KR890000401Y1 - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

No content.

Description

Scroll compressor

1 is a cross-sectional view of a scroll compressor.

2 is a plan sectional view of the engaging portion of both scrolls.

3 is a longitudinal sectional view of a main portion of the compressor of the compressor of FIG. 1 as a lead valve.

4 is a rear plan view of the fixed scroll of FIG.

5 to 14 are partial cross-sectional views of another embodiment of the valve,

5 is a cross-sectional view of the flat valve body structure.

6 is a plan view of FIG.

7 is a sectional view of a piston valve structure.

8 is a sectional view of a ball valve structure.

9 is a cross-sectional view of a piston valve structure using a spring in combination.

10 is a cross-sectional view of a ball valve structure using a spring together.

11 is a cross-sectional view of the live valve provided on the side wall of the fixed scroll.

FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view of a piston valve in which a spring is used together and installed in a fixed plate end member.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the lead valve provided on the end plate member of the swing scroll on the back pressure chamber side.

14 is a cross-sectional view of the structure using the inner wall of the sealed container as a stop of the lead valve.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: Swivel scroll 2: Fixed scroll

3: frame 4: cylinder

5: Oldham Key 6: Oldham Ring

7: Crankshaft 7a: Crank part

8 bearing 9 compression chamber

10 discharge hole 11 discharge chamber

12: counterweight 13: upper main bearing

14: lower main bearing 15: rotor

16 stator 17 back pressure chamber

18: through hole 19, 20: oil hole

21: oil groove 23: suction pipe

25: sealing 24: winding end

43: suction chamber 40: evaporator

41: expansion valve 45: piping

42 condenser 36 discharge tube

50, 51, 53, 55, 56: passage 60: valve

70, 71, 72, 73, 74: valve body 100, 101, 102, 103: snap ring

The present invention relates to a scroll compressor, and in particular, prevents the pressure in the suction chamber, which is stopped by a valve that prevents backflow of gas, when the compressor is operated in a reverse direction due to a wrong power supply connection of the compressor. It relates to a device to.

The scroll compressor includes, for example, a compressor unit and an electric motor unit in an airtight container, and a gas passage penetrates the wall of the airtight container and is connected to an external device, for example, an evaporator and a condenser in a refrigeration unit and connected to a refrigeration cycle. Configure

In addition, the compressor unit is composed of a fixed scroll and the main portion of the rotating scroll meshing with it, the fixed scroll and the rotating scroll has a spiral projection on the end plate of the disc.

The swirl has a shape close to the involute curve or the involute curve. When the swing scroll and the fixed scroll are combined, a closed space is formed by the wrap of both scrolls.

Since the volume decreases when the swinging scroll is rotated without rotating about the fixed scroll, the closed space moving in the center direction is called a compression chamber. In addition, a closed space formed outside the compression chamber and which does not normally perform a compression action is called a suction chamber. A suction passage for sucking gas into the compressor portion is conducted to the suction chamber, and a discharge port for discharging gas from the compressor is opened near the center of the fixed scroll.

Between the swinging scroll and the frame or fixed scroll, an Oldham ring, which is a self-preventing chain that supports the rotation of the swinging scroll, is fitted with the crankshaft on the bearer of the swinging scroll, and the swinging scroll is cut by the oldhaming and the crankshaft. Rotate without battleships. The gas compressed in the compression chamber formed by both scrolls is discharged from the discharge hole.

As the compression action increases the pressure in the compression chamber, a force to separate the swing scroll from the fixed scroll acts.

The separation between the swing scroll and the fixed scroll increases the gap between the tip of the lap and the gas leakage from the compression chamber to the suction chamber.

Therefore, in order to efficiently compress and discharge the gas, the turning scroll must be properly pressed on the fixed scroll.

The pressing force of the swing scroll is obtained by the difference between the pressure in the compression chamber and the pressure applied to the back of the swing scroll (opposite to the lap), and this differential pressure is connected to the compression chamber installed on the end plate of the swing scroll and the back of the swing scroll. It is obtained only by the through hole.

The force to space the swing scroll, that is, the pressure acting on the wrap side of the end plate of the swing scroll, becomes the discharge pressure at the center of the suction pressure at the outer periphery, so that the pressure applied to the back of the swing scroll to obtain the force to press and attach the swing scroll to the fixed scroll It is good to set it as intermediate pressure lower than this discharge pressure and higher than suction pressure.

On the other hand, lubrication to each bearing sliding part or compressor part is performed using the lubricating oil accumulating in a sealed container. The lubricating oil is lubricated by each bearing by the pressure difference between the discharge pressure in the container and the intermediate pressure of the back plate of the swing scroll through the oil hole provided through the crankshaft, and then flows into the back pressure chamber installed on the back of the swing scroll. Lubricant flowed into the back pressure chamber is discharged into the compression chamber through the through-holes by an appropriate amount during operation, mixed with the compressed gas, and circulated. Such a thing is disclosed, for example in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 57-73886.

The scroll compressor is provided with a discharge valve in the discharge hole, which is a passage of the high pressure gas, to prevent the fluid from flowing back from the discharge side on the high pressure side to the suction side on the low pressure side by stopping operation. Thus, when the operation is stopped, the discharge valve is closed and the compression chamber is balanced with the low pressure on the suction side, but the lubricating oil supplied by the pressure difference flows out to the suction side through the through hole.

In addition, the flow rate of the lubricating oil accumulated in the sealed container becomes very small, and when the compressor is restarted, the amount of lubricating oil supplied to the bearing and the sliding part is insufficient, which causes a burnout accident. In addition, without the discharge valve, the compression chamber is filled with high-pressure discharge gas, so oil does not flow out to the suction side, but the turning scroll reverses due to the differential pressure between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure, which causes noise from reverse rotation. . In addition, since the discharge gas having a high temperature flows back from the suction side to the low pressure side of the refrigeration cycle, in the case of a cooling operation, when the extruder is stopped, hot air comes out.

Therefore, it is important to prevent the reversal of the turning scroll by the reverse flow to the discharge gas and to prevent the lubricating oil from flowing out to the suction side in the scroll compressor in which oil is supplied by the pressure difference.

As a method of this, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-110884, there is a structure in which a non-return valve is provided on the suction side to prevent the reverse flow of gas. According to this method, when the operation of the compressor is stopped, the compression chamber and the suction chamber become discharge gas, and the lubricating oil can be prevented from flowing out to the suction side. The discharge gas is prevented from flowing back to the low pressure side of the refrigeration cycle.

The important thing in this method is that the outlet is closed by the non-return valve when the compressor is rotated in the reverse direction due to the wrong connection of the compressor, so that the suction chamber is in the suction stop state and the pressure in the suction chamber is locally abnormally high. have.

If the suction chamber is locally abnormally high pressure, the load is applied to the lap wall surface of the turning scroll, and a part of the lap may be damaged by the generation of an excessive load. This phenomenon is even more pronounced when the gas contains a large amount of liquid and oil. There is no consideration in the related art in the past.

The object of the present invention is to provide a safety device that prevents the reverse rotation of the turning scroll due to the reverse flow of the discharge gas and the leakage of lubricant to the suction side while preventing the local pressure rise in the suction chamber. To provide a scroll compressor.

The present invention has a rotating scroll and a fixed scroll formed of a disk-shaped end plate and a spiral wrap erected on the end plate, and combines both scrolls with each other so that the wraps face inward, A scroll compressor in which both scrolls move relative to compress and discharge refrigerant gas by reducing its volume as the compression chamber formed by the end plate moves toward the center of the scroll, the outer side of the compression chamber formed by both scrolls. Has a suction chamber, and a suction passage for introducing gas into the suction chamber is connected to the suction passage, and a non-return valve is installed in the suction passage to prevent backflow of gas. Is provided at a downstream side of the non-return valve to operate the valve to lower the pressure in the suction chamber. It is done by gong.

And it is preferable that the valve which lowers the pressure in a suction chamber is a valve opened and closed by the pressure difference in the suction chamber and the space communicated with this suction chamber. In addition, the space is easily communicated with the suction chamber because the space is adjacent to the suction chamber if it is a high pressure discharge chamber or an intermediate pressure between the suction pressure and the discharge pressure.

The space other than the suction chamber may be a low pressure space. In this case, the operation of the valve is more stable by closing the valve by the spring. If the valve is a lead valve closed by the pressure difference between the discharge chamber and the suction chamber during normal operation, it is provided at the end of the hole on the discharge chamber side of the passage formed through the end plate of the fixed scroll.

If the valve is a lead valve that is closed due to the pressure difference between the back pressure chamber and the suction chamber during normal operation, the attachment to the hole end on the back pressure chamber side of the passage formed through the end plate of the turning scroll becomes simple. If the valve is a valve which is closed by the pressure difference between the discharge chamber and the suction chamber during normal operation and is a slide valve or a ball valve, the valve can be simply installed in the end plate of the fixed scroll so as to open and close a passage formed through the end plate of the fixed scroll. have.

In addition, the valve is a valve which is closed by the pressure difference and the spring force of the discharge chamber and the suction chamber during normal operation, and the slide valve or the ball valve is simply embedded in the end plate of the fixed scroll to open and close a passage formed through the end plate of the fixed scroll. It can be installed by using the spring force, and the valve can be surely operated by utilizing the spring force.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by the embodiments shown in the drawings.

1 is a turning scroll, and a spiral wrap is formed upright on a disc-shaped end plate, is engaged with the fixed scroll 2 formed in the same shape and integrally formed with the frame 3 to form a compressor part. This compressor part is fitted and fixed in the cylinder 4 which forms a hermetically sealed container. 5 is an Oldham key, which is installed between the swinging scroll 2 and the frame 3 so as to be engaged with the Oldham ring 6 and slidable from each other, the swinging scroll 1 and the frame 3 on the back of the swinging scroll 1. It is provided in the back pressure chamber 17 formed.

7 is a crankshaft, and the crank part 7a is formed by engaging the wrap of the said rotating scroll 1 and the fixed scroll 2 via the rotating bearing 8. And the compression chamber 9 communicates with the discharge hole 10 drilled in the center part of the fixed scroll 2, reducing the volume one by one.

The discharge port 10 is opened in the discharge chamber 11 formed by the gap 26 forming the sealed container. 12 is a counterweight and is fixedly attached to the crankshaft 7. 13 is an upper main bearing, 14 is a lower main bearing, and supports the crankshaft 7. 15 is a rotor of the motor, which is fixed to the shaft end of the crankshaft 7, and the stator 16 of the motor is fixed to the frame 3 by bolts 27. 18 is a through hole and is provided through the hard plate of the turning scroll 1, and the compression chamber 9 and the back pressure chamber 17 communicate. 19 is an oil hole, one end of which is opened through the crankshaft 7 to the oil supply unit 28 provided at the lower end of the crank 7, and the other end is opened to the end of the crank portion 7a. . 19a is an oil passage communicating the oil hole 19 and the oil groove 22.

20 is another oil hole, one end is opened to the oil supply unit 28 of the crankshaft 7, and the other end is opened to the lower main bearing 14 via the oil passage 20a. 21 is an oil groove installed along the slewing bearing (8). 23 is a suction pipe, one end penetrates through the angular pole 26, for example, is connected to a low pressure side device such as an evaporator, and the other end is inserted into a hole formed through the end plate of the fixed scroll 2. This suction pipe 23 is not fixed because the through part of the gap 26 is fixed to the weld part 26a and the end plate through part of the other end is sealed by the sealing ring 25. Therefore, concentration of stress is eliminated in the suction pipe 23. 29 is a circular passage and is formed in the axial direction. The sides of this passage form an opening 30 that is drilled over the entirety of the wrap height machine with a width of the dimension smaller than the diameter. The opening 30 opens to the wound end 24 of the fixed scroll in the suction chamber 43 formed outside the compression chamber, and conducts the suction chamber and the passage 29 to each other. 31 is a spring, one end of which is placed in the bottom 23 of the passage 29 and the other end of which is inserted in the passage 29 to push up the non-return valve 32. The sheet surface of the non-return valve 32 is in close contact with the lower surface 34 of the suction pipe 23. Further, the winding end 24 of the wrap of the fixed scroll 2 is formed in an arc shape, and the opening 30 of the passage 29 is easily formed.

35 is the lubricating oil stuck to the bottom of the sealed container. 36 is a discharge tube, 37 is a power supply connection terminal. 40 is the evaporator, 41 is the expansion valve, 42 is the condenser. It is connected in series by the pipe 45 to form a refrigeration cycle.

The valve of the present invention is installed on the lower side of the non-return valve between the non-return valve and the compression chamber.

3 and 4, the end plate 2a of the fixed scroll 2 is connected to the suction chamber 43, the passage 50 for communicating the discharge chamber 11, and the passage 50 is opened and closed. The valve 60 is installed. The valve 60 consists of a valve body 70 and a screw 80 attached to the end plate 2a of the fixed scroll 2 by the valve body 70, and the valve body 70 is discharged normally. The pressure difference between the chamber 11 and the suction chamber 43 is pressed against the sheet surface 90 of the passage 50. When the passage 50 is closed and the pressure in the suction chamber 43 rises abnormally, the position of the valve body 70 is changed to open the passage 50. Such a valve 60 is easy to attach because of its simple structure.

Therefore, in the compressor according to the present invention, when the turning scroll 1 is reversely rotated and the pressure in the suction chamber 43 is abnormally raised, the valve body 70 of the valve 60 opens the passage 50. Since the gas is opened, the gas in the suction chamber 43 is discharged to the discharge chamber 11 via the passage 50, so that an abnormal pressure rise in the suction chamber 43 is prevented. As a result, an excessive load does not act on the winding end portion of the lap of the turning scroll, and the lap of the portion is not damaged.

In the present embodiment, an example in which a lead valve is used as the valve is shown, but a valve structure as shown in FIGS. 5 to 10 may be employed in place of this valve.

The valves of FIGS. 5 and 6 are provided in the end plate 2a of the fixed scroll 2 so as to communicate with the passage 51 an opening 81 having a larger diameter than the passage 51, and the inner side of the opening 81. The valve body 71 has a disk-shaped valve body 71 and a snap ring 100 having a hole 99. The valve body 71 usually has a pressure difference between the discharge chamber 11 and the suction chamber 44. When the pressure of the suction chamber 43 rises abnormally, the valve body 71 is pushed up by the seed surface 52 of the passage 51, and the pressure of the suction chamber 43 is increased by the passage 51 and the opening. Through the 81, it exits to the discharge chamber 11. According to this, it can be built in the end plate 2a of the fixed scroll 2, and the space for attaching the valve can be easily secured.

In the valve of FIG. 7, the cylinder 82 having a larger diameter than the passage 51 and the passage 51 are orthogonal to the end plate 2a of the fixed scroll 2 so as to communicate with the passage 51. In the cylinder 82, a piston-type valve body 72 and a snap ring 101 having a hole 99 are provided. The passage 51 is pressed against the seat surface 52 of the 51 to close the passage 51. When the pressure in the suction chamber 43 rises abnormally, the valve body 72 is pushed up and the pressure in the suction chamber 43 is increased by the passage 51. And the discharge chamber 11 through the passage 53.

According to this, since the valve body 72 is formed in the piston type, the slide of a valve body will be ensured.

The valve of FIG. 8 uses the ball-shaped valve body 73 in the cylinder 83 instead of the piston type valve body of the valve shown in FIG. 7, and the valve body 73 makes the seat surface 54 by a differential pressure. )). According to this, the movement of the valve body becomes easier and certain.

The valve of FIG. 9 fits the spring 110 between the valve body 72 and the snap ring 101 having the hole 99 in the valve shown in FIG. The pressing on the sheet surface 52 is performed by the pressure difference and the spring force of the spring 110.

Moreover, in the valve of FIG. 10, in the valve shown in FIG. 8, the valve body 73 is inserted by the pressure difference and the spring force of the spring 111 by inserting the spring 111 between the valve body 73 and the snap ring 102. Is pressed against the sheet surface 54 of the passage 51.

11 to 14 show examples in which passages and valves are installed in different positions.

11, the channel | path 53 and the valve 60 are provided in the side wall 2c which forms the suction chamber 43 of the end plate 2a of the fixed scroll 2. As shown in FIG. According to this, the range which takes the position of the channel | path 53 of the suction chamber 43 becomes wider. 12, the passages 53, 55 and the cylinder 84 are formed in the flange portion 2G at the lower side of the side wall which forms the suction chamber 43 of the end plate 2a of the fixed scroll 2. As shown in FIG. And a snap ring 103 having a hole 104 for crimping the piston valve body 74 in the cylinder 84 by the spring 112 and supporting the spring 112.

According to this, if liquid or oil accumulates at the bottom in the suction chamber 43, the opening position of the passage 53 is low, so extraction is easy.

13 shows a passage 56 and a valve 60 for communicating the suction chamber 43 into the back pressure chamber on the rear side of the swing scroll to the end plate 1a forming the suction chamber 43 in the swing scroll 1. This is an example of installation.

According to this, since the passage 56 is opened downward through the end plate 1a of the revolving scroll, the liquid or oil can be extracted more quickly.

14 shows the lead valve type valve 60 on the side wall of the end plate 2a of the fixed scroll 2 and at the same time the inner wall surface 261 of the gap 26 and the side wall surface 201 of the fixed scroll 2. ) To narrow the gap. When the lead valve 61 is opened in a dotted line, the front end 611 is in contact with the inner wall surface 261 of the gap 26 to adjust the opening degree of the valve.

That is, the inner wall surface 261 serves as a stop for adjusting the opening degree of the valve.

Moreover, in this invention, when a valve uses the valve of the structure which presses the valve body by the spring force of a compression spring, it is also possible to open a passage to the low pressure side.

Next, the operation of the scroll compressor of the present invention will be described.

The operating state of the scroll compressor shown in FIG. 1 is in a stopped state. During operation of the scroll compressor, the non-return valve 32 is pushed up by the spring 31 to close the passage. The pressure of the suction chamber 43 in this state is equal to or slightly higher than the pressure of the low compression including the evaporator 40. When the scroll compressor is driven in such a state, the swing scroll 1 pivots by a motor through the crankshaft 7, and the gas in the suction chamber 43 is sucked into the compression chamber and compressed and discharged from the discharge hole 10. It discharges into the discharge chamber 11. When the gas in the suction chamber 43 is sequentially filled into the compression chamber 9, the pressure in the suction chamber 43 is lowered and lower than the pressure in the suction pipe 23 on the low pressure side bounded by the non-return valve 32. The passage prevents the non-return valve 32 pushed up by the spring 31 by the differential pressure to open the passage. During operation, the gas is sucked in sequence with the passage fully open in this way. The high-temperature, high-pressure gas, which is compressed and discharged into the discharge chamber 11, contains oil and flows into the compartment in which the motor is stored via the passage 44. The motor generates heat by rotation, and becomes a temperature higher than the gas temperature. Therefore, it cools by contact with gas. The oil contained in the gas is separated by the gas being brought into contact with a motor or the like, and accumulated in the oil pool at the bottom of the sealed container, while the gas having less oil is introduced into the condenser 42 through the discharge pipe 36. Heat dissipates and liquefies by exchanging heat with outside air. The liquefied refrigerant is then expanded under reduced pressure by the expansion valve 41, becomes a gas of low temperature and low pressure, flows into the evaporator 40, cools the air or the like, and performs a cooling operation. After the cooling operation, the gas is again sucked into the scroll compressor through the suction pipe 23 and compressed again.

On the other hand, the lubricating oil sucks the lubricating oil 35 from the oil supply unit 28 by the pressure difference between the discharge pressure in the sealed container and the pressure in the back pressure chamber 17 generated by the operation, and the oil holes 19, 30 and Oil is supplied to the upper and lower main bearings 18 and 14 via the oil passages 19a and 20a and to the swing bearing 8. The oil lubricating each bearing portion is accumulated in the back pressure chamber 17, but is led to the compression chamber 9 having a low pressure from the back pressure chamber 17 through the through hole 18 communicating with the compression chamber 9. It is compressed with gas and discharged.

When the operation of the compressor is stopped in the above operation process, the discharge of the compressed gas is stopped, and on the contrary, it tries to flow back to the low pressure side. However, since the operation is stopped and the suction of the gas stops, the pressure in the suction pipe 23 on the low pressure side and the pressure in the suction chamber 43 become equal, so that the spring 31 extends and the backflow check valve 32 Push up to close the passage. The pressure balance in the suction chamber 43 and the suction pipe 23 is obtained at the same time as the operation stops, and the time until the operation of the compressor is stopped and the check valve is operated to close the passage is very short.

Therefore, even if the discharge gas flows into the suction chamber 43, there is no reverse flow to the low pressure side of the freezing cycle, each compression chamber is maintained in the discharge gas state in a short time, and the turning scroll 1 does not rotate in reverse. In addition, the amount of lubricating oil flowing into the compression chamber 9 from the through hole 18 is extremely small, the lubricating oil of the oil pool is not reduced, and the amount of lubricating oil for restarting cows is sufficiently secured.

However, if the power connection to the compressor is operated in a wrong state, the turning scroll reverses and conversely, the gas sucked from the discharge hole 10 is pushed into the suction chamber 43. Since the non-return valve 32 is installed at the inlet side of the suction chamber 43, the suction chamber 43 becomes a sealed space in a suction stop state and is checked by the gas press-fitted by reverse rotation. The pressure in) increases. When the pressure in the suction chamber 43 becomes abnormally high in this manner, the valve 60 and the valve bodies 71, 72, 73, and 74 operate to discharge the high pressure gas in the suction chamber 43 to the discharge chamber 11. ) And the back pressure chamber 17 or the low pressure side, to prevent the occurrence of excessive load.

If the valve 60 is not present, the lap is damaged due to an excessive load on the lap wall partitioning both compartments due to an increase in the pressure difference between the suction chamber 43 and the compartment adjacent to the suction chamber.

Since the present invention has the configuration as described above, it is possible to prevent the reverse flow of gas when the operation is stopped, so that there is no noise caused by the reverse rotation of the turning scroll, and there is no outflow of the lubricant to the low pressure side. It is possible to prevent accidental damage. In addition, even if the turning scroll is reversed by mistake, the abnormal pressure rise in the suction chamber can be reliably prevented. As a result, the wrap does not exert excessive load on the winding end, and there is no fear that the wrap will be damaged.

Claims (6)

It is equipped with a turning scroll and a fixed scroll made of a vortex-shaped wrap upright on the end plate and the end plate, and the two scrolls are assembled with the laps facing each other inward, and the space formed by each lap and the end plate is moved in the direction of the center of the scroll. A scroll compressor for reducing both its volume and relatively moving both scrolls to compress and discharge the gas, the scroll compressor having a suction chamber on the outside of the compression chamber formed by the double scroll, for introducing gas into the suction chamber. When the suction passage is connected, the suction passage has a non-return valve for preventing the backflow of gas, and a space communicating with the suction chamber is provided through the passage, and when the pressure in the suction chamber abnormally rises in the passage. A valve which operates to lower the pressure in the suction chamber at a downstream side of the non-return valve. The scroll compressor that. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the valve is a lead valve closed by a pressure difference between the discharge pressure chamber and the suction chamber during normal operation, and is provided at the discharge pressure chamber side opening end of the passage provided through the end plate of the fixed scroll. . 2. The valve according to claim 1, wherein the valve is a lead valve closed by a pressure difference between the suction chamber and the suction chamber during the normal operation and the pressure difference between the suction chamber and the suction chamber. Scroll compressor, characterized in that installed. The fixed valve of claim 1, wherein the valve is a slide valve or a ball valve closed by a pressure difference between the discharge chamber and the suction chamber during normal operation, and is built in the end plate of the fixed scroll to open and close a passage provided through the end plate of the fixed scroll. Scroll compressor, characterized in that. The end plate of the fixed scroll according to claim 1, wherein the valve is a slide valve or a ball valve which is closed by a pressure difference and a spring force between the discharge chamber and the suction chamber during normal operation, and opens and closes a passage provided through the end plate of the fixed scroll. Scroll compressor, characterized in that built in. The scroll compressor according to claim 2, wherein a stopper for limiting the opening degree of the lead valve when the lead valve is opened is formed as an inner wall of the sealed container.