KR820000282B1 - Incinerator for waste products - Google Patents

Abstract

An incinerator comprises an ignition chamber(8) with a combustion chamber immediately below it. The gas outlet passages(28a,28b) from the combustion chamber(12) partly or completely cover the outer walls of the ignition chamber(8), so that their inner walls form the chamber outer walls. The ratio of height to width of the ignition chamber is such that the heat transmitted from the passages penetrates right to the core of the heap of material in the chamber. Between the two chambers are components forming a grating(10), closed at the top. These are fixed to a shaft moving them to form passages for gases & solids.

Description

Waste combustion apparatus

1 is a front sectional view along a central axis in the combustion apparatus of the present invention.

2 is a side cross-sectional view on a central axis in the combustion apparatus of the present invention.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste combustion apparatus, and more particularly, to a waste combustion apparatus capable of satisfactorily combusting solid or optionally liquid containing waste.

In general, a waste combustion apparatus has a pyrolysis chamber at the top and a combustion chamber at the bottom thereof. The lower combustion chamber is surrounded by an inclined grate face, and the filler is supported in the pyrolysis chamber on the grate face, and the solid introduced on the grate is burned. It burns with flame and melts.

In this case, the grate forms the upper closure of the slag chamber, and the slag chamber is introduced into the molten phase by slag formed by pyrolysis in the combustion chamber and cooled at the bottom of the drip tray. A portion of the disposal of the combustion chamber is led above the pyrolysis chamber to form pyrolysis gas, which is guided out of the apparatus to cool and the corrosive components are separated to act as additive fuel.

That is, the pyrolysis gas withdrawn from the top of the pyrolysis chamber is cooled externally so that the liquid components are separated in the separator, and the components that cannot be melted are subjected to countercurrent flow of pyrolysis gas containing hot impurities before being used again as combustion gases in the apparatus. By cooling.

The disposal of the combustion chamber introduced into the pyrolysis chamber transfers the waste heat of the gasification zone and the combustion air supplied under the grate to the outside of the apparatus, and separate waste heat is used because of the external heat consumption before the waste is discharged through the communication. Dust is removed via a normal structure.

All kinds of wastes are processed by the apparatus and transferred to molten slag. When the wastes and gases in the pyrolysis chamber are guided to the counter flow of the wastes, the pyrolysis gas is returned by returning through an external heat exchange and gas purifying apparatus. Since combustion is realized, this is not only very complicated but also expensive equipment has been required.

In view of the above, the present invention is simple and economical for pyrolysis of all kinds of wastes, and continuous combustion is possible. It is easy to enlarge, and pyrolysis and combustion are carried out in the tooth.

The apparatus of the embodiment of the present invention is configured such that the waste pipe of the combustion chamber completely or partially covers the outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber while the coated wall surface of the pyrolysis chamber is formed to form the inner wall of the gas suction pipe passage, one between the pyrolysis chamber and the combustion chamber. Or a plurality of opening / closing members are divided into pyrolysis chambers of the upper part and pivotally or rotatably supported on one shaft, and the openings and closing members form differently sized openings for pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis chamber to the combustion chamber during operation and burn The air supply unit communicates with the combustion chamber below the opening / closing member, and the height of the pyrolysis chamber is several times its internal dimension, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings below.

1 is a front sectional view along the central axis in the combustion apparatus of the present invention, wherein the containers 1a and 1b are rotated 180 ° above the feed pipes 5a and 5b by means of the hardness devices 3a and 3b. The wastes supplied to the containers 1a and 1b and reached the pyrolysis chamber by the hardness device and the feeding pipe are collected on the opening and closing members 10a and 10b.

Burner insertion pipes 16a and 16b are provided at both sides of the pyrolysis chamber 8, and burner 14a and 14b inserted into the head are arranged such that the positive flame axis of the cone intersects at one point on the central axis. Excreted. After burner flame ignition, the heat supply is concentrated in the interior of the waste deposit, endothermic drying, degassing and gasification processes are introduced, and burner is shut off after the whole process starts. Down or horizontally and the opening and closing members 10a and 10b are operated downward or horizontally through outwardly connected handles or corresponding drive units (not shown) to enlarge or reduce the spacing 18 while in the pyrolysis chamber. Lay up the contents.

Endothermic Sector Process The movement of related indoor objects acts on the grinding of pyrolysis residues. The solid residue that has fallen through the gap 18 and dropped into the lower combustion chamber 12 burns completely in the combustion chamber when it contains the combustible portion. Combustion air required in the lower combustion chamber for combustion of the pyrolysis product flows out into the combustion chamber 12 through the connecting portions 9a and 9b in the pivotal axis range of the switchgear and simultaneously cools the opening / closing member to thermally decompose the upper portion. It is possible to prevent thermal overload in the chamber and lower combustion chamber. The ash formed at the bottom of the combustion chamber is conveyed to the discharge chamber 20 by the discharge mold 19, and the ash cooled through the discharge surface 22 connected to the bottom right of the discharge chamber of the ash by the ash conveying apparatus 21. It is discharged into a container of ash 24 having a closure cover 26.

2 shows a side cross section on the central axis of the combustion apparatus for carrying out the present invention.

As shown in the figure, a gas outlet pipe and an ash discharge chamber are formed, and gas discharge pipe passages 28a and 28b are disposed on both sides of the pyrolysis chamber so that the wall of the pyrolysis chamber is removed by the withdrawal of waste from the combustion chamber. Heat is received on both sides, and the waste is passed through the filters 30a and 30a before entering the sump conduit 32a.

On the other hand, the discharge chamber 20 disposed laterally has a spray device 20a for quick cooling of the ash, and the upper part 20b of the discharge chamber is connected to a water pipe (not shown), and the side auxiliary shaft 20c is provided. Is used for receiving the discharge frame at the unit value on the side of the ash discharge chamber.

In the example of the combustion apparatus for implementing this invention, the cross sectional dimension of the pyrolysis chamber 8 is 1000 mm or more, and the wall defining at least this dimension of the pyrolysis chamber 8 is a combustion chamber 12 directly connected to the pyrolysis chamber. Is used to support the waste conduits 28a and 28b, preferably using perpendicularly intersecting walls, in which case the width of the yarn is 300-1000 mm and the ratio of the width and length of the yarn is 1: 1-1: 5 or so.

In this case, waste pipes 28a and 28b of the combustion chamber 12 are formed on the pair of walls facing the pyrolysis chamber 8, while opening / closing members 10a and 10b are formed on the other pair of walls facing the pyrolysis chamber 8. It is.

And depending on the selected shape and dimensions of the cross section of the seal, the length of the heat transfer path from the large wall and the seal wall to the center of the deposit is used for the heat transfer of the combustion gases to the solid waste. In addition, in incineration of solid waste, an average minimum calorific value is assumed, and this calorific value is possible by simply adding waste material having a high calorific value even for waste having a low calorific value, thus saving fuel with a high calorific value for maintaining combustion.

An advantageous configuration of the device example of the present invention is that the combustion air is introduced through the opening and closing members 10a and 10b, and is formed to exit the combustion chamber through the lower opening, and is in communication with the combustion air supply. In this case, the opening / closing members 10a and 10b are preferably cooled by combustion air. And the air supply part of the upper part of the opening-closing member 10a, 10b is led to the pyrolysis chamber 8 for supplying air to the lower part of the pyrolysis chamber.

The preferred solution, particularly for space saving and functional safety, is achieved by the direct connection of a plurality of pyrolysis chambers 8 so that one common communicating gas guiding passage is present in the adjacent space on the side for increased processing capacity.

Burners 14a and 14b for starting the combustion apparatus can be disposed in front and behind the opening and closing members 10a and 10b in the flow direction. These burners 14a and 14b are disposed on opposite facing walls in the case of a small width as a spherical cross section for improvement of protection and access in the head of the burner insertion pipes 16a and 16b.

Even if the waste does not reach the minimum calorific value, in order to ensure the required combustion temperature in all cases, a support burner may be installed, which is located below the opening and closing members 10a and 10b, to provide Similar to the starting burners 14a and 14b, they are disposed on the walls of the lower combustion chamber.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the center axis of the ash discharge chamber is displaced with respect to the center axis of the upper pyrolysis chamber 8 and the lower combustion chamber 12, and is disposed on a large width wall side. The height of the combustion apparatus is in this way supported low, taking into account the free space required for the passage and manipulation of ash and all passages are opened for ash discharge. Sliding plates or sliding frames are advantageous for moving conical ashes under the lower chamber into the discharge chamber.

In this case, in the unit value on the re-export side, the frame is received by an auxiliary insertion tube enclosing the frame on three sides and below and above, while the frame is through the discharge chamber on the fourth side. As a result, the auxiliary insertion pipe receives a negative pressure similar to that of the closed combustion apparatus.

In the apparatus according to the present invention, the waste heat of the exothermic combustion process of the combustion chamber is returned to the center of the waste deposition through the short heat conduction through the wall of the pyrolysis chamber 8, and the situation is endothermic drying in the pyrolysis chamber 8, The degassing and gasification process is carried out, and the opening and closing members 10a and 10b of the transition section cross section between the pyrolysis chamber and the combustion chamber are operated to open to allow the solid and gaseous pyrolysis products to pass through, and to open and close the opening and closing members 10a and 10b. Above the air, the waste is supplied with air to form a sufficient volume and sufficient high temperature burning bed to achieve advanced gasification, in which case the strength of the solid pyrolysis residue is considerably lowered, and the solid pyrolysis residue is considerably The size of the finely divided fragments obtained when pulverized ensures complete combustion of the solid pyrolysis residue in the combustion chamber, and the combustion of the pyrolysis product Order and is characterized in that combustion air is supplied to the lower side of the opening and closing member (10a) (10b).

The still combustible pyrolysis residue that has reached the combustion chamber 12 is completely burned in the combustion chamber 12. If the water content of the waste is insufficient, the waste can be wetted with water or steam before entering the pyrolysis chamber 8 or the pyrolysis chamber. This measure ensures a complete water gas reaction.

The opening / closing members 10a and 10b restrain waste to form a sufficient amount of burning image, and in the case of the movement of the opening and closing members 10a and 10b, charge the waste into the combustion chamber as much as desired and further pyrolyze. The three tasks of crushing and laminating waste in the chamber 8 are met.

And the endothermic and exothermic processes are spatially separated from each other, there is no mutual influence, and the whole process is performed through a simple adjustment process and a control process. By the apparatus of the present application, a heat cycle is formed in the apparatus, and the waste heat is returned for the inherent process, and as a result, a pyrolysis process and a combustion process are performed in the apparatus without charging the added fuel.

By the combustion apparatus according to the present invention, solid and powdery waste can be added and combusted with liquid without pretreatment. This can be applied to household dust, special dust, radial waste and dust in hospitals, which are usually separate and composed of many, and many external aids, especially those equipped with heat exchangers and separators, are operated in combination.

Claims (1)

In a combustion apparatus having a pyrolysis chamber and a combustion chamber directly connected to the lower portion of the combustion apparatus for burning solid and liquid-containing wastes, the waste pipe passages 28a and 28b of the combustion chamber 12 connect the outer wall of the pyrolysis chamber 8. While completely or partially covering, the coated wall surface of the pyrolysis chamber 8 allows the inner wall of the gas suction pipe to be formed, and opening portions of different sizes can be formed between the pyrolysis chamber 8 and the combustion chamber 12. One or more opening / closing members 10 are pivotally or rotatably supported on one shaft by dividing an upper portion thereof into a pyrolysis chamber 8, and a supply of combustion air is provided under the opening chamber 10 under the combustion chamber 12. And the height of the pyrolysis chamber (8) is several times its internal size.

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