KR920010175B1 - Lighting control device for street lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

The control device comprises a current transformer (1) and current detector (2) for detecting the power factor fluctuating current; a zero volt detector (4) forming a reference on the phase control; a micro computer unit (5) controlling the luminous intensity of the road lamp by using the program; a TRC including a multi-phase controller which control the input alternating current supplying to the road lamp; a photocoupler (8) triggering the gate terminal of the TRC; and a buffer. The device restrains the power loss and elongates the life time of the ballast or the road lamp such as the high pressure Na-lamp and the mercury (Hg)-lamp.

Description

Automatic Illumination Control of Street Light Flasher

1 is a block diagram of an apparatus of the present invention.

2 is a detailed circuit diagram of the high pressure sodium ballast applied to the device of the present invention.

3a, b is the input and output waveform diagram of the high pressure sodium ballast.

4 is a detailed circuit diagram of a zero volt detector applied to the apparatus of the present invention.

5A to 5D are input and output waveform diagrams of respective parts of FIG.

6 is a preferred semiconductor alternating current switching circuit applied to the device of the present invention.

7A to 7D are phase waveform diagrams for explaining the semiconductor AC switching operation of FIG.

8 is a table for explaining the AC phase control method of the apparatus of the present invention.

9 is a diagram showing the relationship between the AC phase control time of the present invention and the phase control value.

Figure 10 is an embodiment diagram showing a state in which the street lamps vary by time by the AC phase control of the apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 11 is an exemplary view of a street lamp wiring and power saving lamp according to the present invention.

12 is a block diagram of a conventional streetlight automatic flasher circuit block.

13 and 14 are exemplary views illustrating one embodiment of a three-wire and two-line street light and a tumbling method of a conventional street light.

* Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

1: Current transformer 2: Current detector

3: buffer 4: zero volt detector

5: microcomputer unit 6, 6 ': high pressure sodium ballast

7: short circuit indicator 9 DC voltage supply unit

10 photodetector 11 A / D converter

12 input / output interface 13 microprocessor

14: Memory unit (EP-ROM) 15: Temporarily saved memory RAM

16: real time clock section 17: keyboard controller

18: display driving circuit portion 19: display portion

20: lighting circuit section 21: phase angle delay section

22: full wave rectifier 23: smooth part

24: linear comparator circuit TRC: triac

SCR: Silicon controlled rectifier L ₁ : Choke coil

CO ₁ : Comparator BAT: Storage Battery

PT ₁ : Phototriac PH ₁ : Phototransistor

ZD ₁ : Zener Diodes R ₁ -R ₁₃ : Resistance

PD ₁ , PD ₂ : photodiode C ₁ -C ₅ : condenser

D ₁ -D ₆ : Diode T ₁ : Trans

SW ₁ : Switch NFB- _{1, 2} : Breaker

PC ₁ : Photo Coupler

The present invention relates to an automatic illuminance control device of a street lamp flasher, and particularly, a high power street lamp such as a high-pressure sodium lamp or a mercury lamp by a microcomputer, during which a vehicle and a person are frequently accompanied by the illumination brightness normally, and when the traffic is quiet By automatically controlling the brightness to decrease gradually over time, it reduces power consumption more than necessary and adds an automatic short circuit detection function to prevent device damage and shortening of life due to short-circuit accident, and can provide a great effect on safety measures. An automatic illuminance control device for a street lamp blinker.

In general, to control high power street lamps such as incandescent lamps or fluorescent lamps, in recent years, the lighting time of one year according to statistical data is programmed to turn on the lamp at evening time, and automatically at morning time to turn off the lamp. Steady flashing control device to be lit up, and also in the evening, the street lights are lit like the steady light control described above, and the flashing lights flashing stuttering one by one every time necessary according to midnight (after midnight 00:00) or season BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Street lamp blinkers that incorporate a control device as one body are well known.

That is, as shown in FIG. 12, the conventional street lamp blinking control device has a constant light and a differential electronic switch MG ₁ (MG ₂ ) at the output terminal of the power vehicle breaker NFB- _{10 to} which an AC voltage (AC 220V) is applied. ), and these electronic switches (MG ₁₎ (MG ₂₎ contacts _{(MG 1 -a) (MG 2} -a) (MG 1 -b) (MG 2 -b) and, at all times, such as automobile and gyeokdeung short of (NFB ₁₁ ) by connecting the street light output circuit 100 consisting of (NFB- ₁₂ ) to control the constant light line and the fluctuating line as needed, and also the electronic switch (MG ₁ ) at the output terminal of the power breaker (NFB- ₁₀ ) (MG ₂ ) through the relay Ry ₁ (Ry ₂ ) and its contacts Ry _1-1 (Ry _2-2 ), the switch SW- ₂ and the fuse F ₂ A power supply unit 50 converting a direct current (DC) into a down transformer voltage (T), a down alternating voltage (220V → 9V), and supplying necessary power to each function block circuit, and senses the brightness of the surroundings. Photodetector element 51 for detecting and detecting therefrom An A / D converter 52 for converting a signal into a digital value, a real time clock unit 53 for generating a clock in real time at a predetermined time interval, and a temporary storage memory for temporarily latching input / output data ( 54), a program memory 55 in which a one-time turn-off time program for each date and time is stored, and a microprocessor 56 for sequentially controlling turn-off performance for each month and day time according to the program of the program memory 55. And an input / output interface 57, a relay driving circuit 58 for driving the relays Ry ₁ and Ry ₂ , an indicator 61 for displaying a daytime clock state and a malfunction state, and driving the same. Display driving circuit 60 for adjusting, adjusting switch 59 for changing program settings such as lighting time according to daytime clock state, and power supply necessary for maintaining memory data during power failure By connecting the street lamp auto flasher 200 consisting of a storage battery 62 for supplying.

However, such a conventional street lamp automatic flasher is a more effective power saving method for the pulsating flash control method for power saving purposes, but in general, the point where the gap is lit in consideration of the installation distance of 30 ~ 50m. Since it is located in the middle of a distance of about 30 to 50 meters between streetlights, the illumination rate is relatively reduced, so that vehicles passing through the area or citizens living in the area may cause various inconveniences. have.

That is, in the case of three-line wiring such as in the three-line street light wiring and differential control method shown in FIG. 13, the zigzag pattern can flash the differential lights. It is controlled by turning off underground street lights to turn off only the street lamps on one side of the road, and if the wiring is buried in one line and two lines, there is a disadvantage in that the differential flashing control is not performed. As described above, in the ramping method of the two-way street lamp wiring, one side street of the street is controlled by the differential control, or where the street lamp is installed only in one side of the road.

In addition, the conventional street lamp flicker control device uses an electronic switch when the street lamp flashes by sequential program execution according to a predetermined time, so that the flashing operation is uncertain as well as a predetermined time due to the wear of the switch contact after a predetermined time. After the elapse of time, it may cause an uneconomical problem to replace the electronic switch, and more importantly, it is only a simple flashing control device to turn off the street lamp in a zigzag manner. Is not.

The present invention has been made to solve such general problems, and the AC input phase detection and phase control function by the high power factor characteristics such as ballast and sodium in the conventional street lamp automatic flasher that blinks the street light over time Power factor change detection function according to power factor and descent time of street light and street light intensity by AC phase control and maintains normal illuminance brightness during busy hours and gradually illuminates light during busy time. Through the microcomputer function of the program means to control to lower and the switch means to switch the input exchange according to the phase angle, the illuminance brightness of the street lamp is controlled according to the traffic of the vehicle and the person, regardless of the headway buried in the existing road. It is possible to adjust the control of illuminance automatically so that It is possible to suppress the power consumption, also it has its object to provide for a street lamp flasher to extend the naejineun of street lamp ballast bulb life automatic illumination control device.

In addition, the automatic illuminance control device of the street lamp flasher is provided with a short circuit detection function to prevent damage in case of short circuit due to the shortcomings of the semiconductor AC switching element, thereby improving reliability or stability in using the device. The purpose of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Automatic illuminance control device of the street lamp blinker of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the AC down transformer (T ₁ ), and a power supply for supplying the necessary DC power to each functional circuit by converting the down alternating current ( 9), an A / D converter 11 for converting the photodetector 10, its detected signal into a digital value, a real time clock section 16 for real time clock generation, an input / output interface 12, digital In a street lamp auto flasher comprising a display unit 19, a drive unit 18 for driving a digital display, a keyboard controller 17 for changing program settings, and a storage battery BAT for supplying necessary power in case of power failure, A current transformer 2 and a current detector 2 for detecting a power factor fluctuation current of an AC input and a secondary side down AC power supply AC 9V of the transformer T ₁ are input to determine phase noise prevention and zero volt phase. Phase control with phase angle A zero volt detector 4 forming a reference point and controlling up to a phase control stop and a predetermined phase control value according to the power factor of the variable current detected from the current detector 2 and detected from the zero volt detector 4 A microcomputer unit (5) which checks the phase angle corresponding to the AC phase waveform according to the reference point of the phase control, and performs the time-varying illumination control program in the same time zone as the real time clock of the street lamp blinker 80, and the multi-phase control Triac (TRC) for controlling the current of the input current supplied to the street light, and the optical coupler (8) of the means for triggering the gate of the triac (TRC), and the optical coupler (8) A buffer (3) which shields adverse effects and buffers the output of the microcomputer unit (5), and the load fluctuations of the current transformer (1) and the current detector (2) in case of a short circuit. Other by detecting the current difference to the hayeoseo provided with a short-circuit indicator (7) for displaying the short circuit state and simultaneously stopping the triac (TRC) driven by the microcomputer (5).

)과 비교기(CO₁)로 구성되어 기준레벨과 전파정류기(22)의 출력을 비교하는 선형 비교부(24)와, 상기 선형 비교부(24)의 출력을 마이크로 컴퓨터 유니트(5)에 전달하기 위한 수단의 포토커플러(PC₁)를 상호 연결하여서 구성된 것이다.In addition, the zero-volt detector 4 is a diode (D) for full-wave rectification of the phase angle delay unit 21 consisting of a resistor (R ₅ ) and a capacitor (C ₃ ), as shown in FIG. ₂ -D ₅ ) and a smoothing part composed of a condenser (C ₄ ), a zener diode (ZD ₁ ), and a diode (D ₆ ) to smooth out the pulses rectified from the full-wave rectifier (22). 23, with resistance (R ₆ -R

) And a comparator (CO ₁ ) to compare the reference level and the output of the full-wave rectifier (22) and the output of the linear comparator (24) to the microcomputer unit (5) It is configured by interconnecting the photocoupler (PC ₁ ) of the means for.

As shown in FIG. 6, the optical coupler 8 is composed of a photodiode PD ₁ and a phototri solution PT ₁ , and may be provided with a pulse transformer T ₂ .

Referring to Figures 1 to 11 of the effect of the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

First, before describing the apparatus of the present invention, a high pressure sodium ballast to be applied to the apparatus of the present invention will be described. That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the high pressure sodium ballast is a choke coil (L ₁ ) and a condenser (C ₁ ), The lighting circuit 20 includes a resistor R ₂ -R ₄ , a diode D ₁ , and a silicon controlled rectifier SCR to enable the sodium lamp to be turned on by the silicon controlled rectifier SCR. .

That is, when the high pressure sodium lamp is connected to the ballasts 6 and 6 ', the sinusoidal input power source AC 220V is supplied to the input terminal of the high pressure sodium ballast 6 and 6' as shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 3b, the current of the output waveform shows an anti-glare wave output of about 80V AC.

Here, the phase angle of the anti-glare wave output shows that the phase angle starts after the delay of about 60 'is generated, which is generated by the sodium lamp and the choke coil (L ₁ ), and the waveform has a phase of 0 °. In principle, the input output and output are controlled after the phase angle of 60 ° from the angle.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, when the switch SW ₁ is turned on, the necessary DC power is supplied to each functional circuit through the power supply unit 9, and the microprocessor 13 is stored in the program memory 14. Since the function of blinking the street light according to a set time in a program order is the same as the conventional street light blinking control device as described above, the following description will be omitted.

Referring to the operation of the illuminance control device of the street lamp in such a state, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the zero-volt detector 4 which receives a predetermined AC voltage AC 9V from the secondary side of the transformer T ₁ is illustrated. The phase angle delay unit 21 composed of the resistor R ₅ and the capacitor C ₃ delays the phase angle of 8V with the waveform of the zero-volt input / output waveform as shown in FIG. 5A as shown in FIG. 5B.

At this time, through the full-wave rectifier 22 of the zero-volt detector 4, a zero-volt detection DC waveform as shown in FIG. 5C is output, and the output thereof is a comparator (CO) of the linear comparison circuit unit 24 through the smoothing unit 23. _{In 1} ), the zero-volt detection waveform shown in FIG. 5d is output as compared with the reference value of the reference value setting resistor R ₇ (R ₈ ) of the non-inverting input terminal (−).

As described above, the zero-volt detection waveform output from the comparator CO ₁ of the linear comparison circuit unit 24 is delayed by 60 °, and thus becomes the phase angle reference point of the input pulse for the phase control in the microcomputer unit 5.

In addition, one of the reasons for using the resistor R ₅ and the capacitor C _{3 in} the phase angle delay unit 21 of the zero volt detector 4 is to delay the phase, but the phase of the triac TRC When the control proceeds to the waveforms of FIGS. 7b to 7d, such as the waveform inputted and output to the triac (TRC) of the semiconductor AC switching means as shown in FIG. This is to prevent the detection.

In this operation, when the zero volt detection waveform, which is a reference point of the phase angle of the input pulse, is applied to the microcomputer unit 5 through the photo coupler PC ₁ , the microcomputer unit 5 is connected to FIG. As in the semiconductor alternating current switching circuit shown, if the A / D input pulse (C-60 °) as shown in FIG. 8b is controlled at a phase angle of 60 ° of the input waveform, the input waveform is slightly controlled. As shown in 7d, the phase is controlled from 60 ° when controlled with an input pulse of C-90 ° or C-120 ° at a phase angle of 90 ° or 120 °, respectively.

Referring to the AC phase control method diagram that controls the AC phase waveform shown in FIG. 8 as the phase angle, the phase control failure state causes the phase angle to be delayed by 60 ° in the output waveform of the high pressure sodium ballast as shown in FIG. As a result, the phase control is not performed before the phase angle of 60 °, and the phase control value is 180 degrees from the phase angle of the AC phase waveform in the microcomputer unit 5 starting from the zero volt detection of the zero volt detector 4. Each phase is controlled numerically by sampling approximately 1000 samples down to the phase angle of °.

When the current is controlled in accordance with the phase control time in the microcomputer unit 5 which executes a predetermined program with such a phase control value, the relationship is similar to that of the AC phase control time and phase control numerical chart shown in FIG. When the control efficiency is reduced from 100% to 98%, the phase control value takes about 100 seconds from 0000 to 0020. Although the phase control numerical values are described at 5-second intervals, in practice, the phase control values are not limited to the 5-second interval phase control time, and the intervals of 3 to 20 seconds may be set as necessary.

For example, when the current drops from 100% to 98%, it is 0.1% × 100 seconds = 10% when calculated at 3 second intervals, so 3 seconds × 100 seconds = 300 seconds (5 minutes) is required. In the second interval, 600 seconds (10 minutes) are required by the above equation.

This time is the program time required to lower the current by about 10% in the microcomputer unit 5, and if the power factor of the street light and the shaking time of the street light occur when the power factor and the fall time of the street lamp match, the microcomputer unit (5) detects the power factor fluctuation current from the current transformer (1) and the current detector (2) to stop the current phase control, which continues to stop until the power factor is stabilized. Continue to control.

Therefore, as an embodiment of the above description, it is most preferable to assume that the street light is turned on at 6 pm (18:00) as in the streetlight illuminance variable timetable by the AC phase control shown in FIG. In times of frequent traffic (18:00 to 20:00), the illumination of the street lamps is investigated at 100%, and the illuminance rate is lowered sequentially every hour after the complex time, but in a quiet time zone (00:00 to 06:00). ), The illuminance rate is reduced to around 60%.

This variable control of illuminance is carried out by a program stored in a memory not shown in the microcomputer unit 5, which is adapted to the keyboard controller 17 according to the vehicle at the installation site, the traffic volume of the person, and the characteristics of the region. You can also change the program.

On the other hand, when the line of the street light output terminal is short-circuited, the microcomputer unit 5 recognizes the short circuit once when the current exceeds the set current, and stops the triac (TRC) drive first, and repeatedly checks every predetermined time for a complete short circuit. If it recognizes, all the operation is stopped and at the same time, the short circuit indicator 7 is turned on to inform the user of the short circuit condition.

As described above, according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 11, the wiring embedded in the existing road is automatically adjusted according to the time zone regardless of two or three lines, thereby preventing unnecessary power waste. In addition, the problem of the need to replace the electronic switch with the wear of the switch contacts after a certain period of time by using the conventional igniter problem and the electronic switch (magnet switch) to turn off the wiring line by one light. Due to the low current consumption during power saving, it has the characteristic of prolonging the lifespan of street lamps and ballasts for a long time.

Claims (4)

The AC down transformer T ₁ , a power supply unit 9 for converting the down alternating current into direct current to supply the necessary DC power to each functional circuit, the photodetecting device 10, and the detection signal thereof as digital values. An A / D converter 11 to be converted, a real time clock section 16 for real time clock generation, a temporary storage memory 15 for input / output data latches, and an execution program storage memory 14 for one year of date and time And a microprocessor 13 for sequentially controlling street light blinking according to a program stored in the memory 14, an input / output interface 12, a digital display 19, and a driver 18 for driving the digital display. And a current regulator 1 for detecting a power factor fluctuation current of an AC input, in a program controller for changing a program setting, and a street lamp automatic flasher comprising a battery BAT for supplying a power supply in case of a power failure. Detector (2) And, wherein the transformer (T ₁₎ 2-side-down AC voltage (AC 9V), the input receiving the phase noise protection and zero delay the bolt phase at a predetermined phase angle and zero to form a reference point of the phase control bolt detector 4 of, Phase control stops according to the power factor of the variable current detected from the current detector 2 up to a predetermined phase control value, and corresponds to an AC phase waveform according to the reference point of phase control detected from the zero volt detector 4. A microcomputer unit (5) for checking the phase angle and performing the time-varying illumination control programmatically in the same time zone as the real-time clock of the street lamp blinker 80, and the current of the input alternating current including the multi-phase control and supplied to the street lamp. A triac (TRC) to be controlled, an optical coupler (8) of means for triggering at the gate end of the triac (TRC), and the optical coupler (8) The microcomputer 5 detects the current difference due to the load fluctuations of the current transformer 1 and the current detector 2 when the line is shorted, and the buffer 3 which shields the adverse effect and buffers the output of the microcomputer unit 5. And a line indicator (7) for stopping the triac (TRC) drive and displaying a short circuit state by means of an automatic illuminance control device for a street lamp blinker. The zero-volt detector (4) according to claim 1, wherein the zero-volt detector (4) comprises a phase angle delay (21) consisting of a resistor (R ₅ ) and a capacitor (C ₃ ), and a diode (D ₂ -D ₅ ) for full-wave rectification of alternating current. A full-wave rectifier 22 composed of: a smoothing part 23 composed of a condenser C ₄ , a zener diode ZD ₁ , and a diode D ₆ to smooth the pulse flow rectified from the full-wave rectifier 22; A linear comparator 24 comprising resistors R ₆ -R ₉ and a comparator CO ₁ to compare the reference level and the output of the full-wave rectifier 22, and the output of the linear comparator 24 is a microcomputer. Automatic illuminance control device for a street lamp blinker, characterized in that configured by connecting the photo coupler (PC ₁ ) of the means for transmitting to the unit (5). The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the optical coupler comprises a photodiode (PD ₁ ) and a pottriac (PT ₁ ). The apparatus of claim 1 or 3, wherein the optical coupler (8) forms a gate current by replacing the pulse transformer (T ₂ ).

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