KR830000378B1 - lamp - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

lamp

1 is a side view of a lamp according to the invention;

2 is a front view of the lamp shown in FIG.

4 and 4 show changes in the inclination of the lamp of the present invention with changes in the odds at a constant water level.

5 is a schematic representation of a lamp according to the invention in a rest position.

6 shows lamps in two different angular positions along a ship of different size;

7, 8 and 9 are schematic views showing the slidable vertical fixation device of a lamp in a resting position on a quay, in which FIG. 7 is a front sectional view of the fixing device according to line VII-Ⅶ of FIG. 8 degrees is a side view, and 9 degrees

Forward sectional view along line VII-VII of FIG.

10 and 11 are schematic views showing two alternative embodiments of the slidable vertical fixture.

12 is a schematic end view of a variant embodiment of the lamp according to the invention.

The present invention relates to a ramp provided for access to a roll-on roll-off shelf or similar vessel providing a connection between a vessel or a quay of a beach or embankment to allow loading of the vessel through a ramp.

Many types of lamps are already known which are installed in ports to allow the loading of ships, in particular roll on roll off ships. Many such lamps are already known, such lamps being supported by floats or installed in ports. These lamps are supported by floats or firmly fixed to the bottom of the port. These lamps have some drawbacks: lamps supported by floats are submerged somewhat depending on the load they support. Moreover, it oscillates somewhat along the waves. Lamps supported on the floor by pillars require a mechanism to adjust the height in response to changes in water level and odd number. These pillars require the lamp to have a predetermined width exactly the same as the end of the ship because of its space so that the lamp must have a width for the purpose of operating the device. They are in some cases hindered from moving freely and hinder the axial movement which causes the ramp to move in line with the ship, whatever the width of the ship.

The object of the present invention is that the height of the lamp is independent of the load carried by the lamp, and nevertheless is installed on the water in accordance with the change of the odd number of the ship in the loading operation of the ship, and the lamp is used to change the water depth generated by the tides. Depending on the height of the lamp on the water, it is always possible to provide a ramp that corresponds to the height of the ship's deck regardless of the change in the load supported by it and the large change in odd and tides.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a lamp which is moved to the rest position and is moored along the inner wall and maintained at a distance from the inner wall. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a ramp that is pivoted around a fixed point on a quay to be placed in a particular position depending on the size and position of the particular vessel involved.

The present invention provides a connection path between an inner wall and a vessel which allows the first end of the lamp to be fixedly fixed to the inner wall of the beach or the embankment, and the second end is supported by the float and enables the loading of the ship through the lamp. Rows arranged axially in line with the vessel are submarine fixtures in which the floats reliably support the second end of the ramp and are always attached to the float in a port ramp used for access to roll-off vessels and similar vessels. Float when the lamp is in working position because the maximum buoyancy of the float is greater than or equal to the sum of the weight of the lamp and the intended maximum load, or canceled. The ram on the water surface is placed in the excess flood position where the traction force applied to the fixture is equal to the intended value of the ramp load The height of the lower load than the ejeong chwidae value provides a lamp characterized in that independently of the support load.

Thus, it can be seen that the advantage of the lamp according to the invention is that the load on which the water level is supported is kept constant irrespective of the supporting load as long as the load applied by the float on the anchor block lying on the seabed is less.

According to another feature of the invention, the float is ballast operable and its maximum buoyancy is greater than the weight of the lamp and moorings constitute a fixture so that the float is partially submerged in correspondence with the resting position of the lamp. And lift up the lock. Thus, the lamp according to the invention can be shifted according to the change in the water level caused by the large tides when not in use.

In addition, the lamp according to the invention lifts the fixture by ballasting the float, moving the lamp around a pivot axis perpendicular to the required respective position, lowering the fixture until it is on the seabed and flowing by the ballast operation. By reducing the buoyancy of the haute to submerge the float to the required depth and shortening the chain connecting the lamp to the fixture, the flooded float is created by applying a traction to the fixture at least equal to the intended maximum load of the lamp.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings for the purpose of illustrating two embodiments of the present invention.

1 and 2 show a preferred embodiment of the lamp according to the invention for the loading of a vessel, eg a roll on roll off vessel, in a port.

Ramp 10 is a large bridge type between the quay 11 and the ship 12, with a runway 13 for the vehicle, the upper surface of which is non-slip coated, at the end of the wall 11 and the surface of the runway 13 and the vessel. Plate covers 14 and 15 are installed, respectively, pivoted around the horizontal transverse axis to ensure connection of the corresponding surfaces of 12.

Ramp 10 has a guide rail 16 along its longitudinal side. According to the invention the first end of the lamp 10 is supported by a pivot 17 at a suitable position of the quay wall 11, the pivot being around the vertical axis 18 and the transverse horizontal axis 20 passing through the intermediate longitudinal axis 19 of the lamp as shown in FIG. Turn the lamp 10 with

The second end, which is the other end of the lamp 10, is supported by a float 21 in which the lamp is firmly connected by vertical pillars 22 and inclined bars 23. The second end of this lamp is connected with two fasteners 24, which are moved by a chain 25 through a vertical column 22 positioned below and below the lamp, through a vertical passage formed through flow 21. It is connected to the piston rod of a long stroke hydraulic actuator 26 arranged longitudinally on one side of the ramp 10.

The second end of the lamp 10 is slightly larger in width and the cab 27 is installed to direct the loading of the ship so that the lamp can be operated as described below. The first end of the lamp is also provided with two hydraulic actuators 28 arranged longitudinally on one side of the lamp 10 whose piston rods are connected to a chain 29 having an end attached to the inner wall 11.

Float 21 is partially ballasted so that its buoyancy can be differentiated between the minimum equilibrium value at which the corresponding compartment of the float is filled with water and the maximum value at which the compartment is completely filled with air under pressure. The maximum buoyancy of this float 21 is chosen to be greater than the total weight of the lamp 10 and fastener 24.

Lamp 10 according to the invention is used as follows. In the rest position, float 21 is partially submerged as shown in Figs. 1 and 5 and the fixture 24 is lifted by an actuator 26 with a possible stop to pull the chain 25 so that the lamp rises above the water. Following the middle of the float 21, the tide level changes.

For small tides, it can be seen that the fixture 24 is placed on the sea floor, keeping the float 21 completely submerged. The lamp works as follows.

If the lamp is in the resting or non-operating position, the retainer 24 is lifted in advance, the float 21 is partially submerged so that the lamp is pivoted around the vertical axis 18 of the pivot 17 by the actuator 28 and chain 29 and the actuator 28 is The side chain is positioned to rotate the pull chain 29, while the other actuator 28 releases the chain 29 of the corresponding length. Thus, the lamp 10 can be pivoted to any position, as shown in FIG. 6, depending on the size of the vessel to be loaded.

When the lamp 10 is locked in the proper direction, the actuator 26 is operated to lower the lock 24 until the lock is placed on the seabed, and the float 21 is buoyant at a moderate value slightly larger than the total weight of the ramp 10 and the super heavy load stipulated. Ballast actuated to reduce the flow, so that the float is submerged to the appropriate depth as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 3 by the actuator 26 pulling the chain 25 of the fixture 24. If the buoyancy of float 21 is less than the total weight of lamp 10 and fixture 24, it can be seen that float 21 is completely submerged. In this case, Archimedes' buoyancy acted by water above float 21 is constant irrespective of the depth of immersion of float 21, so that float 21 at the position shown in FIG. 3 or FIG. It will give a constant traction to the chain 25 to be connected. The load supported by the lamp 10 at the time of loading of the ship 12 is such that the lamp does not submerge in the water at all, as long as it is kept less than that prescribed.

Moreover, when the ship's lamp is extended and placed on the lamp 10, partial ballast operation may be carried out to support the weight or part of the ship's lamp. If the load does not change during loading, the float of Float 21 is easily adjusted and the tension of the chain can be adjusted to a value slightly less than the effective load.

If the load supported by the lamp 10 is less than the maximum specified, this load corresponds to the traction force exerted by the float 21 on the chain 25 of the fixture 24 without changing the height of the platform 10 above the water surface. Gives a decreasing result.

An apparatus, not shown in the figures, is provided in which the actuator 26 is controlled by the difference in height between the second end 10 of the lamp and the side of the ship 12 during the loading operation. Indeed, when vessel 12 is fully loaded, the odd number is large, as shown in FIG. 3, and the length of chain 25 extending between float 21 and fixture 24 is determined by the actuator 26 plate cover of the second end of lamp 10. 15 is adjusted to approximate the height of the cargo deck of ship 12. During the unloading operation, the odd number of ship 12 decreases, and the ship rises slightly above the surface as shown in FIG. The height difference between the second end of ramp 10 and the dripping end of vessel 12 is detected by a detector or sensing device (e.g. inclinometer), which controls actuator 26 to increase the length of chain 25, Adjust the reduction automatically. Between the beginning and end of the loading operation of vessel 12, ramp 10 is gradually passed from the position shown in FIG. 3 to the position shown in FIG.

In ships with lamps, detection devices are provided in such lamps. In addition, the present invention has a device (not shown) which allows the buoyancy of the float 21 to be automatically increased by ballasting the float when the load supported by the lamp 10 has a value close to the maximum load imposed. . It can be seen that increasing the buoyancy of the float 21 (when the float is completely submerged) will also increase the intended loading value. For example, such a device consists of a ballast control which is controlled by the value of the tension of the chain 25.

The lamp 10 can be flexibly swayed slightly in response to the temporary inclination of the ship 12 by applying altered tension to the chain 25 by the actuator 26 according to its configuration. This adjustment can be obtained automatically by a control servo system controlled by an inclinometer installed on the ship. In addition, an apparatus is provided for tying the second work piece of the lamp 10 to the inner wall when the lamp is in the non-working position shown in FIGS. 1 and 5.

One such device is shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9 degrees. This device consists of a horizontal bar 30 mounted on a horizontal top plate of float 21 by a bracket 31 and rotatable about its longitudinal axis by means of a drive unit 32 which rotates integrally with bar 30, the end of the bar being the platform 10 It leads to a joint on the end of the vertical piston rod 33 of the hydraulic actuator 34 installed on one side of the second end. The rod 33 is slidably guided in a ring of the horizontal arm 35 mounted on the column 36 connecting the lamp 10 to the float 21.

At the free end of bar 30 extending beyond float 21, a rectangular head 37 is fitted which engages the vertical slide guide passage 38 of the vertical wall of the quay wall 11 extending longitudinally to the ramp 10. can be replaced by dolphin).

In the first position, the head 37 enters the slide passage 38 through an appropriately sized vertical longitudinal slot installed in the slide guide passage, where the head 37 turns quarterly into the slide guide cylinder and simultaneously It slides vertically. Bar 30 is rotated more than a quarter by actuator 34. To give the assembly some flexibility, the bar 30 is axially movable in the bearing and this movement is elastically stopped by a rubber shock absorber, not shown in the drawing, but this device is not installed to act as a stop. . In addition, a vertical wall of the quay 11 is provided with a skid, fenders or similar protective device 39 in which the cutting end of the float 21 abuts.

Thus, the lamp 10 is in the non-operational position, the float 21 is partially submerged and the fixing device 24 is lifted up and the lamp is close to a part of the quay wall 11 extending parallel to it and the head 37 of the bar 30 is the slide guide 38 Combined with When the head 37 is turned a quarter turn by the actuator 37, it is held in the slide guide passage 38. Therefore, the lamp 10 is kept at a constant distance from the inner wall and at the same time moved vertically in accordance with the change in the water level by the tides.

If the lamp is tied to the pillar 50 (FIG. 10), an auxiliary small float 51 is provided which rolls along the pillar 50 by four rollers 52 according to a modified embodiment of the apparatus of the invention. Float 51 is easily mooring and has the same short slide guide passage 53 as the slide guide passage 38 above, despite a slight height difference between the float 21 and the secondary float 51 of the lamp.

If it is not possible to drive the column to the selected position, instead, according to the invention (FIG. 11) two side-by-side wire ropes 55 are pressed by heavy rollers 57 which are installed on the inner wall 11 and not on the sea floor. The weight of the block 57 is calculated enough that the inertial force prevents any lateral movement due to the traction or thrust acting on the secondary float 51.

Finally, in harbors or harbors inadequate or undeveloped to accommodate deep odd ships, the first end of the first arrangement is placed on the quay wall and fixed to the quay wall as described above, and the second end of the last arrangement is in accordance with the present invention. Reaching the position of the approaching part of the ship to be loaded, the first end of each intermediate device rests on the second end of the preceding device and the second end supports the first end of the next device. Lamps made by several devices shown in abutting connection are used.

In addition, it can be seen that the lamp according to the invention can be easily moved from one position to another by floating or towing. It should be noted that the lamp according to the invention has a width of 9 m and a length of 50 m, for example, and can support about 65 tons of payload.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment of the second form according to the invention, which is suitable for use in a port firmly sanded with the fixing device used in the embodiment of the first form shown in FIGS. Do.

In this case, the subsea stationary device is not a fixed retention device but consists of a device for permanently securing the chain 25 to the lamp. For example, such a permanent fixing device is made by pillar 40 which is firmly embedded in the seabed 41 and protrudes thereon, and the chain 25 is permanently attached to the pillar. For example, if the column 40 is buried above the surface of the water, the submerged area of about 1 meter above sea level 41 is placed in a severe condition, so that the end of the chain 25 is buried and the concrete submerged block 42, which is bound by a suitable device, is accommodated.

Thus, the lamp 10 is connected to only two concrete blocks 42 disposed just below or slightly outside of the lamps and the corresponding two chains 25 extend obliquely from the concrete block 42 to the float 21 so that the lamps can extend the tension of other sizes. In the other embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the lamp 10 is pivoted slightly on the inner wall around the vertical pivot axis 18 of the first end in addition to the chain 25 or in four groups, two groups arranged transversely above the seabed 41 respectively. It is combined with four chains 25, which are held together in pairs of permanent locks 42. The distance between the fasteners 42 of each group corresponds to the distance required to rotate the second end of the lamp 10 and the lamp is held in a special position by applying different tension to the two chains 25 of the same group.

Where the fixed block has concrete or steel skirts with rounded arched lower parts, other arrangements for lifting the fixed block from the ground are used. In order to do this, it is sufficient to connect the round arched part to the centrifugal pump through a flexible pipe so that the thrust acts several times larger than the weight of the fixed block so that the block can be easily lifted.

Claims (1)

The first end of the ramp is fixedly anchored to the quay of the seashore or bank and the second end is supported by the float and provides a connection path between the quay and the vessel allowing loading of the vessel through the ramp. In port lamps used for the access of row-on-roll-off ships and similar ships arranged in a straight line, the float is securely connected to the subsea anchoring device, which reliably supports the second end of the lamp and is always attached to the float. When the length of the connection between the fixture and the float is optionally adjustable and the float's maximum buoyancy is greater than or at least equal to the sum of the lamp's weight and the specified maximum load, the float will Traction force equal to the maximum value of the load is placed in the excess flooding position applied to the fixing device and the height of the lamp above the water level At lower loads than a specified value chwidae lamp characterized in that independently of the support load.

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