KR930004764B1 - Truss structrue and die for making it - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Truss structure and mold for manufacturing same

1 is a partial perspective view of a first embodiment of the truss structure of the present invention with a flat solid side wall.

2 is a partial plan view of the truss structure of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional side view of the truss structure taken along line 3-3 of FIG.

4 is a side view of the upper and lower mold rows used to form the first embodiment of the truss structure.

5 is a schematic representation of a single mold used to make a first embodiment of a truss structure.

6 is a schematic view of a mold with parallelogram edges machined to produce a parallelogram strut in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention.

7 shows a second side view of the mold shown in FIG. 6 with two parallelogram walls and two triangular walls and optionally with triangular edges 39 processed.

8 is a bottom view of the mold shown in FIG. 7 showing a hexagonal bottom with machined vertices.

9 is a schematic view of a mold having parallelogram edges and horizontal grooves machined to make a horizontal support of parallelograms according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of a fourth embodiment of a truss structure with flat solid sidewalls and parallelogram horizontal supports. FIG.

FIG. 11A shows a core structure with hollow parallelogram walls formed by parallelogram struts.

FIG. 11B shows the core structure of FIG. 11A with additional triangular struts. FIG.

12 is a plan view showing a conventional structure which forms the basis of another embodiment of the present invention.

13 is a sectional view taken along the line 32-32 of FIG.

14 is an idealized top view of the structure shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 forming tetrahedral cavities.

FIG. 15 is a plan view showing an embodiment of the present invention based on the conventional structure of FIGS. 12-14.

FIG. 16 is similar to FIG. 15 but illustrates a changed shape.

FIG. 17 is a view similar to FIG. 15 but showing another changed shape.

FIG. 18 is a plan view showing a combination of all the embodiments of FIGS. 15 to 17. FIG.

FIG. 19 is a plan view showing a partial combination of the embodiment of FIG. 16 and FIG. 17;

FIG. 20 is a plan view illustrating the embodiment of FIG. 19 from opposite shaft portions.

FIG. 21 is a sectional view taken along the line 40-40 of FIG.

22 is a perspective view of the embodiment of FIGS. 19 to 21.

FIG. 23 is a perspective view of a mold used to make the structure shown in FIGS. 19 to 22. FIG.

24 is a plan view of another embodiment according to the present invention corresponding to the embodiment of FIGS. 19-22 with the apex of the truncated and perforated structure.

FIG. 25 is a cross sectional view taken along the line 44-44 of FIG.

FIG. 26 is a perspective view of a mold for forming the structures of FIGS. 24 and 25;

FIG. 27 is a plan view of a modified embodiment of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 24 and 25. FIG.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

10 truss structure 18 top plate

20: lower plate 22,32,300: mold

26 parallelogram wall 28 triangular sidewall

30: vertex 63,64: prop

71: Hub

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a honeycomb truss structure, wherein various honeycomb structures are known to be used as support walls, building interiors and roofs, for example, Fig. 15, February 15, 1972. U.S. Patent Nos. 3,642,566 and 3,645,833, issued February 29, 1972, show a truss structure with tetrahedral shaped elements.

U.S. Pat.Nos. 3,849,237 and 3,906,571, issued November 19, 1974 and September 23, 1975 to Zetlin, present structures having tetrahedral cross sections made of metal sheets bonded together. U.S. Patent No. 3,914,486, issued October 21, 1975 to Borgford, discloses a three-sided semi-cuboidal structure with mutually coupled bottoms, and another patent, Squac Rock ( The structure presented in US Pat. No. 2,481,046, issued September 6, 1949 to Scurlock, is similar to the structure presented by Borgford, but in this structure a three-sided semicubic tetrahedron or four-sided pyramid Replaced by

In such a conventional structure, it is difficult to make a mold (mold) is expensive manufacturing costs, there is a problem that can not be easily formed in a different shape because only made of a sheet.

In addition, conventional light truss structures are not robust and cannot be twisted or pressed without damaging the structure, and if any part of the structure is stressed, the stress cannot be properly distributed through the structure, resulting in breakage of the structure. There was a problem.

Accordingly, the present invention overcomes the conventional problems by providing a sturdy and lightweight truss structure that can be formed into a flat, circular or other bent form that can be easily casted. Another feature and advantage of the truss structure according to the present invention is that the stress applied to a certain part of the structure is distributed through the structure to improve the strength, the feature and advantage of the truss structure according to the present invention is easy and valued as a hexagonal bar It is in a die that is used to make structures with walls that can be manufactured cheaply.

It will be appreciated that these and other features and advantages of the present invention reside in a lightweight, high-strength, truss structure with a core having several interconnected cavities, each with a hexagonal bottom, the upper and lower outer sides of the core. The surface has several hexagonal bottoms coupled to the honeycomb array, with each cavity in the core being a unique tetrahedral shape that is integral with the hexagonal bottom and tetrahedron or pyramidal sidewalls.

The tetrahedral cavity has three parallelogram sidewalls and one vertex of each parallelogram sidewall intersects with the corresponding vertex of the other two parallelograms forming the apex of the tetrahedron, the opposite of each of the parallelograms. The vertex intersects one of the six vertices of the hexagonal bottom.

The other six sides of the tetrahedral cavity are any right triangle, which is arranged in pairs with a common first triangle edge, and the second triangle edge of each triangle is the edge of the hexagonal bottom.

The third triangular edge of each triangle is the edge of the parallelogram sidewall.

The walls of the cavity may be solid, or they may be formed by a series of parallelogram pillars for uniform lightweight construction. Horizontal support posts can be added to increase strength.

The core may be formed in a circular, flat or bent shape, and the upper and lower honeycomb array surfaces of the core may be optionally covered with an outer plate to form a wall panel. Sheathed structures are used in any case, such as airplanes, boat hulls, rocket walls, and vacuum chambers, which require lightweight, high strength, and good performance for compression.

The main advantage of such a truss structure is that it can be molded and manufactured, and in order to produce such a structure, it is necessary to have cavity walls surrounded by walls, and two opposing plates must be joined in close contact, with each plate extending from its face. It must have adjacent rows of molds. Each of the molds has a tetrahedral shape corresponding to the tetrahedral cavity described above. The hexagonal bottom of the mold is fixed to the plate, and the vertices of the tetrahedral mold on each plate are moved closer to and aligned with the supplemental cavity between the molds on the opposite plates.

Core material, such as molten plastic, flows between the opposing molds of the two plates to form a truss structure with walls, so that the shell plate is fixed to the upper and lower honeycomb surfaces of the core. In truss structures with parallelogram struts, hollow parallelogram sidewalls are formed instead of wall cavity walls, and the opposing molds are arranged such that substantially opposing walls contact each other. However, the edge of the mold is machined downward so that the molten plastic flows to the left of the void between the opposed molds by the machined portion of the edge. Thus, parallelogram struts are formed at each location where the three plate faces intersect the wall cavity wall in another embodiment. The additional horizontal support struts form horizontal grooves in three parallelogram sidewalls except the outer wall of the mold around the mold array such that each horizontal groove is joined with two opposing parallelogram vertices in each of the parallelogram walls with dense horizontal grooves. Can be produced by Plastic flows into the grooves to form horizontal struts, and the truss structure with horizontal struts is a very strong structure because the horizontal parallelogram struts meet to form a hub of 12 points in 12 directions. This twelve point hub structure provides maximum stability and allows this load to be distributed throughout the entire structure no matter what load is applied to any part of the structure.

Wall cavity walls according to embodiments of the present invention can be drawn or stamped from metal because the total surface area of each cavity is equal to the outer surface area and there is no additional surface area on any inner surface of the cavity.

The structure can be made by truncating the vertices of the tetrahedron and / or by hollowing out.

The wall core structures presented in the above mentioned patents of Borgford and Squark Rock were very flexible without the addition of shells. In these two patents, a method of fabricating a structure against bending by adding a tetrahedron, that is, a vertex of pyramids interlocked with each other is presented, and according to another embodiment of the present invention, a patent of Borgforod and Scooter Lock The basic structure disclosed in the present invention greatly improves the rigidity and bending resistance of the structure by replacing the outer shell with a vertical support wall, and greatly reduces the weight and volume. In particular, this object is achieved by replacing a vertically extending hexagonal bottom in the wall core with a vertically extending support wall that is at least partially mutually coupled near the tetrahedral vertex and / or the bottom vertex. This shape allows the structure to be rigid and thin without the addition of the shell.

These and other features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following description of the preferred embodiments made with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a partial perspective view of a first embodiment of a truss structure according to the invention, in which the truss structure 10 has a row of cavities 12 arranged in a honeycomb form, each of which will be described below. The cavities of are made by side walls 13 of several wall planes. The honeycomb cavities are covered by the upper shell 14 and the lower shell 16 to form a wall planar structure 10.

The outer plates 14 and 16 are fixed to the honeycomb surfaces at the top and bottom of the structure to form a wall planar surface, and the core with the cavity 12 is compressible and lightweight high strength such as boat hull, aircraft and vacuum chamber. Can be used where required. The core shown in FIG. 1 can only bend to a limited extent.

2 and 3 show a first embodiment of the structure shown in FIG. FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of the structure showing the honeycomb top surface of the core in the structure, wherein the hexagonal bottoms of the cavities 12 are joined together to form the top surface of the core, and FIG. 3 is line 3 of FIG. Side cross-sectional view of structure 10 taken along −3. The side wall 13 forms a cavity 12, which is covered by the upper shell 14 and the lower shell 16.

The core has several tetrahedral cavities aligned in a honeycomb arrangement to form the upper and lower array surfaces, each of which is essentially tetrahedral and has a tetrahedral edge, which is located at the top and has six bottom vertices and It is integrated with a hexagonal bottom with six bottom edges. The vertex of the tetrahedron coincides with the vertex of the cavity, and has three parallelogram sidewalls of the cavity and may have six triangular sidewalls. Each parallelogram wall has four parallelogram vertices and four parallelogram edges, each triangle having three triangle vertices and three triangle edges.

If any triangular wall is not used, the core can be easily bent and such a core can also be drawn or drawn from a metal such as aluminum. The bottom of this cavity will have three bottom vertices and three bottom edges.

For each parallelogram wall of the cavity, one parallelogram vertex intersects the cavity vertex, so three parallelogram vertices generate the cavity vertex. Opposite parallelogram vertices on each of the parallelogram walls intersect the vertices of the hexagonal bottom.

Any six triangular walls are arranged in pairs between adjacent parallelogram walls, each pair of triangular walls having a first common triangular edge, and in each triangle a second triangular edge is the bottom edge and The third triangular edge of each triangle is the edge of the parallelogram.

The shape of the cavity is generally the same as the wall shape of the tetrahedral mold described later in combination with FIG. 5 for the core structure with triangular walls.

After the core has been fabricated, the shell may be secured to the upper and lower honeycomb surfaces of the core.

In FIG. 4, the structure 10 is preferably formed by a forming, drawing or drawing process, in which upper rows of adjacent tetrahedral molds 22 are attached to the upper plate 18, the upper plate being The lower rows of molds 22 are arranged in the same manner as they are attached to the lower plate 20. If a molding process is used, molten plastic is injected into the space between the upper and lower molds 22 to form the core of the structure. If the structure is drawn or drawn out of the metal, the metal plate is placed on the lower mold 22 and shaped by the downward force of the mold 22 attached to the upper plate 18.

To make a planar wall core without triangular wall, adjacent molds 22 on the same plate are arranged in contact with each other to prevent plastic from flowing between the plates. The plastic flows only between the molds on the other plate.

The structure is fabricated using a series of generally identical molds 22 having an unusual shape, each of which has a tetrahedral hexagonal shape, wherein the tetrahedron (pyramid) is integral with the hexagonal bottom and sidewalls, and the fifth Figure shows this mold. In FIG. 5, the mold 22 has a tetrahedron with a vertex 30 and a parallelogram wall 26, the hexagonal bottom 24 and the six triangular sidewalls 28 of this bottom being tetrahedral and four of these tetrahedrons. It is integral with the four parallelogram walls 26 and forms a tetrahedron hexagon shape. The vertex of the tetrahedron coincides with the vertex of the mold, which is located on the opposite end of the mold from the bottom.

As shown in FIG. 5, the mold 22 has three parallelogram walls 26, each of which has four parallelogram edges 27 and four parallelogram vertices 29, 30, 31 and 33. ) Vertices 30 of each parallelogram wall intersect the vertices. Opposite parallelogram vertices 29 intersect the vertices of hexagonal bottom 24.

In addition, the mold 22 has six triangular walls 28 arranged in pairs, each of the triangular walls 28 having three triangular edges 25, 27 and 35, and each pair of walls 28. Has a common first triangular edge 25, each of the triangular walls 28 has a second triangular edge 35, which is a bottom edge, and a third triangular edge 27, which is a parallelogram edge.

The vertex angle τ may be 60 ° so that the upper portion of the tetrahedral hexagon mold is a constant tetrahedron, but the vertex angle τ may vary from 0 ° to 120 °.

All other angles are determined by the selection of the vertex angle, and the volume of the mold and truss structure is determined by the vertex angle and the distance between the vertex and the bottom of the mold.

The mold 22 can be made of an element of a hexagonal bar in which three cuts are formed to form parallelogram sidewalls 26 and the cuts are formed such that these parallelogram walls meet at apex 30.

Instead of having sidewalls of the wall plane, the truss structure according to the invention may have parallelogram struts formed with hollow parallelogram walls to create lighter and lighter structures.

Parallelogram struts are formed by machining the parallelogram edges of the tetrahedral hexagonal mold 22 shown in FIG. 5 down, so that space is formed between adjacent edges when three molds meet during the molding process. Molten plastic flows through the gap formed by joining the three downwardly processed parallelogram edges to form parallelogram struts. Although the second embodiment with the parallelogram strut is lighter than the first embodiment with the wall plane wall described above, the embodiment using the strut is more difficult to mold. The wall flat wall core is stronger than the core with struts.

FIG. 11a shows a core according to the invention with cavities arranged to form upper and lower arrangement surfaces, each hollow cavity having three hollow sidewalls formed by parallelogram struts 63 and any horizontal column 64. Has Each of the cavities has vertices 67 on the opposite ends of the cavities from the bottom, which have at least three bottom vertices 69 such that the three hollow walls formed by the parallelogram struts 63 are parallelograms. It is integrated with the bottom. Each parallelogram wall has four parallelogram vertices in a form where the first vertex intersects vertex 67.

The opposite second vertices of each of the parallelograms intersect the vertices 69 of the bottom and parallelogram struts 63 such that any horizontal strut 64 forms a twelve point hub 71 for increasing strength. Can be used with The horizontal column 64 is coupled with third and fourth opposed parallelogram vertices of each of the parallelograms.

FIG. 11B shows the same core as the core of FIG. 11A except that a triangular strut 65 is added, the triangular strut 65 being any one, but if the strut is used, a hexagonal bottom with six bottom vertices is formed. Can be. Vertices of adjacent bottoms may be joined by struts (not shown) of the bottoms. If the first triangle edge portion described above is machined down, a triangular strut 65 is made.

If triangular struts 65 are used, six additional hollow triangular walls are created in the cavity, each triangular wall formed by two triangular struts and the vertices of the bottom, each pair of six triangular walls With a first triangular strut 65 in the cavity, the second triangular struts in each of the triangular walls are arranged in pairs to be parallelogram struts.

6 shows a tetrahedral hexagonal mold used to form a second embodiment of a truss structure with parallelogram posts. A schematic view of the mold shown in FIG. 6 shows a machined edge 38 formed between the parallelogram wall 42 and the right triangle wall 44, and FIG. 7 shows a side view of the mold shown in FIG. 6. This figure shows the parallelogram wall 42 where the machined parallelogram edge 38 meets the right triangle sidewall 44. In addition, the vertex 40 of the mold is machined down. The side view shown in FIG. 7 shows two parallelogram walls 42 and two right triangle walls 44, which meet at the machined parallelogram edges 38.

FIG. 8 is a bottom view of the mold 32, in which the hexagonal bottom 34 has a machined vertex 36 which is used to form an optional triangular strut, in this figure three to vertices 40. FIG. Parallelogram walls 42 meet.

The embodiment of the second column shown in FIG. 6 can be adapted to include a horizontal support added for increased strength, and the mold used to make the third embodiment with parallelogram and horizontal support is shown in FIG. Shown. In FIG. 9, the mold 46 has a parallelogram strut 54 and a horizontal support 58, and the horizontal support 58 is formed to cross the parallelogram wall 52 so that each of the horizontal supports is dense parallelogram wall ( And the opposite vertex of 52). The parallelogram sidewalls of the molds all have horizontal supports except that they are on the periphery of the mold used to form each molded end. This peripheral parallelogram sidewall leaves the core made by the two forming ends flat together. Horizontal supports are formed by placing horizontal grooves in parallelogram side walls.

By the use of horizontal and parallelogram autonomy, when the two molds with the machined edge and the horizontal groove are adjacent to each other, a hub 59 of 12 points is formed. Plastic is flowed in 12 directions from the hubs of these 12 points so that 12 parallelograms and horizontal supports meet at the hub. By using a hub of 12 points, it can have adequate strength, and any stresses exerted on the structure are distributed to increase durability and compressibility.

Parallelogram struts 54 not only form the boundary of the triangular wall (50 parallelograms) but also form the boundary between the triangular wall 50 and the parallelogram wall 52. It is machined down to assist in formation.Horizontal supports 58 significantly increase the compressive strength of the structure when force is applied to vertices 56 or bottom 48.

FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view of a fourth embodiment of a truss structure having parallelogram struts and horizontal supports as well as sidewalls 60 of the wall plane, the structure shown in FIG. 10 having maximum strength due to the combination thereof, This structure is much heavier than other embodiments of the present invention.

Each parallelogram strut is formed by joining three parallelogram edges from three different molds, one of which is taken from a row of one mold and two molds from a row of other molds. The cross-sectional shape of the parallelogram struts should be chosen such that the mold rows comprising the mold can be separated after the struts are formed from the molten plastic.

The main advantage of the truss structure cores according to the invention is that they can be easily formed, drawn and cast from metal, and in any of these methods the rows of adjacent tetrahedral hexagonal molds are placed on the plate to form one mold row. Is placed. These mold rows are then aligned close to each other and moved closer towards the rows of opposing similar molds to produce the truss structure. The core material is placed between opposed mold rows to make the core.

The core of the truss structure can be fabricated by an open mold or by drawing or drawing from a metal, since the total surface area of each cavity in the core is the same as the outer surface area, where the surface area added inside the cavity of the truss structure is none. The structure can be made of moldable or extrudeable plastic. After the flat core is made to produce the curved structure, it is simply bent into a predetermined shape before the upper and lower shells are fixed.

12 to 14, in the prior art form of patents granted to borgford and squeak locks, the basis for another embodiment of the present invention is illustrated in a simple form, and the basic structure 200 is centered. A continuous surface (including 20 parallelograms) formed near the plane 204, the surface 202 extending out of the plane of the first side 208 of the central plane 204 (as shown in FIG. 12). And three hollow tetrahedrons 206 with vertices 206a disposed thereon and a bottom edge 206b lying in the central plane 204. The bottom edge 206b is a bottom vertex 206c. ) And the vertex 206a and bottom edge 206b form the side 206d.

Surface 202 also has three hollow tetrahedrons 210 with vertices 210a disposed on second side 212 of the center plane 204 (extending into a plane as shown in FIG. 12). ) And the bottom edge portion 210b lying on the center plane 204, the bottom edge portion 210b intersects the bottom vertex 210c, and the vertex 210a and the bottom edge portion 210b are formed on the side portion (b). 210d).

The tetrahedron intersects the bottom edges 206b and 210b and the bottom vertices 206c and 210c of the tetrahedrals 206 and 210 to coincide with each other. The vertices 206a and 210a of the intersecting tetrahedrons 206 and 210 are disposed on the first and second opposing sides 208 and 212 of the center plane 204, and the vertices 206a are the first side portions 208. While forming the first plane 218 on the vertex 210b of the tetrahedron 210 forms a second plane 220 on the second side portion 212.

Each pair of sides 206d and 210d share a common bottom edge 206b and 210b and a parallelogram side or wall on a plane corresponding to the wall 42 of the mold 32 shown in FIG. Configure Each point where the six bottom vertices 206c and 210c meet forms a hub 222 corresponding to the hub 66 shown in FIG. The main difference between the embodiment of the structure 200 and the walled embodiment is that the structure 200 does not have a planar sidewall, indicated by reference numeral 60 in FIG. 10. It will be appreciated that the side wall 60 extends perpendicular to the center plane of the structure.

In combination with the bottom edge of the tetrahedron 206 and three adjacent side portions 210d of three adjacent tetrahedrons having a common bottom edge 210b, each tetrahedron 206 is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Forming a tetrahedral cavity corresponding to the cavities 12, the structure 200 having six cavities with three holes on the first side 208 and three holes on the second side 212 of the structure. Include. Cavities with a vertex 206a on the first side 208 and three holes towards the second side 212 are indicated by reference numeral 214 as shown in FIG. Cavities with apex 210a on the second side 212 and with holes directed toward the first side 208 are indicated by reference numeral 216. Moreover, although FIG. 12 shows the elongated sides 206d 'and 210d' of the tetrahedron, the sides are not completely shown in FIGS. 12-14. This side is added to the structure 200 to form six complete cavities. However, it will be appreciated that the tetrahedral hexagonal structure of the present invention may comprise any number of cavities or portions thereof.

The structures having wall cores and struts shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 are relatively flexible than structures having walls unless the shrouds 14 and 16 are added. These structures are made to resist bending by the addition of the shell, which is mutually coupled to the vertices of the tetrahedron. In the embodiment of the present invention based on the structure 200, by replacing the outer plate with a vertical support wall it is possible to greatly improve the rigidity and bending resistance of the structure, and to reduce the weight and volume.

12 to 14, the conventional parallelogram 200 has no vertices 206a and 210a coupled to each other by any means except for the sides 206d and 210d of the horizontal supports 206 and 210. Because it is very flexible. Therefore, in the present invention, a vertical wall is added to the structure 200 to increase the rigidity of the structure while functioning as an I beam and adding a relatively light weight to the outer plate.

An embodiment of the present invention including a vertical support wall is shown in FIG. 15, wherein structure 230 is a vertex 232 disposed on an opposite side of structure 230 in the manner described in FIGS. 12-14. 234, a predetermined number of intersecting tetrahedrons forming a tetrahedral hexagonal cavity. The tetrahedron forms a continuous surface that may have a wall side, a hollow side formed by a strut, or a combination of the wall side and a hollow side described above, and furthermore, the structure 230 is perpendicular to the vertex 232. Support wall 236. In particular, the wall 236 extends perpendicular to the central plane of the structure 230.

The wall 236 is completely mutually coupled to the vertices 232 as described, or only partially extends therebetween. The wall 236 preferably begins in the plane formed by the vertex 232 and extends toward the plane formed by the vertex 234, which ends below the tetrahedral side forming a continuous surface. In addition, within the scope of the present invention, the wall 236 extends between the plane formed by the vertex 234 and the tetrahedral side or completely between the planes of the vertices 232 and 234. It is also possible to have a wall 236 that extends only partially to a position spaced inward from the plane of vertices 232, 234 at the tetrahedral side, and in another embodiment a vertex on one side of structure 230. It has walls 236 that extend completely between 232 and partially between the same vertices 232 on the other side of the structure.

FIG. 16 illustrates another structure 240 of the present invention, in which a vertical wall 242 is coupled to each other from the vertex 232 to the vertices 234 on opposite sides of the structure 240. All combinations described above with reference to structure 230 apply equally to structure 240.

FIG. 17 shows another structure 250 comprising vertical walls 252 which mutually couple hubs 254 corresponding to hubs 222 shown in FIGS. 12-16. ) May be provided on either side or on either side of the structure 250 and extends partially or completely in an adjacent hub (parallel deflection) in any combination described above with respect to the structure 230.

FIG. 18 shows a structure 260 including all of the walls (parallelograms 242, 252) described above with reference to FIGS. 15 through 17, wherein the walls 236, 242, 252 are formed of the structure 260. It may be provided on either side or on either side, and extends completely or partially between adjacent vertices or hubs, as in any combination in any of the other embodiments described above. Also, the peripheral edge of the structure 260 terminates at the vertical wall 262 corresponding to the planar sidewall 60 shown in FIG. 10.

Walls 236 and 242 are formed by planes that extend perpendicular to the center plane of the structure and pass through lines that interconnect the vertices 232 and 234. The wall 252 is formed by a plane passing through a line joining the hubs 254, and the plane forming a wall 252 through the bottom edges 206b, 210b is then center plane 204. ). Figures 19-22 show a preferred embodiment of the combination with the vertical support wall provided in accordance with the present invention, where the structure 270 is a vertical that mutually joins adjacent vertices 232, such as the structure 230 of Figure 15. Support wall 236. The wall 236 extends from the plane of the vertex 232 to the surface formed by the lower tetrahedral side, with three walls 236 surrounding each hub 254 forming a closed triangle 272.

In addition, the structure 270 includes a vertical support wall 242 ′ formed by a line coupling the vertices 234 to each other as in the embodiment of FIG. 16. However, this wall 242 ′ is provided on the same side of the structure 270 as the wall 236 (extending to the tetrahedral side in the plane of the vertex 232). In addition, the wall 242 ′ extends only to the interconnection wall 23 parallelograms in the triangle 272.

As shown in FIG. 20, the opposite side of the structure 270 is basically a symmetrical shape of the side shown in FIG. 19, and vertical support that mutually couples adjacent vertices 234 like the structure 240 of FIG. Wall 242. The wall 242 extends from the plane of the vertex 234 to the lower tetrahedral side, and the three walls 242 surrounding each hub 254 form a closed triangle 274.

The opposite side of the structure 270 includes a vertical support wall 236 'formed by lines interconnecting the vertices 232 as in the FIG. 15 embodiment. However, the wall 236 'is provided on the same side of the structure 270 as the wall 242 (extending to the lower tetrahedral side in the plane of the vertex 234), and further the wall 236'. ) Extends between the intersecting walls 242 in the triangle 274.

Since the rigidity is greatly increased by the vertical support wall, the structure of the present invention shown in FIGS. 15 to 22 can be made thinner than the structure shown in FIGS. Has strength and resistance to bending. Therefore, the peak angle τ can be increased to about 110 ° to 115 °, and the maximum possible value reaches 120 ° as described above.

Molding mold 300 for fabricating structure 270 is shown in FIG. 23, mold 300 being a separate element of the mold row used in the manner described above, and mold 300 being hexagonal bottom 302. Similar to the mold 22 shown in FIG. 5 except that it extends beyond the tetrahedral hexagonal end 304 that is substantially used to form a portion of the structure 270.

The tetrahedral end 304 forms an individual cavity of the structure 270 as described above, which tetrahedral portion 304 has three joint planar sides, ie parallelogram walls 306, parallelogram walls 306. Each coincides with a vertex of the tetrahedral portion 304 and opposite vertices 306b that lie on the central axis 308 of the mold 300 and opposite vertices 306b that lie on the edge of the hexagonal bottom 302 and 2. It has two additional vertices 306c that lie at the edge of the bottom 302 between the two vertices 306b. The tetrahedral portion 304 is formed by cutting the ends of the bottom 302 through three planes through the vertices 306a, forming parallelogram walls 306, each equal to an axis 308. Make an angle

When the mold 300 is assumed to be part of a row of the same mold used to form the side of the structure 270 shown in FIG. 19, the mold 300 extends completely between the vertices 306b and of the structure 270. It is formed to have three elongated grooves 310 forming the vertical support wall 236. This elongate groove 310 extends parallel to the axis 308 of the mold 300 or equally perpendicular to the center plane of the structure 270.

The mold 300 is formed with six elongated grooves 312 extending parallel to the axis 308 and forming a vertical support wall 242 ′ of the structure 270, the elongated grooves 312 having six peripheral molds ( It is formed by a line joining the vertex 306a of 300 (not shown) and the vertex 306a of the tetrahedral portion 304 and extending only from the elongated groove 310 to the outer periphery of the bottom 302. It can be seen that the long groove 310 perpendicularly intersects the center point of the hexagonal side of the mold 300.

Although the mold 300 constitutes a preferred embodiment of the present invention described only as having long grooves corresponding to the walls 236 and 242 ', the present invention is not limited thereto, and the mold 300 is not limited to any of the foregoing. The combination may further have an elongate groove to form a complete or partial mold 236, 242, 252. 24 and 25 show a modified structure 320 based on the embodiment of FIGS. 19 to 22, wherein the vertices of the tetrahedron are cut off and formed into hollow shapes, which embodiments Also, it is within the scope of the present invention to provide a vertex that is generally cut off and / or hollowed out.

The structure 320 is formed of an intersecting tetrahedron with vertices at points 322, 324 located on opposite sides of the center plane of the structure 320 as described above, the tetrahedron being the structure 320. The ends are cut and cut to form hollow vertices 322a and 324a that are shaped by the edges 322b and 324b of the surface 326.

In accordance with the present invention, the vertical support wall 328 extends between the triangular portions of the surface 326 forming the edge 322b, which wall 328 lies on a line interconnecting the vertex points 324. The vertical support wall 330 is also provided to extend between the triangular portions of the surface 326 forming the edge portion 324b. The wall 330 is located at a line connecting the vertex points 322, which may extend completely or partially through the thickness of the required structure 320.

This structure 320 may be formed as a very large unit, or panel for assembling with a similar plate to provide a wall. FIG. 24 shows a vertical sidewall 327 that provides a boundary around structure 320 and facilitates attachment to adjacent structures with an adhesive or the like, corresponding to planar sidewall 60 shown in FIG. 10 and described above. Further shown is a vertical wall 329 that engages the structure 320 by providing a gap between the molds used to mold the structure in one way.

A mold 400 for fabricating the structure 320 is shown in FIG. 26, which is the mold 300 shown in FIG. 23 except for the end cut off to form the triangle 402. It has a basic shape similar to the shape of), the vertical long groove 404 is formed in the mold 400 is coupled to the vertex 406 of the bottom surface, the long groove 404 and the vertex 406 of the mold 300 Corresponds to elongate groove 310 and bottom vertex 306b.

In FIG. 27 a modified structure 420 is shown, wherein like elements are denoted by like reference numerals. In addition to the support walls 328 and 330, the structure 420 is a vertical support wall 422 lying on a line joining the vertex points 322 and a vertical support lying on a line joining the vertex points 324 to each other. With walls 424, six walls 422 each extend from vertex point 322, and six walls 424 extend from each vertex point 324.

The walls 328, 330, 422, 424 extend completely through the thickness of the structure, and in another embodiment these walls may extend partially through the thickness of the structure. In a preferred embodiment of the structure 420, the walls 328, 422 partially pass through the structure 420 in the plane formed by the edge 322b and are spaced inwardly in the plane formed by the edge 324b. The wall 330, 424 similarly spaced inwardly from the plane formed by the edge 322b partially passing through the structure 420 from the plane formed by the edge 324b. Extends. This configuration can be applied to any embodiment of FIGS. 15 to 27, and each mold can be made of one element. FIG. 27 further shows a vertical side wall 427 and a vertical wall 429 corresponding to the elements 327, 329 shown in FIG. 24.

While particular embodiments of the present invention have been described and illustrated, those skilled in the art will be able to make changes and modifications without departing from the spirit of the invention, and therefore the invention will be limited only by the following claims.

Claims (18)

A structure having a plurality of cavities 12 each having a vertex tetrahedral shape coincident with a vertex 30 of the cavity and arranged to form an upper and lower array surface, the tetrahedron being the three walls of the cavity 12. 6 parallel to the hexagonal bottom surface 24 having six vertices 29 and disposed thereon so that 26 is a parallelogram having four vertices 29, 30, 31, 33. The first vertex of the truss structure, characterized in that the intersection of the vertex 30 of the tetrahedron, the opposite second vertex intersects the bottom vertex (29). The truss structure according to claim 1, further comprising an upper outer plate (14) fixed to the upper array surface and a lower outer plate (16) fixed to the lower array surface. A truss structure, each having a hollow wall formed by vertices 67 and a plurality of parallelogram struts 63 and having several adjacent cavities arranged to form an upper and lower array surface, each of which has at least three vertices. The three hollow walls of the cavity are parallelograms, each having four parallelogram vertices, each of which has a quadrilateral shape that is integral with the bottom with (69) and is arranged on top of it. A truss structure, characterized in that it intersects the vertex (67) and the opposite second vertex intersects the bottom vertex (69). A truss structure according to claim 3, further comprising an upper outer plate (14) fixed to the upper array surface and a lower outer plate (16) fixed to the lower array surface. 4. The truss structure according to claim 3, further comprising a plurality of horizontal struts (64) each joining opposing third and fourth vertices (71) of the parallelogram wall. 4. The device of claim 3, further comprising six hollow triangular walls associated with each cavity, each triangular wall having two triangular struts 63, 65 and two bottom vertices forming two sides of the triangular wall. Formed by (69), wherein each pair has a common first triangular strut (65), and the triangular walls are arranged in pairs such that each second triangular strut (63) is a parallelogram strut. Truss structure made. A central plane having first and second opposing sides formed therein, and a plurality of hollow tetrahedrons having bottom and edge portions joined to each other along the bottom edge, wherein the vertices 232, 234 of the tetrahedron are on the center plane of the structure. A truss structure disposed on opposing first and second sides, the truss structure comprising support wall means (236, 242 ') extending perpendicular to the center plane and structurally coupled to the tetrahedron. The truss structure according to claim 7, wherein the tetrahedron has a wall side portion. 8. A truss structure according to claim 7, wherein the tetrahedron has struts that mutually couple the vertices (232, 234) and the bottom vertex (254). 8. The tetrahedral bottom edge of claim 7, wherein the support wall means extends generally from the plane formed by the vertex 232 on the first side to the side below the tetrahedron, interlocking with the vertex 232 on the first side, A first wall 236 forming a first triangle 272 surrounding the intersection 254; Formed by a plane passing through a line interlocking with the vertices 234 on the second side, and generally extending from the plane formed by the vertex 232 on the first side to the side below the tetrahedron, inside the triangle 272. And a second wall (242 ') extending between the intersecting first walls (236). 12. The vertex of claim 10, interlocking with vertices 234 on a second side, generally extending from a plane formed by vertex 234 on a second side to a side below the tetrahedron, and having an intersection point 254 of the tetrahedral bottom edge. A third wall 242 forming a second triangle 274 that surrounds the third wall 242; A second triangle 274 formed by a plane passing through a line interlocking with the vertices 232 on the first side, generally extending from the plane formed by the vertex 234 on the second side to the side below the tetrahedron; And a fourth wall (236 ') extending between the inner intersecting third walls. A central plane having first and second opposing sides formed thereon, and a plurality of hollow tetrahedrons, the tetrahedrons being coupled to each other along the bottom edge, the first opposite sides of the wall side, the bottom edge, and the center plane of the structure; A truss structure having intersecting tetrahedral vertices 232, 234 disposed on a second side, the center between the planes formed by the vertices 232, 234 on the first, second side generally A support that extends perpendicular to the plane and includes a first wall 236 coupled to a vertex 232 on the first side and a second wall 242 coupled to a vertex 234 on the second side A truss structure comprising wall means. 13. The truss structure according to claim 12, wherein said support wall means further comprises a third wall (252) penetrating the bottom edge. A mold having a plurality of walls for fabricating a truss structure, comprising: a mold vertex 30; A tetrahedron having vertices and edges coincident with the vertices of the mold; An edge of a parallelogram having a first vertex intersecting the vertex of the tetrahedron and a second vertex on the opposite side intersecting the vertex of the tetrahedron, located at opposite ends from the vertex of the mold And a hexagonal bottom surface (24) integral with the tetrahedron to form a parallelogram with parts. 15. The mold according to claim 14, wherein the parallelogram edges (27) are shortened so that plastic can flow between adjacent edge portions during the molding process. 16. A groove according to claim 15, further comprising a groove (58) in the parallelogram wall (52), the groove (58) opposing a third vertex of the parallelogram in the parallel (52) wall. A mold characterized in that connected to the vertex. A hexagonal bottom 302 cut to form three parallelogram sides 306 and an end portion 304 formed by a tetrahedron, a vertex 306a of each parallelogram side 306 coincident with the vertices of the tetrahedron, Three vertices 306b and 306c of the parallelogram side 306 located above the respective hexagonal edges of the bottom 302 and extending into the column 304 perpendicular to the axis 308 of the bottom 302. Mold for manufacturing a truss structure, characterized in that it comprises a long groove (310, 312) formed to. 18. The bottom 302 of claim 17, wherein the elongated grooves are formed from the first elongated grooves 310 and the first elongated grooves 310 that intersect the vertices 306b of the parallelogram side 306 opposite the apex 306a of the tetrahedron. And a second elongated groove 312 extending to the side center point.

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