KR910001781B1 - Brushless motor - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Disc Type Single Phase Brushless Motor

1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a disc type single phase brushless fan motor to which the disc type single phase brushless motor of the present invention is applied as one embodiment.

2 is a top perspective view of a disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor body equipped with a stator coreless armature.

3 is a top perspective view of a stator coreless armature mounted on the same axial fan motor main body.

4 is a plan view of the copper

5 is a top perspective view of the stator yoke used for the stator coreless armature.

6 is a plan view of the stator yoke.

7 and 8 are explanatory diagrams for applying reluctance torque in a coreless single-phase brushless motor.

9 is an explanatory diagram of a state in which magnetic flux is generated by a reluctance torque generating member.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a defect that occurs when the reluctance torque is increased.

11 is an explanatory diagram of a synthetic torque curve.

12 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial pack motor.

13 is a perspective view of a single-phase brushless axial fan motor main body.

14 is a perspective view of a stator coreless armature.

15 is a perspective view of a rotating fan.

16 is a bottom view of the magnet rotor.

17 to 19 are explanatory diagrams of a conventional bearing structure.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: rotor yoke 2: magnet rotor

3: armature coil 4: air gap

5: Stator yoke 6: Iron bar (magnetic material for generating reluctance torque)

7: flux 8: synthetic torque curve

9: electronic torque curve 10: reluctance torque curve

11: energization switching point 12: disc type single phase pneumatic axial fan motor

13: single-phase brushless axial fan motor body

14: outer casing 15: stay

16: cup type motor casing 17: impeller

18: through hole 19: prop

20: printed circuit board 21: stator yoke

22, 23: armature coil

22a, 22b, 23a, 23b: effective conductor part contributing to generated torque

22c, 22d, 23c, 23d: conductor part not contributing to generated torque

24: stator coreless armature 25: screw

26, 27: nodules

26a, 26b, 27a, 27b: nodal ends extending radially

28: magnet rotor 29: position detecting element

30, 31: dotted line 32: rotor yoke

33: rotating fan 34: cup-shaped body

35: boss portion 36: rotation axis

37: bearing housing 38, 39: ball bearing (ball bearing)

40, 40 ': Stop wheel 41: Electronic component on chip

42: disc type single phase brush chess fan motor

43: Stator Coreless Armature

44: stator yoke 45, 46: through hole

47: resistance 48: nodules

49: virtual Y axis 50: virtual X axis

51, 52: 1st nodal end 53, 54: 2nd nodal end

55, 56: nodule 57: terminal

58: nodule 59: slide bearings

60: rotor center 61, 62: spring

63: slide bearing 64: terminal

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a disc-shaped single-phase brushless motor having a self-moving coreless structure, and particularly, when applied to a disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor, The present invention relates to a disc-shaped single-phase brushless motor with improved noise generation so that the noise caused by vibration and resonance sounds generated when mounted on the motor is extremely small.

Fan motors are widely used for cooling all electronic devices such as OA equipment, peripheral computer peripherals, power supplies and other high-density packaging devices.

In particular, the axial fan motor plays a role as a pack motor.

This is because demand is increased by the electronics of equipment and high-density mounting of the circuit relationship. In other words, it can be said that the axial fan motor decides the miniaturization of electronic equipment.

In addition, axial fan motors are widely used because they are very inexpensive, and are widely recognized as useful tools for maintaining and improving the performance of electronic devices.

Considering the tendency of high-density mounting of electronic devices, it is designed to consider the heat generation and the temperature resistance without the need for air cooling, that is, no need for the use of axial fan motors, thereby miniaturizing and lowering the cost of electronic devices. You will have to.

However, the trend toward higher density mounting requires that electronic components be further downsized and higher in precision, so that axial fan motors for cooling cannot be used in order to prevent heat from affecting the characteristics of the electronic components. Is the reality.

Here, the trend of high-density mounting of electronic devices is required to be further downsized, flattened, and lightweight compared to conventional axial fan motors.

The main reason for this is that high-density packaged electronic devices are designed to reduce the size in order to reduce their size, so that the space for the built-in axial fan motor is limited. It is designed to be able to cope with the heat problem without requiring the help of the axial fan motor as mentioned above. This is due to the increase in the number of airflow fans, the increase in the quantity of airflow, and the use of expensive axial fan motors.

In addition, electronic devices were designed in consideration of the need for cooling, but they are also anxious about the generation of heat, and sometimes there is a desire to install an axial fan motor for cooling. The airtight design which saves the cost, and since there is not enough empty space, since the conventional general large size cannot be built, the small size and flat thing is calculated | required.

In addition, there are three types of axial fan motors, AC induction motors, DC motors with brushes, and brushless (DC) motors, which are most commonly used. It has many advantages over motors, so it is widely used in axial fan motors.

In general, brushless motors have been widely used in recent years because of their high reliability in addition to the characteristics of DC motors such as greater torque and better controllability compared to shapes.

In addition, the disc-shaped brushless motor with an axial gap structure having an air gap in the axial direction is widely used for disc-shaped brushless axial fan motors used in OA equipment and the like because it is suitable for thinning.

Here, in the brushless motor, a circuit for switching and energizing the magnetic poles of the magnet rotor and the poles of the magnet rotor to the electromagnetic coil using a position detecting element such as a hool element and the position detecting element (driving circuit, electronic current) This is expensive because it requires a constant of the motor.

Therefore, the use of the axial fan motor used for the purpose of blowing and cooling as an expensive and constant brushless motor as described above is not a good method.

To this end, an inexpensive single-phase brushless motor is used in the axial pen motor, in which one position detecting element is used and the driving circuit is used as one phase.

This single-phase brushless motor has a so-called "dead point" in which torque is zero at the energization switching point.

Thus, in the single-phase brushless motor, in addition to the electromagnetic torque obtained by the armature coil and the magnet rotor (field magnet), the reluctance torque by the reluctance torque generating member at the position where the electromagnetic torque becomes zero. By adding, the torque is generated even at the dead point so that the motor stops and the motor can be moved.

For example, as a method of applying reluctance torque in a coreless motor, there is a method as in FIGS. 7 and 8.

7 and 8, (1) is a rotor yoke, (2) is a six-pole magnet rotor (field magnet) having six alternating poles of the north pole and the south pole, and (3) is a concentric type. (4) is an air gap, (4) is an air gap, (5) is a stator yoke, and (6) is an iron bar constituting a magnetic material for generating reluctance torque.

The method of applying the reluctance torque of FIG. 7 is to incline the air gap 4 by giving inclination to the stator yoke 5. Thus, when the inclination is given to the air gap 4, not only the efficiency falls but also the structure becomes complicated, and there exists a point which becomes expensive.

The method of applying reluctance torque in FIG. 8 is to generate reluctance torque by inserting the iron bar 6 used as the reluctance torque generating member into a part of the uniform air gap 4. Since the magnetic flux 7 is generated as shown in FIG. 9, the magnet rotor 2 stops at the position where the center of the N pole or S pole of the magnet rotor 2 and the iron rod 6 correspond to each other. The armature coil 3 is disposed at a position where rotation torque can occur, and the position detecting element is disposed at a position capable of detecting magnetic poles of the north pole or the south pole of the magnet rotor. It is possible to construct a single-phase brushless motor with a structureless structure.

However, in order to be able to reliably move by the same method as in FIG. 8, when the thickness of the bar 6 is increased and the reluctance lock is increased, the magnetic flux acts as in FIG. 10 near the dead point. Since the magnetically stable state occurs, there is a drawback in that the reluctance torque in the vicinity of the dead point decreases.

And in order to obtain an ideal torque-rotation angle curve, it is necessary to obtain a composite torque curve 8 as in FIG. (9) is an electromagnetic torque curve by the armature coil (3), (10) is a magnetic material for generating reluctance torque. For example, it is a reluctance torque curve by the said iron rod 6.

As is apparent from the electromagnetic torque curve 9 and the reluctance torque curve 10, the reluctance torque is preferably such that it is one half of the electromagnetic torque. In this way, a combined torque curve 8 is obtained in which the rotation torque is almost even over the entire rotation angle.

In order to obtain such an ideal synthesized torque curve 8, the size and position of the magnetic material for generating reluctance torque (iron rod 6, etc.) must be correctly designed.

In the single-phase brushless motor of the principle shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, if the air gap 4 is inclined to generate reluctance torque, or the armature coil is not provided, the armature coil The electromagnetic torque curve 9 as shown in FIG. 11 is obtained by (3), but has a so-called dead center 11 in which the torque is zero at the energization switching point (dead center) 11. As described above, if the position detecting element stops at the position opposite to the dead point 11 wave when the magnet rotor 2 is stopped, it is not suitable for practical use because it is impossible to obtain the rotation torque even if the brushless motor is energized. do.

In consideration of the above, the applicant obtains the ideal synthetic torque curve 8 so that it can be moved automatically, and it is possible to reliably move itself only by improving the stator yoke so that no special reluctance generating means is required. Has been providing a single-phase brushless motor with a coreless structure.

The disc type single phase brushless axial fan motor 12 using the single phase brushless motor of the coreless structure is demonstrated below.

A disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 having a conventional coreless structure will be described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 16 below.

12 is a longitudinal sectional view of a disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 having a conventional coreless structure, and FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a brushless axial fan motor main body 13 of the single-phase brushless axial fan motor. FIG. 14 is a plan view of the stator coreless armature 24, FIG. 15 is a bottom perspective view of the rotating fan, and FIG. 16 is a bottom view of the magnet rotor 28. FIG.

The main body 13 of the brushless axial fan motor has an outer casing 14 having a flat rectangular shape and having a longitudinal section as a main portion as shown in FIG. The single-phase brushless axial fan motor main body 13 is provided with a cup-shaped motor casing 16 constituting a motor excrement unit which is integrally formed by plastic at its inner circumference through a stay 15 extending in the inner radial direction. Doing.

In this way, a through hole 18 is formed in the lower portion between the outer casing 14 and the motor casing 16 to allow airflow generated by the impeller 17 to be described later.

When the support 19 is integrally formed by plastic in the motor casing 16, the upper part of the support 19 includes a printed circuit board 20 and a stator yoke 21 disposed thereon, which is a stator yoke. On the upper surface of 21, two air core-shaped armature coils 22 and 23 are disposed in a 180 degree symmetric in-phase position as shown in FIG. 14 to form a stator coreless armature 24, which is a stator coreless armature. 24 is fixed to the upper part of the said support | pillar 19 by the screw 25 which becomes a nonmagnetic material.

The stator yoke 21 as described above should also function as a reluctance torque generating member for magnetically driving the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 in order to reduce the cost.

As described above, since the single-phase brushless motor is generally a single-phase energized structure, when the magneto-phase rotor and the position detector are in the dead-point position when the single-phase brushless motor is stopped, other energizing means are not provided. Even if there is a drawback that can not rotate automatically.

However, the use of the single-phase brushless motor having such a defect in the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 can be inexpensively configured because only one position detecting element and one driving circuit are sufficient. Because. If a brushless axial fan motor of a two-phase and three-phase structure having good rotational efficiency and performance can be rotated even without a magnetic moving processing means, a drive circuit and a position detecting element are required as the constant of the motor, and thus the price is expensive. Therefore, it is unsuitable for adopting an axial fan motor which must be formed at low cost.

In such a general brushless axial fan motor, a single-phase brushless motor structure must be adopted. This single-phase brushless motor has a drawback in that it cannot be magnetically operated without employing a magnetic motion processing means as described above.

In this single-phase brushless motor, one example of the magnetic dynamic processing means is to install a reluctance torque generating member. However, it is expensive to install the reluctance torque generating member intentionally, so the axial fan motor 12 In the present invention, the structure in which the stator yoke 21 is studied to have the function of the reluctance torque generating member is adopted.

This method is possible by forming the nodules 26 and 27 of the shape which the single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 can magnetically move in the stator yoke 21 as shown in FIG. However, by simply forming the nodules, the axial fan motor 12 cannot be self-driving in an optimal manner. The shape and formation position of the theoretically preferable nodule 26, 27 are demonstrated below.

The stator yoke 21 disposed on the motor casing 16 is provided with a pair of nodules 26 and 27 symmetrically disposed at 180 degrees. These nodule parts 26 and 27 form the nodule opening width of the nodule parts 26 and 27 by a machine angle of 90 degrees. This is because the magnet rotor 28 (refer to FIG. 16) to be described later has four poles, and the magnetic poles of the N pole and the S pole in which the magnets are alternately mounted have an opening width of 90 degrees.

When such nodules 26 and 27 are formed, both nodal ends 26A, 26B, 27A and 27B extending radially from the center point of the stator yoke 21 as a reference point are self-neutralized with the magnet rotor 28. At this point, the magnet rotor 28 stops when the axial fan motor 12 is energized. When the armature coils 22 and 23 are energized in this stationary state, the brushless axial fan motor 12 can be self-moving. Therefore, when a predetermined direction is energized by the armature coils 22 and 23 of the air core type in accordance with a signal from the position detecting element, the magnet rotor (see Fig. 16) must be rotated by rotation torque generated according to the law of the left hand of flaming. 28 may be rotated in the direction of the arrow A (see FIG. 14). In addition, the two armature coils 22 and 23 are disposed on the stator yoke 21 as shown in FIG. 14, and the only position detecting element 29 (FIG. 12) Similarly, it should be stored in such a position.

In addition, referring to FIG. 14, rotational torque is generated in the armature coils 22 and 23 as the effective conductor portions 22a, 22b, 23a, and 23b in the radial direction, and the conductor portions 22c, 22d, 23c, in the circumferential direction. 23d) is a part which does not contribute to the generation of the rotational torque.

Thus, the stator yoke of the nodules 26 and 27 may be preferably magnetically driven by the nodules 26 and 27 and the armature coils 22 and 23. The nodal ends 26A, 26B, 27A, 27B extending radially from the center point of (21) as the reference point are the centerline positions of the effective conductor portions 22a, 22b, 23a, 23b of the armature coils 22, 23, or These positions and in-phase positions (however, according to this embodiment, the four-pole magnet rotor 28 is used, this in-phase position becomes the same as the effective conductor portions 22a, 22b, 23a or 23b), ie These positions are the positions from which the maximum starting torque is obtained, or this position and the in-phase position (these positions are the same as those described above), and the rotational direction of the magnet rotor 28 (arrow (A) direction) at such a position. The width of the N pole or S pole of the magnet rotor 28, i.e. the magnet furnace When the width of the single stimulus of the woofer 28 is θ, the width of n · θ (n is an integer greater than or equal to one not exceeding the number of magnetic poles of the magnet rotor 28), or about n · θ width Rotation of the magnet rotor 28 by two nodal ends 26A, 26B, 27A, and 27B of the nodal parts 26 and 27 formed at an angle of n · θ / 4 or about n · θ / 4 wide. It is necessary to arrange the stator yoke 21 so as to be positioned at a position advanced in the direction opposite to the direction.

In the example shown in Fig. 14, the effective conductor portions 22a, 22b, 23a, and 23b of the armature coils 22 and 23 at which the maximum starting torque is obtained are divided by a quarter magnetic pole, that is, an angle of 22.5 degrees in the machine angle. The stator yoke 21 is disposed so that the nodal ends 26A, 27A, 26B, and 27B of the nodal parts 26 and 27 are positioned at the position that proceeds in the opposite direction to the rotational direction (arrow A direction). . By doing so, the multiphase brushless axial fan motor 12 can be preferably magnetically operated without employing a magnetic copper processing means which is particularly expensive.

On the lower surface of the stator yoke 21, a chip-shaped electronic component (hereinafter referred to as a chip electronic component) constituting a driving circuit is disposed on the lower surface of the printed circuit board 20, and two upper surfaces are provided. The core core armature coils 22 and 23 and the position detecting elements 29, such as the only Hool element shown in FIG. 12, are disposed, and the placement position is the effective conductor portion 22a of the armature coils 22 and 23. , 22a, 23b, 23b), or at the position and the position of the frostbite to form a stator coreless armature 24 to rotate relative to the magnet rotor 28 later through the axial ultimate It is facing.

Since the position detecting element 29 uses four poles in the axial fan motor 12 of this embodiment as shown in FIG. 16, the position detecting element 29 has the effectiveness of the armature coils 22 and 23. It is necessary to arrange | position it in the position which opposes body part 22a, 22b, 23a, 23b. However, disposing the upper portion of the effective conductor portions 22a, 22b, 23a, and 23b opposite to the magnet rotor 28 extends the length of the gap (field air gap) by the thickness of the position detecting element 29. Since the magnetic flux of the field is weakened, a large torque is not obtained, and because it is a disk type single phase brushless motor having poor efficiency, it does not face the stator yoke 21 in this embodiment. That is, the only position detecting element 29 is disposed on the upper surface of the printed circuit board 20 on the lower surface of the dotted line surrounding portion 30 or 31 of the conductor portion 22b or 23b facing the nodule portion 26 or 27. have.

As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the magnet rotor 28 is a 2P (P is an integer of 1 or more) pole in which the poles of the N pole and the S pole are alternately formed with an opening width of 90 degrees with the same width. It is formed as an annular flat of the pole, and is integrally molded by plastic to the cup-shaped main body portion 34 of the rotating fan 33 as shown in FIG. 15 through the rotor yoke 32 at the upper portion thereof. . The impeller 17 which can blow airflow for cooling is integrally formed in the side surface of the cup-shaped main-body part 34 in the through-hole 18 below.

The boss part 35 is formed in the center part of the lower surface of the cup-shaped main-body part 34, and the upper end part of the rotating shaft 36 is fixed to this part, and it is made to rotate integrally with the rotating fan 33. As shown in FIG.

The rotating shaft 36 is rotatably supported by bead bearings (ball bearings) 38 and 39 mounted on the upper and lower openings of the bearing house 37 formed integrally with the central portion of the motor casing 16. .

Moreover, the sperm ring 40 is engaged with the rotating shaft 36 at the lower part of the bead bearing 39 a little.

The disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 is certainly useful and has been embodied by the applicant and the person concerned.

However, there was a problem here. It is considered that the axial brushless fan motor 12 as described above is one of the important components in the high-density packaged electronic device, and thus is widely used, and according to the type of the high-density packaged electronic device, it is more compact and flat. In addition, extremely stringent conditions are required, which are inexpensive and have significantly low noises such as vibration and resonance.

In general, in the high-density packaged electronic device, since a large number of members and devices made of various materials are embedded in a limited area and volume, such a disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 is incorporated in such a high-density packaged electronic device. When this is driven and driven, some kinds of high-density mounted electronic devices generate noises caused by very loud vibration and resonance sounds.

The conventional disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 described with reference to FIGS. 12 to 16 has a single-phase energizing structure and can be relatively smoothly rotated while not generating a large rotary sound or vibration sound. The reluctance torque was obtained to study the desirable characteristics.

Such a disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 does not generate a large vibration that can be detected by hand, but only a small vibration, and also generates only a very small rotational noise, even when listened to the ear, the usual high-density mounting Although it is rarely a problem even if used in an electronic device, the noise such as vibration sound or resonance sound can be neglected.However, when mounted on the body of a high-density packaged electronic device as described above, There is a drawback that the loud noise is generated because it is transmitted with an amplification effect and generates a large vibration sound and a resonance sound.

Here, in the disk-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12, to reduce the noise caused by a large vibration sound or resonance sound, the present applicant has previously disclosed in US Patent No. 4,620,139, but the Japanese Utility Publication No. 62 The method disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Publication No. -104, 565, that is, it is possible to form a skew shape on one side of the stator yoke extending radially. In the conventional method, the N pole and the S pole of the magnet rotor 28 are formed. Due to the very small relative opposing area between the boundary and the nodular edge, it is impossible to reliably move and rotate continuously due to the size of the load or the fluctuation of the load, especially when the method described in the former US patent is adopted. Occasionally there was an insufficient defect in terms of reliability. The latter method disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Publication is a basic application of the present invention, which shares the same purpose as the present invention, and forms a tube-shaped nodular portion extending in one radial direction of the nodular portion formed on the stator yoke. Since the other nodules extend radially from the center point, a relatively large reluctance torque is obtained, and because there is a nodular cutout formed in the skew shape, the generated reluctance torque is shown in Fig. 14. It is useful to turn smoothly because it occurs slowly compared to 21), and the noise is also very small.

However, many high-density mounted electronic devices use a member that is easy to resonate, and even when mounted on such a member that is easy to resonate, even when the conventional stator yoke shown in the above publication is used, a vibration sound and a resonance sound are used. It has been required to reduce the noise generated by

Thus, the present inventors have formed both skewed ends extending radially in the nodular portion formed in the stator yoke, but according to this method, the occurrence of noise due to large vibration sound and resonance sound is certainly less. However, this time, the reluctance torque was so small that some external factors caused some heavy loads, or one side of the maneuvering characteristics, which resulted in the inability to perform self-driving and rotational speed.

Therefore, in order to further study the method of the Japanese Laid-Open Publication and to design the optimum one, a large number of experiments were made in which only one nodular end portion extending in the radial direction of the nodule portion of the stator yoke was formed in a skew shape at an appropriate angle. No satisfactory results were obtained in terms of the generated noise and reluctance torque due to resonance and vibration sounds.

That is, although the shape of a nodule part is delicate, it turned out that a big characteristic can be given according to the shape.

According to the present invention, a sufficient magnitude of reluctance torque can be obtained to ensure reliable self-driving and rotational speed. Furthermore, even when used on a material such as a body which is easy to resonate in a high density mounting electronic device, it is a conventionally unobtrusive vibration sound. And to make it possible to suppress the noise caused by the resonant sound by the ear (and omit the pure wind blowing by the impeller). The method disclosed in JP-A No. 62-104 and 565 is an improvement, which generates a relatively large reluctance torque by forming a nodule of the most desirable shape, enabling reliable magnetic motion and rotational speed, and By resonance, the noise produced is extremely small, and the conduction current is small It was made into a subject to set it as the structure which saves the energy which is good.

The object of the present invention as described above is divided into four quarters in the virtual crosshairs orthogonal to the virtual Y axis and the virtual X axis in the plane to the steak yoke, the single magnetic pole of the magnet rotor in the virtual Y axis or almost virtual Y axis to the stator yoke. When the width is θ, the first nodule formed radially extending from the center point of the stator yoke as a reference point at a position that is forward by θ / 2 width or almost θ / 2 width in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the magnet rotor. An end; Extending from the inner end position of the first nodal end portion to the position of the outer diameter portion of the stator yoke in parallel with or substantially parallel to the virtual X-axis, and in the stator yoke with the outer peripheral portion of the first nodal end portion. A stator yoke having at least one nodule formed by opening the width of the nodule outer periphery between the outer periphery formed therebetween at θ + α (where α is an angle of θ / 2 or less); The stator yoke having the opening width of the θ 12α degrees is the position where the first nodal end extending radially can obtain the maximum starting torque, or the rotation direction of the magnet rotor at this position and the in-phase position. It can be achieved by being disposed so as to be located at a position out of the opposite direction by an angle of 6 to θ / 3 width.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a disc type single phase brushless fan motor 42 to which a disc type single phase brushless motor of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a disc type single phase brushless axial fan equipped with a stator coreless armature 43. Top perspective view of the motor main body 13, FIG. 3 is a top perspective view of the stator coreless armature 43 mounted on the axial fan motor main body 13, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the same, and FIG. 5 is a stator coreless armature Top perspective view of the stator yoke 44 used for (43), FIG. 6 is a top view of the stator yoke. Since the descriptions of the parts common to FIGS. 12 to 16 are overlapped, they will be omitted.

In FIG. 1, only one support 19 formed in the motor casing 16 is not shown in FIG. 2. However, in the case of the disc-shaped single-phase brushless fan motor 42, the width X length is 42 mm. And having a small size having a thickness of about 10-20 mm, a single support (19) is sufficient). A second to fourth upper portion of the support (19) is formed. The stator coreless armature 43 shown in the figure is fixed by a screw 25 made of a nonmagnetic material. The through-hole 45 formed in the stator yoke 44 stops the screw 25 by fixing the stator coreless armature 43 as a screw on the support 19 by the screw 25. It is to let pass.

In the stator coreless armature 43, a printed board 20 having a shape as shown in FIGS. 2 to 3 is disposed on the strut 19, and the second to sixth positions on the printed board 20. FIG. The stator yoke 44 as shown in FIG. (Except FIG. 5) is fixed closely, and the stator yoke 44 is attached to the stator yoke 44 by means of adhesion or the like, as shown in FIG. As shown in Fig. 4, two coreless coreless armature coils 22 and 23 are disposed in the in-phase position symmetrical to 180 degrees.

In the center of the stator yoke 44, a through hole 46 through which the bearing house 37 and the rotating shaft 36 penetrate is formed, and one terminal 58 of the resistor 47 has a printed board 20 on the lower surface thereof. ), A small nodule 48 is formed to pass through the lower surface.

The stator yoke 44 has a nodular shape for generating a reluctance torque in which the rotating fan 33 having the magnet rotor 28 shown in FIG. 16 can rotate in a predetermined direction as described above. Need to be formed.

The nodules 55 and 56 of the present invention have different features from those of the prior art, and will be mainly described with reference to Fig. 6 (see Figs. 2 to 5).

The dotted line with reference to FIG. 6 shows the outside of the printed board 20. On this printed board 20, the stator yoke 44, which is a main part of the present invention, is fixed by means of adhesion or the like. It is. 6, the virtual X axis 50 intersects the virtual Y axis 49 as a dashed line in the plane and at a position perpendicular to the virtual Y axis 49 and the center point of the stator yoke 44. In FIG. Then, the stator yoke 44 is temporarily divided into quadrants in the plane by the virtual X axis line 50 and the virtual Y axis line 49. In this state, the direction opposite to the rotational direction (arrow A direction) of the four-pole magnet rotor 28 shown in FIG. 16 of the rotating fan 33 with respect to the virtual Y axis 49 as a reference ( In the half arrow (A) direction, when the width of the single magnetic pole of the magnet rotor 28 is θ, the angular width of θ / 2, that is, the magnet rotor 28 has four poles, and the width of the single magnetic pole is Since it is 90 degrees at the machine angle, the first nodal ends 51 and 52 are formed to extend radially with respect to the center point of the stator yoke 44 at a position where only the 45 degree angle is advanced. The second nodules 53, 54 extending from the inner circumferential end positions of the 51 and 52 to the outer circumferential position of the stator yoke 44 in the direction of the arrow A in parallel with the virtual X axis 50. Forming. In this manner, the open widths of the nodule outer periphery of the first nodular ends 51 and 52 and the nodule outer periphery of the second nodular ends 53 and 54 are set to the stator yoke 44 by? 1 pair of nodular parts 55 and 56 of 180 degree symmetry formed by the angle of less than / 2) are formed. Incidentally, in the embodiment of the present invention, since α is 16 degrees, the open angles of the nodule peripheral portions of the nodule portions 55 and 56 formed in the stator yoke 44 are formed to be 106 degrees.

The upper surface of the stator yoke 44 is subjected to an insulation treatment. On the stator yoke 44, two concentric armature coils 22, 180 degrees symmetrically, as shown in FIGS. 23) is excreted. In order to obtain the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42 having the most desirable performance in disposing the two armature coils 22 and 23 on the stator yoke 44, the following is performed. The first tuber ends 51, 52 extending in the radial direction of the tubers 55, 56 formed in the stator yoke 44 are moved in the rotational direction of the magnet rotor 28 (arrow A direction). θ / 4 (or nearly θ / 4) magnetic pole width, i.e., at an angle of 22.5 degrees, the radial direction of the armature coils 22, 23 is the effective conductor (centerline of) 22b, 23b as shown in FIG. The armature coils 22 and 23 are fixed to the upper surface of the stator yoke by means of suitable means such as a fixing date or an adhesive so as to be positioned.

The terminals 57 of the armature coils 22 and 23 disposed behind the stator yoke 44 are formed on the lower surface of the printed board 20 through the nodules 58 formed on the outer circumference of the printed board 20, respectively. The printed conductive pattern (not shown) is soldered and electrically connected. The resistor 47 is also electrically connected to the terminal 64 by soldering the printed conductive pattern of the printed circuit board 20.

In the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42 of the present invention, the rotary shaft 36 is provided with a ball bearing 38 and slide bearings provided above and below the bearing house 37 formed in the motor casing 5. It is supported by (59) so that rotation is possible.

In this way, even if the bearing 38 is a ball bearing and the bearing 59 is a slide bearing, that is, in order to construct a disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42 at low cost, The reason why the reliability does not deteriorate even if the number of used points is reduced from two to one is explained.

In particular, the force applied to the bearing of the axial fan motor 42 employing a so-called direct drive method such as a disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42 is based on the research and experiment data. Is the radial load due to the deviation from the rotation axis 36.

Nevertheless, in the past, this kind of thing was ignored and simply replaced one of two bead bearings with the slide bearings, so that the service life and reliability were not obtained.

In the present invention, the point of action of the force applied to the bearing of the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42 is the center of the rotary fan 33, and thus the center of the rotary fan 33 (the rotor center) 60 By installing the ball bearing 38 in the rotary shaft 36, the placenta of the radial load can be received here. However, this alone makes it difficult to completely restrain the neck shaking of the stroke shaft 36 of the pedestal 38, and thus, in the present invention, the slide bearing 59 is inserted into the bottom opening of the pedestal house 37 which is separated from the pedestal 38 again. Is provided so that only the load generated by the neck shaking motion of the rotating shaft 36 is received here.

A radial load is applied to the slide bearing 59 when the rotation direction of the rotating fan 33 changes. In the axial fan motor 42, such a thing does not occur, and wear hardly occurs and causes a decrease in reliability. Few.

Thus, the ball bearing 38 is mounted on the upper opening end of the bearing house 37 so as to be positioned in the center 60 of the rotating fan 33 so as to receive most of the load generated by the eccentricity or the like. It is supported rotatably. Reference numeral 60 denotes the rotor center.

Further, a lower portion of the slide bearing 59 engages the stop wheel 40 for preventing escape of the rotating fan 33 which is cheap and easy to assemble to the rotating shaft 36.

Then, a radial load is generated between the magnet rotor 28 and the stator yoke 44 due to the magnetic attraction force. This is especially large for the disc-shaped single phase brushless axial fan motor 42 of this embodiment.

In the bearing structure of the axial fan motor 42 of the present invention, this radial load acts effectively as an opening pressure on the ball bearing 38, so that a spring or the like for performing the pressing pressure is not required. It is not necessary to pressurize the ball bearing 38 by this.

In addition, in order to reliably prevent the rotation fan 33 from falling out, a stop wheel 40J is provided. Unlike the conventional bearing structure, since the force does not act on the stop wheel 40J, it is made of plastic. Simple and inexpensive ones such as rings can be used, and they are also advantageous in terms of cost and assembly.

In the present invention, the reason why the bearing structure is adopted is that the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42 has to be formed at low cost and long life is required, for example, satisfies reliability over 10,000 hours. This is because the conventional bearing structure as shown in FIG. 17 using two bead bearings (ball bearings) 38 and 39 is employed to account for the costly disadvantage.

The bearing structure of FIG. 17 is demonstrated, and the rotating fan 33 is attached to the upper part of the rotating shaft 36. As shown in FIG.

The rotating shaft 36 is rotatably supported by the ball bearings 38 and 39, such as a bowl bearing.

The ball bearings 38 and 39 are attached to the upper and lower opening ends of the cylindrical bearing house 37 provided in the cup-shaped motor casing 16. The pressurization pressure is applied to the bead bearing 38 through the spring 61 between the rotating fan 33 and the bead bearing 38, 39. Moreover, in order to prevent the rotating shaft 36 from going down by the pressurization of the spring 61, the stop wheel 40 is engaged with the said rotating shaft 36 in the lower end part of the ball bearing 39. As shown in FIG.

Moreover, in the bearing structure as another example, the thing of FIG. 18 by which the spring 62 for applying pressurization is interposed between the bearings 38 and 39 is known.

However, neither of the bearing structures of FIGS. 17 and 18 requires expensive pedestals 38, 39 but also springs 61, 62 for pressurizing the bearings 38 or / and 39. And costly parts such as expensive stop wheels (40), and a lot of work for assembling them has made disk type single phase brushless fan motors expensive.

In addition, inexpensive bearings are known to contain sintered metal (oilless metal) bearings. Such slide bearings provide a lightweight and thinner coreless disk type single-phase brushless fan motors, Since radial loads are applied to bearings, wear occurs, resulting in short service life and low reliability. In order to reduce the bearing structure, one of two bead bearings was replaced with a sintered metal bearing containing slide bearings, which resulted in greater friction than the case of using two bead bearings due to the combination of rotors. It did not lead to a short life and low reliability.

Referring to FIG. 19, the same thing as that of FIG. 19 replaces the upper part of FIG. 17 and the ball bearing 38 as the slide bearing 63 as a cheap containing sinter bearing.

According to the bearing structure in FIG. 19, the cost is reduced because the expensive bearing bracket 38 is certainly reduced by one.

However, since this bearing structure has a center of the rotary fan 33 caught by the slide bearing 63 as is apparent in this figure, it is possible to temporarily prevent neck shaking of the rotary shaft 36 by eccentricity of the rotary fan 33 or the like. Even if it is only a short time, the slide bearing 63 wears, and as a result, even if only the ball bearing 39 installed in the lower end of the effective operation, because the bead bearing 39 is one, the original beads It does not play the role of the bearing 39, not only does not function as a good bearing bearing, but also the bearing 39 of the position can not suppress the shaking of the neck of the rotating shaft 36, and also the bearing of the bearing 39 Due to the shortened lifespan, performance could not be maintained for a long time, and high performance and long life could not be expected. In addition, when used in the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor of the bearing structure, the bead bearing 39 deteriorates, and the bead bearing 39 causes a large noise during rotation, thereby causing noise.

In this way, simply replacing one of the two bead bearings with a slide bearing such as a containing sintered metal bearing in order to reduce the price cannot maintain the life and reliability as when two bead bearings are installed.

Thus, in the present invention, the slide bearing 59 is provided at the above condition position to solve the above conventional drawback.

The stator coreless armature 43 is fixed to the front of the support 19, and the rotary motor fan 33 mounted on the cup-shaped motor casing 16 of the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor main body 13 is mounted. When rotated relatively to the magnet motor 28, the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 and the stator of the present invention using the stator coreless armature 24 formed using the conventional stator yoke 21 The disc-type single-phase brushless axial fan adapter 42 using the yoke 44 was compared, and the following results were obtained.

Here, the measurement conditions were the same, but since the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motors 12 and 42 are somewhat uneven depending on the degree of formation of the armature coils 22 and 23, the rotational speed is 7,000 ± 700 rpm, The energizing current was 120-140 mA.

The measurement results of the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 (No. 1-5) using the conventional stair yoke 21 are as shown in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1

Table 1: Measurement result of single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12

The measurement results of the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42 (No. 6-9) using the stator yoke 44 of the present invention are as shown in Table 2 below.

TABLE 2

Table 2: Measurement results of single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42

^* 1: When using the conventional stator yoke (21) ^*

2: When using the stator yoke 44 of the present invention ^*

3: sound level when fixed to yi resonance occurs in the disc-shaped single-phase brush-less fixing member difficult Motor fan (12,42) ^*

4: Noise level when fixing disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motors (12,42) to an angled, resonant plastic plate

As is apparent from the comparison between Tables 1 and 2, the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 using the conventional stator yoke 21 and the stator yoke 44 of the present invention are Comparing the case of the used disk type single phase brushless axial fan motor 42, the following turns out.

(About rotation speed)

종래의 스테이터 요우크(21)를 사용한 디스크형 단상 브러시레스 축류팬 모우터(12)의 경우 :

In the case of the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 using the conventional stator yoke 21:

.... No. As an average of five samples of 1-5

RPM: 7,260rpm

σ value: 317.6rpm

2Δσ: 762rpm

본 발명의 스테이터 요우크(44)를 사용한 디스크형 단상 브러시레스 축류팬 모우터(42)의 경우

Disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42 using the stator yoke 44 of the present invention

.... No. As an average of four samples of 6-9

RPM: 7,085rpm

σ value: 113rprn

2Δσ: 271.2rpm

That is, comparing the rotational speed, the disk-shaped single-phase brushless axial flow using the stator yoke 44 of the present invention compared with the disk-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 using the conventional stator yoke 21 Since the rotation speed of the fan motor 42 is lowered, it is found that the noise due to the vibration sound or the resonance sound is reduced in this sense.

(About current)

종래의 스테이터 요우크(21)를 사용한 디스크형 단상 브러시레스 축류팬 모우터(12)의 경우

In the case of the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 using the conventional stator yoke 21

.... No. As an average of five samples of 1-5

Current value: 134㎃

σ value: 7.37㎃

2Δσ: 17.69㎃

본 발명의 스테이터 요우크(44)를 사용한 디스크형 단상 브러시레스 축류팬 모우터(42)의 경우

Disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42 using the stator yoke 44 of the present invention

.... No. As an average of four samples of 6-9

Current value: 137.75㎃

σ value: 2.59㎃

2Δσ: 6.22㎃

That is, about the current, the disc type single phase brushless axial fan motor using the stator yoke 44 of the present invention is compared with the disc type single phase brushless axial fan motor using the conventional stator yoke 21. Page 42 shows that the current is very at least satisfactory from the standard deviation. (About the noise level at ^* 3)

종래의 스테이터 요우크(21)를 사용한 디스크형 단상 브러시레스 축류팬 모우터(12)의 경우

In the case of the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 using the conventional stator yoke 21

.... No. As an average of five samples of 1-5

Noise level: 47.2㏈

σ value: 1.47㏈

2Δσ: 3.53㏈

본 발명의 스테이터 요우크(44)를 사용한 디스크형 단상 브러시레스 축류팬 모우터(42)의 경우

Disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42 using the stator yoke 44 of the present invention

.... No. As an average of four samples of 6-9

Noise level: 47.5㏈

σ value: 0.87㏈

2Δσ: 2.09㏈

That is, when the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 using the conventional stator yoke 21 is fixed to a hard-to-resonant fixing member, the original noise level is the disc using the stator yoke 44 of the present invention. Although it is smaller than the type single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42, the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42 using the stator yoke 44 of the present invention The noise level is found to be very low.

As a result, in the case of the disc-shaped single-phase brushless fan motor 42 of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a noise level that is small enough to be determined even if it is known as the human ear.

(At noise level at * 4)

종래의 스테이터 요우크(21)를 사용한 디스크형 단상 브러시레스 축류팬 모우터(12)의 경우

In the case of the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 using the conventional stator yoke 21

.... No. As an average of five samples of 1-5

Noise level: 63.6㏈

σ value: 1.2㏈

2Δσ: 2.88㏈

본 발명의 스테이터 요우크(44)를 사용한 디스크형 단상 브러시레스 축류팬 모우터(42)의 경우

Disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42 using the stator yoke 44 of the present invention

.... No. As an average of four samples of 6-9

Noise level: 61.25㏈

σ value :. 1.3㏈

2Δσ: 3.12㏈

That is, when the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 using the conventional stator yoke 21 is fixed to a member that is easy to resonate, the original noise level is very large, but the stator yoke 44 of the present invention is used. When the disc type single phase brushless axial fan motor 42 is used, the noise level is found to be extremely low.

And how to find the standard deviation

[Equation 1]

The calculation order is performed as the following (1) to (5).

(1) Find the average of the whole.

(2) Find each deviation.

(3) Create the square of each deviation.

(4) Divide the sum of the values in (3) by the number of conductions and find the average of the square of the deviations.

(5) Find the square root of (4).

Thus, the standard deviation obtained as the order of (1)-(5) is called the standard deviation value.

In addition, when it turns out as what turned out in the said table (1) and (2) as a conclusion, it is as showing in the following table (3).

TABLE 3

As described above, in the case of the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 42 using the stator yoke 44 of the present invention, the disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor 12 using the conventional stator yoke 21 is described. It is close to the average value as a whole, and the degree to which a certain quality can be surely provided is very high, and the noise level can be obtained by using the stator yoke 44 of the present invention, as shown by the average value with respect to * 4 noise. It is apparent that the size is as small as 2.5 kHz, and the resonance sound and vibration sound that cause noise when mounted on the body of the material which is easy to resonate are extremely small, and it has also been found that there is no unpleasant noise that has been a problem conventionally. .

Incidentally, in the above example, the stator yoke 44 is disposed above, but it goes without saying that the positions of the stator yoke 44 and the printed circuit board 20 may be reversed.

The present invention, by studying the shape and the excretion position of the nodule formed on the stator yoke, can be used to fix the vibration body and the resonance sound easily, so that the noise generated by the vibration sound and the resonance sound can be made very small, and the conduction current can be reduced. As a result, it is possible to obtain a compact, flat, and lightweight disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor useful for high-density packaged electronic devices.

In addition, instead of using two bead bearings to make it cheaper, one bearing can be used as a slide bearing such as a cheaper sintered bearing bearing and the same lifetime and reliability as when two bead bearings are used. In addition, the disk-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor of the bearing structure can be constructed at low cost, and the quality thereof can be kept constant. In addition, the number of expensive ball bearings is reduced from one to two without compromising reliability, and the magnetic rotor acts as a stator yoke of the magnet rotor to generate pressurization, thereby reducing the number of parts required for pressurization. In addition, it is possible to reduce the number of assembling work and to make it possible to manufacture a highly reliable disk type brushless axial fan motor at low cost.

As mentioned above, this invention is especially useful when using for a disc type single phase brushless axial fan motor, It is not limited to the said axial fan motor, It is useful also as an actuator used for other apparatuses.

Claims (7)

The magnet rotor 28 which has 2P (P is an integer of 1 or more) magnetic poles of the N pole and S pole supported rotatably, and the single phase which installed in the fixed shaft position which opposes this magnet rotor with the axial air gap. A stator yoke 44 having a nodular portion capable of self-moving by a brushless motor, a printed circuit board 20 fixed to either the upper or lower surface of the stator yoke, the magnet rotor and the axial direction Detects the position of the stator coreless armature 43 and the magnet rotor formed by disposing at least one coreless armature coil 22, 23 at the in-phase position of the opposite stator yoke or the printed board through the gap of Disc-type having one position detecting element 29 provided in the stator coreless armature and a drive circuit disposed on the printed circuit board 20 of the stator coreless armature. In a single-phase brushless motor, the stator yoke is placed in a plane and divided into quadrants as virtual crosshairs orthogonal to a virtual Y axis and a virtual X axis, and the stator yoke is magnetized at the virtual X axis or almost a virtual Y axis. When the magnetic pole width of the rotor is θ, it is formed by extending radially from the center point of the stator yoke as a reference point at a position that is θ / 2 wide or nearly θ / 2 wide in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of the magnet rotor. First nodal ends (51, 52); It is formed extending from the inner circumferential end position of the first nodal end portion to the outer diameter position of the stator yoke in parallel with or substantially parallel to the virtual X-axis, and between the stator yoke and the outer peripheral portion of the first nodal end portion. And a stator yoke 44 having one or more nodule portions 55 and 56 having an opening width of the nodule outer periphery portion formed in the θ-α (where α is an angle of θ / 2 or less). The stator yoke having the opening width of the opening angle of θ + α degrees is the position at which the first nodal cutting edge extending in the radial direction obtains the maximum starting torque, or the rotation direction of the magnet rotor at this position and the in-phase position. Disc-shaped single-phase brushless motor, characterized in that it is disposed so as to be located in a position forward in the opposite direction by an angle of 6 to θ3 width. The disc-shaped single-phase brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the disc-shaped single-phase brushless motor includes a rotary fan 33 rotatably supported by the magnet rotor, and a disc-shaped single-phase brushless axial fan motor body connected to the motor body via a stay. A stator yoke 44 formed with a motor excretion unit 16 provided therein, and a nodular portion formed in such a manner that the axial fan motor installed at the motor excretion position facing the magnet rotor and the air gap may be self-moving; And a disc type single phase brushless axial fan motor having a drive circuit disposed on the printed circuit board 20 fixed to the stator yoke. 3. The stator yoke (44) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the stator yoke (44) rotates the magnet rotor at a position at which maximum starting torque is obtained or at a phase in phase with the first nodal ends (51, 52) extending radially. Disc-shaped single-phase brushless motor, characterized in that it is disposed so as to be located close to the angle of θ / 4 or approximately θ / 4 relative to the direction. 2. The disc-shaped single-phase brushless motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator yoke (44) forms a plurality of nodules (55, 56) at equal intervals at in-phase positions. 5. The disc-shaped single-phase brushless motor according to claim 4, wherein the stator yoke (44) forms a pair of nodular portions (55, 56) at in-phase positions of symmetry of 180 degrees. The rotating shaft 36 of the rotor provided with the magnet rotor 28 is held at the center of the rotor as a ball bearing 38, and at the other end of the rotating shaft as a slide bearing 59. Disc-shaped single-phase brushless motor characterized by holding. The disc-shaped single-phase brushless motor according to claim 6, wherein the disc-shaped single-phase brushless motor is pressurized to the oral bearing 38 by the magnetic attraction force between the magnet rotor 28 and the stator yoke 44 so that the pressurization by the spring is not applied Disc-shaped single-phase brushless motor characterized in that.

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