KR850000523B1 - Long nose locking pliers - Google Patents

Abstract

The pliers has a pair of opposing jaws (42,44) a fixed handle (12) and a movable handle (18). Each jaw has a face having a total jaw length to average jaw height ratio of from about 6.5 to about 8.5 with a through jaw hardness range of from about 53 to about 57 Rockwell C, and made of an alloy spring steel. The jaws have a nominal parallel opening when they are spaced approximately 3/16 inch, thereby enabling the jaws to clamp a workpiece upto 3/16 inch- thick with parallel jaw faces by flexing to the parallel condition when closed and returning to their original unstressed state when released of clamping pressure.

Description

Long nose locking plier

1 is a side view of a long nose fixed plier with an embodiment of the present invention having a nominal parallel opening size of 3/16 ''.

2 is an exploded perspective view of the grip jaw portion.

3 is a plan view taken along line 3-3 of FIG.

4 is a partial side view of the grip jaw.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

10: long nose fixed pliers 12: handle

14,16 gripper 18: handle

20: toggle link 24: adjusting screw

28: release lever 34: straight portion

36: curved portion 42, 44: gripping jaw surface

50: axis 52: axis

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a manual stationary tool such as a locking plier, and more particularly to an adjustable type long nose fixed plier using a locking toggle.

Conventionally, all fixed pliers and wrenches have the same size or “bit mouth” gripper for common use, even though the tool's nominal total length varies from small to large, eg 5-10 inches. It was a form. Moreover, other special types of manual gripping tools effectively hold workpieces such as c-type gripping jaws, straight gripping jaws, curved gripping jaws tweezer-type gripping jaws, flat plate gripping jaws for sheet methane work, welding clamp pie jaws or pipes. To this end, various gripping jaws modified such as movable gripping jaws connected with chain gripping means are used.

The following U.S. patents are representative of fixed tools in the art using various types of gripping jaws, and are generally composed of handles that include a form of toggle operation to fix the workpiece between a pair of gripping jaws of a fixed pliers or a fixed wrench. do.

Among these patents, the patents for patents are the pioneering patents of manual fixing tools of counterparts commercialized for several years by Petersen Menu Manufacturing Company, 68341 Dewitt, Nebraska, USA. The 1981 General Catalog contains detailed instructions for the various fixed pliers and hand-held tools, designated as the Petersen trademark "Vise-Crip".

In addition to the conventional patents mentioned above, the following US patents show more common pliers.

Flyers used extensively in the electronics and computer industry in recent years include pages 105 and 110 of the Long Nose, Needle Nose, Curved Needle Nose and Proto Tool Catalogs, and the Sears Kline Toll Catalog. There are other specialized pliers shown and mentioned on page 12 of the Mathias Klein Tool catalog.

Known as long nose fixed pliers is US Pat. No. 3,600,986. This hand-held tool is also known as Lever Wrench, a trademark of Levirage Tools Inc. of 68941 Glenville, Nebraska, USA. This prior art lever laser tool (model # 1-8) is a self-regulating long-nose toggle plier that is difficult to manipulate and more difficult to adjust to the required pressure. Furthermore, the lever wrench does not open immediately when the movable lever is pushed out to fix the tool, and the lever handle must be pushed out significantly before the grip jaw actually begins to open, which is a significant momentum loss. It's awkward and scary to use as a fixed plier, with the user's hands too far apart. Another drawback of the rebar wrench is the hardness problem: the core is hard and only the thin skin is hard. Typical hardness of the gripping jaw surface of Longnose fixed pliers is approximately 58-60 Rockwell Class C with an outer shell of up to about 0.005 inches. Core hardness ranges from approximately 28-30 Rockwell Class C. Although the outer shell shows the proper hardness for the long-nose fixed pliers, the use of inferior steel is basically a gripper that is deflected to the outside when the workpiece is held under considerable pressure, which is excessively curved and is permanently fixed without elasticity. The jaws do not return to their original shape or state, even if used within the elastic limits of the steel in which this action is used.

One of the main drawbacks of the above mentioned fastening tools is that they are generally constructed for versatile use and that their structures, in particular the shape of the grip jaw, are too blunt and short for use in narrow places or for complex work. The unique new Longnose fixed pliers can apply the required pressure to small and weak objects such as jewelry, electronics, small springs and cotafins with the fingertips.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved long nose fixing plier that can overcome all the drawbacks of conventional fixing tools. Another object of the present invention is to provide a long-nose fixed pliers having a pair of gripping jaws that are elastically recovered and released slightly when they are released under a long pressure within a range not exceeding the elastic limit of the metal tool.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a long nose fixed pliers made of steel, which is appropriately maintained in hardness. Another object of the present invention is to provide a long nose fixed pliers that can be used to grip or bend a nail in a narrow space. It is another object of the present invention to provide a long nose fixed plier in which the steel used provides the required flexibility to the gripping jaw and exhibits an improved size ratio and a suitable hardness range.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a long nose fixed plier made of oil-curable spring and tool steel having a relatively high content of silicon and manganese.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a long nose fixed pliers having a flexible ratio expressed as a function of gripping jaw total length to gripping jaw average height. It is still another object of the present invention to provide a long nose fixed pliers having a flexible ratio expressed as a function of the total length of the straight teeth of the gripping jaw relative to the average gripping jaw. These and other objects of the present invention are achieved by a long-nose fixing plier having a pair of gripping jaws, fixed and movable handles, and lever fixing means therebetween for maintaining a toggle relationship between gripping jaws in a closed state. . Here, each gripping jaw has a gripping jaw surface structure in which the ratio of gripping jaw total length to gripping jaw average height is about 6.5-11.5, and the hardness range of the gripping jaw is about 53-57 Rockwell class C and the gripping jaw Is made of alloy springs and tool steel with an open range of approximately 1/4 inch or less for gripping the workpiece between parallel gripping jaws.

In addition, an object of the present invention is a long handle consisting of a pair of grip jaw, a fixed handle having a control screw and a movable handle, and the lever fixing means interposed therebetween to maintain a toggle relationship between the grip jaw surface of the grip jaw in the closed state Achieved by the nose fixed pliers. Wherein the fixing handle has a straight surface and has an axis passing through the equator plane which defines the direction of the line of force applied to the hand tool, and when the pair of gripping jaws are closed with respect to the workpiece held therebetween, A bisector formed by the angle of the grip jaw is defined when the workpiece is held in between, and the angle between the axes is about 5 ° or less when the tip of the grip jaw is closed.

Referring to the present invention in more detail by the accompanying drawings as follows.

As shown in FIG. 1, the long nose fixed pliers 10 also include a handle 12 and a lower grip jaw 14 that is a movable gripping member. The handle 12 is formed with an upper gripping jaw 16 that is a fixed gripping member. The toggle device is composed of a handle 18 and a pin-22, a toggle link member 20, one end of which is built up. The other free end (shown in phantom) of the toggle link member 20 is connected to the handle 12, in particular the control end of the adjustment screw 24, which is appropriately screwed to the end of the handle 12 (also shown in phantom). Engage with. It is preferable that the front end of the handle 18 is bisected, and the edge of the movable gripping member, ie, the lower gripping jaw 14, is properly arranged in the bisected portion with the pivot pin 19. In addition, the handle 12 is preferably in the form of a channel, and the other edge portion of the lower gripping jaw 14 is inserted and the lower gripping jaw is fixed to the pivot pin 17.

The spring 26 of the coil spring type is interposed between the handle 12 and the lower gripping jaw 14 so that the lower gripping jaw 14 opens away from the fixed gripping member, that is, the upper gripping jaw, when the gripping jaw is opened. .

The lengthened release lever 28 is arranged on the inside of the handle 18 by a pin 30 and has a forwardly extending portion (shown in phantom) and a toggle link member extending toward the handle 18 ( It is possible to engage with the protruding portion 32 of 20. When the release lever 28 is rotated about the pin 30, the handle 12 is opened from the other handle 18.

Except for the long nose grip jaw, the wrench or stationary pliers structure and the toggle structure described herein are basically the same as those described in US Pat. No. 1,489,458.

The structure and function of the release lever are also described in detail in US Pat. No. 3,192,804. As described in these Paterson patents, the closing of the stationary wrench or pliers cooperating with the toggle device is achieved by moving the movable handle 18 to the stationary handle 12 side. By this movement, the upper end of the toggle link member 20 is pressed to move inward toward the handle 12. In addition, the pivot pin 22 also moves inward, and when the pivot pin goes beyond the center, the pliers are fixed in the closed state.

In FIGS. 2-4, each gripping jaw 14, 16 has an inverse new improvement with a front straight portion 34 having transverse teeth and similarly transverse teeth at the rear portion of the gripping jaw. It consists of the curved part 36. The lower human body 38 constituting a conventional wire cutter is located inside the working surface of the movable grip jaw 14, and all of the upper parts 40 are placed inside the working surface of the fixed grip jaw 16. Located. As is known, the human body 38 is inclined at both sides. At the distal end of the gripping jaws 14 and 16, suitable gripping means 46 are formed in the form of a lowlet of about 1 / 4-1 / 2 inch in length instead of transverse teeth. The new improved curved shape of the gripping jaw is designed to hold polygonal bodies such as hexagon nuts and bolt heads, and the opposite surface can be engaged with the entire surface of the polygonal body so that nuts or bolt heads can be firmly gripped. Figure 4 shows the inverted bent portion of the new improved portion formed along the arc showing the radius of the dashed line.

For a more complete understanding of the curved gripping jaw, see US Pat. No. 2,563,267, which is incorporated by reference in the prior art.

As shown most clearly in FIGS. 2 and 3, the gripping jaw surfaces 42 and 44 are wider than the passive body of the gripping jaws 14 and 16, with the narrowest portion of each gripping surface 42 and 44. It is slightly inclined from the widest portion at the end of the new improvement portion 36 to form a narrow gripping jaw tip 46 at the end of. Preferably the width or grip jaw thickness at the tip is about 1/8 inch and the base is about 5/16 inch, as for example in the case of a medium-length long nose fixed pliers having a nominal total length of 6 inches.

In addition, the grip jaw has a nominal distance of about 1/16 inch in a parallel state as shown by the virtual line in FIG. It is preferable that these holding jaw surfaces 42 and 44 be straight when the openings are about 1-1 / 4 inch in length (total length is about 1-3 / 4 inch). When used as a medium-long long-nose fixed pliers of 3/16 inches or less used when handling or installing, pulling or bending pins, wires, keys, etc., when pulling fishing hooks or cutting spring steel wires or mono-filament windings, etc. At about 3/16 inches of nominal spacing, they are parallel. In addition, extremely small parts can be gripped by the flat part of the gripping jaw. On the contrary, when the gripping jaw is almost parallel and the conventional long-nose pliers that use simple flat scissors when gripping parts between the gripping jaws are used as the tip of the gripping jaw, Only can be gripped. The grip jaw is openly adjusted about 2-1 / 4 inches at its tip and is opened up to 1 inch at its base. However, for workpieces larger than 3/16 inches, the gripping surface of the medium-long long-nose fixed pliers cannot be parallel when the workpiece is held between them, but in the present invention, the nominal parallel opening size is about 1/4 inch. Large long nose fixed pliers can be used.

The gripping jaw of the present invention is a nominal parallel opening size where the size of the workpiece is possible, so that the parallel base is maintained when held therebetween. Therefore, even if it is a very small part of 1/16 inch or less, regardless of the size of the long nose fixed pliers, when the gripping jaw grips the part, the narrow end of the gripping jaw is bent or shot to the thickness of the part so that the gripping jaw is parallel. The parts are firmly held in the state. The long nose grip jaw is formed so that the grip jaw is fixed and imparts elasticity that can be maintained in parallel when the workpiece is pressed. The elasticity imparted to the gripping jaw causes the gripping jaw to stick to the held workpiece. Thus, substantially parallel opening between the holding jaws is made according to the thickness of the part. Of course, as already mentioned, effectively parallel opening the grip jaw from a nominal parallel opening size of 3/32, 3/16 or 1/4 inch means that if a workpiece larger than the nominal parallel opening size is gripped, Since parallelism cannot be made, it can only be obtained with experience at small size.

Therefore, the long nose grip jaws are critical in their structure and their shape is important. Each grip jaw has a ratio of the total length (Lt) of the grip jaw to the average height (Ha) of the grip jaw and is about 6.5-11.5. The jaw hardness ranges from Rockwell Class C hardness of approximately 53-57 and is of alloy steel having the required strength and toughness properties with the necessary flexibility. The average height Ha of the grip jaw is the average of the minimum height at the tip and the height at the straight teeth adjacent to the curved portion 36. FIG. 2 shows the relative size of the grip in detail. In the case of the nose fixed pliers, the ratio of the straight portion Lst to the average grip height Ha is about 4.5-6.5.

The ratio of the gripping jaw straight line length (Lst) to the gripping jaw average height (Ht) is in the range of about 5-6, but most preferably about 5.5. In such a medium-length long nose fixed pliers, the average height (Ha) The ratio of the total length (Lt) of the grip jaw to) is in the range of about 7-8, but the best ratio is about 7.5.

For any Longnose fixed pliers, the higher grip jaw hardness ranges from Rockwell Class C hardness of approximately 54-55 and oil-hardened alloy springs with higher content of silicon and manganese than other carbon or alloy tools. If the Rockwell hardness is 53 or less, the steel is too soft and will break if it is 57 or more.

As shown in FIG. 1, the fixed handle has a strike surface (straight plane portion of the adjusting screw 24 having the lower end) and an axis passing through the strike surface defining the direction of the force applied to the fixed pliers. Has 50.

This axis 50 passes through the center line of the adjusting screw 24 from the gripping tip or short side of the fixed gripping jaw surface, for example, the force exerted on the tool if the head of the adjusting screw 24 is hit with a hammer. Determine the line of. The axis passing the straight strike surface is at an angle of about 87 ° -93 ° with the straight strike surface and the axis passes through the gripping tip or short side of the fixed gripping jaw surface. The other axis 52 determines the bisector formed at the angle of the grip jaw when the workpiece is gripped. In the long-nose fixed pliers of the present invention, the angle α between the two axes is about 5 ° or less when the gripping tip of the gripping jaw is closed. At such a small angle between these two axes, a nail such as brad is gripped by its head at the tip of the gripping jaw and along the bisector 52 by simply tapping the head of the adjusting screw 24. Nails can bend easily The line of force of the head strike parallel to the fuselage's fuselage is such that the force is not bent directly on the nail's axis, because the transmitted force is not directed directly to the nail's axis, so that the blow is not directly directed to the nail's axis. When the nail bends, it is on the nail's axis rather than the less effective angle. In addition, in the structure of the small nose fixed pliers, the force is transmitted to the nail on the axis of the nail to bend, so no torque or rotational force is generated.

It will be understood that the elasticity of the gripper decreases as the thickness of the gripper increases. Therefore, most elastic and bending actions occur at the tip of the thinner grip jaw. As such, the flexibility of the grip jaw is a function of the L / H ratio, and the larger the ratio, the greater the constant width and flexibility for the same workpiece. Therefore, it is crucial that the tip of the gripping jaws go and if they are too thick, no bending will occur when the workpiece is held between the gripping jaws (within the nominal parallel opening). On the other hand, the use of an elongated needle-holding jaw has a weak point at its tip and will easily break even at the smallest pressure exerted on the stationary pliers.

Although not critical, it is important that the nominal parallel opening size be greater than 1/4 inch to 3/8 inch or more than 1/2 inch, and the person should be parallel to the workpiece except that it is smaller than the nominal parallel opening size. It is not strong enough to take hold of the holding jaw. And if the nominal parallel opening size is less than 1/4 inch, it is sufficient to hold 1/4 inch or smaller small workpieces in parallel, and most delicate work can be done generally in this low range. As such, the use of long nose fixed pliers is not considered for large workpieces.

The following shows an embodiment (large, medium and small) of the gripping jaw of the present invention long nose fixed pliers.

Lt = 2-3 / 8 inch, Lst = 1-1 / 2 inch, h tip = 1/8 inch, h end = 3/8 inch,

Base or end tooth height = 1/2 inch.

Gripping jaw thickness: 3/16 inch at tip, 3/32 inch at base

Gripping jaw adjustment: Open about 3 inches at the tip and about 1-3 / 4 inches at the base.

Range of Lt / Ha Ratio: 8.0-11.0

Range of Lst / Ha Ratio: 5-7

Nominal parallel opening = 1/4 inch, Length: Nominal 9 inches

Lt = 1-3 / 4 inch, Lst = 1-1 / 4 inch, h tip = 3/32 inch, h end = 3/8 inch

Height of base or end tooth = 7/16 inches.

Gripping jaw thickness: Tip end 1/8 inch Base 5/16 inch

Gripping jaw adjustment: about 2-1 / 4 inches at the tip and about 1 inch at the base.

Range of Lt / Ha Ratio: 6.5-8.5

Range of Lst / Ha Ratio: 4.5-6.5

Length: Nominal 6 inch nominal parallel opening = 3/16 inch

Lt = 1-5 / 16 inch, Lst = 7/8 inch, h tip = 3/64 inch, h end = 1/4 inch

Height of base or end tooth = 9/32 inches

Gripping jaw thickness: 3/32 inch at tip, 7/32 inch at base

Gripping jaw adjustment: about 1-1 / 8 inch at the tip and about 3/4 inch at the base

Range of Lt / Ha Ratio: 7.5-10.5

Range of Lst / Ha Ratio: 5-7

Nominal parallel opening = 3/32 inches Length: Nominal 4-1 / 2 inches

In the practice of the present invention, the nominal length of the long-nose fixed pliers reaches almost 9 inches, so that the teeth of the gripping jaw are 3 / from the tip of the gripping jaw except for the straight portions of the teeth that are curved opposite each other with a radius of about 6 inches. The nearly parallel, holding jaw curve of about 4 inches extends from the end of the convex parallel portion to the newly improved curved portion.

Although the present invention has been described with only the illustrated embodiments for purposes of understanding, it will be understood that various modifications or changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the following claims.

Claims (27)

A long nose fixed plier comprising a pair of gripping jaws, fixed and movable handles, and a lever fixing means interposed therebetween to maintain a toggle relationship between the gripping jaws in a closed state, the gripping jaws being at a gripping jaw average height. The grip jaw total length is about 6.5-11.5 and the grip jaw hardness ranges from Rockwell C grade about 53-57 and is made of alloy spring steel. Long-nose fixed pliers, characterized in that the gripping jaw is closed in the parallel state when the gripping jaw is closed while holding the workpiece and the gripping pressure is released. The long-nose fixed plier of claim 1, wherein the straight pliers and curved portions of the gripping jaw surface and the ratio of the length of the straight portion to the gripping jaw average height are about 4.5-6.5. The long nose fixed plier of claim 1, wherein the gripping jaw surface comprises a transverse teeth. The long nose fixed pliers of claim 1, wherein the gripping jaw comprises a wire cart composed of a blade body and both. The long nose fixed plier of claim 1, wherein each grip jaw surface includes a curved portion. The long nose fixed plier of Claim 5 in which the curved part of the holding | dripping jaw surface consists of an inversion improvement curve part. The long nose fixed plier of claim 1, wherein a release lever is arranged on the movable handle cooperating with the turret bar of the grip jaw to open the grip jaw. 4. The longnose fixed pliers of claim 2 wherein the ratio of straight portion length to gripped mean height is about 5-6. 10. The long nose fixed pliers of claim 8 wherein the ratio of straight part length to gripper mean height is about 5.5. The longnose fixed pliers of claim 1, wherein the ratio of the gripping jaw total length of the medium pliers to the average grip height is about 7-8. The longnose fixed plier of claim 10 wherein the ratio of gripping jaw length to gripping jaw average height is about 7.5 bar. The long nose fixed pliers of claim 1 wherein the grip jaw hardness ranges from approximately 54-55 Rockwell-C hardness. The long-nose fixed plier of claim 3, comprising a rowlet portion at an end of the gripping jaw surface. In the long nose fixed pliers composed of a pair of grip jaw, a fixed handle and a movable handle having a control screw, and a lever fixing means interposed therebetween to maintain a toggle relationship between the grip jaw surface of the grip jaw in the closed state, The holding handle has a straight star strike surface and has an axis passing through the strike surface that determines the direction of the line of force applied to the pliers, wherein the pair of gripping jaws are closed against the workpiece held between them; A moving nose line formed by the angle formed by the jaw is determined, and the angle between the axes is about 5 ° or less when the grip end of the grip jaw is closed. 15. The longnose fixed pliers of claim 14 wherein the gripping jaw has a ratio of total length to gripping jaw average height of about 6.5-11.5 and Rockwell Class C hardness of about 53-57. 16. The long nose fixed plier of claim 15 wherein said grip jaw surface comprises a straight portion and a curved portion, and the ratio of the length of the straight portion to the average grip height is about 4.5-6.5. 17. The longnose fixed pliers of claim 16 wherein the ratio of straight portion length to gripped mean height is about 5-6. 18. The longnose fixed pliers of claim 17 wherein the ratio of straight portion length to gripper mean height is about 5.5. The long nose fixed pliers according to claim 15, wherein the ratio of the gripping jaw total length to the gripping jaw average height is about 7-8 in the case of the medium pliers. 20. The longnose fixed pliers of claim 19 wherein the ratio of total length to gripped mean height is about 7.5. The gripping according to claim 14 wherein the strike surface is straight and forms part of the adjusting screw, wherein an axis passing through the straight strike surface forms an angle of about 87 ° -93 ° with the strike surface and the axis is fixed. Long-nose fixed pliers of bars passing through the gripping tip or end of the jaw face. The longnose fixed pliers of claim 1 wherein the ratio of the total length of the grip jaw to the average height of the grip jaw is about 8-11 in the case of a large plier. The longnose fixed pliers of claim 1 wherein the total length of the grip jaw relative to the average height of the grip jaw in the case of a small plier is about 7.5-10.5. 24. The long nose fixed pliers of claim 22 or 23 wherein the gripping jaw surface comprises a straight portion and a new improved curved portion and the ratio of the length of the straight portion to the gripping jaw average height is about 5-7. The longnose fixed pliers of claim 1 having a nominal parallel opening size of about 3/32 inches in the case of a small pliers. The long nose fixed plier of claim 1, wherein the nominal parallel opening size is about 3/16 inch when in the middle pliers. The long nose fixed pliers of claim 1, wherein the nominal parallel opening size is about one quarter inch when the large pliers are present.

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