KR820000963B1 - Indirect extrusion process - Google Patents

Abstract

Indirect hot extrusion process is claimed where a die member and associated main ram are driven independently with the container moving at a speed equal to or greater than the main ram to give an extrusion force. The billet is loaded into the container and partially extruded through the die. Then movement of the container relative to the ram is prevented and additional power is used to move the container, causing extrusion without change of billet position. This allows extrusion to be effected w. r. t. the container and billet in a connected state of operation.

Description

Indirect Extrusion Method

1 is a side cross-sectional view of a press installation to directly practice the present invention.

2 is a side cross-sectional view of the billet insertion process.

3 and 4 are side cross-sectional views of the upset and piercing process.

5 is a cross-sectional view just before the extrusion process.

6 is a cross-sectional view after completion of extrusion.

7 is a cross-sectional view at the shearing step.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: press platen 10: pressurized stem

3: main cylinder frame 12: container moving frame

4 main ram 13 container moving cylinder

6: die 15: container

8: main cylinder 18: container support rod

9: crosshead 21: hydraulic cuffing device

The present invention relates to an indirect extrusion method in which a die is fixed during extrusion and the container is moved, and a first object thereof is to connect the container and stem or the container support and the crosshead at any relative position according to the billet length. The second object is to increase the effective extruding force by adding the container moving capacity to the extruding force, and the other object is that the extrusion process and the friction between the billet and the container are reduced. The positional relationship between the container and the stem is maintained correctly, and indirect extrusion usually prevents the deterioration of product quality due to the direct extrusion effect that is likely to occur at the end of the extrusion.

Conventionally, this type of indirect extrusion allows the container to be freed during extrusion, pressurized with a pressure stem on the opposite side of the die on which the billet is fixed, and advances the container with the positive friction between the billet and the container. , The method of extruding the billet and the container without generating dynamic friction, and the container and the main ram are contacted at the time of extruding, and the container is pushed forward by pushing the main ram to advance the billet at the fixed die extrusion hole. There are a method of pushing out the net and a single moving cylinder device in the container, and also moving the container alone during extrusion.

When the first means is pushed out, the billet in the container becomes shorter and the static friction between the container and the billet becomes smaller, so that the container is not already advanced and the pressurized stem is moving forward. Displaced into a so-called direct extrusion effect, whereby the quality of the extruded product is deteriorated at the end of extrusion.

In the second electric means, the billet and the container have no change in relative position during the extrusion, but both the latter means and the former means dedicate the forward movement capacity of the container necessary because of the operation other than the extrusion of the device. The connection of the container and the step could not be secured at the position corresponding to the bilit length.

In the third electric means, when the frictional force between the billet and the container is large, the container and the ram move at the same speed, but when the frictional force is small, as opposed to the electric first means, only the container is moved forward and the platen and billet are the container. It is directly extruded because the ram moves forward and extrudes while exposed from the rear or the container is moving forward.

The present invention solves the above problems and achieves the above-mentioned objects effectively and reliably, and the specific examples of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, which shows the side cross section of the press equipment, (1) is press platen and there is a through hole 2 in the center of the press.

(3) is a main cylinder frame, and the main ram 4 is fitted in front of the press center.

Press platen forward direction and vice versa, the press platen (1) and the main cylinder frame (3) is face to face on the press bed (not shown) and both are cabinet It was firmly fastened by a plurality of pillars 5 arranged on a ship and constituted a press furniture body having a ramen structure.

(6) is a die and is firmly supported at the press center of the press platen 1 by means of hydraulic jacks and tension bolts (not shown) and extends to the rear.

The die 6 is a long cylindrical shape, and a die 7 is attached to the rear end of the die 6, which is usually fitted with a die support.

The main ram (4) is fitted to the main cylinder (8), the cross head (9) in the middle, pressing the pressurizing stem 10 in front of the press center line in front of the press stem (10) billet every press extrusion operation The extrusion plate 11 conveyed in the press with (A) was provided.

12 is a container moving frame, disposed between the main cylinder frame 3 and the cross head 9, which are intermediate between the front press platen 1 and the main cylinder frame 3, and the container moving frame 12 The main cylinder 8 penetrates substantially.

(13) is a container moving cylinder and is provided in the state which protruded back to the main cylinder frame (3), and a piston fits into this cylinder 13 freely, and the end of the piston rod 14 moves a container. It is fastened to the frame 12.

15 is a container, and the billet accommodation hole 16 is opened centering the press, and is arrange | positioned freely to move in a press direction between the cross head 9 and the press platen 1.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a container supporter, which connects the supporter 17 and the container moving frame 12 with a plurality of bracing rods 18, which penetrate the crosshead 9.

19 is a side cylinder, is provided in the state which protrudes forward in the side of the main cylinder frame 3, and the end of the piston rod 20 is couple | bonded with the cross head 9. As shown in FIG.

21 is a hydraulic cuffing device, the cylinder 22 of which is projected to the rear from the container moving frame side station and is supported by the main cylinder frame 3, and the piston which slides the cylinder 22 stage. The end of the rod 23 is made of a folding material on the support block 24 provided on the rear end surface of the crosshead 9.

Reference numeral 25 denotes a mandrel piston, which fits into a cylinder formed inside the main ram 4, and is fitted with a mandrel support 26 to which a mandrel 27 is attached. The mandrel 27 defines the inner diameter of the product at its tip and is embedded on the press center of the pressurized stem 10.

The mandrel piston 25 penetrates the tailstock rod 28 through the main cylinder frame 3 and protrudes rearward, and a mechanical mandrel fastening means 29 is penetrated by the tailstock rod 28.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a shear furniture, and in the figure, the press platen 1 is used as a guide surface, and the cylinder device 31 is capable of reciprocating in the press extrusion direction. The front furniture 30 has a support arm 32 for holding the die 6 in the longitudinal direction during extrusion and for holding the die 6 back end when cutting the closed tongue and the product.

Reference numeral 33 is a mouth-type shearing device, which is composed of a shearing machine 36 attached to a cylinder 34 and a piston rod 35, and in a shear guide cylinder 37 formed in the shearing furniture 30. The shearing machine 36 moves freely to the range beyond the press center in the press direction and the straight steel direction.

As shown in FIG. 2, for example, a billet loader 38 is provided at the rear of the container 15 so as to be able to pivot around an axis of the container support rod 18 in the figure.

The present invention is easily understood when the press extrusion one time operation is explained in the above-described press equipment.

FIG. 1 shows a state in which the billet A is not mounted in the receiving hole 16 of the container 15, and FIG. 2 shows the mounting state of the billet A. FIG. First, in FIG. 1, when oil pressure is supplied to the container advance side of the container moving cylinder 13, the container moving frame 12 is advanced so that the container 15 is covered with the die 6.

The container 15 is covered with the die 6 until the distance between the rear face of the container 15 and the front face of the pressurized stem 10 receives the billet loader 38. Advance stops.

The extruder plate 11 and the billet A are placed on the billet loader 38 and the rotor 38 is pivoted to the center of the press, and the oil is fed to the container retracting side of the container moving cylinder 13. When the container 15 is retracted as shown in FIG. 2, the extruded plate 11 and the billet A are placed on a position close to the pressurized stem 10 in the container 15 receiving hole 16. As shown in FIG. The billet A is inserted and mounted.

After inserting and mounting the billet (A), turning the billet loader 38 out of the press and feeding the hydraulic oil to the advancing side of the side cylinder 19, the main ram 4 moves forward without load and prepares for extrusion. do.

Then, the specific example is subjected to the pissing process through the bitet (A) 's affine process.

First, the apset process advances the main crosshead 9 again while supplying hydraulic oil to each of the forward sides of the main cylinder 8 and the side cylinder 19, and the billet A is filled in the container 15.

Then, in order to compensate for the longening of the billite due to the piercing, when the pressure stem is slightly retracted and the hydraulic oil is fed to the forward side of the mandrel piston 25, the mandrel 27 advances alone and the mandrel 27 Peas until the leading edge of is at the die (7) position of the die (6). The relative position between the die 7 and the mandrel tip is not moved by the mechanical mandrel fastening means 29.

The end point of the pressure and pissing process is shown in FIG. 3, the pressurized stem is no-loaded forward, and the state of the extrusion start is shown in FIG.

At the position where the pilasting work of the billet A is finished, the tip of the mandrel 27 is inserted into the die hole of the die 6, and a space for determining the cross section of the extruded material is formed by both.

Next, when the hydraulic oil is fed to each of the forward side of the container moving cylinder 13, the side cylinder 19, and the main cylinder 8, the billet (with the relative movement with respect to the main ram 4 of the container 15) is prevented. A) is extruded in the extrusion hole constituted by the die 6 and the mandrel 27. In this case, if the discharge amount of the pump is adjusted so that the moving speed of the container moving cylinder 13 is larger than the moving speed of the main ram 4, when the hydraulic oil is not supplied to the hydraulic oil coupling cylinder, the amount of container moving force is reduced. In addition to the extruding, the container moving force is synchronized with the movement of the stem by the frictional force between the billet and the container.

In addition, when the hydraulic oil is delivered to the hydraulic cuffing cylinder, the piston rod 14 of the container movement cylinder 13 is connected to the container movement frame 12, and the container movement frame 12 and the container 15 are the support rods. Since the container moving frame 12 and the cross head 9 are brought into contact with the hydraulic cuffing cylinder device 21 while being connected to (18), the amount of container moving force is added to the main ram moving force, that is, the extrusion force during extrusion. do.

Therefore, in order to connect the main ram 4 and the container 15 at an arbitrary position according to the length of the billet using the static friction force between the container 15 and the billet A, the hydraulic coupling device 21 of the Tiwing is quite important.

The pressure raising period is after the end of the abutment of the billet A or after the end of the piercing and the piercing process. The frictional force between the container 15 and the billet A is increased by the cuffing device 21 and the container moving cylinder. It starts from the next moment when it becomes larger than the force, and it is the time until extrusion progresses and the length of the billet (A) is shortened so that the friction force becomes shorter than the capacity of both cylinders (13, 21). do.

Therefore, the amount of container moving force is added to the amount of extrusion force via the hydraulic coupling device 21.

In this way, the hydraulic oil is fed to the pressure side of the cylinder 22 of the hydraulic cuffing device to connect the main ram 4 and the container 15 with the friction force between the billet A and the container 15, and the friction force decreases. Until the relative position of both is fixed.

The container moving cylinder 13 and the cylinder 22 of the hydraulic coupling device are of course designed to have the same capacity. As described above, the step-up timing of the hydraulic coupling device 21 is the billet A and the container 15 after the billet's axet or after the extrusion of the hollow material as in the embodiment. ), The frictional force of the hydraulic coupling device cylinder 22 and the container moving cylinder 13 starts from the next moment, and the extrusion progresses and the length of the billet 9A is shortened so that the frictional force of both cylinders 13, The pressure is continuously increased in the intermittent period until it is shorter than the capacity of 22), and both of the container moving cylinder 13 and the cuffing cylinder 22 may be supplied with hydraulic pressure at the same time as long as the conditions are satisfied. Even if hydraulic pressure is provided, there is a cuffing effect.

Immediately before carrying out the extrusion progress in the above-described aspect is illustrated in FIG. 5, the extrusion aspect thereof is illustrated in FIG. 6, and the symbol B in FIG. 6 is an extruded product. While the extrusion capacity is loaded on the die 6 during the extrusion process, in the specific example, since the longitudinal center portion of the die 6 is held by the support arm 32, the precision of the die 6 is further improved. The quality of the extruded product (B) does not deteriorate.

After the extrusion type, it is necessary to cut the closed snow (A ₁ ) and the extruded product (B), but this releases the hydraulic pressure of the main cylinder (8) and at the same time releases the lock of the mechanical mandrel fastening means (29). When the oil is fed to the retracted side of 25), the mandrel 27 is removed from the product and the pestle (A ₁ ), and then the oil is fed to the advancing side of the side cylinder 19, and the pressure stem 10 is forcibly stopped to move the container. The pressure oil is fed to the retreating side of the cylinder and in cooperation with the retraction of the container 15, the tongue A ₁ in the container 15 is discharged to the front of the container 15. Then, when the pressure stem is retracted and the hydraulic oil is fed to the cylinder device 31, the front furniture 30 moves backward and the rear end of the die 6 is held by the support arm 32 as shown in FIG. When the pressurized oil is fed to the front shear cylinder (34), the shearing machine (36) moves toward the center of the press in the direction perpendicular to the press direction, cuts the product (B) and pestle (A ₁ ), and attaches the extruded plate (11). In the meantime, the waste tongue A ₁ is discharged out of the press.

Although this shearing step is illustrated in FIG. 7, the shearing force acts on the die 6 during this shearing step, and a large curved moment acts on the long cylindrical die 6, but the die 6 Since it is held by the support arm 32, a necessary and sufficient back up effect can be expected with respect to the shear force, and the precision holding of the die 6 is promised.

After completion of the shearing step, each member retaliated in the state shown in FIG. 1, where the press extrusion operation was completed once.

The present invention is as described above, and since the container moving capacity can be added as the extrusion force in cooperation with the hydraulic coupling device, the press effective capacity is increased and the connection of the container and the step by the hydraulic coupling is arbitrary along the billet length. It is possible to do it in relative position, and indirect extrusion can be carried out even when the extrusion process is progressed, the billet length becomes small and the static friction of the billet and the container is small, and the container and billet do not fit well There are advantages such as not causing a deterioration of the extruded product quality.

Claims (1)

The die member is operably connected to the main ram and the container, and drives the main ram and the container separately, the moving speed of the container is equal to or greater than the moving speed of the main ram during extrusion, and cooperates with the die member to be mounted on the container. In an extrusion apparatus for generating an extrusion force on a billet, an operating state connected to mounting the billet (A) on the container (15) and at least partially extruding the billet (A) through the die member. Relative to the main ram in order to perform extrusion without changing the relative position along the billet length by using the friction force between the container and the billet so that extrusion is performed on the container and the billet at Indirect, characterized in that the movement is prevented and the amount of movement of the container is added to the extrusion force Extrusion method.

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