KR830000403B1 - Moving Bed Radial Flow Solid-Fluid Contactor - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Moving Bed Radial Flow Solid-Fluid Contactor

1 is a schematic diagram of a movable radial fluid reactor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a side view of the catalyst collection scoop.

3 is a catalyst collection scoop from below.

4 shows an arched panel side formed at the top of the catalyst collection scoop.

5 is a view from the top of the catalyst collection scoop.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to moving bed radial flow solid-fluid contact devices, in which radial flow fluid-solid contact devices are used in a wide range of industrial processes. For example, there are radial flow reactors used in various hydrocarbon conversion processes. Such processes include isomerization of n-paraffins, dehydrogenation of n-paraffins and modification of naphtha boiling range petroleum fractions. In the radial flow reactor various reactants flow along their radially extending circumferential direction from the main central axis of the reactor.

The apparatus is a reactor in which reactants are flowed in, flowing the reactants from the cyclic reactant distributor into a cylindrical reactant collection volume. This central reactant collector is sealed by a screen having a sidesheet inside, referred to as the central pipe of the reactor. Radial flow can also be used in other contacting devices, such as adsorption chambers and processors, and for use as mobile phase reactors, the device can be used as a mobile phase regenerator for decarbonization, reduction or halogenation of catalysts or adsorbents used.

As used herein, the term "moving layer" refers to particles in which particles are placed on top of one another in a dense bed, gradually removing the used particles from the bottom and adding fresh or regenerated particles from the top to gradually atmospheric the contents of the bed. Refers to the containing system. Thus, the present invention is not directed to fluidized phase contact devices, but to devices capable of using vapor or liquid fluids.

Particles are recovered from the annular shape through a plurality of openings located at the bottom center of the container. The particles or catalyst recovery conduits are located in the middle between the two particle retention screens or within the middle 50% of the distance between the screens. The outlet conduit is covered by a cap or by a conical cone, as shown in US Pat. Nos. 3,706,536, 3,785,963 and 3,854,887. The reason for using this cap and centering the recovery conduit is to promote uniform recovery of particles from all parts of the phase. The conventional structure seeks to recover particles adjacent to both screens at the same rate.

Conventional systems are unable to recover the catalyst uniformly, leaving a significant amount of particles or catalyst in the device.

These stagnant materials are ineffective at exerting specific functions of the system and have a detrimental effect on the performance of the device. In particular, stagnant particles are high-speed vapors or liquids in the particulate phase that occur at the bottom of the yogi adjacent to the internal retaining screen, which is caused in part by the internally flowing steam.

A second disadvantage found when using conventional particle recovery systems is that the fine particles generated by friction caused by the normal motion of particulate matter accumulate in the zone of stagnant particles, which are subject to inward steam flow. As a result, it is moved into the stagnation zone and accumulates and eventually blocks a large number of narrow steam passages, causing a high pressure drop across the particulate bottom at the top. It also destroys the desired uniform flow rate through all parts of the annular particulate, which makes the actual space velocity within the reactor faster at the top of the reactor than at the bottom.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an operational radial flow solid-fluid contactor, in particular an operational radial flow which minimizes catalyst stagnation and reduces accumulation of catalyst stagnated on the surface of the central pipe while steam flows inward. In providing a reactor.

As an example of the present invention, there is provided a radial flow movable contact device consisting of the following parts. In other words,

(a) A vertically oriented container having an inner container separated into an upper part and a lower part having an inner body located within a cylindrical side wall having an inner surface.

(b) a first vertically oriented particle retention screen positioned within the outer container radially inward from the inner surface of the outer container and defining a fluid distribution between the first particle retention screen and the outer container.

(c) define an annular particle retainer located within the first particle retaining screen from the first particle retaining screen to the radially inner surface, having an upper end and a lower end, and positioned between the first and second particle retaining screens, and further retaining the second particle. A second vertically oriented particle retention screen located within the screen and defining a cylindrical fluid collector.

(d) a plurality of particle inlet tubes located at the top of the outer container and connected to the top of the annular particle holder.

(e) Fluid inlets connected to fluid distributors.

(f) Fluid outlet connected to the cylindrical fluid collector.

(g) Particle recovery apparatus located at the lower end of the annular particle holder between the first and second particle holding screens composed of the following parts (1) and (2).

(1) a plurality of tubular particle recovery tubes distributed in a circle surrounding the second particle retaining screen and having an unsealed top connected to the annular particle retainer;

의 각으로 놓여 있는 다수의 입자 회수 스쿠프.(2) Each scoop has a second open end top facing the second particle retention screen and a second bottom end attached to the top of the particle recovery tube, one particle recovery scoop being located on each particle recovery conduit Each particle recovery scoop has a larger cross-sectional area at the first top end than at the second low end and is about 5-60 horizontally.

A plurality of particle recovery scoops placed at each angle.

1 shows a moving bed radial flow reactor partially formed by an outer container 1 according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. This container is a vertically oriented cylinder sealed with an upper end 36 and a lower end or cap 37. The first, i.e. external catalyst holding screen 2 is also cylindrical, as in the inner, second catalyst holding screen 3, both screens being concentric about the central vertical axis of the reactor. The outer surface of the first screen and the cylindrical inner surface of the outer container constitute an annular fluid or reaction distribution space 38 and the reactants flow from the inlet conduit 6 to this.

The annular shape of the catalyst 4 is retained between the two screens, and this catalyst phase is supplemented with fresh catalyst falling through the catalyst inlet tubes 5 and 5 '. For simplicity only two catalyst inlet tubes are shown, but at least about eight are used. The upper end of the porous portion of each screen is under the upper inner surface of the vessel and the upper end on the catalyst is closed by discoidal discs 10 without holes.

The reactants enter the cylindrical fluid or reactant collector through the catalyst phase and then the reactants and reaction products are removed from the reactor via the reactant exhaust conduit 7. The top of the reactant recovery body is sealed with an annular cover plate 9, and the catalyst used is recovered from the reactor through a plurality of catalyst collection scoops, denoted by scoops 8 and 8 '. Each scoop has an open top facing the inner catalyst retaining screen, and the catalyst enters through the top and is recovered in annular form closer to the inner screen than the outer screen. Each scoop has a low end connected to a catalyst recovery tube such as 39 and 39 '. This conduit surrounds the inner screen and passes through the bottom end 37. The upper portion of the catalyst collection scoop and catalyst recovery tube is filled with catalyst during operation of the reactor. In the technique of a suitable use of the present invention, it is not limited only to using the device as a reactor.

2 shows a side view of the catalyst collection scoop 13 in more detail. The lower end of the scoop is attached to the catalyst recovery conduit 12 which extends through the horizontal outer wall 11 of the reactor to a series of valves or catalyst recovery hoppers as the case may be. The conduit allows the catalyst to be injected directly into other reactors in a "overlapped" reactor design. The scoop is positioned radially inward because the opening 41 at the top of the scoop is positioned adjacent to the inner catalyst retention screen 40. The external catalyst retaining screen 14 is close to the lower end of the scoop, so only a few of the numerous holes in the screen have been described for simplicity. As shown, the scoop was formed from a panel that had no parallel, flat top and bottom holes, which had an angle "a" on the horizontal when measured from the bottom of the scoop. The sides of the scoop are surrounded by opposing parallel sidewalls.

3 shows a view of the catalyst collection scoop 13 when viewed from below. This scoop is similar to that shown in FIG. The lower end of the scoop covers the open upper end of the catalyst recovery tube 12 and the upper panel of the scoop has a top side 17 which is less from the internal catalyst holding screen than the upper side 18 of the bottom panel and has a triangular shape. The panel allows the cross-sectional area in the scoop to be larger at the top than at the bottom.

4 illustrates a suitable arched panel side formed on top of the catalyst collection scoop 19. The lower end of the scoop is positioned so that the catalyst is directed to the return line 20 and the upper side of the panel is once again horizontally paired with the collecting catalyst and the upper side 21 is from the inner catalyst holding screen 35 rather than the lower panel side 23. Located further away.

In a suitable embodiment the top side of the top panel 22 and the bottom panel are arcuate and correlated to the inner screen such that the radially measured distance between the inner screen and either side is uniform at all positions along each side, as shown. Have curvature. This shape illustrates the use of a corrugated outer catalyst screen 44 adjacent to the cylindrical outer wall 43 of the reactor.

5 shows a view from the open top side of the catalyst collection scoop 13. This scoop is similar to that shown in Figures 2 and 3, rather than the scoop with the arched edge of Figure 4. The lower end of the scoop was attached to the catalyst recovery tube 12 and the edge 17 of the top panel was connected to the side 18 of the side wall 27 and 27 'which had no opposing vertical holes, The open top of is surrounded by radix 17, 18, 27 and 27 ′.

Particulate matter used in the apparatus may be a hydrocarbon conversion catalyst or an adsorbent including activated carbon, zeolite or alumina used to treat gas streams to remove moisture, sulfur compounds or halogen-containing compounds. The particulate matter may also be a solid acceptor used to remove the dioxide term from the exhaust flue gas stream as described in US Pat. No. 3,776,854. The particulate matter is spherical and has a diameter in the range of 0.15-1.25 cm. The terms "catalyst" and "particle" are used synonymously in describing various indictments of the device and the use of such words is not intended to limit the use or function of such indictment in a way that would limit the present invention. Catalysts used in the apparatus include inorganic oxide supports such as alumina and silica gel with catalytically effective amounts of metals or metal oxides. The metal is at least one metal selected from nickel, cobalt, iron, platinum, tin, palladium, manganese and magnesium.

The outer container may be made of a suitable metal such as carbon or stainless steel, but may be made of other materials, including plastic reinforced with fiber, provided that conditions such as temperature and pressure are met.

Two particles or catalyst retaining screens were assembled using wedge-shaped wires with a reduced cross section in the direction away from the particle side of the screen. Free fall to allow self-cleaning surface. The wedge wires are aligned vertically to minimize the friction of the catalyst as it passes through the screen. The external particle retaining screen may be cylindrical to form an annular fluid distributor or a fan screen as shown in FIG.

The contact device was equipped with a plurality of particle inlet tubes passing through the top surface of the outer container and connected to the top of the annular particle retainer. About 6-10 inlet tubes are suitable for proper distribution of particulate matter. The retaining screen has a holeless portion at the top that forms a seal that prevents any portion of the fluid stream from passing through the void as much as possible. The screen is capped or extends towards the inner surface of the container as shown in FIG. The inlet tube was connected to a valve for controlling the particle injection rate or directly to the hopper vessel used to disperse the particles. The inlet line is connected to the outlet line of the vessel (reactor) located above, as in the paired design.

In a suitable embodiment the apparatus comprises a plurality of particle collection scoops arranged annularly at the bottom of the center pipe and the tips of adjacent scoops are gathered together or adjacent (within 15 cm) uniformly disposed on the center pipe. To form. The width of this band is equal to the distance between the center pipes and the upper side of each scoop shall be no more than 30 cm. When the arch scoop is used, the distance to the upper side is 10 cm or less and the distance to the bottom is 5 cm or less.

As shown in Fig. 3, since the straight side scoop is within the change distance, it results in an average distance. The top and bottom sides of the scoop panel were conformal and matched the curvature of the center pipe to provide a uniform distance between the scoop and the center pipe. Other sides not shown may also be used as needed.

The individual scoops are hollow and they are not rigid but have empty interior spaces that match their exterior form. The top and bottom panels and the side walls surrounding the scoop have no holes and these elements of the scoop are relatively porous, such as to provide drainage or vapor circulation. This in some cases prevents coking or trapping of liquid in the particle recovery tube. The cross-sectional area of the inner surface of each scoop is larger at the top facing the center pipe than at the lower end attached to the particle recovery outlet. Therefore, scoops are particle harvesters such as funnels. To aid in the recovery of particles, the bottom of the scoop (top horizontal side of the bottom panel) watches closer to the center pipe than the top side as described in FIGS.

의 각으로 경사를 이루는데 이것은 제2도의 각 "a"로서 측정된다. 이러한 각도의 적당한 범위는 15-45

이고 30

가 특히 적당하다. 스쿠프의 상부와 저부 판넬은 평행하므로 동일한 각도를 갖는데 이것은 필수적인 것이 아니고 스쿠프는 또한 수직으로 끝이 뾰족하게 될 수도 있다. 스쿠프는 장치를 통하여 움직이는 동일한 입자상 물질에 의하여 둘러쌓이든가 또는 도자기 같은 불활성 공간체가 용기의 저부에 놓일 수도 있다. 장치의 조작중 스쿠프가 운동하거나 비틀림을 방지하기 위하여 수개의 지지체를 스쿠프 둘레나 밑에 설치한다.When using the unit as a reactor, the particle recovery scoop or catalyst recovery scoop is approximately 5-60 in horizontal phase.

It is inclined at an angle of which is measured as the angle "a" in FIG. The proper range of these angles is 15-45

And 30

Is particularly suitable. The top and bottom panels of the scoop are parallel and therefore have the same angle, which is not necessary and the scoop may also be vertically pointed. The scoop may be surrounded by the same particulate matter moving through the device or an inert space such as porcelain may be placed at the bottom of the container. Several supports are placed around or under the scoop to prevent the scoop from moving or twisting during operation of the device.

Claims (1)

As described above in the text and shown in the figures, a vertically oriented container having an inner container located within a cylindrical sidewall with an inner surface separated into a top and a bottom; A first vertically oriented particle retention screen positioned radially inwardly from the inner surface of the outer container to define a fluid distributor between the first particle retention screen and the outer container; Cylindrical fluid positioned within the second particle retention screen, defining an annular particle retainer located within the first particle retention screen from the first particle retention screen to a radially inner surface and located between the first and second particle retention screens and having an upper end and a lower end. A second vertically oriented particle retaining screen defining a collector; A plurality of particle inlet pipes located at the top of the outer container and connected to the top of the annular particle holder; A fluid inlet connected to the fluid distributor; A fluid outlet connected to the cylindrical fluid collector; And a plurality of tubular particle recovery tubes having an unsealed top connected to the annular particle retainer and circularly distributed around the second particle retaining screen and each scoop facing the second particle retaining screen. And a second bottom end attached to the top of the particle recovery tube, one particle collecting scoop is located on each particle recovery conduit, and each particle recovery scoop has a larger cross-sectional area at the first upper end than at the second low end. About 5-60 on level

Moving bed radial flow contact, consisting of a particle recovery device located at the lower end of the annular particle retainer between the first and second particle retaining screens, comprising a plurality of particle recovery scoops positioned at an angle of? Device.

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