KR920001995B1 - Air-conditioning apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Air conditioner

1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a loud map in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a flowchart art in the first embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of an air conditioner showing an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

＊ Explanation of symbols on main parts of drawing

1, 1a, 1b: outdoor unit 2, 2a: capacity variable pressure gauge

3a, 3b: Outdoor heat exchanger 5a, 5b, 5c: Indoor unit

6a, 6b, 6c: indoor heat exchanger 7, 7a, 7b: refrigerant discharge pipe

8a, 8b: refrigerant suction pipe 9a, 10a, 9b, 10b: outdoor side changeover valve

11: Piping between units 12: High pressure gas pipe

13: low pressure gas pipe 14: liquid pipe

15a, 16a, 15b, 16b, 15c, 16c: indoor side changeover

17a, 17b, 17c: refrigerant reducer 26: capability control means

The present invention relates to a multi-room type air conditioner composed of an outdoor unit and a plurality of indoor units, wherein the whole of the plurality of rooms is simultaneously cooled or heated, and one room is cooled at the same time, and the other chamber is heated.

A multi-room air conditioner capable of cooling or heating a plurality of rooms simultaneously, and cooling one room in a plurality of rooms at the same time, and heating other rooms, is available for public offices 52-24710 and 55. -24711, JP 52-27459, and Office 54-3020.

The apparatuses presented in the above-mentioned publications No. 52-24710 and No. 52-24711 require a switching valve and an outdoor heat exchanger in all directions as many as the number of indoor units, so the piping circuit configuration is complicated and the manufacturing cost is high. In addition, since the piping between two units must be drawn out from the outdoor unit for each indoor unit, the number of piping between the units becomes large, which causes troublesome piping work.

At the same time, in the air-conditioning operation in which one room is cooled and the other room is heated, the outdoor unit corresponding to each indoor unit acts as a condenser and an evaporator, thereby dissipating heat to the outdoors, and there is a difficulty in recovering heat.

In addition, in the apparatuses presented in the above-mentioned special public offices 52-27459 and actual office 54-3020, the room and heating which can be cooled at the same time in the air-conditioning operation which cools a certain room of several rooms and heats another room. The combination with the room which could be made was decided, and it was not possible to select and perform the heating / cooling operation freely in each room, and it had the fault which is inconvenient to use.

An object of the present invention is to provide a multichamber type air conditioner that solves the above-mentioned problems.

According to the present invention, a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers are branch-connected to the refrigerant discharge pipe and the refrigerant suction pipe of the variable capacity compressor by inserting the outdoor side switching valves, respectively, and the pipe between the outdoor unit and the unit connecting the plurality of indoor units is connected to the refrigerant of the compressor. It consists of a high pressure gas pipe branched to the discharge pipe, a low pressure gas pipe branched to the refrigerant suction pipe of the compressor, and a liquid pipe connected to a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers, and the indoor heat exchanger of each indoor unit is switched to the high pressure gas pipe and the low pressure gas pipe. The valves are connected to each other by branching, and the refrigerant pressure reducer is connected to the liquid pipe, and the capacity depends on the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger of the indoor unit in the cooling operation and the indoor unit in the heating operation, or the refrigerant pressure or the temperature to release the air to the fire. Capability control for switching between variable and outdoor side switching It will be provided with a stage.

When the entire chamber is cooled at the same time, the refrigerant discharged from the variable capacity compressor is set to the cooling state by the outdoor side switching side of each outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor side switching side of each indoor heat exchanger. After co-condensing and condensing liquid, the liquid pipe is distributed to the refrigerant reducer of each indoor unit, and then evaporated to each indoor heat exchanger, and then sucked into the variable capacity compressor via the low pressure gas pipe and the refrigerant suction pipe. .

In this way, the entire chamber is cooled by each indoor heat exchanger serving as an evaporator.

In this cooling operation, when the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger is 2 ° C or higher, the variable capacity compressor is operated with the ability to balance the compressor capacity required by each indoor unit, and the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger is lower than 2 ° C. When the capacity of the compressor is prevented from being raised, and if it is lower than 0 ° C., the capacity of the compressor is lowered to prevent freezing of each indoor heat exchanger.

In the case of heating the entire chamber at the same time, the outdoor side changeover side of each outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor side changeover side of each indoor heat exchanger are set to the heating state, so that the refrigerant discharged from the boost variable compressor is discharged from the discharge tube. It is distributed to each indoor heat exchanger via a high-pressure gas pipe in turn, and condensed therein, and then merged in the liquid pipe via each refrigerant reducer, and then co-evaporated in each outdoor heat exchanger, and then through a refrigerant suction pipe. Is sucked into the compressor.

In this way, the entire chamber is heated with each indoor heat exchanger which acts as a condenser.

In such a heating operation, when the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger is 58 ° C. or less, the variable capacity compressor is operated with the ability to balance the compressor capacity required by each indoor unit. When the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger rises above 58 ° C. It is forbidden to increase the capacity of the compressor, and if the temperature is still higher than 60 ° C, the capacity of the compressor is lowered to prevent the high pressure from being abnormally raised.

At the same time, when two rooms are cooled as an example and one room is heated, the outdoor side switching side of one outdoor heat exchanger is set to the cooling state and the outdoor side switching side of the other outdoor heat exchanger is closed. In addition, when the indoor side changeover side of the indoor unit to be cooled is set to the cooling state and the indoor side changeover side of the indoor unit to be heated is set to the heating state, a part of the refrigerant discharged from the capacity variable compressor is transferred to only one outdoor heat exchanger. At the same time as it flows, the refrigerant flows to the indoor heat exchanger of the indoor unit that is heated via the high-pressure gas pipe and condensates into the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger. The refrigerant condensed and condensed by these heat exchangers is distributed to the refrigerant decompressor of each indoor unit to be cooled through the liquid pipe, and then evaporated by each indoor heat exchange. Is inhaled. In this way, one chamber is cooled by an indoor heat exchanger which acts as a condenser, and two chambers are cooled by another indoor heat exchanger which acts as an evaporator.

When simultaneous operation is performed by such cooling and heating, when the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger of the cooling operation unit is 2 ° C or higher and the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger of the heating operation unit is 58 ° C or higher, the compressor capacity and heating operation required by the cooling operation unit are required. The capacity-variable compressor is operated with the ability to balance this large capacity by comparing the compressor capacity required by the unit. When the temperature condition is not satisfied, the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger of the cooling operation unit and the heating operation unit is The control of the capacity of the outdoor heat exchanger, the increase of the capacity of the compressor, the reduction of the capacity of the compressor, or the like, is performed, and the freezing of the indoor heat exchanger and the abnormal specification of the high pressure are prevented.

Referring to FIG. 1, the first embodiment of the present invention is characterized by the capability variable compressor 2, the outdoor heat exchanger 3a, 3b, and the gas-liquid separator 4, in which the operating frequency is changed by an inverter. Outdoor unit having a heat exchanger (5a) (5b) (5c) is an indoor unit having an indoor heat exchanger (6a) (6b) (6c), the outdoor heat exchanger (3a) (3b) of the variable capacity compressor (2) The outdoor side switching sides 9a, 10a, 9b, 10b are connected to the refrigerant discharge pipe 7 and the refrigerant suction pipe 8 by branching, and the outdoor unit 1 and the indoor unit 5a, 5b are connected to each other. Pipe 11 between the units for connecting 5c to the high pressure gas pipe 12 branched to the refrigerant discharge pipe 7, the low pressure gas pipe 13 branched to the refrigerant suction pipe 8, and outdoor heat exchange. Each of the indoor heat exchangers 6a, 6b, and 6c is connected to the high pressure gas pipe 12 and the low pressure gas pipe 13, respectively. 15a, 16a, 15b, 16b, and 15c, 16c are inserted and branched Pipe 14 has connected and by sandwiching the refrigerant pressure reducer (17a) (17b) (17c) of the motor-driven expansion variations.

Numeral 18 denotes a bypass tube connecting the high-pressure gas pipe 12 and the liquid pipe 14 to the capacitor tube 19 to form a resistance to the refrigerant oil.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a booster pressure regulating valve 21a, 21b installed in the low pressure gas pipe 13, and an auxiliary refrigerant pressure reducer 22a, 22b, such as an electric expansion valve, installed in the liquid pipe 14, an outdoor blower, 23a. 23b and 23c are indoor blowers.

(24a) (24b) and (24c) are air-conditioning switching means, and the room temperature sensor 25a (25b) (25c) detects the temperature of the room where each room unit (5a) (5b) (5c) was installed, and detects this. If the temperature is higher than the set temperature, the cold protection command is reversed. If the temperature is lower than the set temperature, a heating command is issued to switch the respective indoor side changeover sides 15a, 16a, 15b, 16b, and 15c and 16c. The rotation speed of the indoor blowers 23a, 23b, 23c is controlled.

In addition, reference numeral 26 denotes the air conditioners 6a, 6b, 6c detected by the sensors 27a, 27b, 27c in the capability control means and cooled as shown in the loud map of FIG. When the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger of the operation unit is 2 ° C or higher and the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger of the heating operation unit is 58 ° C or lower, the air conditioner switches between the compressor capacity required by the cooling operation unit and the compressor capacity required by the heating operation unit. Inputs from the means 24a, 24b and 24c compare these two capacities largely, and operate the variable capacity compressor 2 with the ability to be balanced against this large capacity. When the temperature condition is not satisfied, the cooling operation is performed. The capacity of the outdoor heat exchangers 3a and 3b is controlled by opening and closing the outdoor side conversion stars 9a, 10a and 9b and 10b according to the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger of the unit and the heating operation unit. The capacity of the variable displacement compressor being increased Hadeonga inhibition, capacity, and perform something of deonga decrease the power of the modulation compressor (2), and also for controlling the rotation speed of the outdoor fan (22a) (22b).

Next, the driving operation will be described with reference to the second loud map and the flowchart art of FIG.

When a cold protection instruction is issued from the air-conditioning switching means 24a, 24b, 24c of the entire indoor units 5a, 5b, 5c, the respective indoor side switching sides 15a, 15b, 15c are It is closed, and the other indoor side changeover sides 16a, 16b, 16c are opened, and operation of each indoor blower 20a, 20b, 20c is started, and air-conditioning switching means 24a, 24b. The capacity control means 26 inputs the cooling signal from the 24c, and the compressor capacity required by the indoor unit 5a (e.g., operating frequency of 25 Hz) and the compressor capacity required by the indoor unit 5b (e.g., operating frequency of 30 Hz). ) And an ability to balance the sum of the compressor capacity required by the indoor unit 5c (for example, the operating frequency of 40 Hz) (operating frequency of 95 Hz), when the capacity-variable compressor 2 is operated, the outdoor blowers 22a and 22b at the same time. Is driven, and the capacity change is also performed by opening one outdoor side changeover edge 9a and 9b and closing the other outdoor side changeover edge 10a and 10b. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor (2) flows in sequence with the discharge pipe (7), the outdoor side changeover valves (9a) and (9b), and the outdoor heat exchanger (3a) and (3b) in order to condense and liquefy the liquid pipe (14). It is distributed to the refrigerant decompressors 17a, 17b, 17c of each indoor unit 5a, 5b, 5c, where the pressure is reduced.

Then, after evaporating into each indoor heat exchanger (6a) (6b) (6c), the indoor side changeover (16a) (16b) (16c), the low pressure gas pipe (13), the suction pipe (8) and the gas-liquid separator (4), respectively. ) Is sucked into the variable capacity compressor (2) via one after another.

In this way, the entire chamber is simultaneously cooled by each of the indoor heat exchangers 6a, 6b and 6c, which act as evaporators.

Alternatively, the refrigerant may be reduced in pressure by the auxiliary refrigerant reducers 21a and 21b instead of the refrigerant reducers 17a, 17b and 17c.

At the same time, during the cooling operation, the refrigerant discharged from the variable capacity compressor 2 is led from the high pressure gas pipe 12 to the liquid pipe 14 via the viper pipe 18 so that the refrigerant and the lubricating oil are supplied to the high pressure gas pipe 11. There is no trouble.

In addition, one end of the viper pipe 18 may be connected to the high pressure gas pipe 12, and the other end may be connected to the low pressure gas pipe 13.

In this simultaneous cooling operation, for example, when the indoor temperature of the indoor unit 5b or 5c reaches the set temperature, the cooling operation is stopped by the stop signal of the cooling / heating switching means 24b or 24c and the cooling is performed. When the load is small, the operating frequency of the variable capacity compressor 2 is lowered to 65 Hz or 55 Hz and is operated at low capacity.

In the cooling operation, as shown in FIG. 2, when the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger is at A temperature of 2 ° C or more, the compressor of variable capacity type 2 has the ability to balance the compressor capacity required by each indoor unit. When the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger is lower than 2 ° C. and enters the B-Branch, the capacity of the compressor 2 is prohibited. Prevent each indoor heat exchanger from freezing.

On the contrary, when the heating instruction is issued from the heating / cooling switching means 24a, 24b, 24c of the entire indoor units 5a, 5b, 5c, the indoor side changeover sides 15a, 15b, 15c At the same time, the indoor side changeover sides 16a, 16b, and 16c of the other side are closed, and the room control unit 26 inputs the heating signal from the air conditioner switching means 24a, 24b, and 24c. Compressor capacity (e.g., operating frequency 30Hz) required by 5a, compressor capacity (e.g., operating frequency 35Hz) required by indoor unit 5b, and compressor capacity (e.g., operating frequency 45Hz) required by indoor unit 5c. With the ability to balance the summation (operating frequency 110 Hz), the compressor 2 of the variable capacity type is operated, and one outdoor side switching side 9a, 9b is closed, and the other outdoor side switching side 10a ( By opening 10b), the refrigerant discharged from the variable capacity compressor 2 passes through the discharge tube 7 and the high pressure gas tube 12 in sequence. To the indoor side changeovers (15a) (15b) (15c) and the indoor heat exchangers (6a) (6b) (6c), where each of the refrigerant reducers (17a) (17b) (17c) is condensed and then condensed. Or after being decompressed with the auxiliary refrigerant depressurizers 21a and 21b and joined in the liquid pipe 14, and then after evaporation is evaporated by the outdoor heat exchanger 3a and 3b, the outdoor side changeover valve 10a ( 10b), the suction pipe 8 and the gas-liquid separator 4 are sequentially sucked into the compressor 2 of the variable capacity type.

In this way, each room heat exchanger 6a, 6b, 6c serving as a condenser is heated at the same time.

When operating with such heating, for example, if the room temperature of the indoor unit 5b or 5c reaches the set temperature and the heating operation is stopped by the stop signal of the cooling / heating switching means 24b or 24c, the capacity control means 26 The operating frequency of the compressor 2 of the variable capacity is lowered to 75 Hz or 65 Hz by the signal emitted from), and the operation is performed at low capacity.

In the heating operation as described in the second, when the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger is in the A chamber with a temperature of 58 ° C. or lower, the capacity of the compressor (variable capacity) is balanced by the ability to balance the capacity of the compressor (2) required by each indoor unit. 2) is operated. When the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger rises above 58 ° C. and enters the d-zone, the capacity of the compressor 2 is forbidden to increase. Still, if the temperature rises above 60 ° C. and enters the E-zone, the compressor 2 It lowers the ability of the to prevent the high pressure from rising above.

In addition, when two rooms are cooled at the same time and one room is heated, each indoor side changeover valve is provided, for example, when cooling prevention force is given from the cooling / heating switching means 24a, 24c of two indoor units 5a, 5c arbitrarily. (15a) (15c) is closed, the other indoor side changeover sides (16a) and (16c) are opened, and when the heating command is issued from the air-conditioning switching means (24b) of one indoor unit (5b), the other interior The indoor switching unit 15b is opened, and the other indoor switching unit 16b is closed, and the compressor unit (for example, operating frequency 25Hz) and the cooling unit required by the indoor unit 5a for cooling operation and cooling operation are performed. The cooling side is compared with the total of the compressor capacity (e.g., operating frequency of 40 Hz) required by (5c) and the compressor capacity (e.g., operating frequency of 50 Hz) required by the indoor unit 5b for heating operation. Ability to balance the large capacity of the A control signal is issued from the capacity control means 26 so that the variable pressure compressor 2 is operated, and one outdoor side switching valve 9a is opened with the signal from the capacity control control means 26, and the other By closing the outdoor side changeover sides 9b, 10a and 10b, a part of the refrigerant discharged from the variable capacity compressor 2 passes through the discharge pipe 7 and the outdoor side changeover side 9a in turn. And the remaining refrigerant flows to the indoor side switching side 15b and the indoor heat exchanger 6b of the indoor unit 5b to be heated via the high-pressure gas pipe 12 at the same time as the outdoor heat exchanger 3a alone. The indoor heat exchanger 6b and the outdoor heat exchanger 3a are condensed.

The refrigerant condensed and condensed by these heat exchangers (6b) and (3a) is decompressed to the refrigerant reducers (17a) and (17c) of the indoor units (5a) and (5c) via the liquid pipe (14). Evaporated by heat exchanger (6a) and (6c), and then joined to low pressure gas pipe (13) via each indoor side changeover (16a) and (16c), intake pipe (8), gas-liquid separator (4) in turn The gas is sucked into the compressor 2 of the variable capacity type.

Thus, one room is heated by the indoor heat exchanger 6a which acts as a condenser, and two rooms are heated by the other indoor heat exchangers 6a and 6c which act as an evaporator.

In addition, if simultaneous operation is performed by such air conditioning in the summer season when the outdoor air temperature is high, even if the outdoor blower 22a is rotated at a high speed, the outdoor heat exchanger 3a alone cannot sufficiently dissipate heat to the outside air, and thus the indoor heat exchanger 6a. When the temperature of (6c) becomes 2 degrees C or more and enters into the F chamber which the cooling ability falls, the outdoor side switching edge 9b opens with the signal from the capability switching means 26, and the discharge refrigerant from the discharge tube 7 is carried out. After a part of the condensate flows to the other outdoor heat exchanger (3b), it is joined to the liquid pipe (14) through the auxiliary refrigerant reducer (21b), and also to the outdoor heat exchanger (3b) that acts as a condenser. By dropping the heat in the cooling chamber, a decrease in cooling capacity is prevented.

In this summer season operation, for example, when the indoor temperature of the indoor unit 5c reaches the set temperature, the cooling operation is stopped by the signal of the cooling / heating switching means 24c, and the cooling operation is performed when the cooling load becomes small. The large capacity of this heating side is balanced by comparing the compressor capacity required by the indoor unit 5a (for example, operating frequency 25 Hz) with the compressor capacity required by the indoor unit 5b (for example, operating frequency 50 Hz). The control signal is issued from the capacity control means 26 so that the compressor 2 of the capacity variable type can be operated with this catching capacity (operating frequency 50 Hz).

When simultaneous operation is performed in the winter season with such cooling and heating, the pressure of the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchangers 6a and 6c of the indoor units 5a and 5c, which is cooled because the low pressure refrigerant pressure depends on the external temperature, is 4 kg. Since it becomes easy to fall below / cm <2>, this pressure drop is prevented by the action of the evaporation pressure adjustment valve 20, and it does not freeze the indoor heat exchangers 6a and 6c.

In addition, the evaporation pressure adjusting valve 20 is a pipe 28a, 28b, 28c between each of the switching valves 16a, 16b, 16c and the low pressure gas pipe 13 instead of being installed in the low pressure gas pipe 13. You may install in each.

When the refrigerant pressure in the indoor heat exchangers 6a and 6c drops to 4 kg / cm 2 or less, instead of providing the evaporation pressure adjusting valve 20, the opening of the refrigerant reducers 17a and 17c is tightened. By this, the refrigerant may be prevented from freezing by double heat, and when the freezing is released, the degree of opening of the refrigerant decompressors 17a, 17c may be restored.

Next, when one room is cooled and two rooms are heated, it is possible by operating the auxiliary refrigerant depressurizer 21a. For example, the heating / heating switching means of any two indoor units 5a, 5c ( When the heating command is issued from 24a) and 24c, the respective indoor side changeover sides 15a and 15c are opened, and the other indoor side changeover sides 16a and 16c are closed, and one indoor unit 5b is closed. When the air-conditioning command is issued from the cooling / heating switching means 24b, the indoor side switching side 15b of the other side is closed, and the indoor side switching side 16b of the other side is opened, and the indoor unit 5a that is heated is operated. The sum of the required compressor capacity (e.g., operating frequency 45Hz), the heating unit required for heating operation (5c), and the compressor capacity (e.g. operating frequency: 40 Hz) (operating frequency 85 Hz), and the indoor unit for cooling operation. 5c) compares the compressor capacity required (eg operating frequency 35 Hz) A control signal is issued from the capacity control means 26 so that the compressor 2 of the variable capacity is operated with the ability to balance the large capacity on the heating side (operating frequency 85 Hz), and at the same time, the capacity control means 26 On the other hand, the outdoor side changeover edge 10a is opened and the other outdoor changeover edges 9a, 9b and 10b are closed.

Therefore, the refrigerant discharged from the variable capacity compressor 2 is distributed to the indoor side changeover sides 15a and 15c via the discharge tube 7 and the high-pressure gas tube 12 in turn, and each indoor heat exchanger 6a. Condensation to 6c).

Each of the liquefied refrigerants flows into the liquid pipe 14 in the case of the refrigerant decompressors 17a and 17c which are opened in their entirety, and after a part of the liquid refrigerant in the liquid pipe is depressurized by the refrigerant reducer 17b, the indoor heat exchange is performed. After the remaining liquid refrigerant is depressurized by the auxiliary refrigerant reducer 21a to the outdoor heat exchanger 3a, the evaporator is respectively evaporated, and the capacity is changed through the suction pipe 8 and the gas-liquid separator 4 in turn. Is sucked into the compressor 2. Thus, two rooms are heated by the indoor heat exchangers 6a and 6c which act as condensers, and one room is cooled by another indoor heat exchanger 6b which serves as an evaporator.

When simultaneous operation is performed in the winter season when the outside air temperature is low by such cooling and heating, even if the outdoor blower 22a is rotated at a high speed, the outdoor heat exchanger 3a alone cannot sufficiently draw the heat source from the outside air, and thus the indoor heat exchanger 6a (6c). ), The temperature of 58 ° C. or lower, and enters the G coarseness where the heating capacity is lowered, the outdoor side switching valve 10b is opened by a signal from the capacity control means 26 and the auxiliary refrigerant pressure reducer 21b is operated. The other outdoor heat exchanger 3b also acts as an evaporator, thereby preventing a decrease in heating capacity.

In addition, during the winter season operation, when the indoor temperature of the indoor unit 5c reaches the set temperature and the heating operation is stopped by the signal of the air conditioning switch 24c, the indoor unit 5a which is performing the heating operation is stopped. Comparing the required compressor capacity (e.g. operating frequency 45Hz) and the cooling capacity required by the indoor unit 5b for cooling operation (e.g. 35 Hz) to balance the large capacity of this heating side (operating frequency 45 Hz). A control signal is issued from the capacity control means 26 so that the furnace capacity-variable compressor 2 is operated.

In the mid-season of the spring and autumn at the same time with such cooling and heating, the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger 6b, which acts as an evaporator, becomes 2 ° C or more, and the capacity is switched when entering the F breeze where the cooling capacity is lowered. By means of the signal from the means 26, the outdoor blower 22a is switched from the high speed operation to the low speed operation or the operation stop to reduce the amount of heat drawn from the outside air, thereby preventing the decrease in the cooling capacity and still lowering the cooling capacity. When the outdoor switching valve (9a) (10a) is switched to the outdoor heat exchanger (3a) acts as a condenser.

If the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger in the cooling operation and the temperature of the indoor heat exchanger in the heating operation enters the H trough, the capacity of the variable compressor (2) is forbidden to increase. By lowering the capacity of the compressor 2 and preventing the cooling of each indoor heat exchanger, which is being cooled, the rise of the abnormality of the high pressure pressure is prevented by the temperature detection of the indoor heat exchanger being heated.

In this way, each of the indoor units 5a, 5b, 5c automatically operates by heating and cooling at random by the cold protection command and the heating command issued from the cooling / heating switching means 24a, 24b, 24c by comparing the indoor temperature with the set temperature. In addition, the outdoor heat exchangers 23a and 3b are operated by the capacity switching means 26 as a condenser or an evaporator in accordance with the magnitude of this cooling and heating load, so that the heating and cooling operation can be performed efficiently. Heat recovery is performed to each of the indoor heat exchangers 6a, 6b and 6c, which act as evaporators and condensers when operating in air conditioning and heating, and it is also possible to improve operation efficiency.

When the outdoor heat exchangers 3a and 3b which act as evaporators during the actual room heating and cooling operation are frosted, the outdoor side switching edge 9a is changed by the signal of the capacity switching means 26. Defrosting of the outdoor heat exchanger 3a by opening and closing the other outdoor side changeover valve 10a and guiding a part of the hot discharge refrigerant from the discharge pipe 7 to the other outdoor heat exchanger 3a at the same time. Then, while closing the one outdoor side switching valve 9a and opening the other outdoor side switching valve 10a to act on the other outdoor heat exchanger 3a again as an evaporator, the outdoor side switching valve The frost of the outdoor heat exchanger 3b is opened by opening 9b and closing the outdoor side changeover valve 10b to lead a portion of the hot discharge refrigerant from the discharge tube 7 to the other outdoor heat exchanger 3b. The outdoor heat exchanger (3a) (3b) is alternately frosted in the state which removes. While the entire of the room heating operation is still performed.

One of the outdoor heat exchangers 3a and 3b acts as an evaporator while the other outdoor heat exchanger 3a acts as an evaporator in a simultaneous cooling and heating operation in which the other is stopped. When attached, the outdoor side switching side 9a, 10a is switched by the signal of the capability switching means 26 to defrost the outdoor heat exchanger 3a and at the same time, the other side side switching side 9b. Simultaneous cooling and heating operation is continued by switching 10b to act the outdoor heat exchanger 3b as an evaporator.

In addition, when only the indoor unit 5b is switched to the heating operation during the entire room cooling operation described above, for example, both sides of the indoor side changeover sides 15b and 16b are closed and the degree of opening of the refrigerant reducer 17b is opened. Direction, the refrigerant pressure in the indoor heat exchanger 6b is raised in advance, and when the indoor side change valve 15b is opened, generation of refrigerant sound due to the refrigerant pressure difference is prevented.

Similarly, when only the indoor unit 5b is switched to the cooling operation during the entire heating operation, for example, the indoor side switching side 16b on the other side is closed while simultaneously closing the indoor side switching side 15b and the refrigerant reducer 17b. Slightly open by forcibly lowering the refrigerant pressure inside the indoor heat exchanger 6b, or closing the indoor side changeover valve 16b, and after the refrigerant pressure inside the indoor heat exchanger 6b naturally decreases. Opening the switching valve 16b prevents the generation of refrigerant sound by the refrigerant pressure body.

In addition, since the indoor side changeover side 16b is slightly opened, an expensive electric side that can adjust the number of times of opening as the changeover side 16b is used, so that the indoor side changeover side 16b and the other indoor side changeover side 16a are used. If a capillary tube for vipers is used in which the pressure escapes in parallel with (16c), a simple open / close side can be used as the indoor side changeover sides 16a, 16b and 16c.

In the above embodiment, the temperature of the indoor heat exchangers 6a, 6b and 6c is detected by the sensors 27a, 27b and 27c, but instead of the indoor heat exchanger correlating with this temperature. The refrigerant pressure or the temperature at which the cooled and heated air is blown by the indoor heat exchanger may be detected.

4 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. When the indoor unit 5c is installed in a cooling room for a year, such as a computer room, it does not use the indoor side changeover sides 15c and 16c, but directly indoors. The heat exchanger 6c is connected to the low pressure gas pipe 13, and the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment are given, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

5 shows the third embodiment of the present invention. When the indoor heat exchanger 6c is used for heating or hot water for a year, the indoor heat exchanger 15c or 16c is not directly used. 6c) is connected to the high pressure gas pipe 12, and the same code | symbol as 1st Example is attached | subjected, and detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

6 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which an indoor unit 5a is installed in an unspecified room while another indoor unit 5b, 5c is installed in a specific large room, and the indoor unit 5b ( By using the indoor side changeover sides 15b and 16b of 5c in common, the heating and cooling operation of the indoor unit 5a is performed by switching between the indoor side changeover sides 15a and 16a and at the same time the indoor unit 5b ( The heating and cooling operation of 5c) is performed simultaneously with the indoor side changeover sides 15b and 16b. The same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment are given, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 7 shows the fifth embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in the piping inside each of the indoor units 5a, 5b and 5c, they are connected to each other so as to be connected to the indoor side changeover sides 15a and 16a. 15b, 16b, 15c, 16c, refrigerant reducers 17a, 17b, 17c, and reverse valves 28a, 28b, 28c. After the liquid refrigerant from the pressure-reducing fluid is depressurized by the refrigerant reducers 17a, 17b, and 17c, the indoor heat exchangers 6a, 6b, 6c, and the indoor changeover sides 16a, 16b, and 16c. It flows into the low pressure gas pipe (3), and the gas refrigerant from the high pressure gas pipe (12) is switched to the indoor side switching valves (15a), (15b), (15c)-indoor heat exchanger (6a) (6b) (6c) (29a) 29b (29c) In addition to flowing through the liquid pipe 14, they are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 8 shows a sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which each of the indoor heat exchangers 6a, 6b, 6c has a first heat exchanger 61a, 61b, 61c and a second heat exchanger 62a. (B) (62b) and (62c), and the two heat exchangers are provided with refrigerant reducers (30a) (30b) (30c) for removing moisture, such as an electric expansion valve, between the two heat exchangers. After the liquid refrigerant from the pressure is reduced in the refrigerant reducers 17a, 17b, and 17c, the first heat exchangers 61a, 61b, and 61c-the refrigerant reducer 30a for removing moisture with the whole open. ) 30b, 30c-2nd heat exchanger 62a, 62b, 62c-1st, 2nd heat exchanger 61a which flows into an indoor side converter 16a, 16b, 16c, and acts as an evaporator. ) 62a, 61b, 62b, and 61c, 62c are respectively cooled.

On the other hand, at the time of heating, the gas refrigerant from the high-pressure gas pipe 12 removes moisture in the room-side changeover sides 15a, 15b, 15c, and the second heat exchanger 62a, 62b, 62c. Refrigerant Pressure Reducer (30a) (30b) (30c)-First Heat Exchanger (61a) (61b) (61c)-Refrigerant Reducer (17a) (17b) (17c)-Liquid Pipe (13) The first and second heat exchangers 61a, 62a, 61b, 62b, and 61c and 62c which act as a heating system are respectively heated.

When the moisture is removed, the liquid refrigerant from the liquid pipe 14 passes through the refrigerant reducers 17a, 17b, 17c and the first heat exchanger 61a, 61b, 61c of the entire open state. Pressure is reduced in the refrigerant decompressors 30a, 30b, and 30c to remove moisture, and then to the second heat exchangers 62a, 62b, 62c and the indoor switching sides 16a, 16b, and 16c. Flows, and the indoor air cooled by the second heat exchangers 62a, 62b, 62c acting as an evaporator is heated again by the first heat exchangers 61a, 61b, 61c acting as a condenser and moisture Removed.

In addition, the limiting operation by the air-conditioning switching means 24a, 24b and 24c and the capability switching means 26 is the same as in the first embodiment described above, and the same reference numerals are used, and description thereof is omitted.

9 shows the seventh embodiment of the present invention. On the other hand, the indoor unit 5a performs the cooling operation and the heating operation arbitrarily by switching the indoor side changeover sides 15a and 16a, and the other indoor unit. In (5b), when the indoor heat exchangers 6b and 6c act as evaporators by switching between the indoor side changeover sides 15b, 16b and 16c, the cooling operation is performed and the indoor heat exchanger 6b. When (6c) acts as a condenser, the heating operation is performed when the indoor heat exchanger (6b) acts as an evaporator and the indoor heat exchanger (6c) acts as a condenser, and a dehumidification operation is performed. It is equipped.

In addition, the control operation by the air-conditioning switching means 24a and 24b and the capability switching means 26 is the same as that of the first embodiment described above, and the same reference numerals are used, and description thereof is omitted.

FIG. 10 shows the eighth embodiment of the present invention, which differs from the first embodiment in that the outdoor units 1a and 1b are arranged in two, and the compressive capacity of the outdoor unit 1a is changed. A variable compressor (2a), an outdoor heat exchanger (3a), a gas-liquid separator (4a), an outdoor side changeover valve (9a), and a auxiliary refrigerant reducer (21a) are incorporated in the other outdoor unit (1b). Built-in compressor 2b, outdoor heat exchanger 3b, gas-liquid separator 4b, outdoor side changeover valves 9b and 10b and auxiliary refrigerant reducer 21b of constant capacity type with no change in compression capacity. Each refrigerant discharge pipe 7a, 7b is connected to the high pressure gas pipe 12, and the refrigerant suction pipes 8a, 8b are connected to the low pressure gas pipe 13, and the cooling and heating is switched as in the first embodiment. The control operation of the means 24a, 24b and 24c and the capability switching means 26a and 26b results in the capability switching of the compressor 2a of the variable capacity and the determination of the constant capacity compressor 2b. ) And air conditioning at the same time as the whole room cooling operation and the whole room heating operation by opening and closing the switching sides 9a, 10a, 9b, 10b, 15a, 16b, and 15c, 16c. You can drive.

Also, in each of the above embodiments, two or three indoor units 5a, 5b, and 5c are used, but even in the case of four or more indoor units having different capacities, the piping 11 between the units and It is only good to be branch-connected, and it is also possible to easily increase the number of outdoor heat exchangers or the number of outdoor units by branch-connecting an outdoor heat exchanger or an outdoor unit according to the number of indoor units.

In addition, the variable capacity compressor (2) (2a) may be provided in an outdoor unit separate from the outdoor heat exchanger (3a) (3b).

In addition, as the variable capacity compressor (2) 2a, a compressor such as a pole number conversion type and an unloader type may be used in addition to the frequency conversion type.

In each of the above embodiments, the two-way sides are respectively provided on the switching sides 9a, 10a, 9b, 10b, 15a, 16a, 15b, 16b, and 15c and 16c. However, instead of this, the five three-way sides may be used in the state that the switching sides 9a and 10a are three-way sides and the switching sides 9b and 10b are three-way sides.

Incidentally, in the above embodiment, a plurality of outdoor heat exchangers 3a and 3b are formed separately, but these outdoor heat exchangers 3a and 3b may be integrally formed.

In the present invention, since the piping between the unit connecting the outdoor unit and the plurality of indoor units is composed of three refrigerant tubes, the high pressure gas pipe, the low pressure gas pipe, and the liquid pipe, the interior unit is simply connected to the pipe between the units. At the same time, the indoor unit can be freely selected as the indoor unit, as well as the simultaneous cooling operation and the simultaneous heating operation of a plurality of indoor units. By freezing the indoor heat exchange, the capacity change means of the variable capacity compressor and the capacity change of the outdoor heat exchanger are carried out according to the temperature of each indoor heat exchanger of the indoor unit or the refrigerant pressure or the air blowing temperature. Each room while preventing and raising the abnormality of high pressure Which will be operated arbitrarily cut the air.

In the simultaneous operation of cooling and heating, an indoor heat exchanger acting as a condenser and an indoor heat exchanger acting as an evaporator are connected in series, so that efficient operation by heat recovery can be performed.

Claims (4)

It consists of a plurality of indoor units having a compressor, a heat source side unit having a heat source side heat exchanger for exchanging heat with outdoor air or water, and a plurality of indoor units having an indoor heat exchanger for heating indoor air. In the air conditioner, which is connected by using a low pressure gas pipe and a liquid pipe, and is cooled and heated by each indoor unit by switching the switching valves installed in the high pressure gas pipe and the low pressure gas pipe, a high pressure connected to an electric compressor and one end. The gas pipe is branched to form a high pressure gas branch pipe, while the low pressure gas pipe connected to an electric compressor and one end is branched to form a low pressure gas branch pipe, and at least one pipe of each of the high pressure gas branch pipe and the low pressure gas branch pipe is connected. Insert the heat source side changeover valve and connect it to one end of the heat source side heat exchanger. The remaining pipe is branched into a high pressure gas auxiliary pipe, while the remaining pipe of the electric low pressure gas branch pipe is branched into a low pressure gas auxiliary pipe. And connected to one end of the indoor heat exchanger of electricity, branching the electric liquid pipe connected to the other end of the heat source side heat exchanger of electricity to form a liquid distributor, which is fitted with a refrigerant reducer to It is connected to each other end, the remaining tube of the electric high pressure gas branch pipe, the at least part of the tube of the electric high pressure gas auxiliary pipe, the residual tube of the electric low pressure gas branch pipe, and the electric low pressure gas auxiliary pipe An air tank provided with at least a portion of the tube, a portion of the electrical liquid tube, and at least a portion of the electrical liquid distributor between the electrical heat source side unit and the plurality of electrical indoor units Firearms. 2. The heat source side heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of electric heat source side heat exchangers are provided, and one end of each heat source side heat exchanger is connected to an electric high pressure gas pipe and a low pressure gas distributor by sandwiching a heat source side switching valve. Air conditioner which connected the other end of to electric liquid pipe. Composed of a plurality of indoor units having a compressor, a heat source side heat exchanger for exchanging heat with outdoor air or water, and a plurality of indoor units having an indoor heat exchanger for heating indoor air. In the air conditioner for cooling and heating operation by each indoor unit by controlling the switching valve and the electric compressor installed in the high pressure gas pipe and the low pressure gas pipe by using an operation control device. As the electric compressor, a variable capacity compressor whose capacity is changed is used, while a high pressure gas pipe connected to one end of the electric compressor is branched into a high pressure gas branch pipe, and a low pressure gas pipe connected to one end of the electric compressor is branched. A low pressure gas distributor, each of these high pressure gas distributors and a low pressure gas distributor At least one tube is connected to one end of an electric heat source side heat exchanger by inserting a heat source side switching valve, and the remaining tube of the electric high pressure gas branch pipe is branched into a high pressure gas auxiliary pipe. Branching the remaining pipe to form a low pressure gas auxiliary pipe, and connecting the high pressure gas auxiliary pipe and the low pressure gas auxiliary pipe to each end of the indoor indoor heat exchanger by inserting an indoor side switching valve, and connecting the electric heat source side heat exchanger. The liquid pipe connected to the other end of the electric branch is branched into a liquid spray engine. The liquid spray pipe is connected to the other end of the indoor heat exchanger by connecting a refrigerant reducer. At least one indoor unit is cooled in the electric operation control device. In the case of simultaneous heating and cooling operation in which the remaining indoor unit performs heating operation, the compressor capacity required by the indoor unit of the cooling operation side and the heating operation side An air conditioner provided with a capacity setting means for operating an electric compressor with the ability to compare the compressor capacity required by an indoor unit with the ability to balance this large capacity. Composed of a plurality of indoor units having a compressor, a heat source side unit having a heat source side heat exchanger for exchanging heat with outdoor air or water, and a plurality of indoor units having an indoor heat exchanger for heating indoor air, and the compressor, the heat source side heat exchanger and each indoor heat exchanger In the air conditioner, which is connected by using gas pipe, low pressure gas pipe and liquid pipe, the switching valve and the electric compressor installed in the high pressure gas pipe and the low pressure gas pipe are controlled by the operation controller to perform cooling and heating operation by each indoor unit. In addition, a variable capacity compressor whose capacity is changed as an electric compressor is provided, and a plurality of electric heat source side heat exchangers are provided, and the high pressure gas pipe connected to the electric compressor and one end is branched into a high pressure gas branch pipe. Of the low pressure gas pipe connected to the compressor and one end of the low pressure gas pipe, A plurality of pipes of the high pressure gas branch pipe and the low pressure gas branch pipe are respectively connected to one end of the plurality of electric heat source side heat exchangers by fitting the heat source side switching valves, and branching the remaining pipes of the high pressure gas branch pipe of the electric The gas auxiliary pipe is branched into a low pressure gas auxiliary pipe by branching the remaining pipe of the low pressure gas branch pipe of the electric low pressure gas pipe, and the high pressure gas auxiliary pipe and the low pressure gas auxiliary pipe are fitted with an indoor side switching valve. It is connected to each end, and the electric liquid pipe which connected the other end of the several heat source side heat exchanger of each branch is branched into a liquid-dividing engine, and this liquid-dividing engine is connected to each other end of an indoor indoor heat exchanger by inserting a refrigerant reducer. Connected to the electric operation control device and recalled from the respective temperature or refrigerant pressure of the electric indoor heat exchanger or from the electric indoor unit. Group is installed a variable-capacity means for variable-capacity electric and heat-source side of the switching transition of the electric pressure of the air conditioner in accordance with the called out temperature of the air.

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