KR950010811B1 - Process for refining clay - Google Patents

Process for refining clay Download PDF

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KR950010811B1
KR950010811B1 KR1019910011743A KR910011743A KR950010811B1 KR 950010811 B1 KR950010811 B1 KR 950010811B1 KR 1019910011743 A KR1019910011743 A KR 1019910011743A KR 910011743 A KR910011743 A KR 910011743A KR 950010811 B1 KR950010811 B1 KR 950010811B1
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South Korea
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kaolin
iron
hydrochloric acid
low
water
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KR1019910011743A
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Korean (ko)
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KR930002276A (en
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조성기
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조성기
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B33/00Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/10Eliminating iron or lime

Abstract

The method comprises (A) roasting a low quality kaolin containing iron impurity at 600-700 deg.C, (B) maintaning the temperature range of 50-90 deg.C for 50 minutes by adding some amount of hydrogen chloride, and (C) washing the HCl-added kaolin with pure water. This method is useful for removing iron only without loss of alumina in the kaolin.

Description

저질고령토의 정제방법Purification method of low quality kaolin

제 1 도는 본 발명을 실시하기 위한 일실시예로서의 제조장치 개략설명도.1 is a schematic illustration of a manufacturing apparatus as one embodiment for practicing the present invention.

제 2 도는 상기 제 1 도의 종단면도.2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of FIG.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 : 회전분급장치 2 : 원료투입장치1: Rotary classification device 2: Raw material input device

3 : 양수펌프 4 : 유동도태장치3: pump pump 4: flow selection device

5 : 침전탱크 6 : 다이아프램펌프5: settling tank 6: diaphragm pump

7 : 염산주입장치 8 : 교반장치7: hydrochloric acid injection device 8: stirring device

9 : 가열장치 10 : 반응탱크9 heating device 10 reaction tank

11 : 침출세척장치 12 : 회전건조장치11: leaching and washing device 12: rotary drying device

본 발명은 철분의 염산에 대한 강력한 친화력을 이용하여 통상 유화광물이 함유되어 있는 저질고령토중에 함유되어 있는 철분을 제거하기 위하여 철분제거에 필요한 당량의 염산과 철분이 일정온도에서 단시간내에 상호반응하게 하므로써, 고령토중에 함유된 알루미늄분의 손실없이 철분만을 수용성염으로 만들어 이를 깨끗한 정수로 침출세척함에 의하여 철분을 제거함을 특징으로 하는 저질고령토의 정제방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention utilizes a strong affinity for hydrochloric acid of iron so that the equivalent amount of hydrochloric acid and iron required for iron removal can be reacted within a short time at a constant temperature in order to remove iron contained in low quality kaolin containing emulsified minerals. The present invention relates to a method for refining low-quality kaolin, which removes iron by leaching and washing it with clean water to make iron only a water-soluble salt without loss of aluminum contained in kaolin.

종래의 고령토 정제방법은 대체로 고령토를 물로 처리하는 여러가지 수선(水選) 또는 철분제거를 위한 자력선광 부유선광등을 이용하고 있을뿐아니라 염산이나 황산을 이용하여 고령토내에 함유된 철분을 용출시키는 방법등이 제안된 바 있으나 그 어느 것이나 철분의 완전제거는 실질적으로 불가능하였다.Conventional kaolin refining methods generally use various repairs for treating kaolin with water or magnetic beneficiation flotation for iron removal, as well as a method of eluting iron contained in kaolin using hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid. Although this has been proposed, the complete removal of iron was virtually impossible.

특히 저질고령토에 함유된 철분은 산화철 뿐아니라 유화철도 일정비율을 함유하고 있는 것으로 그중 유화철은 염산이나 황산에 반응하지 아니하기 때문에 지금까지 염산이나 황산을 이용하는 단순한 방법으로서는 고령토중에 함유하고 있는 철분을 완전 제거할 수 없었던 것이며 따라서 저질고령토에서 고품질의 고령토를 얻을 수가 없었던 것이다.In particular, iron contained in low-quality kaolin contains a certain ratio of iron oxide as well as iron oxide. Among them, iron emulsification does not react with hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid. It could not be completely removed, and therefore, high quality kaolin could not be obtained from low quality kaolin.

본 발명은 그와 같은 문제점들을 해결하기 위한 것으로 먼저 고령토를 600~700℃로 가소하므로써 그중에 함유된 유화철 성분을 산화시켜 산화철 성분으로 바꾼다음 이를 염산에 반응시켜 함유된 철분을 용해 제거하는 것이다. 그러나 이때 또 문제가 되는 것은 고령토중에 필수적으로 함유되어 있어야 하는 약 35-40% 정도의 알루미나 역시 그 성질상 염산에 용해되는 것이다.The present invention is to solve such problems by first calcining the kaolin to 600 ~ 700 ℃ by oxidizing the iron iron component contained therein to the iron oxide component to react with hydrochloric acid to dissolve and remove the iron contained. However, another problem is that about 35-40% of alumina, which must be contained in kaolin, is also dissolved in hydrochloric acid.

이에 따라 본 발명에서는 고령토중에 함유하고 있는 철분만을 용해 제거하고 알루미나는 그대로 잔류시키기 위하여 염산과 철분의 반응조건을 한정하였다.Accordingly, in the present invention, the reaction conditions of hydrochloric acid and iron were limited in order to dissolve and remove only iron contained in kaolin and leave alumina as it is.

즉 반응시간을 약 50분으로 하고 반응온도를 약 50~90℃로 하였다.In other words, the reaction time was about 50 minutes and the reaction temperature was about 50 ~ 90 ℃.

물론, 이 경우 저질고령토는 미세하게 파쇄하여 회전세척분급장치에 투입하는데 일정 싸이즈 이상의 것은 다시 회수하여 미세하게 파쇄한다.Of course, in this case, the fine kaolin is finely crushed and introduced into the rotary washing classifier, and more than a predetermined size is recovered and finely crushed.

위와 같이 미립의 저질고령토를 얻도록 하므로써 염산과의 반응이 용이하도록 하는데, 통상 이 경우 고령트의 입자는 통상 2mm 이하의 직경을 가진 것이면 충분하다.As described above, by obtaining the fine granular clay, the reaction with hydrochloric acid is facilitated. In this case, the particles of the kaolin are usually sufficient to have a diameter of 2 mm or less.

가소된 저질고령토의 원토(原土)는 내부에 2~3중으로 된 망(網)으로 포위부착되어 있는 회전세척 분급장치내에 투입장치에 의하여 투입시키고 또한 펌프로 세척수를 함께 주입되게 한 후 서서히 회전 세척분급장치를 회전시키면 비중차이로 고령토중에 혼합되어 있는 사석(砂石)등은 분리되어 제거되면서 미립자의 저질고령토와 불순물등이 세척수와 함께 유출되어 유동도타장치(데-부루유사장치)를 완류로 통과하는 사이에 비중차이로 미립저질고령토의 불순물이 제거된다.The raw clay of calcined low-grade kaolin is introduced into the rotary washing classifier, which is enclosed with a double-triple net inside, by the feeding device, and the washing water is injected by the pump and then rotates slowly. Rotating the cleaning classifier separates and removes the mixed stone in the kaolin due to the difference in specific gravity and removes the low quality kaolin and impurities of the fine particles together with the washing water. Due to the difference in specific gravity between the passage through the stream, the impurities in the fine particulate kaolin are removed.

다음 미립의 저질고령토는 세척수와 함께 휩쓸러 배출되므로 배출되는 세척수를 통상의 펌프로 1~3개 순차로 연결되어 있는 침전탱크내에 순차적으로 충만되게 하면 미립의 저질고령토가 침전하게 된다.The fine granular kaolin is then swept away with the washing water, and when the discharged washing water is sequentially filled in a sedimentation tank connected to one to three with a conventional pump, the fine kaolin is precipitated.

그후, 최종 배출되는 세척수는 다시 위의 회전세척분급 장치내에 재투입되도록 하여 이용순환하게 한다.Thereafter, the final discharged wash water is returned to the above rotary washing classifier for use and circulation.

이러한 방법을 연속 순회시키면 위의 침전탱크내에는 점차적으로 미립자의 저질고령토가 침전되므로 이 침전된 저질고령토는 교반장치가 내장되어 있고 반응온도, 반응시간, 내압등을 조절할 수 있게 자동제어 가능하도록 한 내산(耐酸) 반응장치내에 다이아프램펌프로 투입하고 별도장치에서 준비한 염산 공급장치로부터 저질고령토 중에 함유되어 있는 철분만을 제거하는데 필요한 당량의 염산을 주입하고 염산과 반응되는 반응물이 비교적 낮은 온도범위인 50~90℃로 되게 별도의 가열장치로 가열하면서 이 온도로 약 50분간 유지되게 하면 저질고령토중 알루미늄성분의 손실없이 함유된 철분은 염산과의 강력한 친화력 때문에 상호반응하여 수용성의 염화철이 되므로 여기에 3~4회 정도 정수를 주입시키므로써 생성된 수용성 염화철을 정수에 의하여 침출세척하면 저질고령토중의 철분은 완전히 용해 제거되므로 저질고령토를 정제할 수 있게 된다.When this method is continuously circulated, the low-grade kaolin is gradually precipitated in the above-mentioned sedimentation tank. Therefore, this low-grade kaolin has a built-in agitator and can be automatically controlled to control the reaction temperature, reaction time, and internal pressure. The reactant reacted with hydrochloric acid is injected into a diaphragm pump in an acid-resistant reactor, and an equivalent amount of hydrochloric acid required to remove only iron contained in low-quality kaolin is supplied from a hydrochloric acid feeder prepared in a separate apparatus. If it is maintained at this temperature for about 50 minutes while heating it with a separate heating device to ˜90 ° C., iron contained in low-quality kaolin without loss of aluminum components reacts with each other due to its strong affinity with hydrochloric acid, thereby making it water-soluble iron chloride. Water-soluble iron chloride produced by injecting purified water about 4 times If the leaching of the iron sediment washed kaolin is able to purify the sediment kaolin is fully dissolved to remove.

상술한 정수는 깨끗한 담수를 의미하는 것으로 이 정수를 주입할때 조용히 주입하여 정지시키면 고령토내의 철분과 염산이 반응하여 생성된 염화철이 고령토속에서 침출되고 수용되어 용해되는 것이다.The above-mentioned purified water refers to clean fresh water. When the purified water is injected, when it is quietly injected and stopped, the iron chloride produced by the reaction of iron and hydrochloric acid in the kaolin is leached and contained in the kaolin and dissolved.

첨부된 도면으로 본 발명을 실시하기 위한 장치를 제 1 도에 개략적으로 도시하였다.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The apparatus for carrying out the invention in the accompanying drawings is schematically illustrated in FIG.

즉, 회전세척분급장치(1)내에 원토(原土) 투입장치(2)로 600~700℃ 정도로 가소(假燒)한 저질고령토를 투입하고, 양수기 또는 양수 펌프(3)로 세척용정수를 아울러 주입하면서 상기 회전세척분급장치(1)를 통상의 구동수단에 의하여 서서히 회전시키면 저질고령토속에 혼합되어 있는 사석(砂石)등은 분리제거하면서, 미립자의 저질고령토의 불순물을 세척수와 함께 위 분급장치 밖으로 유출된다.That is, low-grade kaolin, calcined at about 600 to 700 ° C., is introduced into the rotary washing classifier 1 by the raw soil input device 2, and the water for washing is pumped with a water pump or a pump 3. In addition, when the rotary washing and sorting device 1 is slowly rotated by the usual driving means while injecting, the stone or the like mixed in the low quality kaolin is separated and removed, while the impurities of the low quality kaolin together with the washing water are separated. Spill out of the device.

이때 유동도태(流動淘汰)장치(4)를 거쳐서 통하게 하여 미립자의 저고령토와 불순물을 비중차로 분리하게 하면서 유출되는 유출세척수를 펌프(3)로 여기에 1~3개 연결되어 있는 침전탱크(5) 내에 순차적으로 위 유출이 충만되게 서서히 주입하면 미립자의 저질고령토가 서서히 가라앉아 침전되면서 상등액만 유출시켜서 이 유출되는 액체를 세척수로하여 다시 회전분급장치(1) 내에 되돌리면 순환수로 이용가능하게 된다.At this time, the sedimentation tank (5) having one to three effluent wash water connected to the pump (3) while flowing through the flow selection device (4) to separate the low kaolin and impurities of the fine particles with a specific gravity difference (5). ) Sequentially slowly filling the outflow of the stomach into the fine clay, the clay of the fine clay gradually sinks and precipitates, leaving only the supernatant to return the outflowing liquid to the washing water and returning it to the rotary classification device (1) to make it available as circulating water. do.

이러한 방법으로 작업을 되풀이하면 침전탱크내(5)에는 미립자의 저질고령토가 점차적으로 많이 침전되므로 이를 침전탱크(5) 하부의 밸브조절로 다이아프램펌프(6)로 반응탱크(10)내에 이송시켜서 염산주입장치(7)로 공급되는 염산과 반응시켜 저질고령토중에 함유되어 있는 철분만을 용해제거하는데, 필요한 당량의 염산을 위 염산 주입장치(7)로부터 반응탱크(10)내에 주입하고 이 정도의 온도와 염산으로는 알루미늄은 반응하지 않으며 고령토내의 알루미늄은 손실되지 않는다.If the work is repeated in this way, the sedimentary clay in the sedimentation tank 5 is gradually precipitated, so that it is transferred to the reaction tank 10 to the diaphragm pump 6 by adjusting the valve under the sedimentation tank 5. By reacting with hydrochloric acid supplied to the hydrochloric acid injection device (7) to dissolve and remove only iron contained in low-quality kaolin, the required amount of hydrochloric acid is injected into the reaction tank (10) from the hydrochloric acid injection device (7) and the temperature With hydrochloric acid, aluminum does not react and aluminum in kaolin is not lost.

교반장치(8)로 염산이 주입된 반응물을 서서히 교반하면서 가열장치(9)로 반응물을 약 60℃로 가열하고 이 온도에서 약 50분 정도 유지되게 하면 염산이 증발하지 않으면서도 반응이 활성화되고 촉진될 수 있어 상기 교반장치(8)에 의해 염산과 교령토가 골고루 혼합되어 약 50분 정도의 시간만에 충분히 반응을 끝낼 수 있게 된다.By slowly stirring the reactant injected with hydrochloric acid into the stirring device (8), heating the reactant to about 60 ° C with the heating device (9) and maintaining it at this temperature for about 50 minutes to activate and promote the reaction without evaporating hydrochloric acid. The hydrochloric acid and the clay are evenly mixed by the stirring device 8 so that the reaction can be completed sufficiently in about 50 minutes.

즉, 저질고령토중에 함유되어 있는 철분은 염산과의 강력한 친화력으로 상호반응하여 수용성의 염화철(FeCl2)로 되므로 이 반응물을 별도의 침출세척장치(11)로 옮겨 여기에 깨끗한 정수를 적절히 주입하고 충분히 교반후 10~20분 정도 정치시키면 수용성 염화철이 모두 침출된다.In other words, iron contained in low-quality kaolin reacts with hydrochloric acid with a strong affinity to form water-soluble iron chloride (FeCl 2 ). If left still for 10 to 20 minutes after stirring, all of the water-soluble iron chloride is leached.

침출된 염화철의 상등액을 분리후 다시 적량의 정수로 3~4회 침출세척을 반복하면 이 수용성 염화철이 씻겨나가게 되므로 저질고령토중의 함유철분은 완전히 제거정제되고 따라서 철분이 제거된 고령토만을 분리하여 회전건조장치(12)에 보내어 탈수건조시킨다.If the supernatant of leached iron chloride is separated and repeated leaching three or four times with an appropriate amount of water, the water-soluble iron chloride is washed away. Therefore, iron-containing iron in low-quality kaolin is completely removed, and only the kaolin removed iron is separated and rotated. It is sent to the drying apparatus 12 and dehydrated and dried.

본 발명에 의하여 저질고령토중에 있는 알루미늄성분의 손실없이 고령토중에 함유된 철분은 염산과의 반응으로 수용성의 염화철로 수용액중에 침출되므로 철분이 다량 함유된 저질고령토라도 효과적으로 정제할 수가 있다.According to the present invention, iron contained in kaolin without loss of aluminum components in low-quality kaolin is leached in aqueous solution with aqueous iron chloride by reaction with hydrochloric acid, so that even low-quality kaolin containing a large amount of iron can be effectively purified.

Claims (1)

염산으로 고령토내에 함유된 철분을 용해 제거하여 저질고령토를 정제함에 있어서 철분이 함유된 저질고령토를 600~700℃로 배소하고, 이에 당량의 염산을 가하여 약 50분간 50~90℃의 온도를 유지한 다음 공지의 방법으로 수세함으로서 고령토중에 함유된 알루미나성분의 손실없이 철분만을 용해제거함을 특징으로 하는 철분을 함유하는 저질고령토의 정제방법.In purifying low-grade kaolin by dissolving and removing iron contained in kaolin with hydrochloric acid, the low-grade kaolin containing iron is roasted at 600-700 ° C, and an equivalent amount of hydrochloric acid is added to maintain a temperature of 50-90 ° C for about 50 minutes. A method for purifying low-quality kaolin containing iron, characterized by dissolving and removing only iron powder without losing the alumina component contained in the kaolin by washing with a known method.
KR1019910011743A 1991-07-11 1991-07-11 Process for refining clay KR950010811B1 (en)

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