KR900007273Y1 - Fan motor - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Fan motor

1 and 2 are explanatory diagrams of the principle of a single-phase brushless motor that generates a conventional magnetoresistive torque.

3 is an explanatory diagram of a stop position in the case of FIG.

4 is an explanatory diagram of magnetoresistance torque near the dead point of FIG.

5 is an explanatory diagram of an ideal synthetic lock curve in a single phase brushless motor.

6 is a plan view of another conventional single-phase disk-type brushless fan motor.

7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view.

8 is a bottom view of the magnet rotor of the brushless fan motor.

9 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view of the stator armature of the brushless motor.

10 is a plan view of the stator armature.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram in the case of integrating a rotating shaft with another conventional rotating fan. FIG.

12 is a perspective view of a rotating fan of the fan motor in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention and a rotor yoke for mounting thereto.

13 is a perspective view of a rotating fan to which the rotor yoke is mounted.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view when a magnet rotor is attached to the rotating fan of FIG.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view when the inner ring of the ball shaft is mounted on the rotating fan of FIG. 14. FIG.

16 is a perspective view of a single-phase disk-type brushless fan motor excluding the rotating fan.

17 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the brushless fan motor.

18 is a plan view of the stator armature of the brushless fan motor.

19 is a plan view of a stator armature in another embodiment.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

2: magnet rotor 11: single-phase disc-type brushless fan motor

12A: Motor Case 15 ': Fin

17 ': rotating fan 18': rotating fan

19 ': rotor yoke 20: axis of rotation

21'-1, 21'-2: Number of balls 21'a: Inner ring

21'b: outer ring 21'c: steel ball

22: printed circuit board 23 ': stator yoke

24: Position detecting element 32 ', 32 ": Stator armature

33, 33-1, 33-3: cutout 33a: end

34, 34 ': Cutout 35, 35': Terminal

36, 37: electric parts 43-1, 43-2: electric magnetic coil

The present invention relates to a fan motor that can be mass-produced at a low price and therefore low in cost.

The present invention also relates to a brushless fan motor using a magnetically movable single-phase disc type brushless motor.

Brushless motors are widely used in recent years because of their high reliability in addition to the characteristics of DC motors such as greater torque and better controllability than shapes.

In addition, the disc-shaped brushless motor (also called flat motor) having an axial gap structure with an air gap in the axial direction is suitable for thinning, and is widely used in OA equipment and the like.

Here, in the brushless motor, a circuit (driving circuit ... conduction control circuit) for switching and energizing the magnetic poles of the magnet rotor to the armature coil using a position detecting element such as a hall element requires only a constant portion of the motor, which is expensive. There is a drawback to

Therefore, it is not preferable to use such an expensive brushless motor for a fan motor used for the purpose of blowing and cooling.

In order to solve this drawback, a single position detecting element is sufficient, and a single-phase (one-phase energized) brushless motor, which can be configured inexpensively, with only one phase of an energization switching circuit, is used for a fan motor.

This single-phase brushless motor has a so-called "dead spot" in which torque is zero at the energization switching point.

Therefore, in single-phase brushless motors, in addition to the torque generated by the armature coil and the magnet rotor (field magnet), the torque (magnetic resistance torque, reluctance torque) caused by a magnetic body for generating magnetoresistance (mainly using iron pieces) is also referred to. ), The dead spots are eliminated and they can be self-driving.

For example, as a method of applying magnetoresistive torque in a coreless motor, there is a method shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

1 and 2, 1 is a rotor yoke, 2 is a six-pole magnet rotor (field magnet) having six alternating magnetic poles of N and S, 3 is an air core, 4 is an air gap, 5 is a stator yoke and 6 is a bar.

The method of applying the magnetoresistance of FIG. 1 is to form an inclination in the air gap 4.

Thus, when the inclination is formed in the air gap 4, not only the efficiency falls but also the structure becomes complicated, and there exists a fault which becomes expensive.

In the method of applying the magnetoresistance shown in FIG. 2, an iron bar is inserted into a part of the uniform air gap 4 so as to generate the magnetoresistance.

In this method, since the magnet rotor 2 stops at the position where the center of the N or S pole of the magnet rotor 2 and the iron rod 6 correspond to each other, the torque of the armature coil 3 is generated at this stop position. When placed in a position where it can be made, it is possible to construct a single-phase brushless motor with a coreless structure that can be moved automatically.

However, in the method shown in FIG. 2, the magnetoresistive torque is increased in order to be able to reliably magnetically move. When the bar 6 is scratched, the magnetic flux 7 as shown in FIG. As a result, there is a drawback that the decrease in torque near the dead point occurs.

In addition, in order to obtain an ideal torque rotation angle curve, it is necessary to obtain a synthetic torque curve 8 as shown in FIG.

9 is an armature coil torque (electromagnetic torque) curve by the armature coil 3, and 10 is a magnetoresistance (reluctance) torque curve for the magnetic body for generating magnetoresistance.

As is evident in the armature coil torque curve 9 and the magnetoresistive torque curve 10, the magnetoresistive torque needs to be equal to two half of the armature coil torque.

This results in a composite torque curve 8 with substantially the same rotational lock throughout the rotation angle.

Moreover, in order to obtain such an ideal synthetic torque curve 8, the size and position of the magnetic body for generating magnetoresistance (iron rod 6, etc.) must be correctly designed.

In the single-phase brushless motor of the principle shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, or when the air cap 4 is inclined or the iron rod 6 is not formed to generate a magnetoresistance, the armature coil ( When the torque curve 9 as shown in FIG. 5 is obtained by 3), the torque becomes zero at the energization switching point 30.

Has a so-called dead point.

As described above, when the magnet rotor 2 sometimes stops, and when the position detecting element stops at a position opposite to the dead point, it is impossible to obtain a rotation lock even when energizing the motor.

As a single-phase brushless motor that can obtain an ideal rotational torque applied to a fan motor, there are those shown in FIGS. 6 to 10.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a single-phase disk-type brushless fan motor, FIG. 7 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, FIG. 8 is a bottom view of a magnet rotor of the motor, FIG. 9 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of an enlarged stator side of the motor, and FIG. 10 is a stator. Top view of armature.

The single-phase disc-shaped brushless fan motor 11 includes a motor case 12A at the center of the planar square fan motor case 12 and a pin 15 to be described later on the outer peripheral bottom of the motor case 12A. It forms a perforation 16 for sending wind generated by the.

A bearing holder 31 is provided in the center of the motor case 12A, and the rotating fan 17 is fixedly installed at the top of the rotating shaft 20 by the bearing 21 formed on the inner circumference of the holder 31. In the outer circumference of the main body 18, a fin 15 for blowing air in the axial direction, i.e., the direction of the through hole 16, is formed.

The rotor yoke 19 and the magnet rotor 2 are fixed to the rear surface of the rotating fan main body 18 in this order.

The magnet rotor 2 is a 2P (P is an integer of 2 or more) poles having alternating magnetic poles of N and S. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a six-pole ring is used.

The stator armature 32 is formed in the magnet rotor 2 via the axial gap 13.

The single-phase disc type brushless motor 14 is mainly formed by the rotor yoke 19, the magnet rotor 2, the stator armature 32, the position detecting element 24 described later, and the like supported by the rotating material.

The stator armature 32 disposes two concentric armature coils 43-1 and 43-2 symmetrically 180 degrees in the upper surface portion facing the magnet rotor 2 of the stator yoke 23, and is a Hall element. The position detecting element 24 and the magnetic body projection 25 for generating magnetoresistance are formed, and the printed circuit board 22 is disposed on the lower surface of the stator yoke 23 and not shown on the lower surface of the substrate 22. And a space for accommodating electrical components for forming the electrical component control circuit 30 is formed.

The armature coils 43-1 and 43-2 have a single magnetic pole width of the magnet rotor 2 for the opening of the conductor portions 43a and 43 ′ a, which will contribute to the generated torque in the radial direction so as to be a single-phase brushless motor. In other words, it is formed of a concentric core having a width of 60 degrees. The magnet body 25 for magnetoresistive torque generation formed on the upper surface of the stator yoke 23 is a magnet rotor 2 at one effective conductor portion 43'a of one armature coil, for example, the armature coil 43-2. Toward the direction of rotation (arrow A), the center of which is equal to the width of one pole (60 degrees in the machine angle) at a position 90 degrees away from the electrical angle (45 degrees in the magnetic angle, or machine angle). Doing.

The position detecting element 24 is disposed at about an intermediate position between the effective conductor portion 43a of the armature coil 43-1 and the effective conductor portion 43'a of the armature coil 43-2, and the terminal 26 The printed circuit board 22 is electrically connected to the printed circuit board 22 on the bottom surface thereof through the cutout portion 28 formed on the stator yoke 23.

According to the single-phase disk-type brushless fan motor 11 of this configuration, even if only one position detecting element 24 can be moved, the magnet rotor 2 can form a useful thing that can be rotated in the direction of the arrow A. have.

In this single-phase disk-type brushless fan motor 11, if no magnetic resistance projections 25 for magnetoresistance are formed, they are generated by the electric magnetic coils 43-1 and 43-2 as shown in FIG. The torque curve is in the form indicated by the reference numeral 9, but has a so-called dead point at which the torque is zero at the energization switching point 30.

Therefore, when the magnet rotor 2 sometimes stops, when the position detecting element 24 stops at a position opposite to the dead point, even if the motor 11 is energized, starting torque cannot be obtained and it is not practical. .

Therefore, the magnetoresistance torque curve 10 in FIG. 5 is obtained by forming the magnetoresistance projection 25 for magnetoresistance at the same position as in FIG.

The magnetoresistive torque indicated by this magnetoresistive torque curve 10 is generated by the suction force between the protrusion 25 and the magnet rotor 2, and is preferably one half of the generated torque curve 8. Do.

The combined torques of the curves 8 and 9 are as shown in the synthetic torque curve 10, and the single-phase disc type brushless fan motor 11 having no dead spots is obtained.

However, in the case of such a single-phase disk-type brushless fan motor 11, the projection 25 must be formed on the upper surface of the stator yoke 23, so that the number of parts and the number of assembly operations are increased.

In addition, a cutout portion 28 is formed in the stator yoke 23, and the cutout portion 28 is disposed on the printed circuit board 20 on the lower surface of the stator yoke 23 through the cutout portion 28 and on the stator yoke 23. It is necessary to electrically connect the armature coils 43-1 and 43-2. In this case, if the insulation measures of the stator yoke 23 are not established, there is a possibility of short-circuit and it is structurally complicated, which is not preferable in terms of mass production. .

In addition, the single-phase disk-type brushless fan motor devised to configure the low cost, but the same in other fan motors, but must use an expensive rotary shaft.

Then, the rotary shaft is press-fitted into the main body 18 of the rotary fan 17, for example, the fan motor 11 of FIG. 7, or the rotary shaft 17 of the mold when the plastic mold is molded. ) Must be mounted to unite.

Alternatively, as in the disc-shaped brushless fan motor 11 shown in FIG. 11, the boss 27 is formed in the rotating fan body 18 and the rotary shaft 25 is press-fitted into the boss 27 to rotate the rotary shaft 25. And rotary fan 17, etc. are integrated.

As described above, in order to make the brushless fan motor inexpensive, even if the single-phase brushless motor is adopted, the rotation shaft 25 is not lost, and the assembly of the rotation shaft 25 is not simplified, and thus, an inexpensive fan motor cannot be obtained.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the drawbacks of the conventional fan motor, to facilitate the installation of the rotating shaft, and to provide a low-cost rotating fan having a rotating shaft, the rotation fan and the rotation It is achieved by integrally forming a rotating shaft to be fixed to the fan of plastic.

That is, FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the rotating fan 17 'and the rotor yoke 19' integrally formed with the rotating shaft 20 'to be used in the single-phase disk-type brushless fan motor of the present invention, and FIG. 13 is the rotor yoke 19 Is a perspective view of a rotating fan 17 'integrally formed with a rotating shaft 20' mounted with '), and FIG. 14 shows a rotating fan 17' in which the field magnet 2 is fixed to the rotating fan 17 'of FIG. FIG. 15 is a perspective view of the case where two inner rings are fixed to the rotating shaft 20 'of the rotating fan 17' of FIG. 14, and FIG. 16 is a single phase disc type brushless fan motor 11 showing an example of the present invention. A perspective view of ") (with the exception of the rotating fan) will be described below mainly in accordance with these drawings.

The rotary fan 17 'is an integral molding of plastic, and has a fin 15' and a rotating fan body for blowing wind in the axial direction on the outer circumference of the cap-shaped rotary fan body 18 'formed flat in the axial direction. It is integrally formed with 18 at 18 '.

In addition, when the rotating shaft 20 'is integrally formed with the rotating fan body 18' by plastic as in the present invention, a sintered metal such as an oilless metal bearing is not suitable as the bearing, so a ball bearing is used as the bearing. It is appropriate. Therefore, in this case, it is preferable to fix the inner ring of the ball shaft number to the rotating shaft 20 'as mentioned later.

The single-phase disc type brushless fan motor 11 'includes a motor case 12A at the center of the fan motor case 12' and rotates at the outer peripheral bottom of the motor case 12A to blow air in the axial direction. Perforations 15 'are formed for passing wind generated by the pins 15' (Figs. 12 to 15 degrees).

At the center of the motor case 12A, a bearing holder 31 'is provided, and at both upper and lower ends formed on the inner circumference of the holder 31', ball shafts 21'-1 and 21'- are shown in FIG. 2), and the rotating shaft 20 'is supported by the rotation material.

The inner ring 21'a of the ball shafts 21'-1 and 21'-2 is fixed to the upper and lower stages of the rotation shaft 20 ', and the ball shafts 21'-1 and 21'-2 are fixed. The outer ring 21'b is fixed to the bearing holder 31 ', and a steel ball 21'c is placed between the inner ring 21'a and the outer ring 21'b.

Therefore, the rotating shaft 20 'contacts the inner ring 21'a to the steel ball 21'c and rotates smoothly.

The rotating fan 17 'is formed as shown in FIG. 13 by fixing the annular rotor yoke 19' to the lower end of the inner surface of the main body 18 'as shown in FIG. 12, and then the rotor yoke 19'. Is fixed as shown in FIG. 14 by fixing the six-pole toroidal magnet rotor 2 as shown in FIG.

That is, if the rotor fan body 18 'is fixed, the rotor yoke 19' and the magnet rotor 2 are fixed in this order. When the rotor yoke 19 'is not used, the rotor fan body 18' is not used. What is necessary is just to stick the nameplate formed with the magnetic body seal on the upper surface of).

The magnet rotor 2 is a 2P (P is an integer of 2 or more) poles in which the magnetic poles of N and S are alternately used. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, a 6 pole pole is used. It is not limited.

The stator armature 32 'is formed in the magnet rotor 2 through the axial gap 13.

The single-phase disc type brushless motor 14 is mainly formed by the rotor yoke 19 ', the magnet rotor 2, the stator armature 32', the position detecting element 24, and the like supported by the rotating material.

The stator armature 32 'disposes two concentric armature coils 43-1 and 43-2 symmetrically by 180 degrees on an upper surface portion that will face the magnet rotor 2 of the stator yoke 23'. .

The lower surface of the stator yoke 23 'is provided with the printed board 22 for disposing the electrical components on the lower surface as described above.

In the stator yoke 23 ', one cutout 33 is formed to magnetically drive the brushless fan motor 11'.

Accordingly, the printed board 22 is exposed through the cutout 33 as shown in FIGS. 15 to 19. FIG.

Therefore, the position detecting element 24 is disposed on the upper surface of the printed board 22 exposed through the cutout 33 so that the magnetic pole of the magnet motor 2 can be detected.

The cutout portion 33 formed in the stator yoke 23 'is not merely a cutout, but generates a magnetoresistive torque so that the brushless fan motor 11' can be moved automatically, and the fifth cutout portion 33 is formed. The ideal synthesized torque curve 8 shown in the figure must be obtained.

In order to obtain the binary binary torque curve 8, the cutout 33 is n when the magnetic pole width of the magnet rotor 2 is T, and T (n is an integer of 1 or more, and the magnet rotor 2 It is an integer less than the number of poles).

In this embodiment, the cutout portion 33 has the same width as the single magnetic pole width of the magnet rotor 2, that is, the six-pole magnet rotor 2 is formed to have a width of 60 degrees.

The length in the radial direction of the cutout 33 may be appropriately designed such that the maximum value of the magnetoresistive torque is 1/2 of the maximum value of the torque to be obtained by the generated torque curve 9.

To do this, the radial length of the cutout 33 is formed to be about one half the radius of the stator yoke 23 '.

The positional relationship between the stator yoke 23 'having the cutout portion 33 and the armature coils 43-1 and 43-2 is such that the one end 33a of the cutout portion 33 is positioned at the maximum torque. What is necessary is just to arrange | position the stator yoke 23 'so that it may be between the positions which become dead point.

However, in order to obtain the brushless fan motor 11 'of the preferred synthetic torque curve 8, the rotational direction (arrow A) at the position where one end of the cutout 33, for example, the end 33a, will be obtained the maximum torque. Direction so that it is in the position in front of the quarter stimulus width.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the end 33a is moved to the quarter magnetic pole, that is, 15 degrees ahead from the effective conductor portion 43'a of the armature coil 43-1 toward the rotation direction (arrow A direction). The stator yoke 23 'is disposed so as to be positioned.

Small cutouts 34 and 34 'are formed in the outer circumferential portion at the position opposite to the cutout portion 33 of the printed board 22.

Terminals 35 and 35 'of each of the armature coils 43-1 and 43-2 are guided to the rear surface of the printed board 22 through the cutouts 34 and 34', and are formed on the printed board 22. As shown in FIG. It electrically connects with the group of electric components 37 for driving circuit formation disposed on the rear surface of the printed circuit board 22 through the non-distributioned printing pattern.

According to the single-phase disk-type brushless fan motor 11 'having such a configuration, at the stop, the end of the cutout portion 33, that is, 33a is attracted to the center portion of the north pole or the south pole of the magnet rotor 2 so as to face each other. In addition, since the position detecting element 24 always detects the N or S poles, even if only one position detecting element is used, the magnet rotor 2 can be formed to rotate in the direction of the arrow A. .

In addition to the position detecting element 24, a high electrical component 36 or the like may be disposed on the printed board 22 facing the cutout 33.

19 is a plan view of the stator armature 32 "of the second embodiment of the present invention, wherein the stator armature 32" has a cutout portion 33-1 having the same width as the one pole width of the magnet rotor 2; 33-2 and 33-3 are formed at the stator yoke 23 "positions separated by even-numbered magnetic poles (two magnetic poles in this embodiment) at equal intervals in order to eliminate the load bearing.

In this way, when the N poles of the magnet rotor 2 completely overlap, for example, one cutout portion, the N poles overlap the other cutout portions as well. Therefore, the suction force is balanced, and there is no load and no friction, resulting in a long service life.

As described above, the present invention does not need to use an expensive rotary shaft like a conventional fan motor, and eliminates the work of integrating the rotary shaft and the rotary fan. Therefore, the weight is also light, and if the rotor yoke is abolished, an extremely light weight is obtained.

The cutout is also formed at the same time as the stator yoke is punched, thereby reducing the cost.

In addition, the single-phase disc-type brushless fan motor to which the present invention is applied does not have projections on the stator yoke and can be disposed on the cutout of the position detecting element. Do.

This is particularly effective in the case of a so-called sheet coil in which the armature coil is formed by means of etching or the like.

Claims (8)

In a fan motor having a rotating fan 17 'having a pin 15' that blows wind by rotating, the rotating shaft 20 is pivoted by the ball shaft numbers 21'-1 and 21'-2. The magnet rotor 2 having a plurality of magnetic poles of N and S is fixedly installed on the rotating fan 17 ', and the stator armature 32' is disposed at the fixed side opposite to the rotating fan 17 '. And a rotating shaft 20 integrally formed of plastic. The fan motor according to claim 1, wherein the inner shaft (21'a) of the ball shaft numbers (21'-1, 21'-2) is fixed to the rotating shaft (20). 2. The stator yoke (23 ') disposed in the magnet rotor (2) through the axial gap and fixed at the position thereof, and at least one concentric armature coil (43) disposed in the stator armature excretion section of the motor. And a disc type brushless fan motor (11) having an electrical circuit for detecting and energizing the magnetic rotor by detecting magnetic poles of the magnet rotor (2). 4. The fan motor according to claim 3, wherein the stator yoke (23 ') is formed by a cutout (34'). The printed circuit board 22 is formed on the lower surface of the stator yoke 23 ', and the electrical components 36 and 37 for forming the energization control circuit are disposed on the lower surface of the stator yoke 23', and the printed circuit board 22 is cut off. A fan motor, characterized in that the position detecting element (24) is disposed at a position opposite to the magnet rotor (2) on the surface facing the inner portion (34 '). The fan motor according to claim 4, wherein the cutout portion (34 ') has the same width as the magnetic pole width of the magnet rotor (2). 7. The fan motor according to claim 6, wherein at least two cutout portions (34, 34 ') are formed at positions separated from each other by an even number of magnetic poles. The magnet rotor (2) according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the stator yoke (23 ') rotates the magnet rotor (2) at a position where a maximum starting lock can be obtained at the ends (33a) of the cutouts (34, 34'). A fan motor, characterized in that it is disposed in the forward position by a half of the magnetic pole toward the direction.