KR840002447Y1 - Control circuit for tram car - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Control circuit of battery

The accompanying drawings are circuit diagrams of the subject innovation.

The present invention controls the average value by the time ratio within a certain period by periodically opening and closing the power or voltage, but the DC motor of the storage battery by the PWR and PFM method that changes the current width and frequency of the chopper time ratio. To control the voltage, and to reverse bias the voltage charged in the capacitor by the boosting action according to the increase of the load current to the cathode of the SCR and the combined voltage through the diode and the resistor. In addition to improving the starting safety of the motor, the switching SCR is controlled by the contactless control method to reverse the polarity of the field coil of the DC motor, so that forward and reverse switching can be effectively and quickly performed. Regenerative braking is possible because the voltage charged in the capacitor of the motor switching control circuit is returned to the counter electromotive force through the diode. In addition, the reverse bias voltage is applied to each switching SCR during forward and reverse switching to turn off the switching SCR. In addition, the present invention relates to a control circuit of a battery tank that detects when the DC motor is overloaded, overheated, or overcurrent, and detects the DC motor speed control circuit to prevent accidents in the shaft.

Conventionally, the control device of a battery tank adopts a variable resistance control device and adopts a mechanical contact method. Therefore, arcing occurs at each contact point during operation, which may cause burnout of the contact point. In addition, there has been a drawback that the risk of explosion is very large due to the contact with the combustible gas generated in the mine such as coal mine due to the arc phenomenon during operation, which causes a safety accident.

The present invention is to solve the conventional drawbacks, the DC motor power supply for controlling the voltage of the DC motor according to the output of the DC motor speed control circuit and the DC motor speed control circuit and the forward and reverse contact drive Reverse bias voltages for positive and reverse switching SCR groups provided with a vacuum relay and operated by operation of the vacuum relay, and for forward and reverse switching or reverse, forward and reverse switching, neutral, and forward and reverse switching SCR groups. DC motor switching control circuit part composed of SCR group for supplying power, overcurrent sensing circuit part, and starter, operation, forward and reverse switching etc. It is possible to improve the safety of battery cell operation by preventing the risk of burnout or flammable gas explosion by eliminating arcing by the contact during operation. At the same time to prevent accidents due to flammable gas explosion and overcurrent in advance, it will be described in detail by the accompanying drawings as follows.

That is, the DC motor speed control circuit 1, the DC motor power supply 2 for controlling the voltage of the DC motor according to the output of the DC motor speed control circuit 1, and the forward and reverse contact points. vacuum relay (Fry) for driving, with a (Rry), and a vacuum relay (Fry), (Rry) defined to run through the operation, the reversing switch _{(SCR ₃), (SCR ₄} ), (SCR 5), Reverse bias voltage is applied to (SCR ₆ ), forward and reverse switching, reverse and forward switching, or neutral, forward and reverse switching (SCR _₃ ), (SCR _₄ ), (SCR ₅ ) and (SCR ₆ ). switching (SCR _7), sikidoe consisting of (SCR ₈₎ DC Motor switching control agents portion 3 and the over-current detecting unit (4) consisting of a DC Motor speed control circuit (1) for supplying a diode (D ₁ ), the pulse generator power supply and deadman switch (SW ₂ ), the resistor (R ₁ ) and the zener diode (ZD ₁ ) to show a constant static pressure, but the pulse generator power supply and deadman In parallel with the switch SW ₂ , the resistor R ₂ and the relay RY interlock switch SW ₃ are connected in series, and the constant voltage is connected to the resistor R ₃ , the variable resistor VR ₁ , and the diode ( A PFM circuit for varying the pulse frequency by being applied to the emitter of the Unijunction Transistor (UJT ₁ ) through D ₂ ), but the variable connected in parallel with the resistor (R ₃ ) and the variable resistor (VR ₁ ). resistor (VR ₂₎ synthesizing the voltage across the resistance were charged in a capacitor (C _1), according to the number of the voltage of the charged capacitor (C ₁₎ and, due to the discharge of the combined resistance value of the time constant of the uni-junction transistor Trigger pulses are generated at both ends of the resistor R ₄ connected to the base B ₁ side of the UJT ₁ and input to the input terminal of the monostable multivibrator IC, and the zener diode ZD ₂ and the variable resistor ( P for changing the pulse width as time constant of the variable resistor (VR ₃ ) and the capacitor (C ₂ ) operating in conjunction with VR ₁ ). By constructing the WM circuit, the pulse through the output (Q) of the monostable multivibrator (IC) causes two stages of amplification through the resistor (R ₅ ), the transistors (TR ₁ ), and (TR ₂ ), The current amplification according to the transistor TR ₃ is connected to the gate of the juice switching SCR ₁ of the DC motor power supply 2, and the output of the monostable multivibrator IC Pulse through the resistor (R ₆ ) and transistor (TR ₄ ) is amplified by one stage, and the current amplified by the transistor (TR ₅ ) of Darlington connection is supplemented by the DC motor power supply (2). The switch SW ₄ is connected to the cathode side of the zener diode ZD ₂ while being connected to the gate of the switching SCR ₂ .

In addition, the DC motor power supply unit 2 connects a resistor R ₇ , a diode D ₃ , and a capacitor C ₃ in series, and connects the main and auxiliary switching units SCR _{1 to} both sides of the capacitor C ₃ . Parallel connection to the anode side of SCR ₂ ), main and auxiliary switching (SCR ₁ ) and (SCR ₂ ) are alternately turned ON and OFF at the same time according to the output of DC motor speed control circuit 1 The DC motor can be controlled by charging the chopping voltage shown on the cathode side of the switching (SCR ₁ ) and (SCR ₂ ) to the cone sensor (C ₃ ) through the inductance (L) and the diode (D ₄ ). The DC motor switching control circuit section 3 connects the capacitor C ₄ in series with the AA side of the rotor A and connects the diode D ₆ resistor R ₁₀ to the rotor A. ), and the parallel connection and the a terminal of the capacitor (C _4), switching on the resistor _{(R 10) (SCR 7)} , ( but connected to the anode terminal of the SCR _8), the switch _{(SCR 7), (SCR 8} ) Connect the field coil (F) between the cathodes And switching _{(SCR 7), (SCR 8} ) respectively in forward and reverse sphericity dongyong vacuum relay (Fry), (Rry) Contact point (fb) (rb) and (fc) (rc) operated by and resistance (R ₈ locate the ), (R ₉₎ connected to, and a forward, backward switching (SCR ₃₎ connected to the AA of the rotor (a), (SCR ₅₎ in series with the station, devoted switch (SCR ₉₎ to the gate, respectively (SCR ₄₎ And a contact (fa) (ra) and a resistor (R ₁₁ ) (R ₁₃ ) in a normal open state to each of the positive and reverse switching (SCR ₃ ) and (SCR ₅ ) gates. In parallel with the rotor (A), the contact (rd) (fd) and the resistors (R ₁₄ ), (R ₁₂ ) in the normal open state are connected to each of the forward switching (SCR ₆ ) and (SCR ₄ ) gates. Connect the snubber circuit in which the low arrester AR ₁ , the resistor R ₁₅ , and the capacitor C ₅ are connected in series, and the diode D ₅ is connected thereto, and then the rotor A Connect the diode (D ₇ ) to the A side, but the arrester (AR ₂ ) and the resistor (R ₁₆ ) capacitor (C ₁₆ ) in parallel to the diode (D ₇ ). ₆ ) is connected in series and configured to recharge the back EMF through the rotor (A) and the field coil (F) to the battery (BATT) through the diode (D ₅ ), (D ₇ ), 4) A shunt is connected between the resistor R ₁₇ , the variable resistor VR ₄ , and the capacitor C ₇ to detect a main current flowing through the shunt, which is then converted into a unjunction transistor (UJT _2). The trigger pulse is applied to the gate of the switching (SCR ₉ ) by applying the emitter, and as the switching (SCR ₉ ) is turned on, the current flows in the order of the diode (D ₁ ) relay (Ry) switching (SCR ₉ ). Flowing relay (Ry) interlock switch (SW ₃ ) from the normal close state to the normal open state and at the same time, the condenser (C ₈ ) connected to the diode (D ₁ ) is configured to act as a filter. do.

On the other hand, the DC motor switching control circuit 3 as described above is operated by two or more DC motors connected in parallel to one battery cell, and all the control circuits are explosion-proof casings, and thus explosion-proof by flammable gas. Remove concerns.

According to the present invention configured as described above, the key switch SW ₁ , the pulse generator power supply and the deadman switch SW ₂ are closed, and the variable resistor VR ₂ is adjusted to the capacitor C ₁ and an arbitrary time constant. When the frequency control variable resistor VR ₁ and the pulse width variable resistor VR _{3 of the} DC motor speed control circuit unit 1 are adjusted in conjunction with each other, the diode D ₁ pulse generator power supply and the deadman switch SW ₂ ), Through the resistor (R ₁ ) and zener diode (ZD ₁ ), the constant voltage appears, and this constant voltage is through the resistor (R ₃ ), variable resistor (VR ₁ ), diode (D ₂ ) At the same time as the emitter of (UJT ₁ ), a constant voltage through the combined resistance values of the resistor (R ₃ ), the variable resistor (VR ₁ ) and the variable resistor (VR ₂ ) is charged to the capacitor (C ₁ ). Unijunc according to the combined time of resistor VR ₂ , variable resistor VR ₁ , resistor R ₃ and time constant due to discharge of capacitor C ₁ Trigger pulses are generated at both ends of the resistor R ₄ connected to the base B ₁ side of the shunt transistor UJT ₁ to be input to the monostable multivibrator IC, which is a pulse appearing across the resistor R ₄ . The time constant for the transfer characteristic curve of is obtained by the control of the variable resistor (VR ₂ ) and the capacitor (C ₁ ) can obtain a large control gain characteristics, the voltage waveform of the capacitor (C ₁ ) is a variable resistor (VR ₁ ) Accordingly, when the variable resistance VR ₁ is slightly changed at the same time, the trigger phase angle is greatly changed.

That is, the pulse width is determined by the variable resistor VR ₃ and the capacitor C ₂ operating in conjunction with the variable resistor VR ₁ .

In this manner, the constant voltage through the resistor R ₂ , the relay Ry, the interlock switch SW ₃ , and the zener diode ZD ₂ is transferred to the monostable multivibrator IC and the transistors TR ′ to TR ₅ . When power is supplied and a trigger pulse is input to the input terminal of the monostable multivibrator (IC), the output (Q) of the monostable multivibrator (IC) appears as a "High" signal, and the output (Q) is a "Low" signal. While this state is maintained for a predetermined time in the monostable multivibrator (IC), it returns to the initial state, but the signals of "High" and "Low" are respectively output (Q) according to the input of the continuous input trigger pulse. ) Is consistent with (Q).

At this time, the "High" signal displayed at the output Q of the monostable multivibrator IC is amplified in two stages by the transistors TR ₁ and TR ₂ through the resistor R ₅ and at the same time, The current is amplified by the transistor TR ₃ to trigger the gate of the juice switching (SCR ₁ ) of the DC motor power supply 2 so that the juice switching (SCR ₁ ) is conducted and the monostable multivibrator (IC) The "Low" signal shown at the output Q is applied to the base of the transistor TR ₄ via the resistor R ₆ and amplified by one stage, and this amplified signal is transmitted by the transistor TR ₅ of the Darlington connection. The current is amplified to apply the trigger pulse to the gate of the auxiliary switching (SCR ₂ ), where the transistor TR ₅ , which is proportional to the ON-OFF time of the transistor SCR ₃ , has a pulse width of the OFF-ON period. state, and the switching ON-OFF alternately (SCR ₁₎ and the auxiliary switch (SCR _2), the main switch (SCR ₁₎ is turned ON Assisted switching (SCR ₂₎ is OFF, when the main switching (SCR ₁₎ is OFF assisted switching (SCR ₂₎ is turned ON will be that the chopping (chopping) the DC power very well.

In other words, the polarity of the capacitor (C ₃₎ of the anode side of the current when the amplified pulse is applied to the gate of the main switch (SCR ₁₎ through the transistor (TR ₃₎ in a Darlington connection, the main switch (SCR ₁₎ At the same time, the combined value of the voltage through the resistor (R ₇ ), the diode (D ₃ ) and the voltage through the inductance (L) and the diode (D ₄ ) becomes the anode side capacitor (C ₃ ) of the auxiliary switching (SCR ₂ ). Polarity While maintaining a state, when the discharge capacitor (C ₂₎ at the time of ON of the auxiliary switch (SCR _2), the main switch (SCR ₁₎ is to be the OFF state switch (SCR ₁₎ by the reverse voltage to force current alternating in Because of the continuous switching occurs, DC voltage can be choked as desired.

This operation is performed at a high speed to supply power to the rotor A of the DC motor by controlling the voltage by adjusting the current ratio between the energizing width and the frequency of the juice switching SCR ₁ and the auxiliary switching SCR ₂ . In case of low speed during start-up, since the turn on time of juice switching ((SCR ₁ ) is shorter than turn off time, the voltage supplied to the rotor (A) of the DC motor is maintained at a low value. When (SCR ₁ ) is longer and the turn-off time is shorter, the chopping voltage supplied to the DC motor (A) increases, so the speed of the DC motor is gradually increased. Later, when the battery is in full speed, the switch (SW ₄ ) connected to the cathode of the Zener diode (ZD ₂ ) is switched from the normal closed state to the normal open state to make juice switching (SCR). ₁ ) turn on It is to keep the motor at full speed while maintaining the state.

In this way, if the operator operates the vacuum relay for driving the forward contact point in the state where the capacitor is forward, the contact point fa (fd), which is in the normal open state at the time of neutral closing, is closed, and the normal close state is in the normal close state. The contact fd (fc) is opened, the trigger signal is inputted to the gate of the forward switching SCR ₃ through the resistor R ₁₁ and the contact fa, so that the switching SCR ₃ is switched on and conducted. The voltage is input to the gate of the forward switching (SCR ₄ ) through the field coil (F) -resistance (R ₁₂ ) -contact (fd) and the forward switching (SCR ₄ ) is conducted, so that the battery is forward closed. The contacts fb and fc in the normal close state are opened to maintain the switching (SCR ₇ ) and the switching (SCR ₈ ) OFF states, so that the voltage through the diode (D ₆ ) resistor (R ₁₀ ) becomes a condenser. (C ₄ ) is charged.

When the operation is placed in the neutral position in order to stop or reverse in the forward state, the opened contacts fb and fc are closed again, and the closed contacts fa and fd are opened to open the resistor R. ₈₎ a is the voltage input to the gate of the switch (SCR ₇₎ through the switching (SCR ₇₎ to the cathode of a is to be triggered, whereby the capacitor (C _4), switching (SCR ₃₎ a high current devoted was filled in Reversely, the forward switching (SCR ₃ ) is forced current by the reverse bias voltage and turned off.When the voltage charged in the capacitor (C ₄ ) is completely discharged, the forward switching (SCR ₄ ) is also turned off and the battery is turned off. When the reverse relay driving vacuum relay (Rry) is operated again, the reverse switching (SCR ₅ ) (SCR ₆ ) is switched on, and the reverse direction of the electromagnetic coil (F) of the DC motor is reversed. By flowing DC power in the The DC motor reverses, and the battery moves backward. At this time, if the operation is to be stopped or moved to the neutral position, the reverse switching (SCR ₅ ) (SCR ₆ ) is performed by the voltage charged in the capacitor (C ₄ ). ) Is reverse biased and turned off, so the tank stops.

Meanwhile, the counter electromotive force remaining in the rotor (A) is recharged to the power source (BATT) through the diode (D ₅ ), and the reverse electromotive force remaining in the field coil (F) is rapidly recharged to the battery (BATT) through the diode (D ₇ ). This extends the lifespan and enables regenerative braking.

If an overcurrent occurs in the DC motor, the main current flowing through the shunt is sensed, that is, the voltage difference across the shunt is sensed so that the desired resistance defined by the variable resistor VR ₄ is detected. When the maximum value is exceeded, the emitter of the unjunction transistor (UJT ₂ ) is applied to the gate of the switching (SCR ₉ ) beyond its peak point voltage so that the switching (SCR ₉ ) is energized, and thus the anode of the switching (SCR ₉ ) The relay RY connected between the diodes D ₁ operates and the monolithic multivibrator IC operates as the relay RY interlock switch SW ₃ operates from the normal closed state to the normal open state. And the transistors TR ₁ -TR ₅ to cut off the supply voltage.

At this time, the diode D ₁ and the capacitor C ₈ act as a filter against the negative voltage transient which causes the tripping operation of the relay RY. In addition, when the temperature of the switching (SCR) and each diode rises above the set temperature, the corresponding thermal sensing element (Th ₁ -Th ₄ ) detects this and cuts off the power, thereby preventing an accident due to overheating. .

As described above, the present invention can change the frequency and current width, control the SCR to operate the DC motor of the battery, increase the power efficiency, and restore the self-sustaining effect of the SCR. It is possible to improve the starting safety of the battery by reverse biasing the voltage charged in the capacitor by the boosting action according to the increase of the load current in the cathode and the combined voltage through the diode (D ₃ ) and the resistor (R ₇ ). The regenerative braking method is used to control forward, reverse, neutral, reverse, and forward effectively and quickly by inverting the polarity of the field coil of the DC motor by controlling the switching SCR through the contactless control method. In case of reverse switching, a large current reverse bias current is applied to each switching SCR to turn off the switching SCR so that the DC motor is momentarily braked to allow forward and reverse rotation. It aims at the starting safety of battery tanks used in the mines of coal mines, and detects when an overcurrent occurs in the DC motor and cuts off the power supply to the monostable multivibrator, transistor, etc. It is a useful and practical design that can be prevented.

Claims (1)

Correction) In the constant voltage appears through the diode D ₁ , the switch SW ₂ , the resistor R ₁ and the zener diode ZD ₁ , the resistor R ₃ , the variable resistor VR ₁ , the diode ( D ₂ ) directly and in parallel, and connect the variable resistor (VR ₂ ), capacitor (C ₁ ) and unjunction transistor (UJT ₁ ) directly and in parallel to the diode (D ₂ ) cathode side. transistor (UJT ₁₎ of the base (B ₁₎ of simultaneous and Sikkim by Kane to both ends of the resistor (R ₄₎ connected to the side generate the trigger pulse connected to the monostable input terminal of the multivibrator (IC _3), the variable resistor (VR ₃₎ Connect one side of the capacitor (C ₂ ) connected in series to the monostable multivibrator (IC). A divider (Shunt) is connected between the resistor (R ₁₇ ), the variable resistor (VR ₄ ) and the capacitor (C ₇ ), and then the switching (SCR ₉ ) is connected to the base (B ₁ ) of the unjunction transistor (UJT ₂ ). A control circuit for a battery, characterized in that for connecting a gate and connecting a relay (Ry) between the anode of the switching (SCR ₉ ) and the diode (D ₁ ).