KR830001160B1 - Actuator for centrifuge - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Actuator for centrifuge

1 shows an example of an operating device according to the invention.

2 is a view showing another improved example of the example shown in FIG.

3 shows another example of the actuating device according to the invention.

The present invention relates to a centrifugal separator, in particular, the rotor having a central inlet for a liquid mixture consisting of two or more components, a central outlet for separate components and a peripheral outlet distributed over the periphery of the rotor for another separate component. An annular slide member which is axially movable during operation to open and close the peripheral outlet, together with the rotor body, forms a so-called closed chamber, which is arranged to receive the working liquid and during operation the slide member The hydraulic fluid actuated in the closed position by hydraulic pressure is in communication with one or more passages in the rotor arranged to keep the chamber filled with the closure chamber, the rotor further pushing the slide member toward the opening of the peripheral outlet of the separation chamber. Centrifugation including a valve for discharging the working liquid from the closed chamber It is about the flag.

Centrifuges of this kind have been known for a long time and are used in various fields to separate precipitates from liquids containing precipitates. What is desperately needed in such a centrifuge is that the annular slide member is moved as quickly as possible during the sediment discharge operation (not only in the open state but also in the closed state) so that the maximum effective outflow area for the precipitate can be obtained. Efficient separation of sediment which is cohesive or already adhered to the walls of the separation chamber and obtaining a larger outlet area can be achieved during the movement of the sediment and liquid, which is possible when opening the sediment outlet.

A drawback of conventional known centrifuges of the kind described above is that if the size of the passage communicating with the closing chamber for the supply of working liquid determines the rapid opening movement of the annular slide member, the result is that a significant slow closing movement of the slide member This is done automatically, and vice versa. Therefore, by narrowing the passageway so that it can be drained quickly, and thus allowing the liquid level to be moved rapidly radially outwards, a quick opening motion of the slide member is achieved when the working liquid outlet from the closed chamber is opened, but the annular slide At the same time, when the member has to close the sediment outlet again (due to the passage being too narrow), the drawback is that the amount of working liquid discharged from the closed chamber cannot be replenished as quickly as desired. Thus, in this case, the opening movement of the slide member is quick, but the closing movement is considerably delayed, whereas if the passage is relatively large through the outflow area, the opening movement of the slide member is slowed down and the closing movement is quick. However, because the speed is not faster than allowed, the passage is filled with fresh working liquid through the center of the rotor.

It is an object of the present invention to improve the centrifuge of the kind described above in relation to the possibility of increasing the outflow area of the surrounding sediment outlet during sediment discharge operation.

The centrifugal separator according to the present invention retains the working liquid in the passage when the working liquid is discharged from the closed chamber as a result of the valve action and thus keeps the working liquid pressure in the passage substantially unchanged, thereby retaining the working liquid held in the passage. It is a feature that the above-mentioned object is met by an apparatus for reducing the water pressure on the slide member generated by the same. It is suitable to arrange the device so as to completely exclude the working liquid retained in the passage from operating on the slide member.

According to the present invention, while the working liquid is discharged from the closing chamber through the valve, the force acting on the slide member in the closing direction by the working liquid present in the passage is reduced or eliminated. Therefore, the opening operation of the slide member is extremely quick. In addition, when the valve for discharging the working liquid from the closing chamber is closed again, the working liquid is already present in the passage for quick replacement of the working liquid discharged from the closing chamber. By sizing the passageway to accommodate a relatively large amount of working liquid, it is possible to avoid the always present limitations associated with the rapid replacement of the working liquid exiting the closed chamber through the center of the rotor. In this way, an increase in the closing force acting on the slide member can be obtained most quickly, and as a result, the closing operation of the slide member can also be performed fastest.

A unique advantage in practicing the present invention is a combination valve in which the valve is maintained in place in communication with the passageway and in a second position closes the communication but does not close the outlet from the closure chamber. To construct.

Combination valves of this kind are suitably composed of annular valves arranged in the closing chamber and sealingly contacting the wall of the sealing chamber axially directed towards the slide member, the valve being an outlet for the working liquid extending around the axis of the rotor. An axial movement is possible towards the slide member during the operation of the rotor to open the slot. Thus an extremely fast opening operation of the slide member for closing the precipitate outlet can be achieved.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The centrifuge rotor shown in the figure consists of a bottom rotor part 1 and an upper rotor part 3 which are firmly connected to the drive shaft 2. The upper rotor part 3 is fixed to the bottom rotor part 1 by means of a plurality of bolts 4 arranged at the periphery of the rotor. The bolt 4 extends through the sleeve 5, which is disposed between the rotor parts 1 and 3 as a spacing member. The sleeve 5 is located in the recesses in the oppositely inverted rotor parts 1 and 3, whereby the sleeve 5 remains fixed in the radial direction. Outflow holes are formed between the inside and the outside of the rotor (5).

In the compartment formed by the rotor parts 1 and 3 there is a wall 6 which is floating for the rotor part and a slide member 7 which is movable for the whole of the above-mentioned member. The slide member 7 is sealed with respect to the rotor part 1 and the wall 6 by gaskets 8 and 9, respectively, and is in contact with and separated from the rotating part 3 right inside the sleeve 5. It is arranged to be. The annular gasket 10 seals between the slide member 7 and the rotor part 3.

On the wall 6 is placed a distributor 11, which surrounds the injection tube 12 for the mixture to be centrifuged. Between the rotor portion 3, the slide member 7 and the distributor 11, a separating chamber 13 of the rotor is formed, inside which is a set of conical separating plates 14. The outlet of the transient flow from the separation compartment 13 is shown as 14a.

Another wall 15 is arranged between the wall 6 and the rotor part 1, and a passage 16 is formed between the wall and the rotor part 1. Compartments 17 are formed between the walls 6 and 15. (In compartment 17 there are a plurality of radial wings which are connected to wall 6 and extend to expel liquid present in compartment 17. Corresponding wings are present in passage 16).

Compartment 17 has a so-called working liquid inlet 18, which communicates with a central hole 20 in drive shaft 2 via a plurality of passages 19. The passage 16 also has an inlet 21 for the working liquid, which starts from the recess 22 formed by the protrusion 23 on the outside of the rotor part 1. A stop tube 24 for supplying the working liquid extends to the groove.

An annular flexible member 26 is fixed between the wall 15 and the ring 25. The radially outward flanges or edges of this flexible member 26 are provided by means of a second slide member 27 which is axially movable in sealing contact and separation with the radially outermost circumference of the wall 6. Is arranged by.

In the space between the rotor part 1 and the slide member 7 there is a radially inwardly directed flange 28, in which the flexible member 26 (as shown in the figure) is radially innermost. You can touch it. Compartments 29 are formed between the slide member 7 and the flange 28, and another compartment 30 is formed between the flange 28 and the rotor part 1.

Communication between compartments 17 and 29 is maintained at the position of the slide member 27 shown in the figure, while compartment 30 remains separated from these two compartments. The communication between the compartments 17 and 29 is closed by the movement of the slide member 27 in the direction of the wall 6, while the communication between the compartments 29 and 30 is opened to communicate.

Like the walls 6 and 15, radial wings are provided on the bottom side of the slide member 27 to form a compartment 31 between the slide member 27 and the rotor portion 1. Compartment 31 communicates with passage 16 at its radially innermost portion, and its radially outermost portion is limited by annular member 32. Between the compartments 30 and 31 a passage 33 extends through the annular member 32 and a slightly narrow passage 34 through the rotor part 1 from the compartment 31. It extends to the outside of the former. The passage 33 is required if the passage 34 is located in the radially outermost portion of the compartment 31.

Reference numeral 35 denotes one of a plurality of radial vanes supported by the flange 28.

The outlet of the transient flow from the compartment 30 extends in the form of a passageway through the nozzle 36 and its radial position is variously adjustable.

The centrifuge rotor shown in the figure operates in the following manner.

Through the passages 20 and 19 the compartments 17 and 29 remain filled with the working liquid so that the slide member 7 is pressed into the position shown in the drawing to seal contact with the rotor portion 3. do. The passage 16 and the compartments 30 and 31 are at atmospheric pressure. That is, normal atmospheric pressure. The centrifuged mixture is fed through inlet 12 and enters separation chamber 13 through a compartment between distributor 11 and wall 6. The separated liquid exits the separation chamber through the outlet 14a of the transient flow.

When the sediment separated in the separation chamber 13 is removed, the working liquid is supplied to the groove 22 through the tube 24 for a short period of time. From there the working liquid flows through the passages 21 and 16 into the compartment 31 where the second slide member 27 is pressed axially upward with respect to the drawing. Thus, the flexible member 26 blocks the communication between the compartments 17 and 29 and simultaneously opens and communicates between the compartments 29 and 30. This is because the slide member 27, which was pressurized from the liquid column extending to the center of the centrifuge rotor, suddenly remained radially outside of the closed communication path between the compartments 17 and 29. It means that only the pressure of The slide member 7 is thus quickly moved downwards and the working liquid flows from the compartment 29 into the compartment 30 and the peripheral opening between the rotor parts 1 and 3 is opened. Therefore, the separated sediment is discharged from the separation chamber (13)

The liquid flowing out of the compartment 29 (moved by the slide member 7) quickly fills the compartment 30 and returns the second slide member 27 to the position shown in the figure. At this time, the supply of the working liquid through the passages 21 and 16 is cut off, and the liquid in the compartment 31 and the passage 16 is completely discharged through the passage 34. Although working liquid may leave compartment 30 at any time through nozzle 36, compartment 30 fills quickly because the supply of working liquid from compartment 29 is substantially greater than the outflow through nozzle 36. It should be noted that when the compartment 30 is filled, the liquid pressure therein is measured by the liquid level in the separation chamber 13 and the liquid column in the separation chamber 13 is not reached at its mechanically low end position. Through the slide member 7), the liquid pressure in the compartments 29 and 30 is affected. Thus, the upward pressure exerted on the second slide member 27 from the working liquid remaining in the compartment 31 and the passage 16 is overcome by the pressure in the compartment 30 when the compartment 30 is filled.

When the second slide member 27 is pressed back to the position shown in the figure, which is a position that blocks communication between the compartments 29 and 30, the working liquid flowing out of the compartment 29 is discharged from the compartment 17. Replace with fresh liquid supplied. The slide main member 7 quickly returns to the position shown in the drawing to close the peripheral outlet of the separation chamber.

Compartment 17 has a relatively large capacity to accommodate larger amounts of working liquid. This means that the pressure from the liquid column in the compartment 17 only changes to a slight extent or not at all by the fact that some working liquid is introduced therein to be replaced with the working liquid discharged from the compartment 29. When the second slide member 27 is moved downward, the slide main member 7 also moves the peripheral outlet substantially instantaneously at its position in which the peripheral outlet of the separation chamber 13 remains in the maximum open state. There is a pressure in the closing direction, which is determined by the liquid column in the compartment 17. The slide member 7 will thus return very quickly to its position shown in the figure.

The time interval for the return of the slide member 7 from the passage opening time between the compartments 26 and 30 to the position shown in the figure is based on the amount of working liquid flowing out of the compartment 29 before the compartment 30 is filled. Determined by the amount. Since the amount of this working liquid can be influenced by adjustment in the radial direction of the nozzle 36, the surface of the working liquid remaining there is maintained at a desired level. Since the nozzle 36 moves outward in the radial direction, the typically unfilled portion of the compartment 30 is increased accordingly, so that the time interval is increased while the peripheral outlet of the separation chamber 13 remains open.

If desired, a very narrow axial hole (not shown) can be extended through the flange 28 so that the working liquid is constantly supplied to the compartment 30 and the liquid level therein is radially inside the nozzle 36. Is kept quite in the passage ball. Such a hole does not introduce more liquid into the compartment 13 than can be discharged through the nozzle 36.

FIG. 2 shows another improved form of the actuator shown in FIG. 1. In FIG. 2, parts corresponding to those of FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, but the letter a is appended thereto.

In the embodiment of FIG. 2, a ring 37 capable of axially moving is fitted between the flange 28a and the lowest part of the rotor part 1a. Since the ring 37 is pressed downward by the plurality of spiral springs 38, the downward protrusion 39 of the ring 37 is in sealing contact with the gasket 40. Since another gasket 41 is arranged between the ring 37 and the second slide member 27 a, the compartment 31 a can be closed at its outermost radial direction. At the point where the protrusion 39 abuts the gasket 40, a compartment 42 having an outlet 43 is formed between the ring 37 and the rotor part 1. The throttle passage 44 extends through the ring 37 from the compartment 42 to the compartment 45 where the compartment 45 has a second slide member 27a, a ring 37, a flange 28a and a flexible It is formed by the castle member 26a.

The operating device of FIG. 2 is operated in the following manner.

In the starting position the compartments 17 a and 29 a are filled with the working liquid, while the spaces 26 a, 13 a, 42 and 45 are emptied and subjected to atmospheric pressure. When the peripheral outlet of the separation chamber is opened, the working liquid is supplied to the passage 16 a and the compartment 31 a through the tube 24 a for a short period of time. Thus, the second slide member 27 a is pushed upward, to open the communication path between the compartments 29 a and 45 and to close the communication path between the compartments 17 a and 29 a. Activate the member 26a.

In the downward movement of the slide main member 7a, the liquid flows from the compartment 29a to the compartment 45 so that the compartment 45 is quickly filled. When the compartment 45 is filled with liquid and the liquid pressure depends on the liquid column in the separating chamber 13a (see the above description with respect to the first diagram), the second slide member 27a is shown in FIG. The ring 37 is pressed upward to open the compartment 31a with respect to the outlet 43. The working liquid remaining in the compartment 31a and the passage 16a is thereby quickly discharged so that the upward pressure to the second slide member 27a is released.

Of course, the strength of the spiral spring 38 is such that the ring 37 can already be pushed upwards before the compartment 45 is filled with liquid. The size of the compartment 45 may also be as necessary to return the second slide member 27 a to the position shown in the figure at a predetermined point after the communication path between the compartments 29 a and 45 is opened. Can change

3 shows another example of the operating device according to the invention. In Fig. 3, parts corresponding to those in Fig. 1 are given the same reference numerals, but the letter b is added.

In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the compartments 17b and 29b are connected by a plurality of openings 46 which are always open in the partition 6b. The flexible member 26b and the second slide member 27b here only have the function of opening and closing the communication path between the compartments 29b and 30b. The dotted line 47 indicates the specific position of the slide main member 7b, in which the slide member partially closes the hole 46 in the partition 6b.

The actuating device of FIG. 3 is operated as follows. In the starting position the compartments 17b and 29b are filled with the working liquid, while the spaces 16b, 31b and 30b are emptied and subjected to atmospheric pressure. The working liquid is supplied to the compartment 31b through the tubes 24b and the passages 21b and 16b for a short period when the peripheral outlet of the separation chamber is opened. Subsequently, the second slide member 27b is moved upward to open the communication path between the compartments 29b and 30b. The communication path formed by the slots extending around the axis of the rotor is larger than the communication path between the compartments 17b and 29b formed by the holes 46. Thus, more liquid moves from compartment 29b to compartment 30b than the liquid moving from compartment 17b to compartment 29b. When the compartment 29b communicates with the compartment 30b which receives atmospheric pressure at the level of the member 26b by the pressure difference which arises across the slide main member 7b, the slide main member 7b moves quickly downward. The liquid then moves from compartment 29b to compartment 30b until compartment 30 is filled. During this time fresh working liquid flows through the aperture 46 into the compartment 29b but the compartment 29b is not filled as long as the communication path between the compartments 29b and 30b is open.

When the compartment 30b is filled, the second slide member 27b is quickly pressed back into the position shown in the shave to close the communication path between the compartments 29b and 30b. Depending on the amount of working liquid supplied to the channel 16b and the compartment 31b through the tube 24b, the second slide member 27b is shown in the drawings only when the compartment 30b and the compartment 29b are all filled. Is pushed back to the closed position. In this step, the liquid pressure in the compartment 30b is determined by the liquid column in the separation chamber 13b.

When the second slide member 27b is pressed downward and the communication path between the compartments 29b and 30b is closed, the possible empty space in the compartment 29b is filled with the liquid moved from the compartment 17b to slide the slide. The liquid pressure acting on the bottom face of the main member 7b immediately increases to coincide with the liquid column extending substantially to the center axis of the rotor. In general, a rapid increase in pressure on the slide main member 7b occurs at the same time as the second slide member 27b is pressed downward in this case when the compartments 29b and 30b are filled with liquid.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the communication path between the hole 46, that is, the compartments 17b and 29b, is partially closed by the slide main member 7b when it is in the bottom position. In this way the flow of liquid from compartment 17b to compartment 29b is limited by the movement of the slide main member portion, even though the aperture 46 is relatively large.

Claims (1)

Formed to rotate about an axis, forming a separation chamber comprising a central inlet for mixed liquids consisting of two or more components and a central outlet for separated light materials and a separate outlet for heavy materials located around the rotor Annular to form a closed chamber in communication with the rotor extending radially inwardly from the other closed chamber with the rotor while axially moving within the rotor to close its outlet during rotational rotation of the rotor. A device for filling a working liquid into the passage so as to fill the slide member, the passage and the closing chamber with the working liquid to hydraulically press the slide member to a position to close the peripheral outlet port, and discharge the working liquid from the closing chamber to slide In the rotor causing the member to be pushed into position to open the peripheral outlet. In a centrifugal separator consisting of one valve, the passage (17-19) and the closed chamber (29) to maintain the working liquid in the passage when discharging the working liquid from the closed chamber to obtain the fluid passage area of the larger peripheral outlet. The centrifugal separator is constituted by a valve device 26-27 capable of closing the communication between c), thereby maintaining the working liquid pressure in the passage 17-19 substantially unchanged and maintaining the passage 17-19. Centrifuge, characterized in that to remove the pressure acting on the slide member (7) with the working liquid.

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