KR950008991B1 - Differential gear - Google Patents

Abstract

a differential case for forming a ring gear fixing unit at which a ring gear is attached in a circumference surface thereof and for forming first and second chambers to which operational oil flows; first and second rotors formed radially around a center axis of a plurality of vain inserting grooves and rotatably installed within the first and second chambers; at least one or more operation oil flowing grooves supported by a compression spring within the inserting grooves; and a vane having a front end being contacted with an inner surface of the first and second chamber by rotation of the first and second rotors and moved forward and backward in a diameter direction.

Description

Fluid type automatic device with differential limiting function

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fluid differential with a differential limiting function according to the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a front sectional structural view of a chamber in a differential case along line A-A of FIG.

Figure 2b is a front cross-sectional structural view of the chamber in the differential case showing another embodiment.

3 is a sectional view of principal parts of a fluid differential according to line B-B in FIG. 2A.

Figures 4a and 4b is a schematic perspective view of a vane (El) is elastically installed in the vane insertion groove of the rotor of the present invention and the C-C cross-sectional structure diagram of Figure 4a.

5 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment employing the present invention as a differential device installed at the front, rear, and center of a full time front wheel drive (4WD) vehicle.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: Differential device 2: Differential housing

3: driving pinion 4: ring gear

5: Differential case member 6, 6 ': Axle shaft

7: Differential case body 8: Oil seal

9: bearing 10: differential case cover

11: hydraulic oil 12, 13: first and second chamber (Chamber)

14: ring gear fixing part 15: central bulkhead

16 bolt 17, 17 'front and rear drive shaft

18: vane insertion groove 19, 20: first and second rotor (Rotor)

21: compression spring 22, 22 ': working oil distribution home

23: tip 24: inner circumference

25: vane

The present invention relates to a fluid differential device having a differential limiting function in a vehicle differential device. More specifically, the present invention relates to a fluid differential of a hydraulic fluid generated in response to rolling resistance of left and right wheels of a drive shaft. To distribute the driving force to the front and rear drive shafts of the left and right wheels or the front wheel drive (4WD) vehicles of the drive shaft, respectively, and the axle shafts of the left and right wheels or the rotors connected to the front and rear drive shafts. The present invention relates to a fluid differential with differential limiting function that allows a limited slip within a predetermined ratio between differential cases to allow a large driving force to be transmitted to the other wheel of the drive shaft.

BACKGROUND ART A widely known vehicle differential is employed in a power distribution device for the left and right wheels of a car drive shaft or for the front and rear drive shafts of a 4WD car, and the rotation generated by the turning radius difference of each wheel when the vehicle turns. By absorbing the vehicle, the same torque is applied to the left and right wheels of the drive shaft, and the torque is distributed to the front and rear drive shafts at the same torque or at a constant rate, so that the vehicle can turn smoothly, steering is easily performed, It is to prevent tire slip by reducing wheel wear.

However, in such a differential device, either one of the left and right wheels of the drive shaft is placed on a road surface having a low coefficient of friction, for example, an ice sheet or a sludge road, or the wheel load decreases to reduce slip. If this occurs, the driving force of the differential device may be reduced due to the inherent function of the differential device, which may lead to an inoperable state. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device for securing smoother driving power by limiting the function of the original differential device. It is a fact.

The conventional differential limiting device associated with this technique is to pressurize the friction clutch with a thrust force by the cam mechanism of the pinion shaft part according to the mechanism of generating the differential limiting torque. Torque-sensitive using the tooth surface friction force of the gears generated when the gears or gears such as worm gears are engaged, and ② If a rotation difference occurs between the left and right wheels of the drive shaft or the front and rear drive shafts, the differential The speed-sensitive type of which the torque increases corresponding to the rotation difference, and the method of continuously varying the torque by the electronic control are known.

That is, in the rotor-sensitive differential limiting device according to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-286946 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-286947, the rotation is freely provided through a pinion shaft supported by the differential case. A housing member and a rotor member are installed on a pair of side gears engaged with the pinion to be supported, and the torque in the fluid chamber is changed by changing the volume in the fluid chamber by the cams therein to limit the differential to the flow resistance of the hydraulic oil. In this case, the cam body in the housing member and the rotor member makes a reciprocating motion in the radial direction while circumferentially contacting the cam surface by relative rotation along the cam surface when a rotational speed difference occurs in the left and right wheels of the vehicle. By changing the volume, the torque is transmitted while limiting the differential to the flow resistance of the working oil.

However, in the conventional differential limiting device as described above as well as the differential limiting device according to the above publications, a differential limiting torque is generated to increase the transmission torque on the low-speed rotation side as a differential resistance torque, and the differential limiting device The number of parts is increased because they are all coupled to mechanical elements such as side gear, pinion gear and pinion shaft, which are components of a conventional conventional differential device. As the structure increases, the structure becomes very complicated, the maintenance is poor, and the product cost is high.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned general conditions and problems, and an object thereof is to provide a vane (Vane) in a chamber of a predetermined shape such as an elliptic cylinder shape or a clover column shape in which hydraulic oil is enclosed in a differential case of an automobile. Rotor is installed elastically, and the space between the rotor and the differential case changes according to the relative position therebetween, so that the hydraulic oil enclosed in the space between the rotor and the differential case increases with the pressure increase. It is to provide a fluid differential that can perform the function of a power transmission device for transmitting a driving force.

In addition, another object of the present invention is a range of torque in which the flow rate of the hydraulic fluid per unit time through the oil pass groove of the vane and the vane insertion groove of the rotor is generated corresponding to the wheel rolling resistance of the drive shaft. It is proportional to, which is expressed as the amount of slip between the rotor and the differential case, which gives a difference in rotational speed between the left and right wheels of the drive shaft and the front and rear drive shafts of the front wheel drive vehicle when the vehicle is turning. To provide a fluid differential.

In addition, another object of the present invention, the difference in the flow rate of the flow of hydraulic fluid in the left, right or front, rear chamber, respectively, is limited to a predetermined value or less, such as the frictional resistance and the size of the hydraulic oil distribution groove, Even when the amount of slip is kept below a predetermined amount, the one side of the drive shaft revolves between the differential case and the rotor connected to the other wheel in a state in which one wheel of the drive shaft revolves on a road with small frictional resistance such as ice or sludge road. It is to provide a fluid differential device with a differential limiting function which improves the escape performance by easily limiting the slip amount of the drive shaft to the power transmitted to the other wheel of the drive shaft.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to simplify the structure without the need for complicated mechanical elements such as side gears, pinion gears, pinion shafts and separate differential limiters, which are the basic components of a conventional differential device, It is to provide a fluid differential device having a low noise, and thus a compact differential limiting function.

In order to achieve the objects as described above, the fluid differential device having the differential limiting function of the present invention is connected to the drive input side from the transmission connected to the engine, allowing left and right wheels and front wheels of the drive shaft to allow a difference in rotational speed. It is rotatably disposed in the differential housing of the differential device that distributes the driving force to the front and rear drive shafts of the wheel drive car, and at the outer peripheral surface, a ring gear fixing part capable of attaching a ring gear connected to the drive input side is formed. A differential case member forming a first chamber and a second chamber, each of which has a predetermined shape such as an elliptic cylinder shape and a clover column shape in which hydraulic fluid is enclosed symmetrically with respect to the central partition wall, and the left and right sides of the drive shaft. Axle shaft of the wheel and coaxially connected to either of the front and rear drive shafts of the front wheel drive car and insert a plurality of vanes And a plurality of compression springs in the vane insertion grooves of the first rotor and the second rotor and the first rotor and the second rotor rotatably installed in the first chamber and the second chamber, respectively. Respectively installed elastically through the front and rear, and at least one of the hydraulic fluid distribution grooves in the longitudinal direction, respectively, and the first chamber or the first at the front end by the relative rotation of the differential case member and the first rotor and the second rotor; And vanes capable of reciprocating in the radial direction while in frictional contact with the inner circumferential surface of the two chambers.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a fluid seat differential having a differential limiting function according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2a and 2b are front cross-sectional structural views of a chamber in a differential case according to the AA line of FIG. A front sectional view of the chamber of another embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the main part of the fluid differential apparatus according to the line BB of FIG. 2A, wherein the main configuration of the present invention is the differential case member 5, the first and the second rotor 19. FIG. , 20 and vanes 25.

That is, the drive pinion 3, which is the driving input side, is installed in the differential housing 2 of the differential device 1 which distributes the torque to the drive shaft of the vehicle, and the ring gear 4 is connected to the differential case member 5; It is made in one piece.

The differential case member 5 has a ring gear fixing portion 14 to which the ring gear 4 is attached to one side of the outer circumferential surface thereof, and an oil seal 8 on the differential case body 7 fixed as a bolt 16. The bearing 9 and the O-ring 26 are rotatably installed in the differential housing 2 in a sealing state with the differential case cover 10.

In addition, the inside of the differential case member 5, an elliptic cylinder shape or a clover column in which the hydraulic oil 11 is enclosed in left and right symmetry with respect to the inner central partition 15 of the differential case body 7. The first and second chambers 12 and 13 are formed in a predetermined shape such as a shape or the like, and the shape of the chamber may be configured in another shape.

On the other hand, inside the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 13, the axle shafts 6, 6 'of the left and right wheels of the drive shaft, or the front and rear drive shafts 17, 17 of the 4WD car. And a plurality of vane insertion grooves (18), (18), (18). The first rotor 19 and the second rotor 20 formed radially about the central axis are provided.

In addition, each vane insertion groove 18 of the first rotor 19 and the second rotor 20 is elastically installed through a plurality of compression springs 21, respectively, at least in the longitudinal direction at the front and rear surfaces, respectively. One working oil distribution groove 22, 22 ′ is formed, and the first and second rotors 22 and 22 ′ are formed, and the first and second rotors 22 and 22 ′ are respectively rotated by the relative rotation of the differential case member 5 and the first and second rotors 19 and 20. It consists of a configuration in which the vanes 25 capable of reciprocating in the radial direction while frictionally contacting the inner circumferential surface 24 of the first and second chambers 12, 13 are provided.

Referring to the operation and effects of the fluid differential device having a differential limiting function of the present invention having such a configuration as follows.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, the left and right wheels of the drive shaft or the front and rear wheels connected to the front and rear drive shafts of the front wheel drive vehicle on the driving input side from the transmission connected to the engine during the straight driving of the vehicle in a normal state. The first chamber 12 and the first chamber 12 of the differential case body 7 connected to the axle shafts 6 and 6 'are rotated at the same speed by receiving the same driving force by the connected differential device 1. The two chambers 13 and the first and second rotors 12 and 13 are respectively installed in the chamber 13 so that the space between the rotors 12 and 13 and the differential case member 5 is relative to each other. The hydraulic oil 11 enclosed in the rotors 12, 13 and the chambers 12, 13 of the differential case member 5 to transmit the driving force by the increase of the adhesive force according to the pressure increase is changed according to the position. It will function as a power train.

In this case, the hydraulic fluid 11 encapsulated in the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 13 may transmit torque at a sufficient fluid pressure in response to the rotational speed. Oil or silicone oil can be used, and a fluid capable of delivering sufficient torque at other fluid pressures is also possible.

On the other hand, the first or second chambers 12, 13 of the differential case member 5 when the wheel of either drive shaft revolves on a road surface having a low frictional resistance, such as an ice sheet or a sludge road, when driving in an abnormal state, for example. And a difference in rotational speed due to relative rotation between the axle shafts 6 and 6 'and the first or second rotors 19 and 20 spoken.

The rotors 19 and 20, which rotate in the chambers 12 and 13 while the rotational speed difference is generated, rotate the hydraulic oil 11 enclosed in the chambers 12 and 13 formed in the predetermined shape. 19), the vane 25 elastically installed through the compression spring 21 in the vane insertion groove 18 of (20) compresses the fluid in the fluid chamber formed by the hydraulic oil 11 while compressing the hydraulic oil ( The torque is transmitted while limiting the differential to the resistance by the fluid pressure in 11).

On the other hand, the rotors 19, (by frictional contact with the inner peripheral surfaces 24 of the chambers 12, 13 via the compression springs 21 in the vane insertion grooves 18 of the rotors 19, 20). The vane 25, which is integrally rotated with 20, is formed with at least one hydraulic oil distribution grooves 22 and 22 'in the longitudinal direction at the front and the rear thereof, so that the hydraulic oil distribution groove at the front when the hydraulic oil 11 is compressed. The hydraulic oil 11 is moved to the hydraulic oil distribution groove 22 'at the rear side through the 22, and the difference in which the hydraulic oil 11 is moved is the tip 23 of the vane 25 and the chamber 12, ( The frictional resistance between the inner circumferential surface 24 and the size of the working oil distribution groove are limited to the predetermined value or less, and in any case, the difference in slip amount is kept below the predetermined value or the ice or sludge road. Large driving force is transmitted to the other wheel of the drive shaft while the one wheel of the drive shaft revolves on the road surface with low frictional resistance such as This will improve the escape performance can escape.

In addition, the hydraulic oil distribution grooves 22 and 22 'respectively formed in the longitudinal direction on the front and rear surfaces of the vanes 25 may adjust the driving force transmitted to the wheels of the drive shaft according to the size and number of the distribution grooves. It is not limited to a certain size and a certain number or arrangement state.

In addition, FIG. 5 is a configuration diagram of a fluid differential device having differential limiting functions installed at the front, rear, and center of a 4WD vehicle, and the front axle of the apparatus of the present invention as shown in FIGS. The figure shows an example of application to a full time all-wheel drive (4WD) vehicle, which is applied to the front axle and the rear axle and adopted as the center differential. In this case, the differential case member 5 is coaxially installed with the front and rear drive shafts 17 and 17 'of the front wheel drive vehicle, and installed in the first and second chambers 12 and 13 therein. Torque is limited while the first and second rotors 19 and 20 and the vanes 25 reciprocate in the radial direction by the relative rotation of the rotor, limiting the differential to the resistance force by the fluid pressure of the hydraulic oil 11. It can be transmitted to the front and rear drive shafts 17 and 17 '.

On the other hand, according to the configuration of the first, second chambers 12, 13, and the first, second rotors 19, 20, etc. of the present invention, side gears, which are mechanical components of a conventional differential device, It eliminates the need for differential mechanism elements such as pinion gears and pinion shafts, making the structure simple and compact in size.

According to the fluid differential device having the differential limiting function of the present invention as described above, the vanes 25 are formed in the chambers 12 and 13 of the predetermined shape in which the hydraulic oil 11 in the differential case member 5 of the vehicle is sealed. Rotors 19 and 20 are elastically installed, and the space between the rotors 19 and 20 and the differential case member 5 changes depending on the relative positions therebetween so that the rotor 19 , (20) and the hydraulic oil (11) enclosed in the chamber (12), (13) can reliably transmit the driving force by the increase of the adhesive force according to the pressure increase, and left and right wheels and front wheels of the drive shaft when turning the car It is equipped with a differential function that enables flexible turning by giving a difference in rotational speed between the drive shafts before and after the drive car, as well as side gears, pinion gears and pinion shafts, which are components of the conventional differential apparatus 1, and separate No complicated mechanical components, such as differential limiters And the structure is simple, the noise is remarkably reduced, it is possible to compactly configure the differential itself accordingly.

In addition, the rotors 19, 20 and the chambers 12, 13 are configured to have two chambers 12, 13 coaxial with the front and rear drive shafts of the left and right wheel drive vehicles of the drive shaft. By transmitting the driving force by the relative rotation speed difference of), one of the wheels of the driving shaft revolves on the road surface with small frictional resistance such as ice or sludge road, and then transfers the large driving force to the other wheel of the driving shaft to escape easily. It is possible to improve the escape performance, it is an excellent effect that can be applied to such a four-wheel drive device.

Claims (1)

A rotor member is installed on the drive pinion, which is the driving input side from the transmission connected to the engine, and the side gears engaged with it, and the driving force is distributed to the left and right wheels of the drive shaft and the front and rear drive shafts of the front wheel drive by the hydraulic fluid resistance in the fluid chamber. In the fluid receiving differential device, a ring gear fixing portion 14 to which a ring gear 4 is attached is formed at one side of the outer circumferential surface thereof, and hydraulic oil is enclosed in left and right symmetry with respect to the inner central partition 15. Differential case member 5 forming the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 13 having a predetermined shape, axle shafts 6, 6 'of the left and right wheels of the drive shaft, and the front wheel drive vehicle. A plurality of vane insertion grooves 18, 18, 18 connected coaxially with either one of the front and rear drive shafts 17, 17 '. A first rotor 19 and a second rotor 20 formed radially about a central axis and rotatably installed in the first chamber 12 and the second chamber 13, respectively, and the first rotor ( 19) and elastically installed in each vane insertion groove 18 of the second rotor 20 through the compression spring 21 and at least one hydraulic oil distribution groove 22, 22 'in the longitudinal direction at the front and the rear, respectively. And the first chamber 19 and the second chamber 20 at the tip portion 23 by the relative rotation of the differential case member 5, the first rotor 19, and the second rotor 20. The fluid differential device having a differential limiting function, characterized in that the vane 25 is configured to be installed to reciprocate in the radial direction while in frictional contact with the inner peripheral surface (24) of the.