KR860001204B1 - Tissue conductivity based e.s.u.control system - Google Patents

Abstract

An electro-surgical-unit(ESU) control system for automatic acquisition of urethral affected parts uses the fact that the conductivity of tissue is varied according to affection. It comprises an electrical probe detecting the conductivity of the tissue, a peak detector detecting peak input current a phase shifter shifting input current phase laggingly rather than initial one to generate control pulse, a comparator comparing shifted current to initial one, a sample-hold circuit storing data, a A/D converter, a PIO circuit interfacing CPU and peripheral device, and a microprocessor analyzing and processing the input data.

Description

Electrosurgical unit control system based on organizational conductivity

1 is a simplified cross-sectional view of the prostate;

2 is a schematic diagram of the entire system.

3 is a schematic diagram of a control system.

4 is a schematic diagram of a peak detector and a summation circuit.

5 is a schematic diagram of a phase changer and a comparator.

6 is a schematic diagram of a sample / hold circuit and an A / D converter.

7 is a schematic diagram of a parallel input / output (PIO) circuit.

8 is a schematic diagram of a peripheral device and an alarm circuit.

9 is a schematic diagram of a central processing unit (CPU), a read only memory (ROM), a constant speed call memory (RAM) and a clock generator.

10 is a schematic diagram of a keyboard / indicator controller, driver, and indicator.

11 is a flow chart of the control program.

12 and 13 are circuit diagrams of embodiments of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: capsule 2: adenoma

3: fat IC1... … IC5: Operational Amplifier

IC6: voltage follower IC7, R16... … R19

C8... … C10: phase changer IC8: comparator

IC10, R23... … R25 and C15: A / D Converter

IC15... … IC21: Interfacing Circuit IC20: Alarm Circuit

IC21: Voice Amplifier

IC25a, IC25b, R39, R40, C26 and Mercury Oscillators: Clock Generators

IC30, IC31: current driving device.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrosurgical unit (E.S.U.) control circuit, and more particularly to a circuit using a current probe to variously use an E.S.U. output current under different load conditions. The microprocessor processes the input current and then controls the cutting device, or NiCr loop.

In surgeon training, it takes about four years for a trained surgeon to learn Trans Urethral Resection (TUR). Using the control system to perform prostatectomy will shorten the training period and make the surgery safer than ever before.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an automatic acquisition system that allows surgeons to perform prostatectomy more safely and completely than ever before. The basic principle of the control system is that different tissues have different resistances and conductivity changes. E.S.U.output power varies according to load variety. Different conductivity changes load during prostatectomy.

The above and other objects of the present invention are achieved by providing an apparatus for serially providing a microprocessor control relay between E.S.U. and a load, i. The current probe is connected to the input of the peak detector for sensing current. A peak detector connected to the phase shifter detects the peak current of the input current. The level detector is directly connected to the output of the peak detector and the output of the phase detector and generates a control signal of the sample / hold circuit to stably sample and retain the data. The stable data converted by the A / D converter is converted into digital bytes for processing the microprocessor. The PIO circuit connected between the CPU and the A / D converter buffers the output of the A / D converter to the CPU and supplies sufficient current to drive the alarm circuit and the relay. The data bus of the read-only memory connected to the CPU accumulates a control program providing a control operation. The keyboard and indicator are connected to the controller. The CPU responds to data processing, keybodo scans, and indicator scans.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 to 13, an embodiment of an E.S.U. control circuit for controlling E.S.U. is shown. In the embodiment of Figure 2, the relay is connected in series between the output of E.S.U. and the cutting device, i.e. the NiCr loop. The E.S.U.load (ie, the prostate adenoma) is connected to the E.S.U. Current probes, on the other hand, are attached near the surface of the output to allow E.S.U. to generate and deliver various output currents to the microprocessor control unit. The microprocessor handles the E.S.U.'s output currents in a variety of ways and controls the relay's ON / OFF. In other words, the on / off of the E.S.U. is controlled by the microprocessor control unit according to the load variety as described below, with different conductivity changing the load during the use of the E.S.U. during prostatectomy.

During the surgeon's prostatectomy, E.S.U.'s loops come into contact with distilled water, adenoma, encapsulation and some fat inside the prostate. The embodiment of FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view that simply shows the prostate. Around this prostate is a fibrous elastic coating (1) consisting of reticulated fibrous tissue and containing some electrolyte, and inside the coating, a non-uniform, soft, fluffy tissue is an adenoma (2) containing many electrolytes. The dense structure of the large particles is fat (3). E.S.U.output power can vary according to load variety. Since the tissues are different, different inclusions will change density and conductivity. The resistance of the dense fibrous elastic film containing some electrolytes is large. The resistance of fats containing some electrolytes is also great. On the other hand, the resistance of loose, uneven and fluffy tissue containing many electrolytes is small. Different conductivity results in a change in load during prostatectomy. In other words, it can be seen that muscle tissue is excised according to the diversity of the output power of E.S.U.

Referring to FIG. 1 where the NiCr loop inside the prostate enters the adenoma, the resistance between the NiCr loop and the coating is considerably smaller than others such as NiCr-film / NiCr-fat. Equivalent resistive wires connected in parallel between the NiCr loop and the film (according to the negative law that parallel connected resistors reduce the overall resistance) are not limited. In other words, the output power of E.S.U. is large when the resistance of the ship type is small and the conductivity is large. In addition, the sense current of the current probe also becomes large. On the contrary, the output power of E.S.U. becomes small when the resistance of the film is large and the conductivity is small, and the sensing current of the current probe is also small. Therefore, the present invention can automatically distinguish the input current into a line type state or a film state. When the NiCr loop touches the coating, the alarm system is turned on and shuts off the output power of the E.S.U. Therefore, the use of a control system increases safety during prostatectomy and shortens the training period of the surgeon (shortening the surgical time). In other words, the use of a control system increases the stability of prostatectomy, shortens the surgeon's training period, and moreover, if the surgeon uses an ESU and the control system, the prostatectomy can be completely flawless. Will be.

The control system will be described with reference to the embodiment of FIG. 3 in which the entire system is shown in a schematic diagram. Current probes are used to take various output currents. The peak detector detects the level of the input current drawn from the current probe. The phase shifters shift the input current phase later than the initial current to generate a control pulse, and compare them with each other during the peak period. The comparator compares the current before and after the phase and the initial current. The sample / hold circuit holds data that is stable for use in a microprocessor. The A / D converter converts an analog signal into a digital signal for analog-to-digital conversion. Parallel input / output (PIO) circuitry interfaces the CPU and peripherals. The central processing unit (CPU-microprocessor) performs logic operations and processes and analyzes data to control the necessary devices. The read only memory (ROM) accumulates a fixed control sequence (software). The constant speed call memory (RAM) stores temporary data that can be changed at any time. The keyboard / indicator controller looks at the keyboard and indicator, encodes it into binary data for use in a microprocessor, and encodes this binary data into seven segment representations. The indicator displays the parameters. The keyboard enters these parameters into the microprocessor.

The peak detector and summing circuit shown in FIG. 4 includes five operational amplifier ICs. IC5 is included. IC1 and IC2 are buffers with very large impedances to increase the S / N ratio. The positive signal passes through IC1, the negative signal passes through IC2, and IC3 and IC4 amplify this signal to some level.

The phase changer and comparator shown in FIG. Contains IC8. Voltage follower IC6 isolates the input signal from the phase changer. Phase shifters are IC7 and R16... R19 and C8... Include C10 and shift the input signal phase slightly later than the initial stage. IC8 is a comparator and compares a phase shift signal with an input signal.

6 shows a sample / holding circuit and an analog / digital converter (A / D converter), wherein pin 2 of IC9 is a sampling control pin. Capacitor C14 holds the sampling signal until the signal is stable, and then the A / D converter converts the signal into binary data. IC10, R23... R25 and C15 constitute an A / D converter. The converter converts analog signals into 8-bit binary data for use in microprocessors.

The parallel input / output (PIO) circuit shown in FIG. 7 includes two I / O ports, where port A transfers data from the A / D converter to the CPU, and port B latches the data. Control the output power of ESU on / off and alarm circuit on / off.

The integrated circuit shown in FIG. 8 includes IC15-IC21. IC17 adds the solidification and cleavage signals and IC19 delays this signal. Bits 2 and 3 of the CPU data bus and this signal to be a control signal enable (1) the relay circuit and (2) the alarm circuit. The analog switches IC18a and IC18b are controlled by the solidification and cutting signals of the CPU to generate two sounds. IC19b expands the width of the signal from IC17a so that the relay operates properly. The alarm circuit IC20 sends a signal to the voice amplifier IC21 to drive the speaker. IC19b controls the relay to control the output power of E.S.U.

9 shows a central processing unit, a read only memory, a constant speed call memory and a clock generator circuit. The CPU handles logical operations and transfers data. The control sequence is controlled by a program accumulated in the ROM, and the temporary data is stored in the RAM. The clock generator generates clock pulses for use by the CPU. IC25a and IC25b, resistors R39 and R40, capacitor C26, and crystal oscillator constitute a clock generator. IC26 divides the clock generator's output frequency into low frequencies for use by the CPU.

10 shows a keyboard / indicator controller, wherein IC29 is an integrated circuit designed for keyboard scanning, data encoding and indicator scanning. IC30 and IC31 act as current segment devices for driving seven segment indicators, namely light emitting diodes (LEDs). The seven segment indicators can display parameters in the CPU, and can display programs stored in the ROM and data stored in the RAM.

11 shows the flow chart of the control program, the sequence of which is as follows. (I) Reset the CPU and start all the circuits. (II) Are the parameters fully inserted by the keyboard? (III) If fully drawn, input signal is sampled; otherwise, go to (II). (Ⅳ) Is the parameter the same as the input signal? If it is the same, the alarm circuit is turned on and the output power of E.S.U. is cut off. Otherwise, the output power continues to operate.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, various modifications and changes of the present invention can be made without departing from the principles and background of the present invention.

Claims (4)

In an electrosurgical unit control system based on the conductivity of a tissue having a current probe, a peak detector, a sample / holding circuit, a phase changer, a level detector (comparator) and an alarm circuit and a relay controlled by a microprocessor system. In addition, a device for detecting current from the ESU with a current probe, or for detecting voltage and resistance from the ESU with other devices, and adenoids composed of many electrolytes are loose, less resistant, and less dense tissue (film) When the resistance becomes large, when the NiCr loop touches the line type, the current probe induces a high level current, when the film touches the film, the induced current becomes small, and when the threshold value of the two induced current levels is preset, the control system becomes 2 The two tissues are distinguished from each other and when they touch the membrane, the microprocessor turns off the output power and alarms of the Electro-surgical unit control system based on the conductivity of the tissue characterized in that the key comprises a device responsive to the rule. The current probe is connected to the peak detector and responds to detecting a signal coming from the output of the electrosurgical unit, when the load changes, the output power of the electrosurgical unit changes and the induced current sensed by the current probe changes, and these changes are An electric surgery unit control circuit, characterized in that it is known by a processor system. 4. The operational amplifier of claim 2, wherein the peak detector is connected to the four op amps connected to the non-inverting and inverting inputs of the summing op amp, the summing op amp to the buffer op amp after the phase shifter op amp, and to the comparator op amp; And a device responsive to generating a control signal of the sample / hold circuit. 4. A microprocessor control unit as claimed in claim 1, 2 and 3, wherein the microprocessor control unit is configured to process a central processing unit, a read only memory, a constant speed call memory, a clock generator frequency divider and the data and to turn the relay and alarm circuits on and off. Electrosurgical unit control system based on the conductivity of the tissue, characterized in that it comprises a parallel input / output device for controlling.

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