KR910004894B1 - Transmission of automobile - Google Patents

Transmission of automobile Download PDF

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KR910004894B1
KR910004894B1 KR1019890013022A KR890013022A KR910004894B1 KR 910004894 B1 KR910004894 B1 KR 910004894B1 KR 1019890013022 A KR1019890013022 A KR 1019890013022A KR 890013022 A KR890013022 A KR 890013022A KR 910004894 B1 KR910004894 B1 KR 910004894B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
gear
pump
shaft
output shaft
oil
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KR1019890013022A
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Korean (ko)
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KR910007407A (en
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김성환
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김성환
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Abstract

The stepless speed changer for vehicles comprises an input sun gear (1) fixed at an input shaft (1a), an output sun gear (4) fixed at an output shaft (4a), planetary gears (2,3) geared with the sun gears (1,4), respectively on the same shaft (3), one pump gear (5) coupled to the input/output shaft (1,4) and also eccentrically coupled to the planetary gear shaft (3), the other pump gear (6), fixed at a shaft (26), forming a gear pump by gearing with the pump gear (5), forming a gear pump by gearing with the pump gear (5), sealing plates (22,22a,27) for preventing the gear pump oil from leaking, and a valve (28) for varying the oil flux. The structure is stmple and economical.

Description

자동차용 무단변속기Continuously variable transmission

제 1 도는 본 발명의 종단면도.1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the present invention.

제 2 도는 제 1 도의 X-X선 단면도.2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X-X of FIG.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 : 입력축 태양치차 2, 3 : 유성치차1: input shaft solar gear 2, 3: planetary gear

4 : 출력축 태양치차 5, 6 : 펌프용치차4: output gear solar gear 5, 6: pump gear

7 : 케이싱 8 : 케이싱커버7: casing 8: casing cover

22, 22a : 펌프용치차(5)의 양쪽 밀폐판22, 22a: sealing plates on both sides of the pump gear 5

26 : 펌프용치차(6)의 축26: shaft of pump gear 6

27 : 펌프용치차(6)의 밀폐판 28 : 토출유량 조절밸브27: sealing plate of the pump gear (6) 28: discharge flow rate control valve

29 : 오일유출배관 29a : 기어펌프의 오일토출구29: oil outflow pipe 29a: oil discharge port of the gear pump

30 : 오일탱크 31 : 누출오일유출배관30: oil tank 31: leaking oil outflow pipe

32 : 오일순환배관 32 : 기어펌프의 오일흡입구32: oil circulation piping 32: oil suction port of the gear pump

본 발명은 입력축 태양치차에 치압되어 자전과 공전을 하는 유성치차를 출력축 태양치차에 치합되어 자전과 공전을 하는 유성치차 축에 동일축으로 축설하되 유성치차의 동일축을 입력축과 출력축에 축설된 펌프용치차에 편심으로 축설하여 유성치차의 공전으로 펌프용치차를 회전시키는 기어펌프내의 오일의 유출량을 토출량 조절밸브로 조정하여 기어펌프의 회전속도를 무단으로 변속하므로서 출력축을 무단변속시키는 자동차용 무단변속기에 관한 것으로 종래의 무단변속시 보다 간단하여 값이 싸게 제작될 수 있도록 한 것이다.According to the present invention, a planetary gear that is rotated and rotated by an input shaft solar gear is installed on the output shaft and the planetary gear shaft that is rotated and rotates is coaxially arranged on the planetary gear shaft. It is installed in the gearless motor which continuously shifts the output shaft by continuously adjusting the outflow of oil in the gear pump which rotates the pump gear by the rotation of the planetary gear by the discharge amount control valve. It relates to a simpler than in the case of the continuously variable speed, so that the value can be manufactured cheaply.

이하, 본 발명을 첨부도면에 의거하여 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도면에서 (1)은 입력축 태양치차이고 이 입력축 태양치차(1)는 입력축과 일체로 형성되었고 이 입력축 태양치차(1)가 회전하면 맞물려 있는 유성치차(2)는 자전 및 입력축 태양치차(1)의 주위로 공전하도록 되어 있으며, 유성치차(2)는 또 다른 유성치차(3)의 축(3a)에 끼워져 키(18)로서 고정되어 유성치차(2)와 (3)의 자전과 공전은 동일하게 이루어진다. 유성치차(2)와 (3)의 자전은 입력축 태양치차(1)에 의해서 되고 공전은 기어펌프 토출량을 조절하는 밸브(28)에 의하여 이루어진다.In the drawing, (1) is the input shaft solar gear (1) is formed integrally with the input shaft, and when the input shaft solar gear (1) rotates, the planetary gear (2) that is engaged is rotated and the input shaft solar gear (1) The planetary gear 2 is fitted around the shaft 3a of another planetary gear 3 and fixed as a key 18 so that the rotation and revolution of the planetary gears 2 and 3 are the same. It is done. The rotation of the planetary gears 2 and 3 is made by the input shaft solar gear 1 and the revolution is made by the valve 28 which regulates the gear pump discharge amount.

케이싱(7)에 기워진 베어링(19)은 입력축 태양치차(1)을 회전토록 지지하고 있고 오일시일(21)로 오닐누출을 막아주고 베어링커버(21a)가 이를 보호하고 있다. 유성치차(3)의 축(3a)은 베어링(16)에 끼워져 있고 이 베어링(16)은 펌프용치차(5)의 편심에 자리잡고 있으며, 펌프용치차(5)는 출력축(4a)과 입력축(1a)에 끼워진 베어링(33),(33a)에 끼워져 유성치차(2)와 (3)의 공전과 같이 한다. 펌프용치차(5)의 양면에는 펌프용치차(5)의 외경과 직경이 동일한 밀폐판(22),(22a)을 보울트너트(23)로 체결시키고 케이싱(7)의 내부 원주면에 밀접시켜 오일펌프 역할이 되도록 하며 펌프용치차(5)는 펌프용치차(6)과 맞물고 돌게한다. 밀폐판(22),(22a)은 케이싱(7)의 주면홈에 맞닿아 미끄러지면서 돌고 또한 펌프용치차(6)은 베어링(25)에 끼워져 케이싱(7)과 밀폐판(27)에 둘러쌓여 회전시에 이들과 밀접한 상태로 회전하고 베어링(25)은 축(26)에 끼워져 있고, 축의 끝은 케이싱(7)과 밀폐판(27)에 고정되어 있다.The bearing 19 mounted on the casing 7 supports the input shaft solar gear 1 so as to rotate, and prevents leakage of oil by the oil seal 21 and the bearing cover 21a protects it. The shaft 3a of the planetary gear 3 is fitted to the bearing 16, and the bearing 16 is located at the eccentricity of the pump gear 5, and the pump gear 5 has an output shaft 4a and an input shaft. It fits into the bearings 33 and 33a fitted in (1a), and is made to revolve like planetary gears 2 and (3). On both sides of the pump gear 5, the sealing plates 22 and 22a having the same diameter as the outer diameter of the pump gear 5 are fastened with the bolt nut 23 and brought into close contact with the inner circumferential surface of the casing 7. To serve as an oil pump, the pump gear (5) is meshed with the pump gear (6) to turn. The sealing plates 22 and 22a slide in contact with the main surface grooves of the casing 7, and the pump gear 6 is fitted to the bearing 25 to be surrounded by the casing 7 and the sealing plate 27. In rotation, the bearing 25 is fitted to the shaft 26, and the end of the shaft is fixed to the casing 7 and the sealing plate 27 at the time of rotation.

출력축 태양치차(4)는 출력축(4a)에 일체로 형성되어 있고 이 출력축(4a)은 케이싱커버(8)에 끼워진 베어링(14)에 끼워져 지지되고 있다. 케이싱(7)과 케이싱커버(8)은 보울트너트(10)로 체결되어 있다. 유성치차(3)이 출력축 태양치차(4)의 주위를 맞물고 자전하면서 공전하며, 펌프용치차(5)와 양측 밀폐판(22),(22a)은 출력축 태양치차(4)의 오른쪽과 입력축 태양치차(1)의 왼쪽에 끼워진 베어링(33) 및 (33a)에 끼워져서 회전한다. 케이싱(7)과 케이싱커버(8) 내부공간에는 기름으로 가득차 있으며, 기어펌프의 오일토출구(29a)와 흡입구(32a)는 펌프용치차(5)와 (6)이 맞물리는 위치의 케이싱 좌우측에 형성되어 있다.The output shaft sun gear 4 is integrally formed with the output shaft 4a, and this output shaft 4a is supported by being fitted to the bearing 14 fitted to the casing cover 8. The casing 7 and the casing cover 8 are fastened by the bolt nut 10. The planetary gear 3 rotates and rotates around the output shaft solar gear 4 while the pump gear 5 and the two side sealing plates 22 and 22a are formed on the right side of the output shaft solar gear 4 and the input shaft. It is fitted to the bearings 33 and 33a fitted to the left side of the sun gear 1 and rotates. The inner space of the casing (7) and the casing cover (8) is filled with oil, and the oil discharge port (29a) and the suction port (32a) of the gear pump are located on the left and right sides of the casing where the gears (5) and (6) for the pump engage with each other. Formed.

오일토출구(29a)에서 나온 오일은 오일유출배관(29)과 밸브(28) 오일탱크(30) 및 오일순환배관(32)을 거쳐 흡입구(32a)로 다시 순환토록 되어 있으며 밸브(28)은 열릴 때는 급히 열려야 하고 닫힐 때는 천천히 닫히는 밸브이며 브레이크 페달을 밟으면 열리고 놓으면 닫히도록 하였고, 오일탱크(30)은 오일이 열에 의해 팽창수축했을때 체적을 흡수할 수 있도록 되어야 하며, 배관(31)은 기어펌프 작동시 케이싱(7)의 주면홈으로 약간 누출되는 오일을 케이싱 밖으로 세어나오지 않도록 하기 위한 것으로 오일탱크(30)과 연결하였고, 밸브(28)에 연결되는 펌프토출구(29a)쪽 오일유출배관(29)과 오일탱크(30)쪽 오일유출배관(29)사이에는 안전변(28b)을 바이패스관(28a)으로 연결하여 악세레타를 너무 급히 밟아 입력축 회전속도가 순간적으로 급격히 높아졌을 때 출력축(4a)에 가해지는 충격적인 증속을 완충시켜 일정한 펌프의 토출압력이 주어진 일정한 압력 이상이 되었을 때 오일탱크 쪽으로 안전변(28b)이 열려 오일을 바이패싱시켜 주므로서 가속도가 천천히 증가되도록 하였고, 도면중 미설명부호 9는 "0"링이며, 11은 출력축 베어링커버이고, 12는 보울트, 13은 오일시일, 15,17,20,24는 스페이서(spacer)이다.The oil from the oil discharge port 29a is circulated back to the inlet port 32a through the oil outlet pipe 29 and the valve 28, the oil tank 30 and the oil circulation pipe 32, and the valve 28 is opened. When it is urgently open and closes slowly, it is a valve that closes slowly. When you press the brake pedal, it opens and releases and closes. The oil tank 30 must be able to absorb the volume when the oil expands and contracts by heat, and the pipe 31 is a gear pump. It is connected to the oil tank 30 to prevent oil from leaking slightly out of the casing out of the main surface groove of the casing (7) during operation, and the oil outlet pipe (29a) at the pump discharge port (29a) connected to the valve (28). The safety shaft 28b is connected to the bypass pipe 28a between the oil tank 30 and the oil outflow pipe 29 on the side of the oil tank 30, and the output shaft 4a is momentarily rapidly stepped on by accelerating the accelerator. When the discharge pressure of a certain pump is buffered to increase the shock pressure, the safety valve 28b is opened toward the oil tank to bypass the oil so that the acceleration is increased slowly. A "0" ring, 11 is an output shaft bearing cover, 12 is a bolt, 13 is an oil seal, and 15, 17, 20 and 24 are spacers.

이와같은 본 발명의 출력축(4a)의 무단변속을 설명하면 다음과 같다. 입력축(1a)을 회전시키면 유성치차(2)가 자전하면서 입력축 태양치차(1)의 주위를 공전함과 동시에 유성치차(3)를 출력축 태양치차(4)주위로 공전시킨다. (정지된 차량을 운행하려면 출력축(4a)은 상당히 큰 부하가 걸려 있으므로 유성치차(3)도 자전하면서 출력축 태양치차(4)의 주위를 공전하게 된다) 이때 밸브(28)는 열려 있고, 출력축(4a)을 회전시켜야 하므로 자동차의 브레이크 페달에서 밟을 때면(제동을 해제하면) 밸브(28)은 닫히기 시작하고 악세레타를 더욱 밟아 입력축 태양치차(1)의 회전속도를 높이면 기어펌프의 오일토출구(29a)와 연결된 밸브(28)은 계속 닫혀가고 있으므로 오일토출구(29a)쪽에 고압이 형성되면서 펌프용치차(5),(6)의 회전속도(즉, 유성치차(3)과 (2)의 공전속도)는 감소하며 동시에 유성치차(3)의 자전속도는 커져서 정지상태에 있던 출력축(4a)의 회전속도가 높아지며 밸브(28)이 완전히 닫히면 펌프용치차(5) 및 (6)이 서게 되고, 이때 출력축(4a)도 초고속도에 도달하며 악세레타로 엔진 최고속도를 내면 출력축도 최고속도에 무단증속으로 고속에 도달된다.The stepless speed change of the output shaft 4a of the present invention will be described as follows. When the input shaft 1a is rotated, the planetary gear 2 rotates while revolving around the input shaft solar gear 1 and at the same time rotates the planetary gear 3 around the output shaft solar gear 4. (In order to drive the stopped vehicle, the output shaft 4a has a very large load, so the planetary gear 3 also rotates and revolves around the output shaft solar gear 4.) At this time, the valve 28 is open and the output shaft ( 4a) must be rotated, so when the user presses on the brake pedal of the car (releases the brake), the valve 28 starts to close, and if the accelerator is further pressed to increase the rotation speed of the input shaft sun gear 1, the oil discharge port 29a of the gear pump Valve 28 is continuously closed, so that the high pressure is formed on the oil discharge port 29a and the rotational speeds of the pump gears 5 and 6 (that is, the idle speed of the planetary gears 3 and 2). At the same time, the rotation speed of the planetary gear 3 increases, and the rotational speed of the output shaft 4a, which is in a stopped state, increases. When the valve 28 is completely closed, the pump gears 5 and 6 stand up. The output shaft 4a also reaches a very high speed, and the engine When the maximum speed is reached, the output shaft also reaches high speed without speed at maximum speed.

이와같은 유성치차(3)의 자전과 공전에 따른 출력축 태양치차(4)의 회전비의 관계를 감속비(변속비)와 같이 수식으로 고찰한다.The relationship between the rotational ratio of the solar gear 4 of the output shaft according to the rotation of the planetary gear 3 and the revolution of the planetary gear 3 is considered as a reduction ratio (speed ratio).

유성치차(3)의 잇빨수를 N, 출력축 태양치차(4)의 잇빨수를 M, 유성치차(3)이 1회전 자전하면서 출력축 태양치차(4)의 주위를 공전하는 회전수를 y라고 할때(유성치차(3)의 공전은 밸브(28)의 개폐정도를 조정함) 입력축 태양치차(1)가 l회전 할때의 출력축 태양치차(4)의 회전수를 K라고 하면

Figure kpo00001
이므로 상기 식에서 유성치차(3)의 자전 및 공전이 있으면서 출력축 태양치차(4)가 회전하지 않는다면 공전수
Figure kpo00002
이 성립할 때이며 감속비는 무한대라고 할 수 있고 공전수가 점점 적어지면 감속비도 점점 적어진다고 할 수 있고 출력축은 회전하기 시작하고, 밸브(28)이 닫히면 공전수 Y=0이 되고 출력축 태양치차(4)의 회전수는 최대가 된다. 이때 출력축 태양치차(4) 회전수가 최대가 된다는 것은 유성치차(3)이 1회전 자전했을 때의 회전수를 말하고, 악세레타를 밟아 자동차 엔진속도를 높이면 입력축 태양치차(1)의 가속 회전에 의한 출력축 태양치차(4)의 가속 회전으로 자동차의 진행속도는 최고속도 까지 무단증속된다는 것을 알 수 있다.The number of teeth of the planetary gear (3) is N, the number of teeth of the output shaft solar gear (4) is M, and the rotational speed of the planetary gear (3) rotating around the output shaft solar gear (4) while rotating one revolution is y. When the rotation of the planetary gear 3 adjusts the opening and closing degree of the valve 28, the rotation speed of the output shaft solar gear 4 when the input shaft solar gear 1 rotates l is K.
Figure kpo00001
If the output shaft solar gear (4) does not rotate while there is a rotation and revolution of the planetary gear (3) in the above formula
Figure kpo00002
When it is established, the reduction ratio is infinite, and when the number of revolutions decreases, the reduction ratio also decreases, the output shaft starts to rotate, and when the valve 28 is closed, the revolution number Y = 0 and the output shaft solar gear 4 The number of revolutions is maximum. In this case, the maximum rotation speed of the output shaft solar gear 4 refers to the rotation speed when the planetary gear 3 rotates one revolution, and when the engine speed is increased by pressing the accelerometer, the acceleration of the input shaft solar gear 1 is increased. It can be seen that the acceleration speed of the output shaft solar gear 4 is continuously speeded up to the maximum speed.

따라서 본 발명의 출력축에 차량의 전진 후진 및 중립장치를 별도로 제작 연결하며 입력축에 자동차 엔진의 크랭크축을 연결하고 유성치차(2)의 잇빨수를 입력축 태양치차(1)의 잇빨수 보다 많게 되면 프로펠러 샤프트의 구동피니언(drive pinion)에 맞물린 피동기어(drive gear)의 잇빨수를 줄일수 있고, 크랭크축과 변속기 중간에 보통차에 존재하는 클러치장치를 없앨수도 있어 자동차 제작원가도 싸지고 편리해지는 효과가 있다. 또한 태양치차(1),(4)의 잇빨수와 유성치차(2),(3)의 잇빨수는 임의로 정할수 있다.Therefore, the forward and reverse devices of the vehicle are manufactured and connected separately to the output shaft of the present invention, and the crankshaft of the automobile engine is connected to the input shaft and the number of teeth of the planetary gear 2 becomes greater than the number of teeth of the input shaft of the sun gear 1. It can reduce the number of teeth of the drive gear meshed with the drive pinion of the engine, and eliminate the clutch device existing in the car between the crankshaft and the transmission. . The number of teeth of the sun gears 1 and 4 and the number of teeth of the planetary gears 2 and 3 can be arbitrarily determined.

Claims (1)

입력축 태양치차(1)에 치압되어 자전과 공전을 하는 유성치차(2)를 출력축 태양치차(4)에 치압되어 자전과 공전을 하는 유성치차(3) 축(3a)에 동일축으로 축설하되 유성치차(2),(3)의 동일축(3a)을 입력축(1a)과 출력축(4a)에 축설된 펌프용치차(5)에 편심으로 축설하여 유성치차(2)와 (3)의 공전으로 펌프용치차(5)를 회전시켜, 펌프용치차(5)는 축(2b)에 축설된 펌프용치차(6)와 맞물려 기어펌프를 형성하되 펌프용치차(5),(6)의 양면과 일면에 밀폐판(22),(22a),(27)을 각각 부착하여 펌프용치차(5),(6)과 케이싱(7)사이에 밀접시키므로서 기어펌프의 오일 누출이 거의 없도록 하고, 오일투출구(29a)에서 나온 오일을 밸브(28)로서 출발 가속시는 천천히 닫히고 제동시는 급히 열리도록 하여 토출량을 변화시키므로서 펌프용치차(5)의 회전을 조정시킴과 동시에 유성치차(3)의 공전을 조정하여 출력축 태양치차(4)를 정지 상태에서 최대속도까지 무단변속시키도록 함을 특징으로 하는 자동차용 무단변속기.The planetary gear (2), which is pressed by the input shaft solar gear (1) and rotates and revolves, is laid down on the shaft (3a) of the planetary gear (3) which is pressed by the output shaft solar gear (4) and rotates. The same shaft 3a of the gears 2 and 3 is eccentrically laid on the pump gear 5 arranged on the input shaft 1a and the output shaft 4a so that the planetary gears 2 and 3 revolve. By rotating the pump gear 5, the pump gear 5 meshes with the pump gear 6 arranged on the shaft 2b to form a gear pump, and both sides of the pump gears 5 and 6 are formed. The sealing plates 22, 22a, and 27 are attached to one surface so as to be close between the pump gears 5, 6 and the casing 7, so that there is almost no oil leakage from the gear pump. The oil discharged from the discharge port 29a is used as the valve 28 to slowly close when accelerating the start and to open rapidly when braking to change the discharge amount, thereby adjusting the rotation of the pump gear 5 and the planetary gear 3. Of Automotive continuously variable transmission for which to adjust the sun gear around the output shaft (4), characterized in that to the continuously-variable shifting up to speed from standstill.
KR1019890013022A 1989-09-08 1989-09-08 Transmission of automobile KR910004894B1 (en)

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