KR820000760B1 - Pruging apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

A purging apparatus for removing air from a fluid conduit is a burner nozzle which automatically purges air from the nozzle elements to limit post-drip of liquid fuel from the nozzle. The nozzle has a partitioning element(6) adjacent the burner tip(4) with at least one passage of limited cross-section which, in response to flow of liquid, disperses or atomizes air bubbles by picking them up and ejecting them through the nozzle tip.

Description

Burner nozzle

1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a detailed view from above of FIG. 1 with the partition member of the renovated structure shown in front.

3 is a cross-sectional view of the third embodiment.

4 is a sectional view along line IV-IV of FIG.

5 is a sectional view of a fourth embodiment.

6 is a sectional view of a fifth embodiment.

7 is a sectional view of a sixth embodiment.

8 is a sectional view of a seventh embodiment.

9 is a sectional view of an eighth embodiment.

10 is a sectional view of a ninth embodiment.

11 is a sectional view of a tenth embodiment.

12 and 13 are enlarged views of a part of FIG. 10 before and after insertion into a nozzle holder.

14 is a sectional view of an eleventh embodiment.

15 is a sectional view of a twelfth embodiment.

15 is a sectional view of a thirteenth embodiment.

17 and 18 are front views of parts joined to the embodiment according to FIG. 16.

19 is a sectional view of a fourteenth embodiment according to the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 19. FIG.

The present invention relates in particular to an apparatus for removing air from fluid conduits of oil burner nozzles.

There is a difficulty in removing residual air from the burner nozzle and there is a problem that has not been overcome so far. Usually, a filter is installed in such a nozzle, and the nozzle requires a wide flow path due to its flow reduction effect. The velocity of the liquid to be combusted, usually the oil, is significantly reduced in the flow path due to the inability of air bubbles to be swept away by the liquid flow. Oils up to a very small range respond to changes in pressure and temperature in the form of volume change, but even a small amount of air reacts very largely to such changes in the form of volume change.

In burner nozzles, this is evident in the so-called post-drip form, causing carbon deposition on the nozzles and electrodes and the formation of soot. On the one hand, the pressure of the nozzle changes between atmospheric pressure and pressure up to a total line pressure of 10 gg / cm 2, on the other hand, the incoming oil in the unheated state is significantly heated at the nozzle by post-heating at the end of combustion. do. Air bubbles cooled by the passing oil can increase over time and thus cause the above drawbacks.

This problem has already been witnessed, and attempts have been made to overcome such problems by allowing the nozzle to relax at the same time as the pump operation during its start-up operation after assembly of the burner. However, such a method is very difficult and impossible to implement. Such a problem occurs even when the nozzle is replaced.

For example, a relatively large capacity nozzle of approximately 7.6 liters per hour (2 gallons of gallons) can remove residual air bubbles after 300-500 starts, but soot formation and carbon deposition are true, in a practical test in a transparent nozzle holder. Is shown. The problem increased with smaller capacities, which took six months to exhaust from nozzles with a capacity of about 1.5-1.9 liters per hour (0.4-0.5 US gal).

It has been found that it is practically impossible to remove air from such a chamber when the chamber containing the filter is in the form of a bore with a threaded groove.

It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the above problems and to provide a simple and economical solution. It is the intention of the present invention to solve these problems and save energy.

These objects are achieved according to the invention by means of burner nozzles of the type described above, characterized by means for atomizing fuel and air in the nozzle holder.

Actual test results with burner nozzles according to the present invention showed that complete venting may occur after 1-10 operation start up in normal operation of 15 seconds-15 minutes. Thereby, soot formation and carbon deposition can be almost or completely eliminated.

Further features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show non-limiting embodiments of burner nozzles according to the invention. In the following description and the annexed drawings, the same or similar parts are represented by the same numbers. On the other hand, the nozzle is regarded as one unit, which includes a so-called nozzle tip or the like, and a holder and introduction tube therefor.

In the figure, 1 represents an introduction tube comprising an introduction channel 21, the introduction channel extending for example from a pump (not shown), which is connected to a reservoir for combustion liquid, usually oil. Introduction tube 1 is opened into holder 2 for nozzle tip 4 by the internal threaded groove of through-hole 22 in holder 2 and inserted into the holder. The nozzle tip 4 can have various structures and is therefore only shown schematically in the drawings. As is known, the nozzle tip usually consists of several parts, the parts comprising a conical section with a tangential groove which acts to disperse the combustion liquid as desired. The nozzle tip 4 may of course have any other structure required.

Since the nozzle tip 4 can be screwed into the holder 2, the holder can be designed in a cylindrical or cup shape and can have an internal thread groove 3. The inner threaded grooves may optionally be formed in the entire inner wall or in the partial inner wall in the holder. In holder 2, the nozzle tip 4 protrudes from the chamber 23, in which a filter 5 of known construction is inserted concentrically at intervals on its circumference. In the axial direction, there is a gap between the filter and the nozzle tip, the gap being represented by the chamber 23 as a whole.

The chamber is divided into two parts, a cylindrical rear chamber part 9 and a ring-shaped front chamber part 9 by the partition disk 6. The disc 6 is inserted in the chamber 23 in close contact with the chamber inner wall so that the two parts of the chamber do not pass through each other except for passage means 7 in the form of one or several holes, grooves or the like. The disk 6 is preferably made of plastic or rubber, and suitably has a large dimension, for example several millimeters in the axial direction.

When the passage 7 consists of one groove, hole or the like, the groove or hole is preferably disposed at the highest part of the disc 6. In such a case, the horizontally mounted holder 2 is marked so that passage 7 is always in the upper position during assembly. The cross section of the passage should be small so that the liquid passes at a relatively high speed.

The cross section of passage 7 should therefore be part of the cross section of the introduction channel 21. However, in the first example, the cross section of the passage 7 should have a suitable dimension related to the shape and capacity of the nozzle.

The burner nozzle of FIG. 1 operates in the following manner. That is, after mounting the nozzle in one unit, air is present in the chamber 23. On first start-up, a combustible liquid, for example oil, flows through introduction channel 21 from which oil passes through chamber part 8, passage means 7, chamber part 9, filter 5 and flows out through nozzle tip 4. Because passage 7 is in the upper position, air is immediately adjacent the passage and is more easily collected in its upper position to form bubbles. The oil is forced to pass through the air bubbles formed in the chamber part 8 and flows into the chamber part 9 together with the air bubble parts. In the chamber part 9, air cannot remain in the upper position because oil is strongly introduced into the upper part of the ring-shaped chamber part 9. At this time, one or several air bubbles are quickly and strongly dispersed or atomized and flow out with the oil through the nozzle tip 4.

The burner nozzle according to the invention thus quickly removes all contained air and prevents incomplete combustion.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the chamber part 9 has a threaded groove therein, up to its outer edge, the threaded groove part tending to retain the containing air and the air in the form of small bubbles. Sidewalls of the thread grooves provide some protection against dispersion or atomization. This retention tendency can be seen that the passage means can be effectively prevented when the oblique is placed as indicated by 7 in FIG.

In this way, the oil in the chamber portion 9 makes a rotary motion which can effectively penetrate into the screw groove and release the air bubbles present therewith with the oil. It is preferable that the passage 7 faces from the hole into the chamber part 9 in the same direction as the upward inclination direction of the screw groove.

As another example of the passage 7 in the partition disk 6, two passages having the same structure and effect may be formed.

It may be more advantageous to make the diameter of the disk 6 somewhat larger than the chamber 23 if the disk 6 is to be supported in the part 3 with the internal threaded groove in its working position. In this way, the disk can be screwed into the thread groove portion 3 to force all oil through the passage 7. Of course, in some cases, it is possible to install a steep upward threaded groove 3 and replace the passage with the threaded groove part itself, in which case the disc 6 does not engage the threaded groove part in a sealed manner and thus is desired. A large amount of oil can pass through the screw groove. However, such a structure is usually not desirable because the flow intensity of the oil becomes uniform around the entire disc and the desired intensity flow does not occur in the upper region.

The embodiments of FIGS. 3 and 4 may be largely consistent with the embodiments according to the first or second degrees. In the chamber part 9, preferably in its upper part bristle 11 is arranged radially with respect to filter 5 according to this embodiment. The bristles may extend outwardly from the disk 6 and preferably from the curved protrusions 10, assembled together in monolith with the disk and strength, towards the filter.

The protrusion 10 bears flat against the inner wall of the chamber 9. The bristle 11 has a dispersing or atomizing effect on the air bubbles, and the air bubbles are atomized to quickly pass through the filter 5 with the flow of liquid. Actual test results indicated that the chamber portion 9 was completely free of air after 3-4 minutes of continuous operation, or after 4 or 5 operating starts.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the entire chamber 23 is filled with a fine fibrous material 12, which may be bristle steel wool, fine plastic wire or the like. In this case, the partition disk 6 can be completely removed, but a disk 6 having a passage 7 can be inserted if required. Actual test results indicated that exhaust could occur within about 1 minute or after 2-3 operating starts, i.e. within 5-15 seconds.

Of course, only the upper part of the chamber 23 is sufficient to be filled with such fine fibrous material, but it is certainly desirable to fill the entire chamber with those materials. Similar to bristle 11 or disc 6 and passage 7, microfibrous material 12 reliably achieves atomization of flammable liquids and air upon increasing the speed of liquid passing through the area.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 6, the nozzle tip 4 has an inwardly tapered conical portion 13 protruding into channel 21 of inlet tube 1, which conical portion 13 zeroes the inlet of inlet channel 21 in its tubular portion 24. Sealing by ring 15. An inner shelf 14 is formed at the boundary between the tubular part 24 and the inwardly tapered conical part 13, on which the disk 6 with the passage 7 is supported.

In this case, filter 5 has a pointed structure and is supported on disc 6 with a tip. Bore 16 is penetrated through tubular portion 24. Also in this embodiment, the ring annular chamber 17 is formed between the inwardly tapered conical portion 13 and the filter 5, and another ring-shaped chamber 18 is formed outside the portion 13. Since the chamber 17 branches outward from the disk 6 and its passage 7 is arranged at an angle, a strong rotation of the combustible liquid is obtained, and air is extruded through the filter 5. The flammable liquid is then projected against the filter from the end of the chamber facing away from the disk 6. It has been shown in actual testing that such a burny nozzle may be free of air in approximately 10 seconds in normal operation.

Some oil and air may penetrate through portions 24 and 0-ring 15 to fill the chamber until the same pressure as in introduction channel 21 is present in chamber 18. When the pump is stopped, the pressure in the introduction channel 21, bore 16, chamber 17 drops and the pressure in the outer chamber 18 is sealed against the 0-ring 15 and the introduction tube 1 and is maintained until the next start.

The embodiment according to FIG. 7 agrees to a considerable extent with the embodiment according to FIG. 6, but the 0-ring is replaced by a circumferential groove 19 extending outward from the tubular portion 24 of the nozzle tip 4. In this embodiment, the tubular portion 24 is smaller in diameter than the introduction channel 21.

The recess consists of plastic, deformable rubber or some other elastic material, has a diameter larger than the introduction channel 21 in the expanded state, is bent upon insertion and sealed in the direction against the flow of liquid when the pressure drops. To form. An introduction chamber 25 on the side of disk 6 facing away from filter 5 is shown in FIG. 7, which of course can also be seen in FIG. 6.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 8, a disk 6 with passage means 7 is inserted into the introduction channel 21, with a sharp, rectangular filter 5 extending long into the introduction tube 1, which is sealed to the nozzle tip 4. It is inserted in the way.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 9, the disc 6 is connected to the filter 5 in an assembled unit by means of a sleeved part 26 extending concentrically outward from the disc 6 in the direction towards the tip 4. The sleeved portion 26 has a relatively small diameter adjacent to the disk 6 and expands to a large diameter adjacent to the nozzle tip 4, thus forming notation and mounting means for the ring-shaped filter 5. The ring filter 5 is through the hole 20 with the inner side of the slave part 26, the holes being partially displaced relative to one another in the axial and circumferential directions. In this case, the passage means consists of several holes 7, which holes are arranged at, for example, 120 ° on the circumference of the disc 6. Of course, the arrangement of the passage means 7 may be similarly arranged in the remaining embodiments.

The embodiments according to FIGS. 10 and 11 coincide with each other in a wide range with the embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2. Disc 6 of FIG. 10 may have one or several straight holes 7, while disc 6 of FIG. 11 has one or several obliquely arranged holes 7. Alternatively, the passage means may be constituted by small grooves formed on the outer circumference of the disk to more reliably purify the liquid in the upper region of the chamber 9. In the above two examples, the disk 6 has a central axial guide member 27, the guide member of which one end is mounted to the disk and the other end extends into the introduction channel 21. Guide member 27 together with head 28 may form a spacer between disk 6 and filter 5, if desired.

As shown in detail in FIGS. 12 and 13, disc 6 has a lip 29 on the circumference, which lip elastically deforms upon insertion of the disc into chamber 23 as shown in FIG. Can be. If the hole 7 is omitted, a notch may be formed on the upper portions of the lips to provide a passage means. Disc 6 and guide 27 may be made integrally by something like plastic. The guide member 27 allows the disk 6 to be inserted without bending it and ensures the complete working position of the disk.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 14 and 15 is similar to the embodiment according to FIGS. 10 and 11. The only difference is that the guide member 27 has a head buried in the disk 6 so that there is no space between the disk and the filter 5 and the guide member 27 has a free end of the waveform so that no vibration is introduced in the inlet channel 21. Will be deployed. Since the guide member 27 is made of deformable plastic or other elastic material, it can also be applied to other diameters of the introduction channel 21. Of course, the structure of the guide member and the disk can be one, and can also be of a structure using only one of the above characteristics of the guide member.

Embodiments according to FIGS. 6-8 and 10-15 can deflect air bubbles entering through the introduction channel in the introduction channel.

According to the embodiment shown in FIG. 16, the nozzle has a thick disk 6, which may be used as a set screw inserted from behind into the nozzle tip 4 to secure the conical dispersing member 44. As shown in FIG. A filter 30 can be provided at the rear end of the conical dispersing member, the radial aperture 45 of the member communicating with the filter 30 and the annular cavity 46. In the holder 2, the disk or the fixing screw is fixed by the screw nut 47, and the thread groove 38 of the nut is engaged with the screw groove 3 of the holder.

In the screw nut, a sleeve 36 protruding into the chamber 23 and supporting the main filter 5 is inserted. The trailing part 8 of the chamber 23 extends through the filter 5 to the center of the sleeve 36, the center of which is hollow to provide a space 37.

The outer threaded groove of the screw nut 47 intersects with the axial grooves 35, which grooves can be arranged uniformly, for example, eight around the outer circumference of the nut. Between the tip 4 and the holder 2 these grooves 35 are connected to the annular groove 34, which annular grooves 34 are connected by means of radial connecting grooves 31 with annular grooves 48 on the outer surface of the disc 6. have.

From here it is preferred that one or several connecting channels or passages 49 are through holes 7 extending beyond the disk 6 in the axial direction from the center. Preferably, the hole has enlarged ends in the shape of a trumpet and a restricting portion 42 is formed between the ends.

Another component incorporated in this embodiment is the adjustment ring 41 with passage 50 and inward projection 43 for insertion into the unused connection hole 31. A groove 39 for a screw driver can be provided at the end of the disk 6 away from the tip 4 and a plastic plug 40 can be inserted into the outer circumference of the disk. The plug can be used to seal a screw groove between the screw nut and the set screw. In a conventional manner the holder 2 and the tip 4 are firmly interconnected by surfaces 32 and 33 which are in contact with each other.

The above described embodiments are particularly relevant for components such as holder 2, nozzle tip 4, sleeve 33, filter 5 and conical dispersing member 44, and simpler solutions are possible without using these elements. In addition, other types of other parts may be used.

The above embodiment works as follows. That is, at first startup or when changing nozzles, all the cavities are filled with air. First, the inlet fluid pushes a significant amount of containing air through tip 4 and only a small amount of air remains at the top of the trailing portion 8 of chamber 23. The fluid then passes continuously through main filter 5, passage 7, auxiliary filter 30, hole 45, annular cavity 46 and flows out through the nozzle tip. In this way, the fluid reaches a maximum velocity or maximum pressure upon passage of the restriction 42, after which the velocity and pressure are again reduced due to the enlarged shape of the passage 7 towards the front portion 9 of the other chamber.

Since the fluid in the trailing part 8 of the chamber 23 has the same maximum pressure as in the limiting part 42, the low pressure generated in the passage 7 causes the connecting passage 49, the annular groove 48, the connecting passage 31, the annular groove 34 and the axial groove 35 It has the possibility to be delivered to the top of the chamber part 8 through, and the residual air is stagnated on top of the chamber part. By these pressure differences, the residual air is sucked into the chamber part 9 and extruded through the tip 4 in the manner described above. The passage in tip 4 has a short, small cross-sectional area that prevents air from stagnation again. It was found in actual testing that such a nozzle would be free of air within 5 seconds.

When mounting such a nozzle, the following procedure can be applied. That is, a nozzle tip assembly having all parts except holders may be screwed into the holders, marked on top of the tips, or indexed on the entire circumference of the tip. The tip is then remounted and the adjustment ring 41 is rotated such that the passage 50 contacts the next axial groove 35 so that it is positioned adjacent to the mark or the desired index point and thus one connecting hole 31 located at the top. Only one can communicate with the annular groove 48 while all remaining connection holes are blocked by the projection 43.

In that way, continuous inhalation occurs only through the top of chamber 8. A single passage 49 is sufficient, but can be several if required. The ring 41 breaks all axial grooves 35 and that groove is not used. All cross-sectional dimensions are selected such that small air marks can easily flow into the chamber portion 9 with the fluid without the risk of new air congestion.

If by any means it is possible to ensure that holder 2 can be securely positioned in the upper position, a fairly simple structural design with only one axial groove 35 and only one connecting hole 31 can be adopted for such a nozzle.

However, the principle according to the invention is not changed. Hole 7 does not have to have a trumpet-shaped end. Instead, the end of the hole 7 closest to the chamber part 8 may be a cylindrical hole of relatively small diameter.

The screw nut 47 may be made as a unit together with the tip 4. Instead of an axially continuous groove 35, short axial cuts can be provided in the upper part of the holder starting from the chamber part 8.

The alternating parts allow air to enter and then pass through the thread groove, with a regular enlarged thread groove spacing, and finally to be drawn into the annular groove 34.

In this case, only one connection passage 31 may be sufficient, but in general, the adjustment ring 41 may be omitted without losing the desired effect of removing air from the nozzle assembly.

The embodiment according to FIGS. 19 and 20 does not change the main principle according to the present invention and includes some other new principle. In this example, holder 2 has channel 21 eccentrically connected to the upper region (this may be possible in all other embodiments in which such a structure may be provided).

Similar to FIG. 16, tip 4 has a cone shaped member 44 to provide an annular cavity 46 and a radial hole 45. FIG. A continuous axial bore 52 of the connecting piece 51 acting as a fixing bolt is connected to the cavity 55, and at one end of the connecting piece has a screw driver groove 39, and at the end of the groove the filter support 54 of the filter 5 Is in contact. The filter 5 is inserted in the partition disk 6. The disk 6 has an outer threaded groove 3 and is preferably made integral with the tip 4. The holder 2 has an axial groove 35 at least at the top, i.e. in the upper position, which groove can bypass the thread groove 3 and interconnect the upper region of the rear end 8 of the chamber 23 and the annular groove 34.

An elastic case 53 is arranged around the filter 5, and a chamber portion 9 is formed between the case and the filter 5. This chamber portion 9 is through the annular groove 34 and the axial groove 35 and through the passage 7 with the top of the trailing portion 8 of the chamber 23. The passage 7 is preferably arranged at a plurality of positions at even intervals on the circumference of the disc 6. These holes, ie passage 7, may be somewhat inclined.

Such a nozzle works as follows. That is, when the liquid enters the chamber portion 8, the pressure rises, and the pressure presses the elastic case until the chamber portion 9 is finally gone. At the same time, the fluid passes through the axial groove 35, the annular groove 34, the hole 7 and passes through the filter 5, the bore 52, the cavity 55, the hole 45, the annular cavity 46, and passes through the nozzle tip. At the same time, the stagnant air at the top position of the chamber portion 8 is quickly and effectively discharged. Here relatively light air takes precedence over very heavy fluids and thus there is no air in the entire nozzle when the fluid is discharged from the nozzles.

Since the elastic case is hermetically connected to the disc 6, the case expands and remains at the top of the chamber portion 8 through the axial groove 35, the annular groove 34, the hole 7 even after the fluid supply is completed. Inhale small air bubbles and fluids.

These air stagnates in the chamber part 9 and extrudes effectively and quickly past filter 5 and tip 4 at the next start up. In that way, at least on the second start, the entire nozzle is completely free of air. If case 53 is inflated when all air (very light and very easily compressible) is extruded out of the nozzle, then after initial start-up, a more or less complete control of air discharge can be made. Such expansion of case 53 can occur in operation as long as it is acceptable for various dimensions.

According to a modified embodiment, the case 53 may be practically incompressible, and the annular chamber portion 9 in the case is selected to have a relatively small width such that small air bubbles entering through the small holes 7 are filtered out of the filter and nozzle tip 4. It can be easily discharged by the strong fluid flow through.

The holes 7 are through an elastically deformable case, and immediately after the start of fluid supply, the case is compressed and at least partially covers the ends of the passages adjacent to filter 5, until all air is discharged out of the nozzle, Only easily compressible air is allowed to pass through the ends of the passages.

Claims (1)

In the burner nozzle, a nozzle tip is mounted at both ends of the hollow holder, an introduction channel is connected to the other end, and a chamber is formed between both ends of the holder, and a filter is installed in the chamber. And a partition wall means 6 made of a disk for dividing the chamber 23 between the introduction channel 21 and the nozzle tip 4 into a rear portion 8 and a front portion 9 is installed, and at the rear thereof. A burner nozzle, characterized in that a flow passage (7) is arranged in the partition means so as to be adjacent to the wall of the front portion so as to communicate the portion and the front portion.

Images