 합성한 질산칼슘용액을 강알카리성 염색감량 폐수에 의하여 수산화칼슘을 합성하며 이 과정에서 탄산가스를 가하여 PH=7의 중성용액으로 만들어 염색폐수를 정화하는 칼슘카바이드와 물로 아세틸렌 합성때 발생하는 공해 슬러지 처리 및 칼슘화합물의 합성방법.The method according to claim 1, wherein the calcium nitrate solution synthesized from the carbide sludge is synthesized by strong alkaline dyeing wastewater, and calcium carbide and water are used to purify the dyeing wastewater by adding carbonic acid gas to neutral solution of PH = 7. Pollution sludge treatment and synthesis of calcium compounds.
KR1019940003958A 1994-02-26 1994-02-26 Method for treatment of sludge from acetylene synthesis KR970001452B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101125399B1 (en) * 2004-12-20 2012-03-27 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 Method for preparing calcium based material

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101125399B1 (en) * 2004-12-20 2012-03-27 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 Method for preparing calcium based material

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