KR960007755B1 - Method and apparatus of production for resolvable polystyrene pencil - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of producing a resolvable polystyrene pencil including the steps of mixing GP-PS (50 - 60%), HI-PS (40 - 50%); in the ratio of polyestyrene weight percent red pigment 0.0005%, white pigment 0.003%, yellow pigment 0.002%; and a resolvable master batch 20% by the use of a blender; and putting an inorganic foaming agent of 0.5 to 0.7% thereinto.

Description

Method for manufacturing biodegradable polystyrene pencil and apparatus thereof

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a pencil manufacturing apparatus of the present invention.

2 is a side view of the graphite core automatic insertion device of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.

* Side view of the sign for the main part of the drawing;

1: DIE 2: Graphite core

3: NIPPLE 4: NIPPLE HOLDER,

5: HOT SLEEVE TUBE

6: Graphite core automatic insertion device 7: Cover

8: Graphite Core Repository 9: Air System

10: Compressor

11: drive gear 12: motor

13: cylinder 14: screw

15: heating heater 16: side Peter Hopper (SIDE FEEDER HOPPER)

17: FEEDER HOPPER Weighing Device

18: SIZING

19: cooling device 20: tension regulator

21: take-out machine 22: cutter

62a: graphite core inlet

The present invention relates to a method for preparing a pencil prepared from a mixture of polystyrene, a thermoplastic resin, inorganic foaming agents for foaming and nucleating agents such as polystyrene, which can be polymerized, non-toxic chemical pigments, and starch biodegradable masterbatches. The apparatus relates to a low-foam extrusion molding of polystyrene (styrene resin), but maintains a foaming ratio of 120 (ml / g @STP), so that the density, elasticity, hardness, texture, color and buffering properties of the existing wood pencil The present invention relates to a method for producing a biodegradable polystyrene pencil comprising a three-phase formulation of a masterbatch filled with starch so as to be close to the wood material used, and a device thereof.

In general, the pencil is mainly used as a juniper tree is an evergreen tree of the juniper family produced in North America. Most of the wood is imported from the juniper shaft. The juniper is used as a pencil stand, that is, a building timber and furniture work. Most pencils are used as materials. However, imports can be made smoothly in North America and Korea, but the price fluctuations are inevitable due to the poor profitability of domestic preservation and logging industry. Therefore, manufacturers have to develop substitute materials for these materials in a hurry. Therefore, as described above, the process of manufacturing a pencil with a juniper shaft is complicated, the productivity of the pencil is lowered, the functional structure is not easy to change, and there is a problem in terms of manufacturing cost and mass production efficiency.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, it is possible to preserve the wood as it is not felling wood because it replaces the pencil made of wood with a polystyrene material, the biodegradable masterbatch (MASTER BATCH) By using surplus agricultural products with the use of), the purpose of saving oil resources and the pencils produced therefrom are to provide a biodegradable part of polystyrene material in a short time to protect the environment.

Hereinafter will be described according to an embodiment of the present invention.

The polystyrene resin used in the present invention is excellent in moldability and has transparent GP-PS, HI-PS supplemented with impact strength, and MI-PS having intermediate properties thereof. It is divided into (MI-PS) and is generally used for electric and electronic products, food packaging, toys, and general merchandise. Therefore, the polystyrene resin that can be used as a food packaging can be used non-toxic due to the pencil material.

The blending weight ratio of polystyrene in the present invention is GP-PS (trade name: Lucky 25 SP for chemical resistance: LUCKY-25SP) and HI-PS (H-PS, brand name used for artificial wood) 55ISH: LUCKY-55SH) is mixed with 60%: 40% and 50%: 50% ratio and selected as polystyrene, BASIC RESINE. This BASIC RESINE has good transparency, easy coloration, beautiful appearance, good electrical and mechanical properties, good thermal stability, chemical resistance, toxicity and good molding processability.

In the present invention, the coloring method of expressing the color of the wood texture by combining with the basic resin (BASIC RESINE) as described above is as follows.

The foamed molded article retains white, which does not look white due to foaming or uses fuel to maintain white. That is, the fused portion of the foamed particles and the foamed particles is expressed in a dark color pattern. In addition, uneven coloring can cause color failure when the die structure, stone conditions and foaming are not uniform. In order to compensate for this, it is possible to optimally form the continuity of the process and the die structure in the basis weight combination, and to form the optimal wood grain pattern by forming the optimum molding conditions.

The basic pigment for reducing the pattern and color is a mixture of light beige yellow, white and red, which is a non-toxic chemical pigment. Benzene yellow pigment, an organic pigment of yellow color, Al (R) -sugar, made of white titanium (TITANIUM), and permanent organic pigment are used for red color. The use amount of these pigments is colored by mixing 0.0005% of red pigment, 0.003% of white pigment, and 0.002% of yellow pigment. Starch-filled biodegradable master batch (MASTER BATCH) is a three-phase polymerized in the present invention, polystyrene is currently used in a variety of large-scale living industry materials, hundreds of tons are used only in Korea annually and become industrial waste. These industrial wastes take up a lot of space and take hundreds of years to decompose even when they are landfilled. Therefore, environmental pollution caused by waste polystyrene materials is seriously emerging.

In this respect, it is very urgent to utilize degradable polystyrene in which polystyrene can be decomposed quickly.

Therefore, in the present invention, starch-filled starch-filled biodegradable master batch (MASTER BATCH) is used, and a pencil prepared therefrom is used, but the shredded polystyrene material is primarily filled by microorganisms even if it is disposed of as waste. After 3-6 months of decomposing and becoming porous, it can not maintain its original form, resulting in volume reduction. In this case, the surface area is remarkably increased, and it is easily decomposed by the action of the added oxidizing agent and the decomposition promoter, and the decomposition rate is accelerated by several tens of times compared to the existing polystyrene. Is completed. Furthermore, the polystyrene residues, which are shaved into thin films, are first collapsed into small particles, exposing the first collapsed polystyrene residues to the soil to promote the decomposition of the polystyrene residues by the medium and to increase the space utilization of the landfill due to the volume reduction. Can give In addition, since the amount of polystyrene is reduced by the amount of starch filled, it can be said that the starch is filled with low pollution.

Biodegradation of the biodegradable polystyrene used in the present invention means that a living organism (fungus or bacteria) chemically breaks down a substance and undergoes a kind of digestion by MICRO ORGANISM. In this sense, when referred to as biodegradable polystyrene, it refers to a polymer that is degraded by microorganisms in nature and does not cause environmental pollution. This is usually achieved by the conversion of natural polymers, the synthesis of new polymers, and the addition of microbial degradable fillers. The biodegradable polystyrene degradability obtained in this way is based on environmental conditions such as moisture, temperature, acidity, pH and the presence of metal salts and decomposition. The type of microorganism (MICRO ORGANISM) that can be used, and the presence or absence of the biodegradable filler, the proportion of the biodegradable portion in the total resin, the molecular weight of the resin itself (lower molecular weight increases molecular weight), It is influenced by the kind of resin, the thickness of the molding surface area, and the like. Based on this, the mechanism of starch-filled biodegradable polystyrene blowing agent (MECHANISM) has a biodegradable function by adding starch, which causes the polystyrene pencil to be biodegraded by starch and thus collapses itself. In the first step of this mechanism, starch in the polymer is decomposed by bacterial fungus to become a porous polymer. In the second step, peroxides are reacted with metal salts in soil and water by the automatic acid and decomposition accelerator contained in the polymer. To destroy the molecular ring. The starch-filled polystyrene contains 10-13% water, which is hydrophilic with three polar hydroxyl groups in a unit structure. Starch contains 0.6-0.8% of liquid component, which greatly affects the physical properties. To compensate for these disadvantages, starch is modified and resin is minimized to minimize moisture.

And, by adding a suitable compound (COMPATIBILIZER) and the coupling (COUPLINGENT) to minimize the physical properties to have a mechanical strength characteristics. The biodegradability evaluation test results of the pencil prepared by combining the starch charge biodegradable master batch synthesized with such a structure with polystyrene resin are as follows.

AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING MATERIALS The extent to which mold was covered by pencil residues (shredded shells) after incubation for at least 21 days in accordance with ASTM G21-70 was determined as follows.

The optimum condition was shown in the production order grade 3. This is the result when 20% of the starch-filling degradable master batch is blended with the polystyrene and the blowing agent.

In the present invention, when the polystyrene, which is the basic resin, is foamed with a blowing agent, a new property is obtained and various uses are made. By controlling the shape of the foam or the expansion ratio of the foam can be produced a variety of properties. The blowing agent may be broadly classified into a volatile blowing agent and a degradable blowing agent, and in the present invention, it is preferable to use a degradable blowing agent.

In general, the extrusion foaming (EXTRUSION FROTHING MOULDING) is made up to a low foaming agent that is produced by injection molding at a foaming ratio of 10 times, in the present invention, it is preferable to produce a low-foaming foam using an extrusion apparatus.

The foaming agent has various properties such as density, heat insulation, sound absorption, electrical insulation, buoyancy, absorption, elasticity, and cushioning properties after foaming. The composition of the foaming agent depends on the type of material, the shape of the bubble, and the shape of the diaphragm. Is determined by

The foaming agent has a myriad of bubbles (CELL) and the diaphragm, which has a breathable bubble in communication with the independent bubble completely divided into a membrane, each of which varies in properties depending on the application. That is, the form of the independent bubble is used for buoyancy material, heat insulation material, electrical insulation material and artificial wood, and the shape of breathable bubble is suitable for the filter material and the cleaning material.

It is preferable that the bubble form in this invention maintains an independent bubble form. It is recommended that the amount of blowing agent be precisely added so that the size of the bubble affects the tensile strength, impact strength, elongation at break and texture of the product so that the finished pencil can be similar to the wood cutting force.

In addition, when the amount of the entire gas is constant, the thickness of the diaphragm becomes thinner when the shape of the bubbles becomes smaller. The thickness of the diaphragm deeply affects the texture of the wood, such as the flexibility and elasticity of the blowing agent. The blowing agent is weak to volatile painting drugs because of its thin film and high contact area with the drug. Therefore, even during foaming, careful attention is required to the shape and size of the gas and the distribution of the diaphragm. To solve this problem, the foaming agent can be prevented by injecting and foaming the foaming agent from the double-cylinder extrusion device to the side feeder measuring device. Flexible and paintable pencils can be made.

In general, the foaming degree of the polystyrene resin (FROTHING DEGREE) can increase or decrease the properties of 30-80 times. However, in the present invention, the wood texture can be exhibited in a low magnification foam form of 1.2-3 times. Maintaining such low magnification density allows the mechanical strength to be characterized so that it is flexible, strong and cold resistant.

Inorganic blowing agents for foaming and nucleating agents such as polystyrene resins used in the present invention and polystyrene that can polymerize with them are surface-treated inorganic blowing agents for preventing moisture absorption, and are used as foaming and nucleating agents, and unlike other foaming agents, endothermic decomposition As a substance capable of generating gas (GAS), there is no expansion, contraction or destruction of bubbles, and thus a very uniform bubble can be obtained. It is also used as a food packaging material because it is harmless to humans. ) And the generated gas is carbon dioxide ( ), Water ( Chemical reaction.

Appearance maintains white fine powder form, decomposition temperature is decomposed at 150-220 ℃, and decomposition gas amount is 100-120 (ml / g, OSTP).

The relationship between the decomposition temperature and the amount of decomposition gas is shown below.

This foaming agent compounding quantity (%) shall be 0.5-0.7.

Example 1

Polystyrene weight ratio 50% GP-PS (HI-PS) 50%, tensile strength (MP ₂ (100PSi)) 35.3-71 (6-10), elongation at break (%) ) 3.6-8,

It shows the physical properties of impact strength J / M (ftl / in) 13.3-27 (0.25-0.2), blowing agent 0.7%,

The property change is caused by 20% biodegradable masterbatch,

Tensile Strength (MP ₂ (100PSi)) 29.5-57 (4-8), Elongation at Break (%) 2.5-7

It has a physical strength of impact strength J / M (ftl / in) 9-24 (0.18-0.21) and is similar to that of wood. The shape of this structure does not differ from the power of sharpening wood pencils and the power of sharpening pencils according to the present invention even when the physical evaluation is performed.

Example 2

For 60% polystyrene weight ratio GP-PS, 40% HI-PS and 0.5% blowing agent biodegradable master batch 20%,

Tensile Strength (MP ₂ (100PSi)) 26-55 (3-9), Elongation at Break (%) 2-6.6,

Impact strength J / M (ftl / in) 8-23 (0.17-0.2) can be mowed with slightly less force than the physical force to cut wood. The present invention is lighter than the wooden pencil compared to the volume and the breaking elongation and impact strength of the pencil body is broken.

Next, an apparatus for producing a biodegradable polystyrene pencil according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration diagram of the present pencil manufacturing apparatus of FIG.

A feeder hopper metering device 17 for introducing a mixed material; A side feeder hopper measuring device 16 for controlling supply of inorganic foaming; Material supply means for supplying these materials to be maintained at a constant temperature by the rotation of the screw 14; Graphite core 2 of the graphite core stack 8 is automatically inserted into the insertion groove 62 of the connecting rotary cylinder 61 which is rotated in the right rotation direction as the drive gear 11 by the drive motor 12. Automatic shim insertion device 6; Injecting into the hole 41 of the nipple holder 4 by the operation of the air system 9 acting as the compressor 10 in the graphite core (2) of the object introduced into the continuous rotary cylinder (61) Graphite core supply means; The graphite core 2 drawn into the hole 41 of the nipple holder 4 constitutes an extrusion molding means which is covered by a resin exiting through the heart sleeve tube 5 and extruded by the die 1, respectively.

Permanent Organic Red, a pigment used by dividing the basic materials (BASIC RESINE) GP-PS (HI-PS) and HI-PS (weight ratio of 606: 40% or 50%: 50%) Pigment 0.0005%, titanium egg white pigment 0.003%, benzene organic ivory yellow pigment 0.002% are mixed and blended in a mixer, and starch-filled biodegradable master batch 20% is mixed again in a mixer for 30 minutes. The mixed material is fed into a feeder hopper metering device 17 and air-dried at 60-65 ° C. and reaches the cylinder 13 via the first entry / exit line, and then the side feeder hopper metering device. In (16), the inorganic foaming agent is precisely controlled and supplied at a rate of 0.5% to 0.7%.

While these materials move forward by the rotation of the screw 14, the materials enter initial melting at a heating temperature of 150 ° C. by the heating heater 15 installed on the outer periphery of the cylinder 13, and the cylinder 13 In the middle part, the foaming agent is introduced through the side peter hopper metering device 16 while maintaining at 160 ° C, and is maintained within 170 ° C as it reaches the front end of the cylinder 13. The foaming of the blowing agent is induced here while maintaining the temperature of the SKIM DIE 23 at 160 ° C. That is, the material which has passed through the front end of the cylinder 13 is foamed while passing through the heart sleeve tube 5 and the nipple 3. At the same time, the graphite core 2 of the graphite core stacking cylinder 8 of the graphite core automatic insertion device 6 is automatically inserted into the insertion flaw 62 of the continuous rotary cylinder 61.

Initial insertion of the graphite core 2 is inserted five times consecutively as shown in FIG. Therefore, the graphite core 2 automatically inserted is introduced into the hole 41 of the nipple holder 4 by the operation of the air system 9 at the graphite core inlet 62a and passes through the nipple 3 ( 2) is coated with a resin coming out through the heart sleeve tube (5) and extruded through the die (1).

At this time, depending on the exit cross-sectional area of the die (1) it can be made in various shapes such as hexagonal or circular. The pencil passing through the die 1 prevents warping and passes through the shaping device 18 for paint coating and transfer. The extruded pencil is continuously drawn out by the tensioning device 20 through the cooling device 19 through the shaping device 18, and cut to a predetermined length when the cutter 22 is reached through the take-out machine 21.

Important point of the above manufacturing apparatus is that the die land length is slightly longer in order to prevent swelling, and the cross-sectional area of the tip is processed small to increase the back pressure, and the spider mark (SPIDER MARK) It is preferable to precisely control the temperature of the cylinder 13 and the temperature of the die 1 portion so that does not appear, and lower the rotational speed of the screw 14 so that there is no partial heat generation.

BASIC RESINE introduced into the Peter Hopper metering device 17 prolongs the residence time in the cylinder 13 and completes the decomposition of the blowing agent introduced into the Side Peter Hopper metering device 16. Moreover, the cylinder 13 of the suitable size (25-28 L / D) is used easily, and the heating heater 15 keeps a compression ratio at 2-2.5, suppressing heat_generation | fever to high temperature. While the foaming agent is completely decomposed in the cylinder 13, foaming does not occur in the cylinder 13, and the pressure difference is made small by making the partial temperature difference to the molten material constant so that the density and thickness of the product are uniform. Due to the characteristics of the blowing agent, extrusion molding of various organic compound molding materials in which a low boiling point gas impregnated with expanded polystyrene beads (BEADS) and an inorganic foaming agent is usually required to be foamed at a die outlet. It is preferable to inject and knead the inorganic blowing agent from the (BENT) part and to foam in the die part. In order to obtain the desired blowing agent by using the gas generated by the decomposition of the blowing agent, the form of the generated gas is required. The bubbles and the diaphragm structure forming this shape are closely related to the breaking elongation, tensile strength and impact strength of the tree. In order to create such precise quality, it is necessary to install various measuring tools. Die pressure measuring equipment in extrusion die, screw rotation indicator (rpm measuring instrument), melt resin temperature measuring equipment in die, temperature measuring equipment in each heater area. It is desirable to have a cooling temperature measuring system.

Pencil graphite core automatic insertion device (6) is loaded in a predetermined amount in the graphite core stacking cylinder 8 of 900MM length in such a way that the air system (9) is inserted into the six-stage rotating cylinder (61) by timed operation.

The graphite core 2 of the object introduced into the six-stage rotary cylinder 61 is operated by the air system 9 operating as the compressor 10 at the graphite core inlet 62a, and thus the hole 41 of the nipple holder 4 is operated. It is injected into). When the material proceeds by covering the graphite core 2, the position of the six-stage rotating cylinder 61, which is rotated in the 360 ° right-turning direction as the drive gear 11 by the drive of the driving motor 12, is spaced at 60 ° intervals. Is moved. It is recommended that this continuous operation proceeds consistently with the cylinder operation.

According to the present invention, as described above, since the pencil made of wood is replaced with a polystyrene material, not only the wood can be preserved as it is not lumbered, but also the biomass in the polystyrene is surplus by the use of a master batch. The use of agricultural products, and the effect of saving the petroleum resources, and the pencil produced therefrom can provide a method and apparatus for producing a biodegradable polystyrene pencil that can biodegrade the polystyrene material portion to protect the environment in a short time.

Claims (2)

Weight ratio of polystyrene 50% -60% GP-PS, 40% -50% HI-PS; Red pigment 0.0005%, white pigment 0.003%, yellow pigment 0.002% are mixed and colored; A method of producing a biodegradable polystyrene pencil, characterized in that 20% biodegradable master batch is mixed with a blender and then 0.5-0.7% inorganic blowing agent is added. A feeder hopper 17 for introducing mixed materials, a side feeder hopper measuring device 16 for controlling supply of inorganic foam, and a material supply means composed of a screw 14 and a heating heater 15; In the pencil manufacturing apparatus consisting of a cutter 22 for applying a synthetic resin supplied from the material supply means to the graphite core, and then cut into a predetermined size, the graphite core container for loading the graphite core with the material supply means is mounted and loaded thereon (8) and an insertion groove (62) for inserting and fixing the graphite core (2) supplied from the graphite core container (8) formed below the graphite core cylinder (8), and having a drive motor (12). Graphite core automatic insertion device (6) consisting of a continuous rotary cylinder 61 is rotated in the right direction by the rotational force of the drive gear 11 to rotate by; Graphite core supply means characterized in that the air system (9) is operated by the compressor 10 to the graphite core inlet (62a) formed in the insertion groove 62 and moved to the nipple holder (4) for moving the graphite core; ; A heart slab tube 5 for filling the graphite core 2 supplied to the nipple holder 4 by the graphite core supply means in a multi-directional manner and covering the synthetic resin supplied from the material supply means, and the heart slab tube 5 Apparatus for producing a biodegradable polystyrene pencil, characterized in that it comprises an extrusion molding means consisting of a die (1) for extruding the graphite core (2) coated on the synthetic resin by the).