KR950012672B1 - Anaerobic digestion process - Google Patents

Anaerobic digestion process Download PDF

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KR950012672B1
KR950012672B1 KR1019890701269A KR890701269A KR950012672B1 KR 950012672 B1 KR950012672 B1 KR 950012672B1 KR 1019890701269 A KR1019890701269 A KR 1019890701269A KR 890701269 A KR890701269 A KR 890701269A KR 950012672 B1 KR950012672 B1 KR 950012672B1
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solids
disposal apparatus
waste disposal
rotating drum
rotating
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KR890701215A (en
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캘리만 죤
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벨로이트 코오포레이숀
디크 제이.베네만
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S71/00—Chemistry: fertilizers
    • Y10S71/901—Refuse conditioning

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Abstract

내용 없음.No content.

Description

무산소 소화 처리방법 및 장치Anaerobic digestion treatment method and apparatus

[도면의 간단한 설명][Brief Description of Drawings]

도면은 본 발명의 원리를 구체화하는 처리방법의 전체 개략도이다.The figure is an overall schematic diagram of a processing method embodying the principles of the present invention.

[발명의 상세한 설명]Detailed description of the invention

[발명의 배경][Background of invention]

본 발명은 쓰레기와 같은 폐기물의 연속처리를 위한 방법 및 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for the continuous treatment of waste, such as waste.

도시 전체에서 수거된 쓰레기의 처리에 있어서, 쓰레기의 종류 및 양적인 증가로 인하여 취급에 어려움이 더 커져서 처리비용도 많이 들게 되었다. 이러한 증가는 취급되는 물질의 다양성과 개인 소비량의 증가로 인하여 발생되지만, 커다란 증가는 포장 및 시장의 매매시에 종이류의 사용증대에 공헌할 수 있다. 이러한 종이류는 쓰레기의 양적인 증가에 문제를 나타내고 가치있는 부산물로서 이용의 위상을 가지는 쓰레기가 되는 것이다.In the disposal of garbage collected throughout the city, the difficulty in handling is increased due to the increase in the type and quantity of garbage, which leads to high disposal costs. This increase is caused by the diversity of materials handled and the increase in individual consumption, but a large increase can contribute to the increased use of paper in packaging and market trading. This kind of paper becomes a waste that poses a problem to the quantitative increase of waste and has a status of use as a valuable by-product.

소도시에서 지금까지 사용된 소각 및 매립과 같은 처리는 복잡한 지역에서는 실행할 수 없었고, 쓰레기의 재생에 대한 가치를 제기할 수 없었다. 여러 처리에 의해 제조된 중요 부산물은 가스의 생산 및 펄프제품의 생산이다.Treatments such as incineration and landfilling, which have been used so far in small towns, have not been feasible in complex areas, and have not valued the recycling of waste. Important by-products produced by various treatments are the production of gases and the production of pulp products.

따라서, 본 발명의 목적은, 이제까지 이용할 수 없는 에너지의 비용에 경제적으로 효과가 있는 연속처리를 사용하는 향상된 방법으로 쓰레기의 처리를 위한 방법 및 장치를 제공하는 것이다.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for the disposal of waste in an improved way using continuous processing which is economically effective at the cost of energy not available so far.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 쓰레기 등의 처리를 위한 방법 및 장치를 제공하여 얻어진 부산물의 가치 및 사용을 증가하는 것이다. 본 발명의 또다른 목적은, 초기 처리는 쓰레기의 건조처리를 둘러싸고, 후속의 연속처리는 수용액으로 회전드럼내의 물질을 쓰레기 부산물의 하나인 펄핑처리하고, 쓰레기 부산물의 다른 하나를 산소처리를 하는, 향상된 방법 및 장치를 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to increase the value and use of by-products obtained by providing a method and apparatus for the treatment of waste and the like. Another object of the present invention is that the initial treatment surrounds the drying of the waste, and the subsequent continuous treatment is to pulp the material in the rotating drum with an aqueous solution as one of the waste by-products, and to oxygenate the other of the waste by-products, It is to provide an improved method and apparatus.

본 발명의 기타의 목적, 이점 및 특징은 본 발명의 원리에 연관하여 명세서, 청구범위 및 도면에 기재된 바와 같은 본 발명 방법 및 장치의 바람직한 실시예의 개시로부터 더욱 명백히 알 수 있을 것이다.Other objects, advantages and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the disclosure of the preferred embodiments of the method and apparatus of the present invention as described in the specification, claims and drawings in connection with the principles of the present invention.

[바람직한 실시예의 설명][Description of Preferred Embodiment]

도면에 도시된 바와 같이, 미분류된 쓰레기는 처리용 메카니즘에 의해 공급라인(10)이 수용되고, 그러한 물질은 우선 콘테이너를 분쇄하고 쓰레기를 방출하도록 기능하는 한정된 크기 감소유닛(l1)(프레일 밀(flailmill) 또는 저속 분쇄기)으로 공급된다. 물질은 라인(12)을 따라 건조상태로 공급되고, 라인(16)을 통해,공급된 금속성의 물질을 분리하기 위한 장치(13)(자석)에 의해 제공된 강한 자계를 받게된다.As shown in the figure, unsorted waste is accommodated in the supply line 10 by a processing mechanism, and such material first of all has a limited size reduction unit l1 (foil mill (1) which functions to crush the container and discharge the waste). flailmill or slow mill). The material is supplied dry along line 12, and receives through line 16 a strong magnetic field provided by the device 13 (magnet) for separating the supplied metallic material.

그후, 물질은 흙, 작은 유기물질, 유리, 플라스틱 및 비철금속 입자를 제거하는 분리 스크린(일차 회전디스크 스크린)(14)으로 건조상태로 공급되고, 분리된 소형 입자는 라인(18)으로 공급되며, 공기칼(15)은 재생된 유기물질과 플라스틱으로부터 나머지 무거운 물질을 분리한다. 공기칼에 의해 분리된 무거운 물질은 라인(17)을 따라 쌓이도록 전송된 대형 재생 유기물질, 직물 및 플라스틱으로 라인(19)을 따라 통과된다.The material is then supplied dry to a separating screen (primary rotating disk screen) 14 which removes soil, small organic matter, glass, plastic and nonferrous metal particles, and the separated small particles are fed to line 18, The air knife 15 separates the remaining heavy material from the recycled organic material and the plastic. Heavy material separated by air knives is passed along line 19 with large recycled organic materials, fabrics and plastics that are transferred to accumulate along line 17.

라인(18)내의 흙, 유리, 유기 및 비철금속 물질의 소형입자는 라인(24)을 따라 통과하는 흙, 유리, 플라스틱의 미립자 및 미세 유기물질로 2차 미세 회전 디스크 스크린(20)쪽으로 아래로 향해진다. 소형 유기물질 및 비철금속 보다 더 큰것은 쌓여진 더미지역으로 라인(22)을 따라 유기물질의 다른 집중을 위해 2차 공기칼(21)을 통해 처리된다. 기타의 나머지 무거운 물질 및 비철금속은 공기칼(2l)로 받아들여지지 않아서 라인(23)을 따라 통과한다.Small particles of soil, glass, organic and non-ferrous metal materials in line 18 are directed down towards secondary fine rotating disk screen 20 with particulates and fine organics of soil, glass and plastic passing along line 24. Lose. Larger than small organic materials and non-ferrous metals are stacked pile areas that are processed through a secondary air knife 21 for another concentration of organic material along line 22. The rest of the heavy material and nonferrous metals are not accepted by the air knife 2l and pass along the line 23.

임의의 제 3공기칼(25a)은 미세 유기물질(유리조각 및 작은 나무껍질)을 재생하도록 사용되고, 라인(19),(24) 및 (23)은 라인(26)을 통해 쌓여진 더미로 전송되는 반면, 무거운 농축물, 유기물질은 라인(25)을 따라 시스템에서 제거된다.Any third air knife 25a is used to regenerate fine organic matter (glass pieces and small bark), and lines 19, 24 and 23 are transferred through the line 26 to the piles piled up. On the other hand, heavy concentrates, organics, are removed from the system along line 25.

라인(17),(22) 및 임의의 라인(26)으로부터 회수된 유기물질은 더미(27)에서 건조상태로 저장된다. 건조물질은 라인(28)을 따라 매워지고 측정되며, 수성매체 회전드럼으로 전달된다. 수성매체 회전드럼(30),(31)의 목적은, 물의 느린 작용으로 수평한 일반흐름의 조합에 의해 유기물질을 펄프로 감소하고, 열과 기계적 에너지가 탈섬유화를 수행하도록 하는 것이다. 드럼은 직포 또는 플라스틱과 같은 비가용 물질을 감소하거나 손상을 입히지 않는다. 과대한 비가용물질은 드럼 방출단인 라인(34)으로부터 제거되고, 제거되기전에 쌓여있게 된다. 분리챔버로 나누어진 수평 회전드럼(30),(31)내에는 쓰레기 물질이 약 15% 고체상태로 젖어있고, 그 물질은 연속적으로 딱딱한 표면에 떨어진다. 매우 높은 정도의 탈섬유화는 200번 이상 작동을 반복함에 의해 대략 일미터 떨어지는 거리에서 도달된다. 회전드럼은 또한 스크린으로써 작용하고, 이를 위하여 회전드럼(31)은 구멍이 뚫린 외피부를 가진다. 회전드럼(30)의 제 1챔버는 물질이 섬유질화 되기에 충분하도록 길게 처리되고 젖을 수 있도록 뚫리지 않는다. 드럼(30)내의 상태는 약 15%에서 유지되고, 드럼은 약간 기울어져서 물질을 앞쪽으로 움직이게 한다. 즉 도면에서 보아 왼쪽에서 오른쪽으로 움직이게 한다. 드럼(31)내에 있어서, 물질은 저 경점성으로 희석되고, 파이버 물질은 구멍을 통해 씻겨진다. 느린 탈섬유화 처리시 붕괴하기에 너무 강하고, 구멍을 통해 모으기에 너무 큰 거부물질은 거부하고, 라인(34)을 통해 커다란 플라스틱 및 직물의 더미로 고체로서 통과하여, 소각되거나 매립된다.The organic material recovered from lines 17 and 22 and any line 26 is stored dry in the dummy 27. Dry matter is filled and measured along line 28 and transferred to an aqueous medium rotating drum. The purpose of the aqueous medium rotating drums 30 and 31 is to reduce organic matter to pulp by a combination of horizontal general flows due to the slow action of water, and to allow heat and mechanical energy to perform defiberization. The drum does not reduce or damage insoluble materials such as wovens or plastics. Excess insoluble material is removed from line 34, the drum discharge end, and accumulated before being removed. In the horizontal rotating drums 30 and 31 divided into separation chambers, the waste material is wetted to about 15% solids, and the material continuously falls on a hard surface. A very high degree of defiberization is reached at a distance of approximately one meter by repeating the operation more than 200 times. The rotating drum also acts as a screen, for which the rotating drum 31 has a perforated shell. The first chamber of the rotating drum 30 is long enough to allow the material to be fibrous and not drilled wet. The state in the drum 30 is maintained at about 15% and the drum is tilted slightly to move the material forward. That is, it moves from left to right as seen in the drawing. In the drum 31, the material is diluted to a low viscosity, and the fiber material is washed through the holes. It is too strong to collapse during slow defiberization and rejects too large to collect through the holes and passes through line 34 as a large pile of plastic and fabric, incinerated or buried.

회전드럼부(3l)의 구멍을 통해 통과하는 물질은, 혼합탱크(42)에 전달되도록 펌프(41)에 접속된 유지체스터(33)내에 수집된다. 혼합탱크(42)는 라인(43)으로부터 두텁게 된 하수 슬러지로 탈섬유화된 펄프를 혼합하고, 탱크(42)내의 동력화된 임펠러를 통해 조화된 무산소 소화 이송저장으로 혼합한다. 조화된 소화 이송저장은 라인(54)을 따라 펌프(53)에 의해 무산소 소화(44)로 펌프된다.The substance passing through the hole of the rotary drum portion 3l is collected in the holding chest 33 connected to the pump 41 so as to be delivered to the mixing tank 42. The mixing tank 42 mixes the defiberized pulp with thick sewage sludge from the line 43 and mixes in a harmonized anaerobic digestion transfer storage through a motorized impeller in the tank 42. The harmonized digestive transfer storage is pumped to the anaerobic digestion 44 by the pump 53 along the line 54.

무산소 소화(44)내에의 탈섬유화된 펄프를 만드는 셀룰로우즈의 침전은 메탄가스 CH4및 슬러지를 발생한다. 메탄가스는 수집되어 라인(45)에 의해 CO2세정기, 탈수소화 및 압축으로 제거된다. 무거운 그릿 및 슬러지는 라인(46)에 의해 탱크에서 물리적으로 제거된다. 슬러지는 라인(55)을 통하여 다어제스터로부터 제거되어, 슬러지를 두텁게하기 위해 압압된 벨트 필터(47)로 전달된다. 약 200°F인 회수된 물은 펄핑하는 드럼(30)으로 펌프되어 펌프(51) 및 라인(32)을 통해 펄핑하는 드럼(30)으로 라인(50)을 따라 탈섬유화 작용시 도움을 준다. 소화 슬러지로부터 제거된 열에너지는 회전드럼(30)내의 셀룰로우즈 파이버를 연화하도록 요하는 기계 에너지를 감소하도록 사용된다. 펌프(53)는 라인(56)을 통해 라인(52)을 따라 드럼(30)으로 약 150°F에서 무산소 소화로부터 초과하는 여과물을 제거한다. 필터 프레스(47)로부터의 두텁게 된 슬러지는 라인(48)을 따라 소각 또는 저장되도록 전달된다.Precipitation of cellulose to produce defibrillated pulp in anoxic digestion 44 generates methane gas CH 4 and sludge. Methane is collected and removed by line 45 in a CO 2 scrubber, dehydrogenation and compression. Heavy grit and sludge are physically removed from the tank by line 46. Sludge is removed from the dozer through line 55 and delivered to the pressed belt filter 47 to thicken the sludge. The recovered water, about 200 ° F., is pumped to the pulsing drum 30 to assist in the defiberization along the line 50 to the pump 30 and the drum 30 pulping through the line 32. The thermal energy removed from the digested sludge is used to reduce the mechanical energy required to soften the cellulose fibers in the rotating drum 30. Pump 53 removes excess filtrate from anoxic digestion at about 150 ° F. with drum 30 along line 52 via line 56. Thickened sludge from filter press 47 is delivered to be incinerated or stored along line 48.

Claims (7)

쓰레기 처리방법에 있어서, 건조 메카니컬 스크린 공정시 균일한 공정으로 처리되는 하수로부터 금속성 및 유리물질을 제거하고, 일차회전 디스크를 통해 건조물질을 통과하여 공기칼로 고체를 분리하고, 수평회전흐름내에서 습기로 상기 고체를 처리하고, 상기 회전흐름내에서 제 1펄프물질 및 제 2슬러지 물질을 분리하고, 펄프를 통해 상기 제 1물질을 통과하고, 무산소 처리를 통해 상기 제 2물질을 통과하는 공정으로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 쓰레기 처리장치.In the waste disposal method, metallic and glass materials are removed from the sewage treated in a uniform process during the drying mechanical screen process, solids are separated by air knife through the first rotating disk, and the moisture in the horizontal rotating flow Treating the solids with each other, separating the first pulp material and the second sludge material in the rotary flow, passing the first material through a pulp, and passing the second material through anoxic treatment. Garbage disposal apparatus, characterized in that. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 물질은 콘테이너 물질의 초기 분쇄를 위해 프레일 밀을 우선 관통하는 것을 특징으로 하는 쓰레기 처리장치.2. The waste disposal apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material first penetrates the foil mill for initial grinding of container material. 제 1 항에 있어서, 일차 디스크 스크린내의 고체에서 분리된 물질은 다른 분리를 위해 이차 회전 디스크 스크린을 통하는 것을 특징으로 하는 쓰레기 처리장치.The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the material separated from the solids in the primary disk screen is passed through the secondary rotating disk screen for other separation. 쓰레기 처리장치에 있어서, 처리하고자 하는 하수로부터 금속성 및 유리물질을 제거하는 제 1수단과, 제 1수단에서 물질을 수용하여 고체의 건조분리를 실행하는 제 2수단과, 대략 수평축으로 회전하는 제 2수단으로부터 고체물질을 수용하는 회전드럼과, 물질의 습처리를 위해 상기 회전드럼에 액체를 전달하는 수단과, 회전드럼에서 펄프물질을 수용하는 펄퍼와, 회전드럼에서 슬러지 물질을 수용하는 무산소 분리기로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 쓰레기 처리장치.A waste disposal apparatus comprising: first means for removing metallic and glassy material from sewage to be treated, second means for receiving material in the first means and performing dry separation of solids, and second rotating about a horizontal axis A rotating drum that receives solids from the means, a means for delivering liquid to the rotating drum for wet treatment of the material, a pulper for receiving pulp material in the rotating drum, and an oxygen-free separator for containing sludge material in the rotating drum. Garbage disposal apparatus, characterized in that made. 제 4 항에 있어서, 제 3수단은 상기 제 2수단에서 건조물질을 수용하고, 다른 분리를 실행하기 위해 제공된 것을 특징으로 하는 쓰레기 처리장치.A waste disposal apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the third means is provided for receiving the dry matter in the second means and performing another separation. 제 5 항에 있어서, 상기 제 2 및 제 3수단은 고체의 분리를 위해 공기분리칼을 구비하는 것을 특징으로 하는 쓰레기 처리장치.6. The waste disposal apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the second and third means comprise an air separation knife for separating solids. 제 4 항에 있어서, 상기 무신호 분리기는 회전드럼에 피이드백 하도록 접속된 액체방출부를 가지는 것을 특징으로 하는 쓰레기 처리장치.5. The waste disposal apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the signal-free separator has a liquid discharge portion connected to feed back to the rotating drum.
KR1019890701269A 1987-11-06 1988-10-11 Anaerobic digestion process KR950012672B1 (en)

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