KR890005685Y1 - Calorimeter - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Integrated calorimeter

1 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.

2 is a graph showing that the calorific value measured by the calorimeter of the present invention coincides with the actual calorie value.

3 is a chart measuring the temperature difference between the hot water inlet and the hot water outlet during heating in the moapart every hour.

Figure 4 is a chart showing the difference between the total calories and the actual calories measured by a conventional integral comparative flow meter.

5 is a chart showing the difference between the accumulated heat and the actual heat measured by a conventional A / D conversion flow meter.

6 is a chime chart of each part for explaining the operation of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: flow meter 2: noise reduction circuit

3: sequential circuit 4, 4 ': one-short malt vibrator

5, 6: constant current circuit 7: high temperature side temperature detector

8: low temperature storage temperature detector 9: transistor

10: temperature difference amplifier 11: A / D converter

12: memory circuit 13: oscillator

14: counter circuit 15: comparator

16: AND gate 17, 19: analog switch

18: counter

The present invention relates to an integrated calorimeter, and when the temperature difference changes drastically, the present invention relates to an improved design that can accurately calculate the computed calorie value with the actual calorific value without any measurement error.

Conventional integrated calorimeters have a drawback in the method of calculating the calories by detecting the temperature difference and the flow rate.Therefore, when the temperature difference is small and the change of the temperature difference is large, the difference between the actual calories is very large and accurate calorific value cannot be improved. It was.

As an example, the temperature difference between the hot water inlet and the hot water outlet during heating in the moapart can be seen as a significant change in the temperature difference between the initial heating and the heating termination, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, since the integral delay time of several seconds to inserting seconds is required depending on the integral circuit, the accumulated heat amount by the temperature difference detection of the flow rate point of the integral delay time is several seconds or tens of seconds after the flow point Q ₁ . As the temperature difference is changed, the accumulated calories by detecting the temperature difference when the temperature difference changes rapidly is calculated as the accumulated calorific value is smaller than the actual calorific value. Thus, the measurement error of the accumulated calories is generated accordingly. is the mean temperature difference (Q / 2) dots than the flow rate (Q ₁₎ that the flow (Q ₁₎ of the temperature difference between the temperature difference is less byeonhalttae rapidly because as Docha the accumulated heat quantity is detected by the measurement error of the amount of heat generated by the integrated, so less than the actual amount of heat accumulated heat quantity is calculated.

Therefore, the conventional integrated calorimeter has a closed end in which the actual calorie cannot be accurately measured when the temperature difference changes rapidly.

The present invention has been devised to solve such a conventional defect, it will be described in detail based on the accompanying drawings as follows.

The flow rate pulse signal detected by the flowmeter 1 and the temperature difference detection signal detected by the high temperature side and low temperature side temperature detectors 7 and 8 are inputted by the temperature difference detection unit (a) to the integration display unit (b), and the integrated heat quantity is counted. 18), the noise canceling circuit 2 and the sequential circuit 3 are inserted into the flow pulse output side of the flow meter 1 so that the negative output terminal e of the sequential circuit 3 is connected to the AND gate ( 16 is connected to the hysteresis terminal k of the counter circuit 14 and the set terminal n of the counter circuit 14, respectively, and the constant output terminal d of the sequential circuit 3 is the input terminal f of the one-short malt vibrator 4; ) And the output terminal (g) of the one-short malt vibrator (4) to the base of the transistor (9) and the control terminal (m) of the analog number 19, while the one-short malt vibrator (4 ') The output terminal i of the one-short malt vibrator 4 'is connected to the input terminal j of the memory circuit 12, and Side temperature detector 7 and connected to a common ground axis of the low-temperature side temperature sensor (8) and connected to a common (p) to the collector of the transistor 9.

In the drawings, reference numerals 5 and 6 are constant current circuits, 10 is a temperature difference amplifier, 11 is an A / D converter, 13 is an oscillator, 15 is a comparator circuit, and 17 is an analog switch.

Referring to the operation of the present invention as follows.

When the flow rate pulse comes out after passing the water heater 1 through the water heater 1, the noise signal is removed from the noise elimination circuit 2 and then converted into positive and negative outputs in the sequential circuit 3, as shown in the waveform diagram of FIG. Likewise, when the 1st pulse comes in, the constant output (terminal d) becomes "H" (high voltage), and when the 2nd pulse comes in, the sub output (e terminal) becomes "H" and the 3rd constant output again. "H", the fourth sub-output becomes "H" and repeats the same operation.

If the positive output of the sequential circuit is "H", the negative output becomes "L" (low voltage) and if the negative output is "H", the negative output becomes "L".

The one-short malt vibrator 4 is narrow in width and generates a constant pulse together with the constant output, and the one-short malt vibrator 4 'is delayed by a predetermined time and synchronized with the output of the one-short malt vibrator 4, and the pulse is synchronized. The width generates a narrower pulse than the output of the one-short malt vibrator 4 and passes the stable signal through the memory circuit 12, avoiding the initial transient of the temperature difference circuit and the A / D conversion circuit.

At this time, the input and output of the one-short Maltese vibrators 4 and 4 'are all made to operate with the pulse standing in the "H" state.

The constant current circuits 5 and 6 composed of FETs Q ₁ and Q ₂ and resistors R ₁ and R ₂ have a high temperature side temperature detector 7 and a low temperature side temperature detector which are load resistance even if the power supply voltage changes. Even if the resistance in (8) changes, a constant current flows.

The temperature difference amplifier 10 converts the temperature difference between the high temperature side temperature detector 7 and the low temperature side temperature detector 8 into a necessary large voltage and converts it into calories, and the A / D converter 11 converts the voltage as an analog signal. Is converted into a digital signal, and 8Bit or more is usually used for measurement accuracy.

The memory circuit 12 functions to store the data passed when the latch terminal j is "H" as it is, even if the input terminal loses or changes the input digital signal. 15) is a circuit that compares the signal of terminal I 'with the signal of terminal I and outputs an "H" signal to the output terminal u when I'> I and an "L" signal when I'≤I. ) Is a circuit that converts the input frequency into a digital signal, and counts when the set terminal (n) is "H" and output terminal (t) becomes zero (0) when the set terminal (n) is "L". will be.

The analog switches 19 and 17 are circuits that allow the input / output terminals to conduct when the control terminal m is "H" and non-conductivity when the "L" signal is present. The transistor 9 has a "H" voltage at the base. Is applied, it is turned on and switched on. If it is "L", it is switched off.

When the flow rate pulse is introduced from the flowmeter 1, the constant output terminal d of the sequence circuit 3 becomes "H", and the outputs of the one-shot malt vibrators 4 and 4 'are simultaneously "H". do.

The output of the one-short malt vibrators 4 and 4 'becomes "H" only for a predetermined time. When the output of the one-short malt vibrators 4 and 4' becomes "H", the transistor 9 The switch is turned on and at the same time, the analog switch 19 is also turned on to supply (+) power to the temperature difference amplifier 10 so that the temperature difference amplifier 10 is operated, and the memory circuit 12 receives an input signal. It is in a state to pass.

In addition, since the transistor 9 becomes conductive, a constant current flows through the high temperature side temperature detector 7 and the low temperature side temperature detector 8 of the constant current circuits 5 and 6, respectively, so that the temperature detector has a voltage proportional to the temperature. (D ₁ , D ₂ ), the voltage is amplified by the temperature difference amplifier 10 to be a voltage proportional to the temperature difference, and this voltage is converted into a digital signal in the A / D converter 11 to the memory circuit 12. Is input to the I 'terminal side of the digital comparator 15.

Next, when the output of the one-short malt vibrator 4 'becomes "L" before the output of the one-short malt vibrator 4, the memory circuit 12 is in a latched state, so that the output of the A / D converter 11 Even if it changes or becomes zero, the output of the memory circuit 12 does not change.

When the output of the one-short malt vibrator 4 becomes "L" at the next moment, the transistor 9 and the analog switch 19 are not conducting, and the outputs of the temperature difference amplifier 10 and the A / D converter 11 are zero. Although it becomes (0), the output of the memory circuit 12 is stored unchanged in the initial state.

At this time, a signal is input to the input terminal I 'of the digital comparator 15, but since the set terminal n of the counting circuit 14 is "L" at the input terminal I, the count output is zero (0). In the state of I '> I, the output terminal u of the digital comparator 15 becomes "H".

Next, when the second flow pulse is introduced from the flow meter 1, the negative output terminal e of the sequential circuit 3 becomes "H" and at the same time the counter circuit 14 sets the set terminal n to "H". The input frequency is counted and the digital output signal starts to be outputted. At the same time, the input terminal k of the AND gate 16 becomes "H" and both input terminals become "H". Therefore, the output terminal v also becomes "H". Since the control terminal w of the analog switch 17 is " H ", the input terminals x and y become conductive and oscillate for the same time as the output of the AND gate 16. The output frequency passes through and is counted in the counter 18.

As time goes by, the output signal of the counting circuit 14 increases and the signal of the I 'terminal of the digital comparator 15 and the signal of the I terminal become I'≤I and the output of the digital comparator 15 becomes "L". Since the input terminal e of the AND gate 16 also becomes "L", the output terminal v of the AND gate 16 becomes "L" while the control terminal w of the analog switch 17 is also "L". Since L " becomes, the input / output terminals x and y become non-conductive, and the output frequency of the oscillator 13 does not pass, and integration of the counter 18 is also stopped.

However, since the number of frequencies passing through the analog switch 17 is the same as the number counted by the counter circuit 14, the output digital signal of the A / D converter 11 and the analog switch 17 are consequently converted. The number of frequencies passed is a perfect match.

In other words, assuming that the average temperature difference between the one-flow flow rate Qc / 2 is T ° C and the calorific value is calculated each time the flow rate Qc passes, the actual calorific value = Qc × T × α㎉ However, Qc: the flow rate e, T : Average temperature difference degreeC, (alpha): correction coefficient = 0.98.

By the way, the operation of the calorimeter of the present invention detects the temperature difference when the passage flow rate is Qc / 2, and accumulates the heat quantity when the passage flow rate is Qc. As shown in FIG.

Since the passage flow time is relatively short and the flow rate is generally constant, the temperature change between the passage flows 0-Qc / 2 and Qc / 2-Qc is considered to have been linearly changed. It is understood that the temperature difference at the passage flow rate Qc / 2 is the same as the average temperature difference, and therefore, the accumulated calorific value = Qc x T x α㎉, and the accumulated calorific value is completely consistent with the actual calorific value.

In addition, one of the temperature detectors 7 and 8 is common, and since the constant current flows in this circuit, even if the lead resistance of the lead wire of the temperature detector changes, the temperature difference measurement is not affected.

As such, the present invention is capable of accurate calorimetry even when the temperature difference is rapidly changed due to the accurate calorimetry calculation by the average temperature difference and the passage flow rate, and since the temperature detector is common to one side, the difference in the lead wire length and resistance value of the temperature detector The error can be prevented, so it is possible to accurately measure the temperature difference, and there are various advantages such as the frequency change of the oscillator does not affect the measurement accuracy.

Claims (1)

The flow rate pulse signal detected by the flow meter 1 and the temperature difference detection signal detected by the temperature difference detection unit A are inputted to the integration display unit b so that the integrated heat amount is displayed on the counter 18. The sequential circuit 3 is inserted into the flow pulse output side, and the determined sub-output signal of the sequential circuit 3 is input to the AND gate 16 and the counter circuit 14, and the constant output signal is the one-short malt vibrator 4 Input signal to the one-short malt vibrator 4 'and the output signal of the one-short malt vibrator 4' and the analog switch 19, connected to the base of the transistor 9, and the one-short malt vibrator 4 The output signal of ') is inputted to the memory circuit 12, and the ground contact of the high temperature side temperature detector 7 and the low temperature side temperature detector 8 is connected in common, and this common point p is the common point p of the transistor 9; When connected to the collector and the output of the sequence circuit (3) is a constant output A temperature difference detecting operation and the amount of heat, and one output unit, when the counter circuit 14 and the AND operation by the gate 16, counter 18, the accumulated amount of heat is accumulated to be configured hayeoseo the integrated type shown in the calorimeter.