KR800001542B1 - Lining of containers for bulk cargo - Google Patents

Abstract

A pair of flexible, load distributing, front cross members, a rear frame, & a rear bulkhead, mount and securely retain a flexible bag as a liner within a freight container to adapt the container for bulk cargo transport. The front cross members(30,31) retain the front end of the liner bag and are secured at opposite ends to structural members, thus supporting the front end of the bag against displacement and possible damage or rupture, and transmitting the bag forces to the structural members.

Description

Powder Cargo Loading Container

1 is a perspective view of a container provided with a flexible bag.

2 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG.

4 is a perspective view of the container front part of FIG.

5 is an enlarged perspective view of the support member.

Figure 6 and Figure 7 is an enlarged perspective view of the cross section of the end of the support member.

8 is a cross-sectional view of installing a support member on the upper frame.

9 is an enlarged perspective view of the support bracket.

10 is an enlarged perspective view of the support member end and the support bracket.

11 is a cross-sectional view of the support member of FIG.

12 is a partial side view of FIG.

The present invention relates to cargo handling of containers for cargo transportation, and more particularly to a flexible plastic bag installation method. Containers are useful in modern sea transport.

Standardized containers or crates are very widely used for land and sea freight transport, and different types of containers are used depending on the type of cargo. Therefore, there have been many attempts to make a conventional container available for transporting powders or liquid cargoes. However, when handling powder or granular cargoes, it is important that containers be kept clean and clean because they are easy to leak or spill and have to load other cargoes soon after unloading.

In early 1918, U.S. Patent No. 1,268,025 described a railcar for a railroad car equipped with a removable liner, but with the current loading and unloading technology, a lot of containers developed. However, the provision of a temporary bag so as to load powder cargo as a conventional container has the advantage that it can be immediately loaded with other cargo because only the bag for the liner is removed without the need for cleaning after cargo unloading. As in the invention, the installation of flexible plastic sacks in containers is not only useful for handling various kinds of cargo, but also has an efficient and inexpensive bag.

Modern containers are used not only for sea and rail, but also for wheeled land, and for standard trailer trucks, 8-8.5 feet high and 8 feet wide, 40 or 20 feet long. Ships carry trucks carrying containers with cargo to the docks, and only the containers at the docks are removed from the chassis and loaded on the ships and then transported by ships. Cargo, from ship to final assigner, has the advantage of being delivered in sealed containers.

Containers currently in use are manufactured by the Prow Howe Company of Detroit City, Michigan, or the Trail Mobile Company of Cincinnati, Ohio, and are used for all types of cargo ships. Originally, the container was used for the fragile cargo, but the removable bag was used to transport various cargoes economically. However, commodities such as powdered chemicals, acids, starches, powders, granular resins, cements, clays, coffee, flours, and grains have difficulties in handling, such as breaking flexible bags in some cases.

For example, in a container where a flexible bag or temporary partition is installed at a position adjacent to the rear door as in the prior art, the flexible bag may be opened when the tail door is opened when the cargo is unloaded because the pressure caused by the movement of the cargo and the cargo moves during transportation. There will be a large load behind. In addition, in the conventional unloading procedure, since the cargo was unloaded by a hole drilled in the lower rear portion of the flexible bag, the flexible bag was cracked or damaged when unloading the container front part. To prevent this, a method of temporarily supporting the flexible bag with cardboard or wooden partitions or placing it on the roof of the container using a number of hooks has been developed. Zipper).

U.S. Patent Application No. 416,580 (Nov. 16, 1973) (Korean Patent No. 4085/74) and U.S. Patent Nos. 3,386,605, 3,696,952 by Applicant describe the loading and unloading of liner bags and compound. It is also described in a paper published by Railway Age (1960.8.29).

Moreover, the flexible bags installed in the above-mentioned US Pat. Nos. 3,386,605 and 3,696,952 containers had the risk of tearing the bags because the stress concentrated on the first half of the flexible bags during cargo unloading, and in order to prevent this, the external support member must be Although necessary, it is preferable that such an external support member is removed.

By installing the above-mentioned support in U.S. Patent No. 416,580 (Korean Patent Application No. 4085/74), a container with a partition and a flexible bag solves an attempt to improve a conventional container for loading powder cargo, in particular, a frame. And partitions are inexpensive enough to be discarded after a single use, have rigidity and are more economical if used repeatedly and are economical and practical because they are easy to install partitions and flexible bags. The frame installed at the front end supports the flexible bag and prevents the front part of the flexible bag from tearing by tilting during transport or unloading unless deformed by the load of the frame. The frame on the back is flexible but rigid, supporting loads and vertical partitions during transport or unloading.

The initial load acting on the turret during unloading appears at the front end of the turret, so it is necessary to restrain the turret at this position. In the apparatus described in U.S. Patent No. 416,580 (Korean Patent Application No. 4085/74), the front frame is made of a thin tube with a bottom transverse member supported at the edge between the bottom of the container and the front wall and at the end of the rack. A leg is inserted and upwardly at the same time slightly inclined backwards to come into contact with the transverse members of the roof of the container. The lower shear portion of the flexible bag is elastically installed on the lower transverse member of the front frame, while the upper shear portion of the flexible bag is elastically installed on the upper transverse member of the front frame and the upper transverse member is between the two support portions projecting forward from the leg. Is installed. Therefore, when the front frame is installed, the upper horizontal member of the front frame is supported on the front wall of the container below the corner casting of the container to support the upper front end of the flexible bag. In particular, in order to facilitate the installation of the front frame, a spring is installed in the end of the lower transverse member to raise the leg upwards. Therefore, the flexible bag is fixed along the entire length of the lower transverse member so that the stress weight is reduced and the load is distributed evenly so that the crack is prevented. In other words, the force pulling the bottom of the flexible bag rearwards during cargo loading is transmitted to the roof transverse member and the bottom of the container because of the legs, while the force pulling the upper shear of the flexible bag is transverse to the front wall and the leg and roof side of the container because of the upper transverse member. Delivered to the member.

In U. S. Patent No. 416, 580, at the rear end of the upper front end, the upper end of the flexible bag is fixed to the upper transverse member of the rear frame while supporting the flexible bag with a semi-cylindrical vertical partition made of aluminum. On the other hand, the rear frame has a U-shape because both legs are connected at the upper end of the transverse member, and the lower end of the leg is fixed to the lower transverse support member. At this time, the leg and the transverse member of the rear frame are also made of pipe, while the support member is made of wood, and at its end there is a cutting portion to which the lower end of the leg is fixed.

In addition, the rear frame and partition serve as a funnel to ensure that the cargo loaded in the flexible bag is completely unloaded when the cargo is unloaded. This partition does not require an external support member at the time of unloading, it is light in weight, it is easy to install even if arrangement | positioning or a dimension of a roof transverse member is easy, and various unloading facilities can be utilized easily. From the testing of the front frame described in U.S. Patent No. 416,580, and from the way the flexible bag is attached, the back motion of the upper transverse support member is mainly resisted by the force acting on the opposite end, so that the support member has sufficient strength It can be seen that the bending force is resisted by the rigid support member. Likewise, the lower transverse member is subjected to bending forces under load because a large counter-force is applied at the end. Since the transverse members have some resistance to each other, the frame associated with the transverse member collapses after the bending force of the transverse member reaches a certain level.

While the flexible bags described in US Pat. No. 416,580 are suitable for relatively low density cargoes, in large density cargoes the front frame will exceed elastic limits due to the load acting during transport or unloading. For example, in a material with a density of 20-100 16 / ft ³ , the unloading angle is increased to 50 ° from the tilt angle or 10-50 ° and the load on the transverse member amounts to 13,500 pounds. These loads are difficult to install in containers due to their large diameters or weights so that pipes or tubes can handle them.

In addition, the container roof made of aluminum has to bear the load applied to the front frame, and therefore cannot bear huge loads.

The present invention relates to an improvement of the flexible bag described above in U.S. Patent Application No. 416,580 and primarily relates to a front support for a flexible bag. In the apparatus of the present invention, the front upper part and the lower part of the bag allow a pair of laterally extending upper and lower transverse members to withstand relatively large loads. This member may be fixed to ordinary container edge castings or struts, or to a chanel or horizontal beam fixed to the front wall of the container. Thus, the transverse member is bent to distribute the load almost equally to the flexible bag attaching surface, and the load applied to the transverse member is canceled by the tension, so that the transverse member can be light and small despite the high load. Therefore, the transverse member is an elastic and tension member.

The aft of the turret is supported by the top transverse member and secured to the container aft structure as in the method of U.S. Patent 416,580 described above or at least at the top.

Each cross member is a wire rope or cable with collars, which are supported by brackets or collars, or by hooks welded to edge castings or struts. In addition, the upper and lower transverse ends of the flexible bag have tubular adhesive portions extending to the width of the bag so that each transverse member passes through the tubular part. These transverse members are tested to show that they can support large loads and high density cargoes.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a support device for a flexible bag support container capable of supporting a greater load than a conventional support member. Another object is to provide a facility for installing and supporting a flexible bag simply and conveniently.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, along with other advantages of the present invention and a description of the dividers. Conventional box-type freight container 10 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is a form used for land transportation by installing wheels as well as sea and railroad. The container 10 is a standard trailer dump specification and is 8-8.5 feet high and 8 feet, 20 feet or 40 feet long. Generally, the box-shaped container 10 has a front wall 11, a bottom 12, a roof 13, a side wall 14 and a rear door 15. The roof 13 is supported by the transverse member 16 (FIG. 2) having a T-shaped cross section although the complicated elements are shown in the figure for simplicity. At this time, the horizontal member 16 of the roof may have a channel-shaped cross section and the roof itself may have a diameter cut in the transverse direction. In any case, the sealed container should support the roof with the horizontal member.

The inner upper edge of the container is provided with a block-shaped corner casting 17 for handling the container, so that the casting 17 can resist a relatively high force. The tailgate 15 is located on the frame 18 with the transverse upper member 56. Other doors may be constructed in this manner and the bottom 12 is provided with longitudinal rails 19 along each side wall.

The desired type of container is a relatively strong structure in which a pair of front edge struts 8, 9 extending from the rail 19 to the roof 13 are vertical. Typically these struts 8, 9 can resist relatively strong forces.

The flexible bag is suspended in the container 10 and is shown in the first, second, and fourth degrees. The flexible bag consists of a square polyethylene seamless tube about 6mls thick and the end is sealed, usually 20-40 feet in length and generally rectangular bag. The flexible bag according to the present invention will be described later in the following, but in Figs. 1 and 2 there are transverse attachment portions 21, 22, 23, 24 at the front and rear of the front and rear and front and rear surfaces.

Conventional flexible bags unloaded cargo into one hole in the back wall of the bag by tilting the front of the container to more than 45 ° when unloading the cargo. This is because the support at the bottom of the front end was incomplete. According to U.S. Patent Application No. 416,580, the crack is prevented by the adoption of a support frame adjacent the front wall 11 and extending between the floor 12 and the roof 13.

As mentioned above, the front support frame works well when the flexible bag has a relatively low density. However, relatively high density materials do not withstand the load, which can reach 13,500 pounds, causing the frame to bend or displace, causing the lightweight frame to rupture from time to time. It does not bear the load applied by the top of the front support frame when it contains high density materials.

In the device of the present invention, the front and top cross sections of the flexible bag are supported by a pair of stretchable transverse members 30, 31, the members 30, 31 being subjected to tension when the bag is loaded under load. ) To the opposite end of the member. However, if necessary, only the members 30 and 31 may be used, and support members of the type as described in the aforementioned patent application No. 416,580 may be used. For example, the horizontal member 30 is fixed to the brackets 32 and 33 welded to the edge casting 17. The horizontal member 31 is fixed to the brackets 34 and 35 welded to the vertical edges 8 and 9, respectively. In some cases, the struts 8 and 9 cover the inner surface with a Venetian plate or the like, and the inner cover is cut to expose portions of the struts 8 and 9. As illustrated in FIGS. 5-8, the transverse members 30 and 31 may be in the form of an elastic wire rope or cable 30a having cylindrical collars 36 and 37.

Each bracket 32, 33, 34, 35 is the same or as shown in Figures 5-7. The bracket 33 thus has a key hole 38, and the hole 38 has a large cross section sufficient to end the collar 37 and a small cross section larger than the wire rope or cable 30a. The bracket 33 is fixed to the front upper casting 17 by welding or a suitable method.

The distance between the inner ends of the collars 36 and 37 is the same as the distance between the brackets 32 and 33 to be a straight line when the transverse member 30 is installed. However, the distance of the collars 36 and 37 is slightly larger than the distance of the brackets 32 and 33 so that the wire rope or cable 30a is suspended in a chain. For example, the space between the inner surfaces of collars 36 and 37 may be about two inches larger than the space between brackets 32 and 33.

After the collar 37 is inserted into the hole 38 of the bracket 33, it is supported by inserting a conical wedge 39 whose end is cut into the larger side of the hole 38 as shown in FIGS.

인치 케이블(30a)은 시험결과 6,500파운드 이상을 지탱할 수 있다. 따라서, 작은직경과 무게에도 불구하고 횡부재(30)은 유연성 포대가 고밀도의 물질을 포함할 때 발생되는 하중을 지탱할 수 있다. 또한 교차부재(30)는 선적 목적으로 감겨질 수 있어 선적규격을 감소시킬 수도 있다. 케이블(30a)는 자연 또는 합성고무 튜브(40)(제5도)는 둘러쌓여 케이블(30a)에 의해 포대의 부착면적(21)의 부식을 방지한다.The wire rope or cable 30a is relatively small in diameter and bears a load on the flexible bag which acts on dense material. For example,

Inch cable 30a may support more than 6,500 pounds as a result of testing. Thus, despite the small diameter and weight, the cross member 30 can support the loads generated when the flexible bag contains a high density of materials. In addition, the cross member 30 may be wound for shipping purposes, thereby reducing the shipping standard. The cable 30a is surrounded by a natural or synthetic rubber tube 40 (FIG. 5) to prevent corrosion of the attachment area 21 of the bag by the cable 30a.

Although the bag attachment surface and method of attachment of the type described in patent application 416,580 can be used to secure the bag to the cross member 30, a flexible bag is stacked on the cross member 30 as in FIG. Thus, the wall portions 41 and 42 of the flexible bag B are stacked to form a tubular adhesive surface 21. The ends of the wall portions 41 and 42 may be heat sealed and the surfaces 41 to 41 41 may be sealed and, if necessary, reinforced with a strip 44 of plastic material, such as vinyl tape. 44 may be heat sealed to the surface of the wall portion 41.

Brackets 32-35 may be replaced in the form of FIG. 9 if desired. In FIG. 9, the bracket 80 has an opening 81 through which the collar 36 can enter and a hole 82 slightly larger than the cable 30a and narrower than the outer diameter of the collar 36. Thus, the collar 36 and the cable 30a are supported by the end wall of the bracket 80 when the collar 36 is inserted into the opening 82. The bracket 80 is fixed to the casting 17 by welding.

The cargo contained in the bag at the time of shipment may be forced or displaced backwards against the rear door of the container. When the container is unloaded by tilting, the rear end of the turret and the container door are strongly loaded. For this reason, along with the supporting device for supporting the rear end of the bag described in patent application No. 416,580, a basic part, a lightweight, flexible cargo supporting frame therein, is used together with the front support device of the present invention.

As described in patent application 416,580, a lightweight, stretchable aluminum plate is effectively used as the concealment 46 when reinforced with steel. However, other kinds of metal plates may also be used with reinforcement. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the rear partition member 46 is generally bent and installed in a semicircular shape. The standard container is about 8 feet wide and the partition member 46 is 12 feet or more in length. The height of the partition 46 is slightly lower than the height of the container, allowing the bag B to be loaded through the opening 20 after the partition is installed. Partition 46 forms the rear frame and the partition assembly 45.

Referring to FIG. 2, it can be seen that the semi-circle base 47 is hypothesized transversely in the container at the bottom 12. The curved tail of the base serves as a template in which the curved surface of the partition 46 is formed. A brace or spreader element 52 is attached to the front, forming a part of the base 47 and extending adjacently adjacent at the tip.

In order to support the partition, a side member or a second 55 extending downward of each of the transverse members 54 is provided at the top. The leg 55 is a straight pipe, and the horizontal member 54 has a bent cross section received at the open end of the leg 55. The frame 53 can be used as an integral tubular pipe bent to have a ∩-shape.

As in FIG. 2, the curved frame 53 has a top transverse member 54 resting on the top transverse 56 of the rear door frame 18 when the bottom 57 of the leg 55 is at the container bottom 12. As shown in FIG. It is the size that will be. The leg 55 is inclined downward and forward to be located between the partition 46 and the sides 13 and 14 of the container. The brace or spreader element 52 has a face cut forward in the base to hold the leg end 57 and fit the leg end 57. A rigidly elastic strip 62, such as metal, is attached to the brace element 52 and usefully supports the leg 55 at the element end 57.

The semi-circular tip of the partition 46 is bent to have a shape that fits each other at the curved rear end 48 of the foundation 47 and in this state, the downward pressure is firmly supported by the partition member 46.

The rear face of the partition 46 supports the vertically acting pressure in the turret by securing a number of horizontal or semi-circular steel strips 65 on the legs 55 of the frame 53. In the partition 46, since the vertical pressure distribution of the load is larger than the upper portion, the lower support portion of the lower load than the upper portion is more closely reinforced by the auxiliary supporting means. The load distribution can be easily measured and horizontal bands can sometimes be installed vertically.

The length of the continuous strip 65 can be from lowest to highest depending on the direction of the leg 55. Of course, the length of the strip 65 varies depending on the use condition, but can be standardized for standard containers. The attaching surface 22 of the upper end of the bag 22 may be fixed along the length of the transverse member 54 and the lower surface 24 may be fixed to the spreader element 52. However, if necessary, similar to the bracket 32, 33 may be welded to the upper transverse member 56 of the rear door frame 18, and the attachment surface 22 of the upper rear end may be suspended by the transverse member 20. It may be.

The inner partition and frame portion 54 according to the present invention are inclined to bear the load of the entire cargo when unloading the cargo, and serve as the external partition used in the conventional system at the time of unloading, as well as the container door 15 during transportation. Further force is applied to the transverse member 56 of the frame 18. A more useful part of curved partitions is that they act as a funnel when unloading. The central lower end face of the partition has a trough 74 in communication with the conveyor pipe.

For the cargo unloading, the bag is kneeled down and the cargo flows out through the installed unloading pipe when the container front is raised through the opening of the trough 74 of the partition 46. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the strip 65 can support a flat flange 75 for supporting the trough 74.

In particular, the partition 45 is separated from the rear door 15 in the front direction of the container 10 so that the load does not reach the door. This space makes it possible to install the trough 74 before loading. It should also be noted that there is a loading hole 20. The loading hole 20 has a sleeve 20a which is a cargo supply line and a sleeve 20a which discharges air at the time of loading.

Bag (B) is a free movement and is installed in the frame 53, respectively, to absorb the displacement impact of the cargo during transport, loading, and unloading. Even if any attachment device is employed, the installation of the bag B according to the present invention can be performed by two people in a short time. The bag is rolled up or rotated together with a partition, base and frame to make a useful package. Brackets 32-35 are installed to insert the transverse members 30 and 31 into the adhesive surfaces 21 and 23 so that the flexible bag B appears as the core wire of FIG. At this time, the person who installs the bag (B) to move forward and insert the end of the transverse members 30, 31 in the brackets (32-35) to install with the wedge (39) at a suitable place.

The installer walks to the rear of the container and extends the bag to the rear end. The base member 47 is located on the floor and the bag adhesive surface 24 is fixed to the transverse bar 52 when necessary. The rear frame leg 55 and the transverse member 54 are located between the base portion and the upper portion of the container, and the attachment surface 22 of the bag B is fixed to the upper transverse member 54. At this time, the partition member 46 is located on the back of the bag and the reinforcing metal band 65 is raised to the vertical space. At this time, the person who installs is outside the container 10, behind the frame 18.

It is appreciated that the attachment of the bag B to the trailing traverse 58 can inflate the bag by, for example, the use of a fan that blows air through the opening 20. The inflation of the bag is such that the bag is easily fixed by bringing the upper attachment surface 22 into close contact with the transverse member 54.

Bag B is filled through hole 20 in a known manner and ready for shipment by tying Steve 20b, closing container door 15 and sealing.

Although the supporting method of the transverse members 30 and 31 has been described above, it is natural that the supporting method can be supported by another method. For example, as shown in FIGS. 10-12, the transverse members 30, 31 are attached to the ring 85, 86 welded to the edge casting 17 or the vertical edge support 8, 9. Can be supported by. Along with this ring, a transverse member such as the transverse member 30b shown in FIG. 10 has perforated ear rings 87 and 88 into which the collars 36 and 37 are inserted. On the other hand, the installation of the horizontal member 30b is the same as the installation method of the horizontal member 30. Earrings 87 and 88 are inserted by the collars 85 and 86 to support the lateral member 30b at the required position. The installation method of the attachment surface 21 of the bag B is similar to FIG. 5, but the rope loops 89 and 90 are attached to the end of the attachment surface to prevent longitudinal displacement of the attachment surface 21 along the lateral member 30b. It may be installed. Both sides of the attachment surface 21 are secured to the loops 85 and 86 by loops 91 and 92 of elastic material.

Brackets 32 and 33 are secured to the rear surface of the corner casting 17, while rings 85 and 86 are installed on this surface, while they are cast 17 as shown in FIGS. Toward the bottom 12. The invention is also applicable to nonstandardized containers, trailers, and various vehicles.

Claims (1)

As described above in the text and shown in the text, the upper and lower horizontal members 30, 31 and the front horizontal members 30, 31 which are uniformly subjected to longitudinal loads to support the flexible bag for powder compound loading. And a bag attachment device (21) (23) for respectively connecting the flexible bag to the powder container.

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