KR940009220B1 - Method of fixing flange to peripheral edge of a disc spring - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

[Name of invention]

Dish spring

[Brief Description of Drawings]

1 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of a preferred dish spring according to the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view of the embodiment.

3 and 4 are explanatory drawings of the embodiment.

5 is a schematic front view of another embodiment.

6 is a sectional view of the embodiment.

7 is a partial cross-sectional view of another embodiment.

8A is a perspective view of a state of use.

FIG. 8B is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 8A. FIG.

9 is a pressure displacement measurement.

10A to 10D are explanatory views of one embodiment of a diaphragm fixing method.

11A and 11B are explanatory views of another embodiment of the fixing method.

12 and 14 are cutaway front views of respective embodiments of the pressure detection device.

13 and 15 are cutaway side views of the same embodiment.

16 through 18 illustrate cross-sectional views of respective embodiments of keyboard switches.

19 is a schematic front view of a conventional dish spring.

Detailed description of the invention

[Technical Field]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a dish spring capable of achieving a uniform deflection over the entire surrounding area, and is mainly made of a steel plate, a stainless plate, a rubber plate, and a plastic plate, suitable as a spring for returning to the top of a diaphragm or a keyboard switch. It is about.

The present invention also relates to using the diaphragm as the diaphragm, using the key top return spring of the keyboard switch, and a pressure detector using the diaphragm, and a method of attaching the diaphragm to the support member.

[Background]

As the diaphragm dish spring, there is conventionally made the cross-sectional shape as a waveform which forms concentric ripples P around the center circle 10 of the raw material plate as shown in FIG. 19 (see FIG. 2). . In addition, the ripple P in the figure shows the trajectory of the bone part (hereinafter, the same).

However, this (D) has a large rigidity because the peripheral fixing portion is constructed by soldering or the like, while the central portion also has a large curvature radius, so that the rigidity is large. Therefore, the deflection of the periphery and the central portion is small, and the deflection is concentrated in the middle portion, so that when the material sheet is a metal, not only buckling or cracking occurs due to the metal fatigue, but also there is a problem that the characteristics, in particular, the restoring force change during long-term use.

As the keyboard switch, those shown in Figs. 16 to 18 are generally used. That is, as shown in FIG. 16, at the bottom of the keyboard case 41, the contact 42 is set and at the same time, the disk-shaped spring D is provided to cover the contact 42, and the key top 43 is provided. Pressing causes the spring D to drift downward through the step 44 to actuate the contact 42 to return to the restoring force of the spring D. In the case where the spring D is a conductive metal, some of the contacts 42 may be constituted by the spring D.

In FIG. 17, the coil spring 46 is inserted between the key top 43 and the step 44, and the pushing force characteristic is good. In FIG. 18, the lever 45 is fitted between the spring D and the step 44. As shown in FIG. Further, the pushing force characteristic refers to the relationship between the pushing depth of the key top 43 and the pushing force applied to the fingertip.

By the way, the spring D used for this kind of switch conventionally does not make any modification to the to-be-pressed surface (contact surface with the step 44), that is, a flat one. For this reason, the deflection characteristics and the return characteristics after deflection are often dependent on the properties of the material itself.

However, the improvement by material is at the same time expensive as it is at the limit. In addition, the key top 43 is not always limited to pressurized at the center of the upper surface, the faster the operation, so-called skilled operators become more pressing the end of the upper surface. This causes the horizontal force on the key top 43 and the step 44, and the force is transmitted to the spring D, so that the spring D is bent even by this component. This is because, in addition to the vertical component, the operation is further improved if the component is sag even by the horizontal component.

However, the spring D having the flat surface to be pressurized only resists the horizontal component, and if not sag, the operability becomes poor.

In the case of using the diaphragm as the diaphragm, as a conventional supporting means, as shown in Figs. 8A and 8B, the annular flanges (cases) having two front and rear edges of the diaphragm springs (cases 22 and 22) are shown. It is common to grow it with). This conventional fixing means bonds both flanges 22 and 22 with epoxy, silicone adhesive, or the like through the circumferential edges of the disc springs D, or integrates them by soldering at low temperature (190 to 210 ° C).

However, this conventional means has to fix the plate spring D and the flanges 22 and 22 until the adhesive and the solder are fixed, and the productivity is bad. In addition, adhesives and solders have problems not only in terms of heat resistance but also in that they cannot maintain constant characteristics over a long period of time. In other words, it is a problem that changes qualitatively with time.

Moreover, in the conventional supporting means, a considerable higher technique is required to impart an outward (centrifugal) tension evenly over the entire area of the disc spring (D). If this tension is not even, a problem arises in the characteristic.

The pressure detecting apparatus using the diaphragm will be described with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15, and the pressure detecting chamber 33 partitioned by the diaphragm D is formed in the casing 31, and the pressure detecting chamber 33 It is common to introduce a pressure detecting fluid a on one side 33a and a switch 34 on the other side 33b which acts on the deflection of the required amount of the diaphragm D.

In this pressure detection device, there is conventionally used a diaphragm (contacting spring) D shown in FIG. The diaphragm D has a problem of changing in quality over time. If it changes qualitatively over time, the pressure changes the detected value, etc., and a problem of reliability arises.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a disc spring and a diaphragm which sag evenly in the circumferential direction without any deflection of the stress and the operating direction during deflection.

The present invention also aims to increase the reliability of detection of the diaphragm device over the years by using the disc spring and to improve the operability of the keyboard switch. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for facilitating a diaphragm support operation and at the same time providing a tension in the centrifugal direction evenly over the entire diaphragm area.

[Initiation of invention]

The present invention has a configuration in which the disc spring is formed in a corrugated cross section which forms a vortex ripple from an arbitrary point around the center plate of the raw sheet.

When a pressing spring is applied to any point on the surface, the deflection caused by the pressure is transmitted to the entire area through the vortex ripple, so that the deflection spring is deflected evenly in the circumferential direction without deflection of the generated stress. .

If the vortex ripple starts from at least two or more points evenly distributed around the central circle, the stiffness of the surroundings becomes uniform and sags evenly in the circumferential direction.

When the number of ripples is odd, the ripple curvature radii across the entire region also approach each other, which makes the rigidity more uniform and sags evenly in the circumferential direction. If the ripples and valleys are continuously curved, the sag is smoothed.

In addition, when concentric ripples and outer circular ripples are provided, the deformation of the protruding shape occurring in the center portion during the press molding of the ripples is absorbed and dispersed by the concentric ripples, and the wrinkled deformations generated around the outer part are absorbed and dispersed by the outer circular ripples. . This absorption dispersion is further enhanced when the swirl ripples join the beginning and end of both circular ripples.

Therefore, when the disc spring is used in the diaphragm and the diaphragm apparatus, since the disc spring has the above characteristics, it has a constant characteristic (resilience) over a long period of time and high reliability.

In addition, when the disc spring is used for the key top return spring of the keyboard switch, since the pressing force, which is the characteristic of the disc spring, is transmitted to the whole area through the ripples, it is sag not only by the vertical component but also by the horizontal component. Achieve. This improves operability.

In the diaphragm fixing method of the present invention, in fixing the entire circumference of the outer circumferential edge of the diaphragm by a supporting member, the outer circumferential edge is formed by a packing sandwiched on the entire circumferential surface of the outer circumferential edge of the supporting member. It is to be pressed and supported by pushing the outer circumferential edge to the outside by the pressure contact surface inclined toward the outside.

In this way, the outer circumferential edge of the diaphragm is pushed and supported in the centrifugal direction of the diaphragm because the outer circumference of the diaphragm pushes the entire circumference outward.

In addition, the fixing method is to fix the entire circumference of the outer circumference of the diaphragm to the inner surface of the annular flange having a cross-sectional L-shape, so that the lower surface of the diaphragm is pushed outwardly downward to the outer circumference of the diaphragm. Receiving the flange with a first step of pushing the entire circumference downward to insert the circumferential edge into a downward groove formed along the bent line of the inner surface of the flange, and a lower mold closely fitting to the lower surface and the inner surface of the flange, A second step of pushing the outer peripheral edge of the upper surface of the raised portion of the flange to the pressing surface by a punch whose outer surface is bent downwardly to pass the raised portion to the inner side; The lower surface, which becomes the pressing surface, of the raised flange rising portion is pressed downward by a punch inclined outward. It may be configured as a third process.

When the diaphragm is made of metal, the flange has good crimping performance when the diaphragm and the same material are used. Preferably, the flange is an annealing material.

In this configuration, the grooves are crushed by inserting the circumference of the diaphragm outer circumferential edge into the groove in the first step, and then passing the flange riser inward in the second step, so that the entire circumference of the diaphragm outer circumferential edge is flanged. Is fixed to.

In this state, in the third process, the diaphragm outer circumferential edge is sandwiched between the flanges by further pressing and crushing the flange rising portion, and at the same time, the diaphragm outer circumferential edge is oriented outwardly by the pressing surface inclined upwardly. (Centrifugal direction) tension is given.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

It will be described according to the accompanying drawings in order to describe the present invention in more detail.

Example 1

In this embodiment, the diaphragm is a diaphragm spring. The material used is a stainless steel foil having a thickness of 0.15 mm, which has a finish outer diameter of 25.4 mm, and the material has a thickness of 0.026 mm and a width of 34 mm. It's a hoop.

This material foil is the embodiment shown in FIG. ₁ and FIG. ₂ , and the width (d; valley and valley of each ripple (P ₁ , P ₂ , P ₃ : generic name: P) in the same drawing) (Excluding the inlet) is 1.8 mm, the diameter of each of the central circular ripples P ₁ is 5.9 mm ø, and the inner ripples of the outer ripples P ₂ are 16.7 mm ø, and the swirl ripples shown in FIG. The bone curvature r of (P) is 1.5 mm and the mountain curvature r 'is 1.0 mm so as to be adjacent to each other at a third position of the central circular ripple P ₁ to form a swirl ripple P. The height t was 0.3 mm, the height difference T between the outer periphery of the diaphragm D and the center was 1.5 mm, and the curvature R of the diaphragm D was 100 mm.

In addition, each of the vortex ripples (P) is terminated in one rotation, but is not limited to this, and the dimensions of each site is not limited to this, the diaphragm (D) by the experiment, etc. in consideration of the use site, material, and the like. Choose appropriately. In addition to the stainless foil, known materials such as copper alloy foil such as phosphor bronze and beryllium copper, rubber, and plastic can be used.

Manufacturing of the said diaphragm D is press-formed and punched out by the metal mold | die designed based on the said specification (shape). The mold is basically manufactured by electric discharge machining and then used after adjustment. In the press forming, circular ripples toward the outside (P _1, P ₂₎ in the formation, and a positive ripple (P _1, P ₂₎ Because both ends of the spiral stir (P ₃₎ there is hamryu swirling stir (P ₃ ) Deformation due to molding is absorbed into the circular ripples P ₁ and P ₂ so that wrinkles do not occur.

In the production of the electrode S for electric discharge machining for manufacturing the metal mold, the specifications of the diaphragm D are input to a milling machine which can be controlled in three dimensions, for example, and the ripples shown in FIG. Produced by forming irregularities forming P).

The electrode attachment rods 14 are mounted on the electrode S thus obtained through the boss 13 as shown in FIG. 4, and the electrode S is mounted on an electric discharge machine to produce a mold W. As shown in FIG. The mold W requires a male mold and a female mold, but forms two molds W obtained by the above-mentioned electric discharge machining, and performs the above-mentioned electric discharge machining on one side as an electrode to the workpiece and the remaining metal mold W. Male and female molds are obtained by this.

Example 2

In the first embodiment, as shown in Figs. 5 and 6, this embodiment does not form inner and outer concentric circular ripples P ₁ and P ₂ , and is divided into three portions around the central circular shape 10. Adjacent to each other in position to form a swirl ripple (P).

Based on this Example, the test preparation examples (1-4) of the specifications (t, T, etc.) shown in following Table 1 were produced by the said manufacturing means shown in the said Example 1. Moreover, all use a stainless foil (hoop), and each thickness is 0.015 mm, curvature R: 100 mm, and the finish outer diameter of the diaphragm D: 25.4 mm, respectively. In addition, the cross section of the ripple (P) of Test Preparation Example 1 is shown in FIG. 7, and the other is shown in FIG.

The number of turns of the ripples P was determined by the width (bone spacing d) of the ripples P, but the test production examples (1, 2) were once and a half, and the test production examples (3, 4) were twice.

TABLE 1

BA: Bright flame fire 3 / 4H: 1/4 flame fire

The diaphragm D thus produced is supported by the flaming flange 22 as shown in FIG. 8, and the result of pressure displacement measurement is shown in FIG.

In Fig. 9, the test production examples (3, 4) have a large rise (200 to 500 mmH ₂ O), and it can be seen that the digital output (on-off) can be obtained at the site. Either way, you can use enough for each example.

As shown in FIG. 10A, the support fixing of the diaphragm D first fixes the annular flange 22 having a cross-sectional L-shaped shape (material: SUS304, 316) on the base 23, and on the horizontal portion 22a. The diaphragm D is placed in the same manner as the dashed line, and the outer surface of the diaper diaphragm D is formed as a solid line by the punch 24 in which the lower surface 24a serving as the pressing surface is curved downward. The plate is pushed downward to sag into a flat plate shape, and the entire circumference of the outer circumferential edge is inserted into the downward groove 22c along the bend line of the inner surface of the flange 22. In this insertion state, the outer peripheral edge of the diaphragm D in the original horizontal state is inserted into the downward groove 22c so that the outer peripheral edge thereof is brought into contact with the upper surface of the groove 22c by its return force.

Next, as shown in FIG. 10B, the flange 22 in the above state is supported by the lower mold 25 in which the lower surface and the inner surface of the horizontal portion 22a are closely fitted to each other, and the lower surface 26a becomes a pressing surface. This outer downwardly curved punch 26 pushes the edges of the upper surface outer periphery of the raised portion 22b of the flange 22 to pass inward. By this action, the groove 22c is crushed so that the entire circumference of the outer peripheral edge of the diaphragm D is fixed to the flange 22 (see also 10c).

Then, as shown in FIG. 10C, the lower surface 27a serving as the pressing surface instead of the punch 26 pushes the flange upwardly raised portion 22b downward by the punch 27 inclined outward. By this action, the flange 22 is cocked, and the outer periphery of the diaphragm D is sandwiched between the flanges 22 to be fixed, and at the same time as shown in FIG. 10d by the pressing surface (lower surface 237a) inclined upwardly outward. An outward (centrifugal) tension is imparted to the outer circumferential edge of the diaphragm D. This tension is equally applied to the entire circumference of the diaphragm D, so that the deflection action is uniform. That is, the characteristic is stable.

As other supporting fixing means of the diaphragm D, the packing 28 is sandwiched through a dovetail groove 20a around the entire support surface of the supporting member 20 as shown in FIGS. 11A and 11B. Then, the pressure contact surface 28a of the packing 28 is inclined outwardly toward the contact surface with the diaphragm D, and the outer peripheral edge of the diaphragm D is inserted between the packings 28 and 28, By the bolt 29. By this fastening, the packing 28 is bent outside, and the outer circumferential edge of the diaphragm D is pressed in the centrifugal direction. That is, the entire diaphragm region is stretched in the centrifugal direction.

In addition, although foil is used for a raw material in Examples 1 and 2, it is natural that when the diameter of the diaphragm D is large, or when the target measurement pressure is high, a large thickness is used.

Example 3

In this embodiment, the diaphragm D is used for the pressure detection device. As shown in Figs. 12 and 13, the casing 31 is composed of three members 31a, 31b, and 31c, and the member 31a. , 31b) is provided with a pressure detection chamber 33. The diaphragm D is provided through the packing 32 between both members 31a and 31b, and the pressure detection chamber 33 is divided into two chambers 33a and 33b by this diaphragm D. As shown in FIG. The pressure detecting fluid a is guided to the one detection chamber 33a from the pressure inlet 35, and the diaphragm D sags based on the pressure change. The entire circumference of the joint surface of both members 31a and 31b is sealed by the sealing ring 36.

Another member 31c of the casing 31 is fixed to the member 31b by a screw 37, and a switch 34 is formed in the member 31c. The switch 34 is composed of a contact 34a, a lever 34b thereof, an actuating ram 34c, and the like. The actuating ram 34c penetrates through the member 31b, the upper end of which the diaphragm D is in contact with and detachable, and the lower end is in contact with the lever 34b. The lever 34b is freely supported by the support lever 34d, and an operating pressure adjuster 38 in which the member 31c is screwed on the lower surface thereof is brought into contact with the spring 39. By adjusting the amount of screwing of the adjuster 38, the positions of the lever 34b and the actuating ram 34c are determined, and the diaphragm D is operated at the time of the rising characteristic in the deflection of the diaphragm D by this adjustment. The ram 34c is pushed to activate (on or off) the contact 34a.

14 and 15, the deflection sensor of the diaphragm D is composed of a differential transformer 34e, an iron core lever 34b, an actuating ram 34c, and the like instead of the switch 34. As shown in FIG. This also determines the position of the lever 34b and the operating ram 34c by adjusting the screwing amount of the adjuster 38 as described above, and the deflection state becomes a linear phenomenon when the diaphragm D deflects by this adjustment. In the state, the diaphragm D pushes the operation ram 34c to move the iron core of the differential transformer 34e. At this time, the detection value is compensated in consideration of the elastic force of the spring (39).

As in this embodiment, the diaphragm type pressure detecting device can be attached to the bottom of the water tank so as to transmit the water pressure to the detection chamber 33a. For example, it is employ | adopted for the water level monitoring and control of a fully automatic washing machine.

When the detection fluid a is guided by the fluid transport system, the back pressure fluctuation of the transport system can be detected, and a control detector for a valve or the like installed in the transport system can be provided. For example, the water supply and drainage of the water heater, the fuel of the engine, and attached to the air passage of the air conditioner can detect the clogging of those clogging filters.

In this embodiment, when the pressure detecting chamber 33a is sealed and the thermal expansion gas is sealed in the chamber 33a, the mechanism for monitoring and controlling heat change or the temperature measuring mechanism can be used. For example, it can be set as the detection part of the fire alarm.

Example 4

In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 16 to 18, the diaphragm D of the first and second embodiments is used as the spring for returning the key top 43 of the keyboard switch. The configuration of the switch is as described in the "Background Art", and when the key top 43 is pushed, the dish spring (D) smoothly sags, and the contact 42 is turned on. The contact 42 is turned off. That is, good operability is obtained.

Moreover, of course, the disc spring of the present invention can be used not only as a diaphragm and a spring for returning to the key top, but also as another device member.

Industrial availability

As described above, the disc spring according to the present invention is useful as a diaphragm and as a spring top return spring of a keyboard switch such as a word processor personal computer, and is suitable for a device requiring smoothness and certainty in its sag action. .

Claims (10)

A disc spring comprising a corrugated cross section showing a swirl ripple (P) from an arbitrary point around the stock plate center circle (10). 2. The dish spring according to claim 1, wherein the vortex ripple (P) is started at at least two points at equally angular positions in the circumferential direction around the center plate of the raw material sheet (10). The counter spring according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of the ripples is an odd number. The dish spring according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the peaks and valleys of the ripples are formed in a continuous curved surface. The method of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the material board center circle (10) adjacent the periphery and at the same time form a concentric ripples (P ₁₎ is placed a concentric ripples (P ₁₎ and the concentric and also a predetermined distance Forming an outer circular ripple (P ₂ ), between the two circular ripples of the vortex ripple (P ₃ ), characterized in that the spring. 6. The dish spring according to claim 5, wherein the end of the start and end of the swirl ripple (P ₃ ) is joined to the central circular ripple (P ₁ ) or the outer circular ripple (P ₂ ). The diaphragm which used the dish spring (D) in any one of Claims 1-6. In the diaphragm device in which the entire circumferential edge of the diaphragm (D) according to claim 7 is sandwiched and fixed by two annular flanges (22) at the front and rear sides, the two flanges (22) are integrally connected to each other in the outer circumference, The diaphragm characterized in that between the two flanges 22, the entire circumferential edge of the diaphragm D is inserted, and both flanges 22 are compressed by giving the diaphragm D equal tension in the entire circumference. Device. In the case where the entire circumference of the outer circumferential edge of the diaphragm D according to claim 7 is fitted into the support member 20, the packing 28 is fitted to the entire circumferential surface of the outer circumferential edge of the support member 20. And pressing and supporting the outer circumferential edge by pushing the outer circumferential edge outwardly by a pressure-contacting surface (28a) that is inclined outward toward the outer circumferential edge of the diaphragm. In fixing the entire circumference of the outer circumferential edge of the diaphragm D according to claim 7, to the inner surface of the annular flange 22 having a cross-sectional L-shape, the punch whose lower surface 24a serving as the pressing surface is curved to the outer lower form. A first step of pushing the entire circumference of the outer circumferential edge of the diaphragm D downward by means of 24 to insert the circumferential edge into the downward groove 22c formed along the bend of the inner surface of the flange 22; The flange 22 receives the flange 22 from the lower mold 25, which closely fits to the lower surface and the inner surface of the flange 22a, and the outer peripheral edge of the upper surface of the upper surface of the raised portion 22b of the flange 22. A second step of pushing the punch 26 with the lower surface 26a to be outwardly downward so that the rising part 22b is moved inward, and the flange 22 is received from the lower mold 25. The flange rising part 22b which is over in the state becomes the pressurizing surface Surface (27a) of fixation of the diaphragm (D), characterized in that the pusher consists of a third step downwards in an inclined punch 27 upward to the outside.