KR890008912Y1 - Load measuring device of steel structure - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Heavy load measuring devices such as steel structures

1 is a front view showing an example of a conventional load measuring device.

2 to 8 are diagrams for explaining the problem in the case of measuring the load of a relatively flexible member, such as steel structures, Figures 2 and 3 show an example of the configuration inserted through the load transducer between the steel structures. Floor plan and front view.

4 is a front view showing a deformation state when a steel structure is loaded.

5 and 6 show the stress distribution in the upper end face of the load transducer.

7 (a) and 7 (b) are a front view showing an example of the configuration inserted through a load transducer between steel structures and a diagram showing the stress distribution state of each part in the same drawing.

8 (a) and 8 (b) are front views showing examples of the structure different from those of the seventh (a), and diagrams showing the stress distribution state of each part in the same example.

9 to 11 are a perspective view, a front center longitudinal sectional view and a plan view showing a configuration of one embodiment of the present invention.

12 and 13 are respective front center longitudinal cross-sectional views showing the construction of two other embodiments of the present invention.

14 (a), 14 (b), 14 (c), and 14 (d) are diagrams showing the sound force distribution state in each part of the heavy load measuring apparatus according to the present invention.

15 to 17 are plan views, front views, and enlarged parts of essential parts in FIG. 16 showing an application example of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

20: load transducer 21: internal space

22: strain gage 23: upper end surface

24: projection ring 25: upper contact plate

26: projection sheet 27: heavy load measuring device

28: ceiling plate 29: foot

30 rack 31 support frame

32: pinion 33: pinion drive device

34: Shock. Shock pad 35: Jack. Jack-house

37: bottom joint sheet 38: bottom contact plate

39: upper joint sheet

The present invention is a steel sheet and a flexible inhibitor ( It relates to a large load measuring device for measuring a large load to be loaded on a relatively flexible member such as a structure consisting of a structure (hereinafter referred to simply as a steel structure).

Jack for example. Deck-lifted offshore oil rigs, called jack-up type rigs, are platform platforms for rigs with multiple legs that can be lifted. When the ship is suspended as a buoyancy of the platform and floats, when working, the foot is lowered to the seabed, and the platform is jacked up to a sufficient level on the sea level, so that the oil field is stable under the stable working environment without being affected by waves or tides It is widely used as the most advantageous excavating device in terms of workability, safety, and economic efficiency since it can be drilled.

In this jack-up platform, the foot is lowered to the sea floor when working and the load is placed on each foot to ensure stable installation of the rig while monitoring the rig not to overturn when the platform is jacked up to the sea level. As a rule (※), it was obliged to install measuring apparatus to say (※ Power Resources Department rule).

Along with this there is a need for load measuring devices for oil rigs and maintenance barge and other jack-up platforms, especially for use in the North Sea.

A load measuring device such as the jack-up rig described above, which is inserted through a bag-shaped pad in which oil is enclosed in a load transmission path, and the hydraulic pressure in the pad is In some cases, a hydraulic load gauge may be used to calculate the load.

However, in the case of this hydraulic load gauge, the measurement error caused by the change in the oil temperature is large, and the temperature compensation is extremely difficult, and when stress concentration occurs at the edge part and a heavy load is loaded, there is a risk of breakage. Moreover, also in the manufacturing method, it has a fault, such as difficulty.

In view of the drawbacks of such a conventional apparatus, the inventors of the present application tried to employ a strain gage type load converter instead of the hydraulic load gauge, and thus encountered the problem described below.

That is, for example, when the jack up league is a so-called steel structure, in particular, the support (ceiling plate) of the jack-house supporting the reaction force (foot reaction force) received from the foot is also formed as a relatively flexible member (steel plate) as a steel structure. Since no uniform load is transmitted to the load transducer, accurate load measurement cannot be performed.

In order to cope with this problem, it is possible to increase the measurement accuracy by inserting a contact metal plate made of a thick rigid sheet between the unmeasured parts of the structure of the load converter, but using the thickness of the contact metal plate for the jack. A new problem arises that the house must also be high, resulting in an increase in the weight and material cost of the overall structure.

These problems will also be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

1 is a front view showing an example in which a strain gauge type load converter is placed in a rolling mill.

This rolling mill is to feed the sheet material between the upper and lower rolling rollers (1) and (2) in the A direction as shown in the drawing, and to roll it to a predetermined plate thickness adjusted by the adjusting screw (3) installed on the upper side. The loads applied to the support portions 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 at the time of measurement are measured as washer-type load transducers 9 and flat load transducers 10 and 11. .

In this rolling mill, since each support part 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 which contact | abuts the main-body part 12 and each load transducer 9, 10, 11 has enlarged rigidity, Deformation of each support is almost negligible, and paying attention to the parallelism of the load transducers of each support can accurately measure the load on each support.

By the way, in the steel structure shown as a plan view and a front view in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the upper support plate (ceiling plate) 14 and lower support plate 15 which contact the cylindrical load transducer 13 are It is made of a steel structure, which is flexible and easy to deform, and one side of the upper support plate 14 or the lower support plate 15 is abutted, detached and movable in the up and down directions, and the impact upon contact A shock pad 16 for absorbing and a contact metal plate 17 for preventing partial deformation of the shock pad 16 are provided.

When such a steel structure is loaded downward, for example, the inclined load and the uneven distribution load are likely to be applied to the abutting metal plate 17 and the upper support plate 14. Even if the degree is small, as shown in FIG. 4, the upper support plate 14, the contact metal plate 17, and the like deform, and the contact surface to the load transducer 13 also deforms into a wave shape.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when the upper support plate 14 (indicated by two fold lines) is curved upward, the stress distribution of the hydraulic pressure surface of the load transducer 15 is maximized at the outer edge portion. And decrease as it approaches the edge of the circumference.

On the contrary, when the upper support plate 14 is bent downward, it becomes a stress distribution as shown in FIG.

When the floating distribution load is applied to the hydraulic pressure surface of the load transducer 13 as described above, the relationship between the load and the measured value is lost. For example, in FIG. 5, the measured value is smaller than the actual load. In the case of the figure, it tends to appear large, and in either case, accurate measurement is not performed.

A contact structure having a height of (h1) for homogenizing the transfer of load between the upper and upper portions of the load transducer 13 and the support plate 11 as shown in FIG. 7 (a) to eliminate this defect. 18) or as shown in FIG. 8 (a), the plate is inserted through a metal plate 19 for contact with a large plate thickness h3 and a large rigidity, and the height of the load transducer 13 ( By increasing h4), it becomes a stress distribution as shown in FIG. 7 (b) and 8 (b), respectively, and the load is equalized in the hydraulic pressure surface of the load transducer 13, and the reproducibility of the load is shown. That is, it was confirmed that it can obtain by improving the measurement precision.

However, as shown in FIG. 7 (a) and FIG. 8 (a), the height h1 of the contact structure 18, the height h3 of the metal plate 19 for contact, and the load converter 13, respectively. As a result, the height h4 becomes larger, the height H inevitably increases between the upper support plate 14 and the contact metal plate 17, resulting in an increase in weight or price, as well as a lateral load. The problem of being weak remains.

The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and can measure a large load on a relatively flexible member such as a steel structure with a high front view, and provides a heavy load measuring device such as a steel structure having a low price as a small weight. It is aimed at.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

9 to 11 are a perspective view, a cross-sectional view and a plan view showing the configuration of one embodiment of the present invention.

9 to 11, reference numeral 20 denotes a load transducer having an inner space 21 and having a cylindrical shape in its entirety. ), Several strain gauges 22, 22, ... which are disposed in the direction of the cylinder and convert the load into electric quantity at appropriate positions on the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the cylinder are attached and fixed by means of adhesion or the like.

On the upper end surface 23 of the load transducer 20 described above, a short cylindrical shape and a projection ring 24 are placed and contacted, and the projection ring 24 is outside the load transducer 20. It has an outside diameter smaller than the diameter and has an inside diameter larger than the inside diameter of the load transducer 20.

The disc-shaped upper contact plate 25 is placed on the other side of the protruding ring 24 (upper side in the drawing) so as to be contacted.

In addition, the circumferential projection sheet 26 abuts on the other side (the upper surface in the drawing) of the upper contact plate 25.

These load transducers 20, the projection ring 24, the upper contact plate 25 and the projection sheet 26 are arranged concentrically, respectively.

Here, the diameter d of the projection sheet 26 is as small as possible within the range that the support member (the upper common site described later) abutting on the upper surface of the projection sheet 26 can be obtained by virtue of material strength. This is good.

Moreover, the thickness t of the projection sheet 26 is the height h1 of the contact structure 18 shown in FIG. 7 (a) and FIG. 8 (a), and the height of the contact metal plate 19 ( Much thinner than h3) is sufficient, and in the above embodiment, it is formed to be 10 mm or less at most.

12 and 13 are cross-sectional views showing two different embodiments of the present invention, and the same reference numerals are attached to the same parts as FIGS. 9 to 11.

In the above-described embodiment, the protrusion ring 24 and the protrusion sheet 26 have been described as being separate from the upper contact plate 25, but all of them are integrally formed as shown in FIG. In addition, several projection rings 24 may be provided.

Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 13, the upper contact plate 25 and the protruding ring 24 may be integrated so that only the protruding sheet 26 may be formed separately, and these are disposed above the load converter 20. In addition, it may be excreted downward.

The heavy load measuring device 27 configured as described above is used as a state in which the load transducer 20 is mounted on the base, and then the subcutaneous material is supported as the projection sheet 26.

When the load to be abutted on the upper surface of the projection sheet 26 is a relatively flexible member 28 such as a steel structure, as shown in FIG. 14 (a), the entirety of the member 29 is deformed into a wave shape. The stress distribution of the member 28 also shows a wave shape corresponding to the deformation thereof.

Since the projection sheet 26 abuts against the member 28 is subjected to a floating distribution load, the stress distribution of the surface thereof, for example, as shown in FIG. As it progresses, the distribution state becomes larger.

By the way, the above-mentioned uneven distribution load received as the projection sheet 26 is concentrated as the projection sheet 26, and since the pressure-receiving area of the projection sheet 26 is small, it occurs in the undercut material, that is, the member 28. The bending moment generated by the uneven distribution load which is present is not transmitted to the upper contact plate 25 and the load converter 20.

In addition, when a load is transmitted to the protrusion ring 24 via the upper contact plate 25, the stress is diffused (dispersed) in the upper contact plate 25, and at the stage of reaching the upper end surface of the protrusion ring 24. As shown in Fig. 14 (c), the stress distribution is quite homogenous.

In addition, in the step of reaching the upper end surface 23 of the load transducer 20 via the protrusion ring 24, the load applied to the upper end surface 23 by the stress smoothing function of the protrusion ring 24 is equally distributed. As shown in FIG. 14 (d), the stress distribution becomes homogeneous in the entire hydraulic pressure surface.

This means that the stress integral value of the upper end surface 23 of the load transducer 20 corresponds exactly to the integral value of the stress of the member under measurement 28 shown in Fig. 14 (a).

Therefore, the strain gauges 22, 22, ... attached to the load transducer 20 are accurately transmitted, and the electrical outputs of the strain gauges accurately correspond to the loads loaded on the member under measurement 28. (22) (22) ... can be taken out.

In addition, according to the configuration described above, the thickness (height) of the projection sheet 26, the upper contact plate 25 and the projection sheet 26 may be thin, and even if the height of the load transducer 20 is low, the accuracy is sufficiently high. Since it is possible to measure the load having, it is very convenient to reduce the weight and price of the device.

Next, an example in which the heavy load measuring device 27 of the present invention is applied to the jack-up platform described above will be described with reference to FIGS. 15 to 17.

(29) is a foot having a pair of racks (30), (31) is a support frame body having a pinion (32) interlocking with the rack (30) described above, (33) a pinion drive Device.

The shock and the pad 34 are attached to the upper surface of the above-mentioned support frame 31.

jack. On the lower cavity sheet 37 supported by the several suspended bolts 36 on the ceiling plate side of the house 35, three heavy load measuring devices 27 are installed via the lower contact plates 38, respectively. The projection sheet 39 abuts downward.

The operation of the heavy load measuring device of the jack-up platform having such a configuration will be described.

As described above, when the jack-up platform moves, the pinion drive unit 33 rotates the pinion 32 in the direction shown in the drawing, and the feet 30 and the rack 30 engage with the rack 30. Raise (29).

Since the platform floats as its buoyancy, it sails to the target seabed point as it is.

The next time the excavation of the oil well is carried out, the pinion driving device 33 is driven in the opposite direction as described above, so that the foot 29 is lowered to the sea floor and the platform is jacked up to a sufficient height on the sea surface.

At this time, the support frame 31 is subjected to the upward load shown in the drawing due to the reaction force of the pinion 32 which lowers the rack 30, and this load is shock. Pad (34) Lower Joint Sheet (37) Bottom contact plate (38) Load transducer (20) Protruding ring (24) Top contact plate (25) Projection Sheet (26) Upper part common sheet (39) jack. It is delivered to the house (ceiling plate) 35, and becomes a force which presses and raises a platform.

Thus, this large load measuring apparatus 27 is inserted between the load transmission paths, and is provided with the load transducer 20, the projection ring 24, the upper contact plate 25, and the projection sheet 26. As it is configured by a combination, as described above, a heavy load applied to a relatively flexible member, such as the ceiling plate 28 of the jack house 35 made of a steel structure (in this case, the weight of the platform is 4,000t to 20,000t) Can be measured with high precision.

Thus, for example, it is possible to monitor the rate of load on multiple feet when jacking up the platform, thus preventing the risk of tipping over.

In particular, it is extremely important to stabilize the feet by harmonizing the feet on the soft ground of the seabed.As the stabilization method, the seawater is lengthened into the platform, so that the feet are put on a large weight, or one or two of the feet are floating and the remaining feet are In order to concentrate the load, it is necessary to operate carefully while monitoring the balance of the load on the foot.

As the load measuring device in such a case, the present invention is very desirable.

In addition, although the case of the jack-up platform is shown in the said application example, it can be applied also as a heavy load measurement for guitar, land, civil engineering, and building within the range which does not deviate from the summary.

As described in detail above, according to the present invention, the height of the entire load measuring device is as low as possible, and a small weight and a low price can be achieved. It is possible to provide a heavy load measuring device such as a steel structure that can measure the large loads loaded on relatively flexible members such as steel structures with high precision.

Claims (1)

A load measuring device for measuring a large load loaded on a relatively flexible member such as a steel structure by a load transducer via a load transmission path, wherein the overall shape is cylindrical and added and fixed to the circumferential surface. By the gauge 22, the load transducer 20 which converts the load loaded on both end surfaces into electric quantity, and it is arrange | positioned at at least one end surface side of this load converter 20, and the outer diameter of the load transducer 20 is carried out. It has a smaller outer diameter and a larger inner diameter than the inner diameter of the load transducer, and one end face has a short cylindrical protrusion ring 24 that abuts one end face of the load transducer 20, and the protrusion ring 24. A steel plate or the like comprising a contact plate 25 formed by abutting or integrating the other side of the c) and a columnar protrusion sheet 26 formed by abutting or integrating the other side of the abutting plate 25. Large floor measuring device.