KR790000887B1 - Electrical first-out indicator system for use with pneumatic controls on a petroleum process - Google Patents

Abstract

An electrical indicator system is connected to a petroleum process where pneumatic controls are employed and where automatic shutdown will take place if any one of a plurality of parameters exceeds predetermined limits. The electrical system uses relays that are actuated by the pneumatic controls which indicate when a parameter goes outside limits. Each such relay has interlocking contacts with the circuits for all the other relays, so that the first actuated relay will lock out the remaining relays. This provides an indication of which condition was first outside limits.

Description

Primary disconnect indicator electrical device

1 is a circuit diagram showing a simple form of an electrical system according to the present invention.

2 is an electrical circuit diagram illustrating a more complex system used in a syngas generation process.

FIG. 3 is a process diagram illustrating a synthesis gas generating process showing a connection point of an electric first cut-off display system of the form shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The present invention relates to an petroleum process by pneumatic process, in particular to an electrical system in which an initial cut-off indication is made by connecting with an air control device of a petroleum process when one of several coefficients exceeds a predetermined limit. In particular, syngas generation processes are usually by air control. It is also known to have a device that automatically shuts off the system when one of the coefficients given in the process exceeds a predetermined limit. This is to prevent damage to the system or damage of expensive equipment.

However, when such a blockage occurs, it is very difficult and time consuming to determine the cause. One of the reasons is that when a cutoff occurs, all coefficients exceed the limit. Therefore, it is very convenient and time-saving to be able to display the initial coefficient that exceeded the limit when the car was cut off.

Conventional air control devices are also designed to provide an initial shutdown indication when a shutoff occurs. However, such devices will include expensive and complex pressure devices and require higher pressures than would normally be used in the method according to the invention. In addition, some pneumatic first-blocking schemes are designed to shut off the pneumatic relay process even when one of the pene- matic relays has failed.

In short, the present invention relates to a syngas generating process or a similar process. It is included as a device that detects several coefficients and blocks the process when one of the coefficients exceeds a threshold. The device described above includes an electrical system that displays the first coefficient exceeding the limit. The electric system is composed of a device for supplying a power source and a switch that operates primarily when a limit is exceeded corresponding to each coefficient. The electrical system also consists of each coefficient and a relay, and the relay has several contacts that open and close at the same time to form a separate switch corresponding to each of the other coefficients. The apparatus also consists of a circuit connecting one of the disconnect switches between the operating power source and each other relay.

The present invention further relates to an oil refinery process or a similar process having an air control device and a detection device. The process includes at least some pneumatic contvolled values to shut down the process. The process also includes a condition detection device that provides pneumatic signals in accordance with the conditions, and a plurality of air devices operating in accordance with the air signals. The process also includes an air system that automatically operates the valve if one of the conditions exceeds a predetermined limit. At the same time as the oil refining process, there is an electric system indicating a condition exceeding a limit for the first time among the above conditions, and it is composed of a device for connecting an operating system to a system. In addition, the system is composed of a switch that is primarily operated by each air control device and a relay corresponding to each condition detection device, the relay has a plurality of contacts to each other condition except the corresponding condition It is formed by a corresponding secondary disconnect switch.

The system also consists of circuitry that connects one of the secondary disconnect switches between the dynamic power supply and one of the other relays.

When described with reference to the drawings to clearly understand the present invention.

The basic concept of the present invention relates to an electrical system indicating an initial shutdown of the petroleum process and is illustrated in FIG.

The process has a number of coefficients that are measured or detected, and the electrical first cut-off display has a relay corresponding to each of these coefficients.

Four relays, shown in FIG. 1, as (R-1), (R-2), (R-3), and (R-4) are shown. The four relays have coils 11, 12, 13 and 14, respectively, and each coil has four double throw switches as shown in the figure. To operate. These switches are mechanically connected as indicated by dashed lines 17, 18, 19 and 20.

Pressure-operated switch corresponding to each of the four relays (R-1), (R-2), (R-3) and (R-4), in order to allow the relay to operate under a predetermined condition by four coefficients (26), (27), (28) and (29).

The pneumatic system of the petroleum process is adapted to operate the pressure switches 26 to 29 when the coefficient exceeds a defined limit. When any one of the pressure switches operates, the contact is closed and the circuit is configured to apply a voltage to the corresponding one of the relay coils 11 to 14, and the contact of the relay is immediately moved to the opposite position of the two-way switch. To protect the relays from being energized.

Thus, the relay coil under voltage will initially display the corresponding coefficient exceeding the limit.

It can be fully understood from the following description that other circuits can be used without changing the basic concept of the present invention.

In addition, the first blocking by the indicators 32, 33, 34, and 35 corresponding to each of the relays R-1, R-2, R-3, and R-4 The display can be made more clear. These indicators light up when the corresponding relay is activated. Of course, in some special cases, the lit indicator is the first blocking indication, because the relay prevents voltage from being applied to other relay coils.

The basic system includes a switch 38 that applies voltage to the entire system and has a pair of terminals 39 to connect power to the system.

In order to explain the operation of FIG. 1, it is assumed that the switch 38 is closed. And assuming that the coefficient exceeding the limit first operated the pressure switch 26, the switch is closed to apply a voltage to the coil 11 of the relay (R-1).

Specifically, a circuit for applying a voltage to the coil 11 may be constructed from the terminal 39 to the junction 45 through the other side of the switch 38 through the 42, 43, 44, and the pressure switch 26. Is connected to one side of the switch 26, and continues to one side of the switch 49, which is operated by the relay R-4 via the connection portion 48 at the other end of the switch 26, and then to the connection portion 50. Is continued to the connecting portion 51 via the switch 52. It continues to the connecting portion 56 via the switch 53, it is connected to one end of the relay coil (11). The other side of the relay coil is connected to the junction 59 via the connecting portions 51 and 58, and supplies power to the system via the circuit connecting portion 60 and is connected to the other side of the terminal 39.

When voltage is applied to the relay R-1, all four poles move to positions opposite to those illustrated in the drawing. Thus, switches 61, 62 and 64 are opened. Each of these switches is connected to a circuit that applies voltage to the other relays (R-4), (R-2), and (R-3), so that no other relay power is supplied after (R-1) operates. It doesn't work.

The indicator circuit for turning on the indicator lamp corresponding to the relay is composed of a circuit of the indicator lamp 32 by closing the switch 63 when the relay R-1 operates.

Referring to FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, a specific embodiment is described as an example of applying the system to a petroleum process.

In this case, the process is a syngas generating unit as shown schematically in FIG.

There are four coefficients in the process that can cause blocking.

These coefficients are indicated on the left side of Figure 3 as "Quench level", "Oxygen", "Process water or carrier gas" and "Oil". Has a cutoff point controlled by all seven coefficients and can detect three more coefficients if necessary on the same principle as the four coefficients.

In addition to the minimum cutoff points there is a manual cutoff indicator and a timer to accurately determine the time at which the cutoff occurred.

The shut-off circuit is operated by the pressure in the generator of the process. However, the details of such a blocking system and its devices and circuits are not necessary to understand the present invention. This barrier is important to prevent system destruction and costly damage. In the prior art, it was difficult to find the exact cause when blocking occurred, and it took a lot of time. This time consumption can be prevented by employing the electric first cut-off indication method according to the present invention. Furthermore, as described above, the timer can know the initial blocking occurrence time.

The circuit diagram of FIG. 2 uses a different symbol from that of FIG. 1, and is a parallel circuit between a pair of power supply pressure terminals 65. As shown in FIG. Unlike FIG. 1, the switch of FIG. 2 is indicated by a symbol in which one inclined line is higher in two parallel lines, which indicates that the switch (or relay) is connected when no voltage is applied to the relay. On the other hand, a symbol consisting of only two parallel lines without an inclination line indicates that a switch (or relay) is connected when the relay is energized. The correspondence between relays and switches is clearly evident in capital letters.

In the figure, the relay ("R-") is shown with a number followed by the symbol and the marking of the switch symbol and the relay coil is indicated by a circle. The relays of these corresponding coefficients are used because of the number of relay contacts used in each of the seven relays corresponding to the coefficients of the petroleum process. Therefore, these relay coils are marked with the letters A and B and no letters are used for the contacts.

Since the seven relays and the corresponding circuits are completely identical, only the first two and seventh are shown in the circuit diagram of FIG.

The operation of the circuit of FIG. 2 is generally similar to that described in FIG. However, in Figure 2 there is a pressure switch 66, denoted by (PS-1). This relay is controlled by the corresponding variable. If the coefficient exceeds a predetermined limit, the switch 66 is connected to construct a circuit, which puts voltages on the relays 67 and 68, denoted by R-1A and R-1B. The circuit is completed via relay contacts (R.2), (R.3), (R.4), (R.5), (R.6), and (R.7), indicated by (69) and simultaneously ( Lights up indicator 72 labeled L-1).

The system of FIG. 2 includes an electrical holding circuit and the circuit of the first activated relay allows the pair of relays and lights to be maintained for the initial operation until the entire system is restored after shutdown.

There is a pair of contacts 70 indicated by the relay switch R.1. These contacts 70 are closed when relay R-1 operates. When these contacts are closed, the contacts (R.2), (R.3), (R.4), (R.5), (R.6) and (R.7) of the pressure switch 66 and other relays are closed. Since the holding circuit is constituted at the initial stage, the initial cut-off indication is kept in the initial state regardless of whether the individual conditions return to within the limit values.

Each of the other relay circuits R-2 to R-7 is in a state in which the contact 71 is closed, and when the relay R-1 operates, all of them are opened so that the connection is broken so that the other relay does not operate.

Assume that another coefficient for operating the pressure switch 74, represented by the following example (PS-2), first exceeded the limit. When switch 74 is closed, all contacts marked (R.1), (R.3), (R.4), (R5). (R.6) and (R.7) from one side of the operating power source ( Circuit 75 of relay R-2 is configured and relay coils 76 and 77 operate. In addition, the circuit of the relay R-2 is configured through the indicator 78 indicated by L-2, and the relay coils 76 and 77 operate. In addition, the indicator 78 indicated by L-2 is turned on. When relay R-2 is in operation, all contacts marked (R.2) are activated. This includes a contact 80 located in another contact group which is connected in a normal state (a state in which no voltage is applied). In addition, an open contact 81 operates in a steady state to form a holding circuit.

The timer circuit includes a pressure switch 84 labeled PS-8 to close when sufficient pressure is generated in the system to perform the above-described shut-off. The switch 84 is connected in series with the timer 85 and continues to operate until the interruption occurs at the start of the process.

In addition to the above-described automatic initial blocking display method, a manual blocking indicator is provided. Two relays (90) and (94) and one (PS-9) pressure switch (93), denoted R-10 and R-11, are added and pressed with indicator (L-9) (95) There is a button switch (SW-9) 96.

Manual blocking operation is described with reference to FIG. 2 as follows. When the generator (Fig. 3) is operated, all the coefficient control pressure switches PS-1 to PS-7 and the switch 93 (PS-9) are opened while the switch 84 (PS-8) is closed. While the timer 85 is operating, the time delay relay 91 (R-8) is operated and the operation of the relay 92 (R-9) is cut off. The positions of all the contacts other than the contacts 97 (R-8) are indicated by symbols.

Assuming manual shut-off has been activated, relay 94 (R-11) and indicator 95 are operated when pressure switch 93 (PS-9) is closed. Once they are operated, the contacts 99 (R-11) and the contacts 100 (R-9) are closed in turn and at the same time the contacts 101 (R-11) are opened to correspond to the corresponding pressure switches PS-1 to PS. Regardless of the position of -7), neither counting relay can operate. In addition, the contact 89 (R-11) of the timer circuit is opened and the timer stops.

When the generator is operated again, the manual disconnect switch 93 (PS-9) is opened. As a result, the contact 100 (R-9) is opened, and the operation of the relay 94 (R-11) is interrupted at the moment the relay 92 (R-9) is operated.

If the interruption occurs due to one of the counting control pressure switches PS-1 to PS-7, the corresponding one of the contacts 88 is opened, so that the corresponding relay and indicator light are operated. In addition, the timer 85 stops and the operation of the relay 90 (R-10) in the timer circuit is stopped. Therefore, the contact 98 (R-10) is opened, so that the relay 94 (R-11) and the indicator 95 (L-9) do not operate regardless of the position of the manual disconnect switch.

There is a pushbutton switch labeled Test. There is also a toggle switch 104 to control the operating power of the electrical system. Known test methods can be used to check them with alarm lamps and relays. However, when the generator is shut off and power is supplied to the electrical system, a single alarm circuit is always closed to the neck, so a device is automatically removed. The device includes a relay 92 (R-9) and a time delay relay 91 (R-8).

The operation procedure of the apparatus is as follows. When power is supplied and the generator is disconnected from the process, the relays 91 (R-8) and 92 (R-9) stop working, the contacts 105 (R-9) close, and current flows through the alarm circuit. . Operating the generator causes switch 84 (PS-8) to close and time delay relay 91 (R-8) to operate so that contact 97 (R-8) is closed for a time delay period. Therefore, the relay 92 (R-9) is operated for the same period so that the contact 105 is opened and the operation of all the alarm circuits is cut off. When the time delay period elapses, the contact 97 (R-8) is opened, the operation of the relay 92 (R-9) is interrupted and the contact 105 is closed to supply power to the alarm circuit again. Since the generator is operated later, the alarm lamp does not light up.

3 is self-evident and the symbols used are explained in the legend. This process is a syngas generator in which four coefficients are indicated by symbols such as "quench level", "oxygen", "process water or carrier gas", and "oil". Each condition of these coefficients in the system is detected as air conditioning in the manner shown. This includes pressure controllers 107, 108, 109, 110, and the like. These pneumatic devices are air controllers that react immediately to bring the air at the outlet to zero or maximum. In each case the outlet is connected to the diaphragm of the corresponding valve as shown. The input of the controller is also taken from a suitable detector. That is, the flow of oxygen is detected by a flow transmitter 117 connected to the orifice 118 as shown.

As shown by the square symbol labeled "FD", the system of FIG. 1 has a Pneumstic connetion point at the position of the switch 74 in each pressure switch FIG. For example, connection points 111, 112, 113, and 114 are each represented by four coefficients.

Claims (1)

As shown in the drawings and described above in the text, a plurality of relays each connected to a plurality of switches primarily operated in response to a change in a process coefficient have a plurality of contacts that are opened and closed at the same time, and the plurality of contacts each have a different relay. The first electrical disconnect display device formed of a secondary switch constituting the operation circuit of the.

Images