KR910006538B1 - Process for preparing photograph emulsion with silver-halide - Google Patents

Process for preparing photograph emulsion with silver-halide Download PDF

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KR910006538B1
KR910006538B1 KR1019890010632A KR890010632A KR910006538B1 KR 910006538 B1 KR910006538 B1 KR 910006538B1 KR 1019890010632 A KR1019890010632 A KR 1019890010632A KR 890010632 A KR890010632 A KR 890010632A KR 910006538 B1 KR910006538 B1 KR 910006538B1
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silver halide
emulsion
polyvinyl alcohol
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KR910003431A (en
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김광래
김용수
강성철
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제일합섬 주식회사
이수환
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03CPHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03CPHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
    • G03C1/00Photosensitive materials
    • G03C1/005Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
    • G03C1/06Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein with non-macromolecular additives
    • G03C1/34Fog-inhibitors; Stabilisers; Agents inhibiting latent image regression

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The photographic emulsifying agent for bright room is prepared by adding a compound of formula (I) and polyvinyl alcohol to emulsifying agent and protecting solution. In the formula R1 is hydrogen atom, halogen atom, hydroxyl, alkoxide, acyl, -COOM or - SO3M; R2 is -COOM or -SO3M; and M is hydrogen atom, alkali metal or ammonium. Expecially 1-30 wt.% compound (I) and 8.0 x 10-7- 5.0 x 10- 6 mol polyvinyl alcohol are added with respect to the weight of gelatine, respectively.

Description

명실감광재료용 초저감도 할로겐화은 사진유제의 제조방법Manufacturing method of ultra-low sensitivity silver halide photographic emulsion for bright room photosensitive materials

본 발명은 제라틴-초저감도 할로겐화은 사진감광재료에 관한 것이다. 특히, 본 발명은 300-400mm의 파장영역에서 흡수극대를 가지며 가시광영역에서의 감도를 극도로 낮춘 명실감광재료용 초저감도 할로겐화은 사진유제의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a gelatin-ultra low sensitivity silver halide photosensitive material. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for producing an ultra-low sensitivity silver halide photographic emulsion for a bright room photosensitive material having an absorption maximum in the wavelength range of 300-400 mm and extremely low in the visible range.

최근 인쇄분야에서 대량의 인쇄물을 효율적이고, 능률적으로 처리하기 위해 스캐너, 프린터 등의 기기면에서부터 개량이 행하여져 발전을 하여 왔으며, 감광재료면에서는 명실에서 취급이 가능한 명실용 감광재료가 개발되어 왔다. 또 명실용 감광재료의 제조시 가시광영역에서의 감광도를 낮추기 위하여 할로겐화은 유제에 유기 감감제(減感劑)나 무기 감감제를 첨가하며 이에 따른 보조 첨가제를 사용하는 것이 일반적으로 알려져 왔다.In recent years, in the field of printing, improvements have been made in terms of equipment such as scanners and printers for efficient and efficient processing of a large amount of printed matter. In terms of photosensitive materials, bright photosensitive materials that can be handled in bright rooms have been developed. In addition, in order to reduce the photosensitivity in the visible region in the production of light-sensitive photosensitive material, it has been generally known to add an organic sensitizer or an inorganic sensitizer to the silver halide emulsion and to use auxiliary additives accordingly.

그러나, 인쇄제판 필름의 특징은 수작업시 지문에 의한 감광재료의 오염 및 원고 제작시 감광재료에 테이프를 붙였다 떼었다 하는 등 작업에 의한 감광재료의 손상이 용이하다는 것이 문제점으로 지적되어 왔다.However, it has been pointed out that the characteristics of the printing plate film are easy to damage the photosensitive material by the operation, such as contamination of the photosensitive material by the fingerprint at the time of manual work and taped to the photosensitive material during the production of the document.

또, 작업에 의한 감광재료의 물리적 손상외에도 보존에 의한 연조화(軟調化)와 명실하 포그의 증대가 발생하여 이의 개선이 요망되어 왔다.Moreover, in addition to physical damage of the photosensitive material caused by the work, softening due to storage and increase in clear fog have occurred, and improvement thereof has been demanded.

본 발명의 제1목적은 초저감도의 할로겐화은 사진유제를 제공하는 데 있다. 또한 본 발명의 제2목적은 자외광을 주로하는 광원에 노광된 후 현상시 고감도, 경조성을 유지하는 사진유제를 제공하는 데 있다. 또한 본 발명의 제3목적은 이제까지의 사진유제를 지지체 위에 도포할 시 경조성이 우수하고 포그가 적으며 보관시 명실안정성이 저하되지 않는 경시성을 지닌 사진 유제 및 그의 제조방법을 제공하는 데 있다.It is a first object of the present invention to provide an ultra low sensitivity silver halide photographic emulsion. In addition, a second object of the present invention is to provide a photographic emulsion that maintains high sensitivity and high rigidity during development after exposure to a light source mainly emitting ultraviolet light. In addition, a third object of the present invention is to provide a photographic emulsion having excellent temperability, less fog, and less stability during storage when the photographic emulsion is applied on a support, and a method of manufacturing the same. .

본 발명에서는 감광재료의 물리적 손상과 연조화를 방지하기 위해 사진감광재료의 특성에 영향을 주지 않는 범위내에서 다음 일반식(1)로 표시되는 화합물 중 최소한 1종과 고분자 화합물인 폴리비닐알코올(PVA)을 동시에 감광층에 첨가함으로써 우수한 경시성을 가진 사진유제를 얻을 수 있었다 :In the present invention, in order to prevent physical damage and softening of the photosensitive material, at least one of the compounds represented by the following general formula (1) within a range that does not affect the properties of the photosensitive material and polyvinyl alcohol which is a high molecular compound ( By simultaneously adding PVA) to the photosensitive layer, a photoemulsion with good aging was obtained:

Figure kpo00001
Figure kpo00001

(위의 일반식(1)에서 R1은 수소원자, 할로겐원자, 하이드록실시, 알콕사이드기, 아실기, -COOM기 또는 -SO3M기를 표시하고; R2는 -COOM기 또는 -SO3M기를 표시하며, M은 수소원자, 알칼리금속 또는 암모늄기를 표시한다).(In Formula (1), R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxide group, an acyl group, a -COOM group, or a -SO 3 M group; R 2 represents a -COOM group or -SO 3. Group M, M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal or an ammonium group).

본 발명에서 사용된 위의 일반식(1)로 표시되는 화합물의 예는 다음과 같다:Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1) used in the present invention are as follows:

Figure kpo00002
Figure kpo00002

본 발명에서 사용한 일반식(1)로 표시되는 화합물과 폴리비닐알코올은 물 또는 물과 상용성이 있는 용제(예, 메탄올, 에탄올 등)에 용해시켜 첨가한다. 첨가시기는 유제 및 보호막용액에 화학숙성후부터 도포전까지의 단계가 제일 좋다.The compound represented by the general formula (1) and polyvinyl alcohol used in the present invention are added by dissolving it in water or a solvent compatible with water (eg, methanol, ethanol, etc.). The best time to add is from the time of chemical aging to the emulsion and the protective film solution before the application.

본 발명에서 위의 일반식(1)로 표시되는 화합물의 첨가량은 제라틴 중량에 대하여 1-30%, 좋기로는 2-10%이다 .또한 폴리비닐 알코올은 제라틴 중량에 대하여 8.0×10-7-5.0×10-6mol이 적당하다.. The amount of which is represented by the general formula (1) above in the compound of the present invention preferably in the 1-30 wt% based on the Latin, is also 2-10% polyvinyl alcohol was 8.0 × 10 relative to the weight of the Latin - 7 -5.0 x 10 -6 mol is suitable.

본 발명의 할로겐화은은 사진유제에 이용되는 할로겐화은으로는 염화은, 염취화은 및 염옥취화은 등이 이용되는데 특히 염화은 95% mol 이상의 염취화은이 적당하다. 또 본 발명에서 가시광 영역에서의 감광성을 저하시키기 위해 사용하는 감감제(減感劑)는 무기 감감제가 적당하며 예로서 이염화로듐, 삼염화로듐, 헥사크로로듐산 암모니움 등이 좋다. 첨가량은 할로겐화은 1mol 당 10-3-10-5mol이며 10-3-10-4mol이 특히 바람직하다. 이러한 첨가제는 물리숙성의 과정등 적당한 시기에 첨가해도 좋으나, 좋은 방법은 할라이드 용액중 첨가하여 주입하는 것이다. 이러한 할로겐화은 입자는 공지의 방법으로 제조된다.The silver halides used in the silver halide photographic emulsion of the present invention include silver chloride, silver salt saturation, silver salt scavenging salt, and the like. Particularly, silver halide salts of 95% mol or more are suitable. In the present invention, as a sensitizer used for reducing the photosensitivity in the visible light region, an inorganic sensitizer is suitable, and examples thereof include rhodium dichloride, rhodium trichloride, and hexachromoic acid ammonium. The amount added is 10 -3 -10 -5 mol per mol of silver halide and 10 -3 -10 -4 mol is particularly preferred. Such additives may be added at a suitable time such as the process of physical aging, but a good method is to add and inject in the halide solution. Such silver halide particles are produced by known methods.

본 발명에는 할로겐화은 용제를 사용하며 입자 성장을 시켰는데 물리숙성중 온도는 30-70℃, pH는 4-11, pAg는 5-12 정도의 범위이다. 본 발명에서 제조한 사진 유제의 할로겐화은은 평균입자 크기는 0.1-2㎛이며 좋기로는 0.1-1㎛이 양호한 결과를 나타냈다. 본 발명의 할로겐화은은 사진유제는 물리숙성을 한 후 가용성 염류를 제거하는 데 있어서 pH 강하에 의한 응집법을 사용하였다.In the present invention, a silver halide solvent was used and the particles were grown, and the temperature was in the range of 30-70 ° C., pH 4-11, and pAg 5-12 during physical ripening. The silver halide halide of the photographic emulsion prepared in the present invention had an average particle size of 0.1-2 탆, preferably 0.1-1 탆. The silver halide photographic emulsion of the present invention used a flocculation method by pH drop in removing soluble salts after physical aging.

본 발명의 할로겐화은 사진유제는 가용성 염류를 제거한 후 화학증감제를 사용하여 최고감도까지 숙성을 하였는데, 증감제로서는 예로서 활성제라틴, 황증감제(티오황산 소다, 아릴티오 카바이드, 티오우레아, 아릴이소티아 시아네이트 등), 세렌 증감제(N, N-디메틸세렌 요소, 세렌요소 등), 환원 증감제(트리에틸렌 테트라민등) 그리고 금착염, 로듐, 백금 등의 귀금속 증감제가 사용가능하다. 이들 증감제는 각각 단독으로 혹은 2종 이상 병용하여 사용하는 것이 가능하다. 또, 본 발명의 할로겐화은 사진유제에는 안정제, 포그방지제, 경막제, 가소제등이 첨가되는데 유제의 제조공정중 보존 중 및 현상처리중에서 포그의 증가와 감도의 감소를 방지하기 위한 화합물 4-히드록시-6-메틸-1,3,3a,7-테트라자인덴, 1-페닐-5-머캅토 테트라졸, 벤조트리아졸, 벤조이미다졸 같은 포그 방지제 또는 안정제를 함유한다.The silver halide photographic emulsion of the present invention was aged to the highest sensitivity using a chemical sensitizer after removing soluble salts. Examples of the sensitizer include activators such as activators, sulfur sensitizers (sodium thiosulfate, arylthio carbide, thiourea, aryliso) Thi cyanate, etc.), serene sensitizers (N, N-dimethylserene urea, serene urea, etc.), reducing sensitizers (such as triethylene tetramine) and noble metal sensitizers such as gold salt, rhodium, platinum and the like can be used. These sensitizers can be used individually or in combination of 2 or more types, respectively. In addition, stabilizers, antifogging agents, film-forming agents, and plasticizers are added to the silver halide photographic emulsion of the present invention. Compound 4-hydroxy- to prevent the increase of fog and the decrease of sensitivity during preservation and development during the manufacturing process of the emulsion. Fog inhibitors or stabilizers such as 6-methyl-1,3,3a, 7-tetrazaindene, 1-phenyl-5-mercapto tetrazole, benzotriazole, benzoimidazole.

본 발명의 사진 감광재료의 사진 유제층 또는 천수성 클로이드층에는 도포조제, 대전방지, 마찰개량등의 사진특성 개량을 위한 계면활성제가 이용되는데 예로서 사포닌, 알킬렌 옥사이드 유도체(폴리에틸렌 글리콜, 폴리에틸렌 글리콜에스테르류, 폴리에틸렌 글리콜소비탄에스테르)알킬 술폰산염, 알킬벤젠 술폰산염, 알킬황산-에스테르등이 사용된다.In the photographic emulsion layer or the water-soluble cladding layer of the photosensitive material of the present invention, a surfactant for improving photographic characteristics such as coating aid, antistatic and frictional improvement is used. Examples include saponin and alkylene oxide derivatives (polyethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol ester). And polyethylene glycol sorbitan esters) alkyl sulfonates, alkylbenzene sulfonates, alkyl sulfuric acid esters and the like.

본 발명의 할로겐화은 사진유제는 지체상에 도포되며 지지체로는 폴리에틸렌 테레프탈레이트(PET), 트리아세테이트 셀룰로오즈(TAC), 바라이타지와 같은 가소성 지지체에 도포한다.The silver halide photographic emulsion of the present invention is applied on a retentate and as a support is applied to a plastic support such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), triacetate cellulose (TAC), and baritazide.

이와 같이 제조된 할로겐화은 사진 감광재료의 노광용 광원으로는 주로 인쇄분야에서 사용하는 자외광이 풍부한 광원,예로서 키세논 메탈할라이드, 수은등, 초고압 수은등이 사용된다.As the light source for exposure of the silver halide photosensitive material thus produced, a light source rich in ultraviolet light mainly used in the printing field, for example, xenon metal halides, mercury lamps, ultra-high pressure mercury lamps, and the like are used.

본 발명의 할로겐화은 사진유제의 현상액으로서는 일반적인 할로겐화은 사진 감광재료에 이용되는 현상액 및 리스현상액을 이용하는 것이 가능하다. 처리온도는 보통 18-40℃정도가 좋으며, 처리시간는 20-200초의 신속처리를 한다.As the developer of the silver halide photographic emulsion of the present invention, it is possible to use a developer and a lease developer used for a general silver halide photographic photosensitive material. The treatment temperature is usually about 18-40 ℃ and the treatment time is 20-200 seconds.

다음에 본 발명의 실시예를 들어 구체적으로 설명한다.Next, the Example of this invention is given and it demonstrates concretely.

[비교예 1]Comparative Example 1

아데닌을 포함한 제라틴 용액을 40℃에서 보존하면서 3염화로듐 및 질산은 1mol당 1.3mol의 염화칼슘 0.02mol의 브룸화칼륨을 혼합용해한 수용액과 질산은수용액을 동시 주입하면서 40분간 숙성하였다. 이 유제를 통상의 응집법에 의해 수용성 염류를 제거하고 추가 젤라틴을 첨가하여 평균입경 0.2㎛의 염취화은 유제를 얻었다. 이와 같이 제조한 유체에 염료 및 안정제, 포그방지제, 경막제, 가소제 등을 첨가한 후 PET 지지체위에 온량 6g/㎡로 도포하였다. 이 시료에 자외광이 풍부한 광원에 광학웨지를 통하여 노광후 현상을 실히하였다. 현상은 공지의 신속처리 현상액을 사용하였으며 38℃에서 20초간 행하였다. 경시성 비교는 도포 직후의 시료와 55℃에서 상대습도 80% 72시간 열처리한 시료에 대하여 행하였다.The gelatine solution containing adenine was preserved at 40 ° C, and aged for 40 minutes while simultaneously mixing and dissolving 0.02 mol of potassium bromide and 1.3 mol of calcium chloride per mol of rhodium trichloride and nitric acid. The emulsion was removed by water-soluble salts by a conventional flocculation method, and additional gelatin was added to obtain a salt embrittlement emulsion having an average particle diameter of 0.2 µm. Dye, stabilizer, fog inhibitor, film-forming agent, plasticizer and the like were added to the fluid thus prepared, and then applied to the PET support at a temperature of 6 g / m 2. This sample was subjected to post-exposure phenomenon through an optical wedge with a light source rich in ultraviolet light. The development was carried out using a known rapid treatment developer and carried out at 38 ° C. for 20 seconds. Time-lapse comparison was performed about the sample immediately after application | coating and the sample heat-processed at 55 degreeC for 80% of the relative humidity for 72 hours.

[비교예 2]Comparative Example 2

비교예 1과 같이 유제를 제조하고 화학증감 종료시 첨가제로서 PVA를 표1과 같이 첨가한 후 도포, 경시성 비교를 행하였다.An oil agent was prepared as in Comparative Example 1, and PVA was added as an additive at the end of chemical sensitization as shown in Table 1, followed by application and time comparison.

[실시예 1]Example 1

비교예 1과 같이 유제를 제조하고 화학증감 종료시 첨가제로서 (1-A) 및 PVA 첨가한 후 도포, 경시성 비교를 행하였다.An oil agent was prepared as in Comparative Example 1, and (1-A) and PVA were added as additives at the end of chemical sensitization, followed by application and time comparison.

[표 1]TABLE 1

Figure kpo00003
Figure kpo00003

* 상기 표1에서 감도는 그레이스케일 15단계에서의 농도로 표시.* Sensitivity in Table 1 is expressed as the concentration in 15 steps of grayscale.

Claims (2)

명실감광재료용 초저감도 할로겐화은 사진유제의 제조방법에 있어서, 다음 일반식(1)로 표시되는 화합물과 폴리비닐알코올을 화학숙성후부터 도포전까지의 단계에서 유제 및 보호막 용액에 첨가함을 특징으로 하는 방법:In the manufacturing method of ultra-low sensitivity silver halide photographic emulsion for clear room photosensitive materials, the compound represented by the following general formula (1) and polyvinyl alcohol are added to the emulsion and the protective film solution at the stage from chemical aging to before application Way:
Figure kpo00004
Figure kpo00004
[위의 일반식(1)에서 R1은 수소원자, 할로겐원자, 하이드록실시, 알콕사이드기, 아실기, -COOM기 또는 -SO3M기를 표시하고; R2는 -COOM기 또는 -SO3M기를 표시하며, M은 수소원자, 알칼리금속 또는 암모늄기를 표시한다][In General Formula (1), R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydroxylated, alkoxide group, acyl group, -COOM group, or -SO 3 M group; R 2 represents a -COOM group or a -SO 3 M group, and M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal or an ammonium group.]
제1항에서, 일반식(1)의 화합물을 제라틴 중량에 대하여 1-30% 첨가하고, 폴리비닐알코올은 제라틴 중량에 대하여 8.0×10-7-5.0×10-6몰 첨가함을 특징으로 하는 방법.The method according to claim 1, wherein the compound of the formula (1) is added 1-30% by weight of the gelatin, and polyvinyl alcohol is added by 8.0 × 10 -7 -5.0 × 10 -6 mole by the weight of the gelatin. How to.
KR1019890010632A 1989-07-27 1989-07-27 Process for preparing photograph emulsion with silver-halide KR910006538B1 (en)

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