KR960013541B1 - Battery voltage detector - Google Patents

Battery voltage detector Download PDF

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KR960013541B1
KR960013541B1 KR1019930022455A KR930022455A KR960013541B1 KR 960013541 B1 KR960013541 B1 KR 960013541B1 KR 1019930022455 A KR1019930022455 A KR 1019930022455A KR 930022455 A KR930022455 A KR 930022455A KR 960013541 B1 KR960013541 B1 KR 960013541B1
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South Korea
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voltage
battery
differential amplifier
switching
battery voltage
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KR1019930022455A
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Korean (ko)
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KR950012961A (en
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김재호
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엘지전자 주식회사
구자홍
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/165Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
    • G01R19/16533Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
    • G01R19/16538Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
    • G01R19/16542Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries

Abstract

a first differential amplifying part(1) amplifying the voltage of a battery; a second differential amplifying part(2) amplifying the voltage amplified in the first differential amplifying part(1) by comparing with a reference voltage; a voltage window connection switching part(5) switching a voltage window connection with multiple steps; a voltage window connecting part(4) outputting the reference voltage of the second differential amplifying part(2); and a micom(3) detecting the voltage of the battery by inputting the output of the second differential amplifying part(2).

Description

배터리 전압검출장치Battery voltage detector

제1도는 일반적인 배터리의 충전시간과 -△V 관계 특성도.1 is a characteristic diagram of a charging time and -ΔV of a typical battery.

제2도는 일반적인 배터리의 충전에 따른 전압 및 온도 관계 특성도.2 is a characteristic diagram of voltage and temperature according to charging of a general battery.

제3도는 종래의 배터리 전압검출장치.3 is a conventional battery voltage detection device.

제4도는 제3도에 따른 배터리 전압과 마이콤 입력전압 관계도.4 is a relationship between the battery voltage and the microcomputer input voltage according to FIG.

제5도는 본 발명의 배터리 전압검출장치 구성도.5 is a block diagram of a battery voltage detection device of the present invention.

제6도는 본 발명에 따른 배터리 전압과 마이콤 입력전압 관계도.6 is a relationship between the battery voltage and the microcomputer input voltage according to the present invention.

제7도는 본 발명과 종래의 마이콤 입력전압 비교도.7 is a comparison of the present invention and the conventional microcomputer input voltage.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호 설명* Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1 ,2 : 차동증폭부 3 : 마이콤1,2: differential amplifier 3: microcomputer

4 : 전압 윈도우 절환부 5 : 전압윈도우 절환스위칭부4: voltage window switching unit 5: voltage window switching unit

본 발명은 배터리(Battery) 충전기의 배터리 전압검출장치에 관한 것으로, 특히 배터리의 만충전감지를 위해 필수적인 배터리 미소전압변화를 정밀하게 검출할 수 있도록 한 것이다.The present invention relates to a battery voltage detection device of a battery charger, in particular, to enable the precise detection of battery microvoltage change, which is essential for the full charge detection of the battery.

일반적으로 배터리의 충전특성은 제1도와 같이 충전시간에 비례하여 배터리 전압이 상승하고 과충전이 되면 급격하게 배터리 전압이 떨어진다.In general, as shown in FIG. 1, the charging characteristic of the battery increases in proportion to the charging time, and when the overcharging occurs, the battery voltage suddenly drops.

따라서, 배터리의 만충전을 감지하기 위해서는 충전시간과 배터리의 전압 특성을 정확히 감지할 필요성이 있으며, 배터리의 충전에 따른 배터리 온도 변화는 제2도와 같이 만충전이 되고 과충전이 되면 온도가 급격기 증가하여 배터리가 파괴된다. 종래의 배터리 전압검출장치를 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.Therefore, in order to detect the full charge of the battery, it is necessary to accurately detect the charging time and the voltage characteristics of the battery, and the battery temperature change according to the charging of the battery becomes full charge as shown in FIG. The battery is destroyed. A conventional battery voltage detection apparatus will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

제3도는 종래의 배터리 전압검출장치 구성도이고 제4도는 제3도에 따른 배터리 전압과 마이콤 입력전압 관계도로써, 종래의 배터리 전압검출장치는 제3도와 같이 저항(R1∼R4), 차동증폭기(OP1)로 이루어져 배터리의 전압(VB)을 증폭하는 제1차동증폭부(1)와, 저항(R5∼R8), 차동증폭기(OP2)등으로 이루어져 제1차동증폭부(1)의 출력과 기준전압과의 차를 증폭하는 제2차동증폭부(2)와, 제2차동증폭부(2)의 출력을 입력하여 배터리 전압을 검출하는 마이콤(3)으로 구성된다.FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a conventional battery voltage detector, and FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between the battery voltage and the microcomputer input voltage according to FIG. 3. The conventional battery voltage detector includes resistors R 1 to R 4 , and the first differential amplifier unit (1) which consists of a differential amplifier (OP 1) amplifies the voltage (V B) of the battery, a resistance (R 5 ~R 8), a differential amplifier (OP 2) made of such a first differential amplifier And a second differential amplifier 2 for amplifying the difference between the output of the unit 1 and the reference voltage, and a microcomputer 3 for inputting the output of the second differential amplifier 2 to detect the battery voltage. .

이와같이 구성된 종래의 배터리 전압검출장치의 동작은 다음과 같다.The operation of the conventional battery voltage detection device configured as described above is as follows.

즉, 제3도에서 제1차동증폭부(1)의 출력전압(V1)은 R1=R3, R2=R4라고 가정하면That is, in FIG. 3 , it is assumed that the output voltage V 1 of the first differential amplifier 1 is R 1 = R 3 , R 2 = R 4 .

가 된다.Becomes

그리고, 제2차동증폭부(2)에서 출력되어 마이콤(3)에 입력된 전압(K)은Then, the voltage K output from the second differential amplifier 2 and input to the microcomputer 3 is

가 된다.Becomes

따라서, 저항(R1∼R8)의 값을 조정하면 제4도와 같은 배터리 전압(VB)과 마이콤(3)의 입력전압(K)의 관계를 얻을 수 있다.Therefore, by adjusting the values of the resistors R 1 to R 8 , the relationship between the battery voltage V B as shown in FIG. 4 and the input voltage K of the microcomputer 3 can be obtained.

이때 그래프의 기울기는The slope of the graph is

가 된다.Becomes

그러나 이와같은 종래의 배터리 전압검출장치에 있어서는 만충전을 정확하게 감지하기 위해서는 만충전시는 미소전압변화를 검출해야 하는데 그 전압은 셀당 10mV 내외로 극히 적은 전압변화이다.However, in the conventional battery voltage detector, in order to accurately detect the full charge, a small voltage change must be detected during the full charge, and the voltage is extremely small, around 10 mV per cell.

따라서 만충전을 위해 감지해야 하는 전압이 셀당 10mV라고 가정하면, 기울기가이므로,Therefore, assuming that the voltage to be sensed for full charge is 10 mV per cell, the slope Because of,

이다.to be.

그러므로, 마이콤의 입력전압(K)에 -△V값으로 62.5mV 이상 감지되어야 한다.Therefore, the input voltage K of the microcomputer should be sensed more than 62.5mV by -ΔV value.

여기서, 마이콤의 입력전압(K)값을 8비트(bit) RAM에 저장한다고 가정할 경우 최하위 1비트의 변화는 19.53mV이다(5000mV÷28(256)=19.53mV).Here, assuming that the input voltage K of the microcomputer is stored in an 8-bit RAM, the change of the least significant 1 bit is 19.53 mV (5000 mV ÷ 2 8 (256) = 19.53 mV).

즉, 625mV를 감지하기 위해서는 2진수로 100(2)값 이상의 변화가 나타나야 한다(19.53×362.5mV19.53×4).In other words, in order to detect 625mV, a change of more than 100 (2) should be shown in binary (19.53 × 362.5mV19.53 × 4).

100(2)값의 변화는 78.12mV로 배터리 전압이 만충전후 과충전상태로 -△V가 62.5mV 지점에서 완료상태로 감지되지 못하고 78.12mV 지점에서 감지되므로 Cell×10mV:62.5mV=Cell×X:78.12mV ∴X=12.49mV에서 셀당 12.48mV 변화되는 지점에서 만충전이 감지되므로 배터리에 손상을 주는 과대한 충전과 배터리 온도상승을 가져오는 문제점이 있었다.The change in the value of 100 (2) is 78.12mV, which means that the battery voltage is overcharged after full charge.-△ V is not detected as complete at 62.5mV, but at 78.12mV. Since full charge is detected at a change of 12.48mV per cell at 78.12mV ∴X = 12.49mV, there is a problem of overcharging and damaging the battery.

본 발명은 이와같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출한 것으로서, 배터리의 미소전압변화를 정밀하게 검출하여 배터리의 만충전을 정확하게 감지하는데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and the object of the present invention is to precisely detect the small voltage change of the battery and accurately detect the full charge of the battery.

이와같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명을 첨부된 도면을 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.When explaining the present invention for achieving the above object with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows.

제5도는 본 발명의 배터리 충전전압검출장치 회로도이고, 제6도는 본 발명에 따른 배터리 전압과 마이콤 입력전압 관계도로써, 먼저 본 발명의 배터리 전압검출장치는 저항(R1∼R4), 차동증폭기(OP1)등으로 이루어져 배터리의 전압을 증폭하는 제1차동증폭부(1)와, 저항(R5∼R8), 차동증폭기(OP2)등으로 이루어져 제1차동증폭부(1)의 출력과 기준전압과의 차를 증폭하여 출력하는 제2차동증폭부(2)와, 제2차동증폭부(2)의 출력을 입력하여 배터리 전압을 검출하는 마이콤(3)과, 저항(R10∼R11), 트랜지스터(Q1∼Q2)등으로 이루어져 전압윈도우 절환을 하기 위한 스위칭을 하는 전압윈도우 절환스위칭부(5)와, 저항(R9,R13) 증폭기(OP3)등으로 이루어져 상기 전압윈도우 절환스위칭부(5)의 스위칭 상태에 따라 전압윈도우 절환을 하여 상기 제2차동증폭부(2)의 기준전압으로 출력하는 전압윈도우 절환부(4)를 포함하여 구성된다.The fifth and turning the battery charging voltage detector circuit of the present invention, in the sixth turning the battery voltage and also as a microprocessor input voltage relationship in accordance with the present invention, first, a battery voltage detecting device according to the present invention is the resistance (R 1 ~R 4), the differential The first differential amplifier 1 consists of an amplifier OP 1 and amplifies the voltage of the battery, the resistors R 5 to R 8 , the differential amplifiers OP 2 , and the like. A second differential amplifier 2 for amplifying and outputting a difference between the output of the amplifier and the reference voltage, a microcomputer 3 for detecting the battery voltage by inputting the output of the second differential amplifier 2, and a resistor R 10 to R 11 ), transistors (Q 1 to Q 2 ), etc., for switching the voltage window, and for switching the voltage window switching unit 5, resistors R 9 and R 13 , amplifiers OP 3 , etc. The second differential amplifier (2) by switching the voltage window according to the switching state of the voltage window switching switching unit (5) ( And a voltage window switching unit 4 outputting the reference voltage of 2).

먼저, 제1차동증폭부(1)의 출력전압(V1)은 R1=R3, R2=R4라고 가정하면 배터리 전압(VB)과의 관계식이First, assuming that the output voltage (V 1 ) of the first differential amplifier 1 is R 1 = R 3 , R 2 = R 4 , the relationship with the battery voltage (V B ) is expressed.

V1=R2/R1·VB………………………………………………………(1)V 1 = R 2 / R 1 · V B ... … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … (One)

가 된다. 이때 마이콤(3)의 입력전압(K)은Becomes At this time, the input voltage (K) of the microcomputer (3)

가 된다.Becomes

여기서, 전압(V2)은 윈도우 절환스위칭부(5)의 트랜지스터(Q1∼Q2) 온/오프에 따라 달라진다.Here, the voltage V2 varies depending on on / off of the transistors Q 1 to Q 2 of the window switching switching unit 5.

첫째, 트랜지스터(Q1∼Q2)가 오프일 경우First, when the transistors Q 1 to Q 2 are off

둘째, 트랜지스터(Q1)는 온이고, 트랜지스터(Q2)는 오프일 경우Second, when transistor Q 1 is on and transistor Q 2 is off

셋째, 트랜지스터(Q1)는 오프이고, 트랜지스터(Q2)가 온일 경우Third, when transistor Q 1 is off and transistor Q 2 is on

가 되고, 상기의 식(3,4,5)에서 R9R10R11R12이면 식(3)식(4)식(5)의 관계식이 성립하고, R1∼R12의 값을 선정하면 제6도와 같은 특성을 얻을 수 있다.If R 9 R 10 R 11 R 12 in the above formula (3,4,5), the relational expression of formula (3) and formula (5) is established, and the value of R 1 to R 12 is selected. In this case, the characteristics as shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained.

그러므로, 배터리 전압변화를 3분할 했을 경우에 만충전을 위해 셀당 10mV 이상되는 지점을 검출하려면Therefore, if the battery voltage change is divided into three, the point of detection of 10 mV or more per cell for full charge is required.

이므로 마이콤의 입력단자(K)에 입력되는 -△V값으로 187.3mV이상 감지되어야 한다.Therefore, more than 187.3mV should be detected as-△ V value input to the input terminal (K) of the microcomputer.

결국, 187.5mV 이상은 램 데이타값으로는 1010(2)의 변화인 195.3mV가 검출되었을 때 만충전 인식이 가능하고 이 변화값은 실제 셀당 10.4mV의 변화이다.As a result, when 185.3 mV or more is detected as 195.3 mV, which is a change of 1010 (2), the full charge recognition is possible, and the change is actually 10.4 mV per cell.

이 값은 Cell×10mV : 187.5mV=Cell×X:195.3mVThis value is Cell × 10mV: 187.5mV = Cell × X: 195.3mV

∴X=10.4mV로 얻어진다.X = 10.4mV.

즉, 셀이 10개일 경우 제7도와 같이 본 발명에서는 104mV(-△V)되는 지점에서 만충전을 감지할 수 있어 종래의 회로에서는 124.8mV에서 감지되므로 만충전 감지가 더 정확하여진다.That is, in the case of 10 cells, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, the full charge can be detected at a point of 104 mV (-ΔV), and thus the full charge detection is more accurate since it is detected at 124.8 mV in the conventional circuit.

이와같이 윈도우 절환을 2회하였을 경우로 윈도우 절환 횟수를 늘리는 경우 (R9∼R12)을 세분화하고 윈도우 절환용 트랜지스터를 추가함으로써, 용이하게 할 수 있으며, 전압윈도우 절환 횟수를 늘려 해상도를 높이는 것이 가능하므로 배터리 만충전을 감지하기 위한 -△V 방식이나 첨두치 전압검출방식등에 적용할 경우 윈도우 절환 횟수를 N이라 하면 종래의 회로보다 (N+1)배의 해상도를 얻을 수 있다.In this way, when the window switching frequency is increased twice, the window switching frequency can be increased by subdividing (R 9 to R 12 ) and adding the window switching transistor, and the resolution can be increased by increasing the voltage window switching frequency. Therefore, when applied to the-△ V method or the peak-to-peak voltage detection method for detecting the battery full charge, the window switching frequency is N (N + 1) times the resolution than the conventional circuit can be obtained.

Claims (1)

배터리의 전압을 증폭하는 제1차동증폭부와, 제1증폭부에서 증폭된 전압을 기준전압과 비교하여 증폭하는 제2차동증폭부와, 전압윈도우 절환을 다단으로 스위칭하는 전압윈도우 절환스위칭부와, 상기 전압윈도우 절환스위칭부의 스위칭 상태에 따라 전압윈도우 절환하여 상기 제2차동증폭부의 기준전압으로 출력하는 전압윈도우 절환부와, 상기 제2차동증폭부의 출력을 입력하여 배터리의 전압을 검출하는 마이콤을 포함하여 이루어짐을 특징으로 하는 배터리 전압검출장치.A first differential amplifier which amplifies the voltage of the battery, a second differential amplifier which amplifies the voltage amplified by the first amplifier by comparison with the reference voltage, and a voltage window switching switch which switches the voltage window switching in multiple stages; A voltage window switching unit for switching the voltage window according to the switching state of the voltage window switching switching unit and outputting the voltage as the reference voltage of the second differential amplifier, and a microcomputer for detecting the voltage of the battery by inputting the output of the second differential amplifier. Battery voltage detection device comprising a.
KR1019930022455A 1993-10-27 1993-10-27 Battery voltage detector KR960013541B1 (en)

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