KR960006597B1 - Zn-ni alloy solution for an electroplating and the method for manufacturing a zn-ni alloy electroplating steel plate using the same - Google Patents

Zn-ni alloy solution for an electroplating and the method for manufacturing a zn-ni alloy electroplating steel plate using the same Download PDF

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KR960006597B1
KR960006597B1 KR1019930029962A KR930029962A KR960006597B1 KR 960006597 B1 KR960006597 B1 KR 960006597B1 KR 1019930029962 A KR1019930029962 A KR 1019930029962A KR 930029962 A KR930029962 A KR 930029962A KR 960006597 B1 KR960006597 B1 KR 960006597B1
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mol
zinc
plating
ion
electroplating
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KR950018681A (en
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김현태
한갑수
변창세
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포항종합제철주식회사
김종진
재단법인산업과학기술연구소
신창식
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25DPROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/56Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
    • C25D3/565Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of zinc

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
  • Electroplating And Plating Baths Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

To prevent the sludge accumulation on anode, 0.05- 3.0 amount of alcohol(R-OH) mol ratio in propotion to 1.0mol amount of NH3 ion is added to Zn-Ni electroplating sol. of which basic composition is Zn ion 1.0-2.0 mol/L, Ni ion 0.15 -0.5 mol/L, Cl ion 6.0-9.0mol/L and NH3 ion 0.1- 1.5 mol/L. Under condition of PH 1.5-5.5, temp. of sol. 55 -70 deg.C, current density 40-200 A/dm2, relative velocity 0.5-2.5 m/sec of sol. to cathode high quality Zn-Ni alloy electroplated steel plate is manufactured.

Description

아연-니켈합금 전기도금용액 및 이를 이용한 아연-니켈합금 전기도금강판의 제조방법Zinc-Nickel Alloy Electroplating Solution and Manufacturing Method of Zinc-Nickel Alloy Electroplating Steel Sheet Using the Same

본 발명은 아연-니켈합금 전기도금용액 및 이 용액을 이용한 아연-니킬 합금 전기도금강판의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세히는 아연양극에 발생되는 슬러지(sludge)양을 최대한 억제하여 도금용액의 안정성을 확보함으로써, 도금표면 품질이 우수한 아연-니켈합금 전기도금용액 및 이 용액을 이용한 전기도금강판을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a zinc-nickel alloy electroplating solution and a method for producing a zinc-nickel alloy electroplating steel sheet using the solution, and more particularly, the stability of the plating solution by suppressing the amount of sludge generated in the zinc anode to the maximum. The present invention relates to a zinc-nickel alloy electroplating solution having excellent plating surface quality and a method for producing an electroplated steel sheet using the solution.

통상, 절위에 실시하는 금속 도금은 옛날부터 방청, 장식등을 위해서 많이 사용되어져 왔다. 특히, 강판의 내식성을 확보하기 위한, 아연 전기 도금은 가전, 자동차, 건설 등의 분야에 널리 사용되어져 왔다. 이러한 전기아연도금은, 가혹한 분위기하에서 내식성을 확보하기 위하여 아연도금층의 두께를 증가시켜야 했으며, 이로 인하여 비용의 증가 및 도막밀착성, 가공성등에 좋지 않은 영향을 주었다.Usually, metal plating to be performed at a long time has been used for a long time for rust prevention and decoration. In particular, zinc electroplating for securing corrosion resistance of steel sheets has been widely used in fields such as home appliances, automobiles, construction, and the like. In order to secure corrosion resistance under severe atmosphere, the electrogalvanizing had to increase the thickness of the galvanized layer, thereby adversely affecting the increase in cost, coating adhesion, and workability.

이러한 결점을 해결하기 위해서 아연니켈 합금전기 도금이 개발되어 왔는데, 이 아연-니켈 합금전기도금은 도금욕의 성분에 따라서 여러가지 방법으로 실행되었으며, 그중 산성도금욕을 기본으로한 도금재 생산방식이 일반적으로 널리 사용되고 있다Zinc nickel alloy electroplating has been developed to solve these drawbacks, and zinc-nickel alloy electroplating has been carried out in various ways depending on the composition of the plating bath, of which the plating material production method based on the acid plating bath is generally used. Widely used

상기 산성욕에는 황화물욕이 기본이되는 것과 염화물욕이 기보이 되는 것등이 있다. 염화물욕은 황화물욕에 비하여 전기전도도가 우수하여 고전류 밀도도금이 가능하고, 주로 용해성 양극을 사용하여 불용성 양극을 사용하는 황화물욕에 비하여 용액의 제어가 편리하고 비용이 적게 든다. 이때, 용해성 양극은 주로 아연과 니켈을 사용하여 일반적으로 아연이 약 80% 이상 사용되고 있다.Examples of the acidic bath include a sulfide bath and a chloride bath. Chloride baths have better electrical conductivity than sulfide baths, which enables high current density plating, and are more convenient and less expensive to control solutions than sulfide baths that use insoluble anodes, mainly using soluble anodes. At this time, the soluble anode is mainly zinc and nickel, the zinc is generally used more than about 80%.

따라서 아연 양극의 균일한 용해성, 즉 슬러지(Sludge)나 이물질이 아연 양극에 남아있지 않아야 양호한도금 제품을 생산할 수 있다. 그러나, 아연과 니킬이 염화물 도금욕에서 전위차가 크므로 아연 양그에 니켈의 무전해 치환에 의한 아연 수산화물계통의 슬러지가 발생되고, 이 슬러지는 양극의 표면에 붙어서 연속작업의 아연 용해시 불균일한 용해로 인하여 도금액의 농도 변화가 심하고, 통전을 방해함으로써 도금 전압이 상승하며 도금층의 표면외관이 균일하지 못하고, 도금층의 박리 및 양 에지(Edge)에 버닝(Bunhng)성 얼룩이 발생된다.Therefore, uniform plating solubility of the zinc anode, that is, no sludge or foreign matter remains on the zinc anode can produce a good plated product. However, since zinc and nickel have a large potential difference in the chloride plating bath, zinc hydroxide sludge is generated by the electroless substitution of nickel on the zinc yog, and this sludge adheres to the surface of the anode, resulting in uneven melting of the zinc during continuous operation. As a result, the concentration of the plating liquid is severe, the plating voltage is increased by interrupting the energization, the surface appearance of the plating layer is not uniform, and the peeling of the plating layer and the burning unevenness occur at both edges.

이러한 결합을 해결하기 위한 종래 기술로서 일본 공개특허 (소)58-55585에 의한 제안은 염화아연과 연화니켈을 주성분으로 한 도금용액에 각종 염화물을 1종 혹은 2종이상 첨가시 나타나는 도금층의 양호한 표면 외관 향상에 관한 것이며, 일본 공개특허 (소)59-211589에 게재된 제안에서 염화아연 및 염화니켈을 주성분으로 하는 염화물욕 및 유산염을 혼합한 도금액에 염화암모늄을 일부 첨가하고, 도금 조건을 변경하여 석술물에 부수적으로 수반되는 황갈색이나 청자색의 산화물의 혼입 석출을 유효하게 억제하였다고 하였으나, 초기 약 100시간 정도까지는 산화물의 석출이 억제되지만, 그 이상 조업시 다시 석출물이 나타나는 결점이 있었다. 이상의 종래 기술은 Zn-Ni 합금도금방법은 도금층이 표면외관개선에 관한 것이며, 석출물의 억제에 관한 것도 도금작업 시간이 길면 다시 석출면이 발생하는 결점이 있다.As a prior art for solving such a bond, the proposal by Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication (S) 58-55585 is a good surface of a plating layer which appears when one or two or more kinds of chlorides are added to a plating solution composed mainly of zinc chloride and softened nickel. The present invention relates to improvement in appearance, and according to a proposal disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-211589, a part of ammonium chloride is added to a plating solution containing zinc chloride and nickel chloride as a main component, and a plating solution is changed to change plating conditions. Although it was said that effectively inhibiting the mixed precipitation of yellowish brown or blue violet oxide accompanying incidental stones, the precipitation of oxide was suppressed until the initial time of about 100 hours, but there was a defect that the precipitate appeared again during further operation. According to the conventional technique described above, the Zn-Ni alloy plating method is related to the improvement of the surface appearance of the plating layer, and the suppression of the precipitate also has a drawback that the precipitation surface is generated again when the plating operation time is long.

따라서, 본 발명은 상기한 문제점들을 개선하고자 제안된 것으로서, 염화아연, 염화니켈 및 염화암모늄을 주성분으로 하는 도금욕에 알코올 일정량 첨가하여 양극의 슬러지를 제거하므로서 품질이 우수한 아연-니켈합금 전기도금 강판을 얻기위한 아연-니켈 합금전기도금용액 및 이 도금액을 이용하여 아연-니켈합금전기도금강판을 제조하는 방법을 제공하고자 하는데, 그 목적이 있다.Therefore, the present invention is proposed to improve the above problems, zinc-nickel alloy electroplating steel sheet having excellent quality by removing a certain amount of alcohol by adding a certain amount of alcohol to the plating bath containing zinc chloride, nickel chloride and ammonium chloride as a main component. In order to provide a zinc-nickel alloy electroplating solution and a method for producing a zinc-nickel alloy electroplating steel sheet using the plating solution, the object is to.

이하, 본 발명에 대하여 설명한다.EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, this invention is demonstrated.

본 발명은 아연이온 : 1.0-2.0몰/ι, 니켈이온 : 0.15-0.5몰/ι, 염화이온 ; 6.0-9.0몰/ι 및 암모늄이온 : 0.1-1.5몰/ι로 조성된 아연-니켈합금 전기도금용액에 있어서, 상기 도금용액에 알콜류(R-OH)를 포함하는 첨가제가, 상기 암모늄 이온대 상기 알콜의 몰비가 1 : 0.05-3.0의 범위에서 첨가되어 조성되는것을 특징으로 하는 아연-니켈합금 전기도금용액에 관한 것이다.The present invention is zinc ion: 1.0-2.0 mol / ι, nickel ion: 0.15-0.5 mol / ι, chloride ion; 6.0-9.0 mol / ι and ammonium ion: 0.1-1.5 mol / ι zinc-nickel alloy electroplating solution, wherein the plating solution is an additive containing alcohol (R-OH), the ammonium ion to the It relates to a zinc-nickel alloy electroplating solution, characterized in that the molar ratio of alcohol is added in the range of 1: 0.05-3.0.

또한, 본 발명은 아연-니켈 전기도금강판의 제조방법에 있어서, 상기한 본 발명의 도금용액의 pH : 1.5-5.5, 상기 도금용액의 온도 : 55-70℃,전류 밀도 : 40-200A/dm2및 상기 도금용액과 음극의 상대유속 : 0.5-2.5m/초외 도금조건에서 전기도금하는 것을 특징으로 하는 아연-니켈합금 전기도금강판의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.In addition, the present invention is a method of manufacturing a zinc-nickel electroplated steel sheet, the pH of the plating solution of the present invention described above: 1.5-5.5, the temperature of the plating solution: 55-70 ℃, current density: 40-200A / dm 2 and the relative flow rate of the plating solution and the negative electrode: relates to a method for producing a zinc-nickel alloy electroplating steel sheet, characterized in that the electroplating under plating conditions other than 0.5-2.5m / sec.

이하, 본 발명에 따른 도금액 조성의 수치한정 이유에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the reason for numerical limitation of the plating liquid composition according to the present invention will be described in detail.

상기 도금용액중의 아연이온이 물농도 1.0몰/ι 이하에서는 도금시 검게 그을리는 현상(buming)을 일으키고, 2.0몰/ι 이상에서는 도금층이 분말형태의 도금이 되어서 밀착성이 떨어지므로, 도금용액중의 아연이온은 1.0-2.0몰/ι로 하는 것이 바람직하다.The zinc ions in the plating solution cause a blacking at the time of plating at a water concentration of 1.0 mol / ι or lower, and at 2.0 mol / ι or higher, the plating layer becomes a powder-type plating, and thus the adhesion is inferior. It is preferable to make zinc ion in 1.0-2.0 mol / (micro).

상기 도금액중의 니켈의 몰농도가 0.15몰/ι 이하에서는 도금층의 합금에서 니켈 함량이 10% 이상 확보되지 않아 내식성이 떨어지며, 니켈의 몰농도가 0.5몰/ι 이상에서는 도금층의 니켈함량이 16% 이상이되어서 가공성 및 내식성이 떨어지므로, 도금액중의 니켈이온 몰농도는 0.15-0.5몰/ι로 조성하는 것이 바람직하다.When the molar concentration of nickel in the plating solution is 0.15 mol / ι or less, the nickel content is not secured by 10% or more in the alloy of the plating layer, and corrosion resistance is poor. When the nickel concentration is 0.5 mol / ι or more, the nickel content of the plating layer is 16%. Since the above is poor in workability and corrosion resistance, the molar concentration of nickel ions in the plating solution is preferably set at 0.15-0.5 mol / ι.

또한, 도금용액속에 암모늄염을 첨가하는 암모늄이온의 몰농도를 1.5-1.5몰/ι로 조정하면 바람직한데, 그 이유는 암모늄이온의 몰농도가 0.1몰/ι 이하에서 연속 도금작업을 어렵게하는 찌꺼기(sludge)를 생기게 하고, 1.5몰/ι 이상에서는 도금용액을 오염시키는 새로운 찌꺼기(sludge)를 발생시켜 바람직하지 않기 때문이다.In addition, it is preferable to adjust the molar concentration of ammonium ions to which ammonium salt is added to the plating solution to 1.5-1.5 mol / ι, because it is difficult to make continuous plating work at a molar concentration of ammonium ion of 0.1 mol / ι or less. sludge), and at 1.5 mol / ι or more, it is undesirable to generate new sludge that contaminates the plating solution.

상기 염화이온이 6.0몰/ι 이하에서는 전기 전도도의 감소로 인하여 버닝일 다량 발생하고, 9.0몰/ι 이상에서는 용해도 문제로 염화이온이 석출되므로 염화이온의 몰농도는 6,0-9.0몰/ι로 하는 것이 바람직하다.When the chloride ion is 6.0 mol / ι or less, a large amount of burning days occurs due to a decrease in electrical conductivity, and when 9.0 mol / ι or more, chloride ion is precipitated due to solubility, so the molar concentration of chloride ion is 6,0-9.0 mol / ι. It is preferable to set it as.

본 발명은 상기한 도금욕조성에 알콜류(R-OH)를 첨가함으로써 양극피막의 슬러지를 억제하는 것을 특징으로 하는데, 이때 상기 도금용액에 첨가되는 알콜류의 농도가 암모늄 몰 대비 0.05 이하에서는 도금용액을 100시간 이상 장시간 사용시에 나타나는 양극 피막의 슬러지를 억제하지 못하여, 또한 3.0 이상 첨가시는 도금층이 어두워지며, 도금층의 밀착성이 떨어지기 때문에 알콜류를 포함하는 첨가제는 상기 암모늄 몰대비 0.05-3.0의 몰비로 첨가하는 것이 바람직하다.The present invention is characterized by suppressing the sludge of the anode film by adding alcohols (R-OH) to the plating bath, wherein the concentration of alcohols added to the plating solution is 0.05 or less compared to the ammonium mole, the plating solution 100 Additives containing alcohols are added at a molar ratio of 0.05 to 3.0 relative to the molar amount of ammonium, because the sludge of the anode coating that is used for a long time or longer cannot be suppressed, and the plating layer becomes dark when 3.0 or more is added, and the adhesion of the plating layer is poor. It is desirable to.

이하, 본 발명의 도금용액을 이용하여 아연-니켈합금 전기도금강판을 제조하는 방법에 있어서, 도금조건의 수치한정 이유에 대하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, in the method for producing a zinc-nickel alloy electroplated steel sheet using the plating solution of the present invention, the reason for numerical limitation of plating conditions will be described in detail.

본 발명에 따른 도금방법에 있어서, 상기 도금용액의 pH는 1.5 이하에서는 도금표면이 어둡고 반광택 상태가 되며, 5.5 이상에서는 표면색상이 노랗게 되므로 도금액의 pH는 1.5-5.5로 제한하는게 바람직하다.In the plating method according to the present invention, the plating solution has a pH of 1.5 or less, the plating surface becomes dark and semi-gloss, and the surface color becomes yellow at 5.5 or more, so the pH of the plating solution is preferably limited to 1.5-5.5.

상기 도급용액의 온도가 55℃ 이하에서는 도금층의 색상이 어둡고 도금층의 밀착성이 떨어지서 박리현상이 나타나며, 도금층의 온도가 70℃ 이상이 되면 도금 줄무늬 현상이 심하여 도금층의 광택이 없어지므로 도금용액의 온도를 55-70℃의 온도범위에서 도금하는 것이 바람직하다.When the temperature of the coating solution is 55 ° C. or lower, the plating layer is dark and the adhesion of the plating layer is inferior, resulting in peeling. When the temperature of the plating layer is 70 ° C. or higher, the plating stripe is severe and the gloss of the plating layer is lost. It is preferable to plate in the temperature range of 55-70 ℃.

본 발명에 따른 도금시 상기 전류밀도는 40-200A/dm2가 되도록 전류를 인가하는 것이 바람직한데, 그이유는 인가된 전류밀도 값이 40A/dm2이하에서는 도금결정립이 조대화되어 도막밀착성이 저하되고, 200A/dm2이상에서는 에지 버닝이 발생되고 조업이 곤란하기 때문이다. 또한, 상기 도금액과 음극의 상내유속이 0.5m/초이하에서 도금이 되면 에지 버닝현상이 발생되고,2.5m/초 이상에서는 도금작업이 곤란하므로 상대유속은 0.5-2.5m초로 하여 도금하는 것이 바람직하다.In the plating according to the present invention, it is preferable to apply a current such that the current density is 40-200 A / dm 2 , and the reason is that when the applied current density value is 40 A / dm 2 or less, the plating crystal grains are coarsened so that This is because it is lowered, edge burning occurs at 200 A / dm 2 or more, and operation is difficult. In addition, when plating in the phase flow rate of the plating liquid and the cathode is 0.5m / second or less, the edge burning phenomenon occurs, plating is difficult at 2.5m / second or more, so the relative flow rate is preferably 0.5-2.5m seconds. .

이하, 본 발명을 실시예를 통하여 보다 구체적으로 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.

(실시예 1)(Example 1)

냉연강판을 소지금속으로 하여, 하기 표 1에 나타난 도금액 조성을 가진 용액을 100시간동안 도금사용 후의 용액에서 하기 표 1과 같은 도금조건으로 전기도금을 4시간 연속으로 행한 다음, 아연 양극에 붙어있는 양극 슬러지의 무게를 측정하고, 도금시 제품의 품질을 평가하기 위하여 도금재의 에지버닝 길이 및 도금박리성등을 측정하여 그 결과를 하기 표 1에 나타내었다.Using a cold-rolled steel sheet as the base metal, the solution having the plating solution composition shown in Table 1 below was subjected to electroplating for 4 hours in a plating condition as shown in Table 1 in the solution after plating for 100 hours, and then to the anode attached to the zinc anode. In order to measure the weight of the sludge and to evaluate the quality of the product during plating, the edge burning length and the peeling property of the plating material were measured and the results are shown in Table 1 below.

[표 1]TABLE 1

상기 표 1에 나타난 바와 같이 본 발명에 부합되는 발명예(3-5)는 양극의 부착 슬러지가 현저히 줄어들었으며, 에지버닝도 양호하고 도막박리성도 양호하지만, 본 발명 조건범위를 벗어난 도금용액에서 실시된 비교예(1-2)의 경우 도막 박리성은 양호하나 도금용액내의 슬러지 발생량이 많으며, 비교예 (6)의 경우에는 도막박리성이 불량함을 알 수 있다.As shown in Table 1, Inventive Example (3-5) according to the present invention, the adhesion sludge of the anode was significantly reduced, the edge burning is good and the film peeling property is good, but it is carried out in the plating solution outside the scope of the present invention In Comparative Example (1-2), the coating film peelability was good, but the amount of sludge in the plating solution was large, and in the case of Comparative Example (6), the film peeling property was poor.

상술한 바와 같이 본 발명은 염화물계의 도금액에 있어서 아연 양극의 반응성을 개선하고, 도금용액의 안정성을 확보하여 품질이 우수한 아연-니켈 합금 전기도금강판을 제공할 수 있는 효과가 있는 것이다.As described above, the present invention has the effect of improving the reactivity of the zinc anode in the chloride plating solution and ensuring the stability of the plating solution to provide a zinc-nickel alloy electroplated steel sheet having excellent quality.

Claims (2)

아연이온 : 1.0-2.0몰/ι, 니켈이온 : 0.15-0.5몰/ι, 염화이온 : 60-9.0몰/ι 및 암모늄이온 : 0.1-15몰/ι로 조성된 아연-니켈합금 전기도금용액에 있어서, 상기 도금용액에 알콜류(R-OH)를 포함하는첨가제가, 상기 암모늄 이온 대 상기 알콜의 몰비가 1 : 0.05-3.0의 범위에서 첨가되어 조성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 아연-니켈합금 전기도금용액.Zinc-nickel alloy electroplating solution composed of zinc ion: 1.0-2.0 mol / ι, nickel ion: 0.15-0.5 mol / ι, chloride ion: 60-9.0 mol / ι and ammonium ion: 0.1-15 mol / ι The zinc-nickel alloy electroplating solution of claim 1, wherein an additive comprising alcohols (R-OH) in the plating solution is added in a molar ratio of ammonium ions to the alcohol in the range of 1: 0.05-0.05. . 아연-니켈전기도금강판의 제조방법에 있어서, 아연이온 : 1.0-2.0몰/ι, 니켈이온 : 0.15-0.5몰/ι,영화이온 : 6.0-9.0몰/ι 및 암모늄이온 : 01-1.5몰/ι의 기본조성에,알코류(R-OH)를 포함하는 첨가제를 상기 암모늄 이온대 상기 알콜의 몰비를 1 : 0.05-3.0으로 첨가하여 조성된 아연-니켈합금 전기 도금욕에서, 상기 도금액의 pH : 1.5-5.5, 상기 도금액의 온도 : 55-70℃, 전류밀도 : 40-200A/dm2및 상기 도금액과 음극의 상대유속 : 0 5--2.5m/초의 도금조건에서 전기도금하는 것을 특징으로하는 아연-니켈 합금 전기도금강판의 제조방법.In the manufacturing method of zinc-nickel electroplating steel sheet, zinc ion: 1.0-2.0 mol / ι, nickel ion: 0.15-0.5 mol / ι, cine ion: 6.0-9.0 mol / ι and ammonium ion: 01-1.5 mol / In a zinc-nickel alloy electroplating bath formed by adding a molar ratio of ammonium ions to the alcohol of 1: 0.05-3.0 in an basic composition of ι, the pH of the plating solution : 1.5-5.5, the temperature of the plating solution: 55-70 ℃, the current density: 40-200A / dm 2 and the relative flow rate of the plating solution and the cathode: 0 characterized in that the electroplating under the plating conditions of 5-5-2.5m / sec Method for producing a zinc-nickel alloy electroplated steel sheet.
KR1019930029962A 1993-12-27 1993-12-27 Zn-ni alloy solution for an electroplating and the method for manufacturing a zn-ni alloy electroplating steel plate using the same KR960006597B1 (en)

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